ARE WE ALONE?

Osinanna OkonkwoVinay Prasad

Ugochukwu AnyaorahDaniel Reed

PROBLEM STATEMENTS

Our Goal as experts in HVACsystems was to respond to a RFQ(Request For Quotation)issued by NASA, for thecreation of a housing heatingsystem in the North pole.The house in question is required tosupport 4 scientists for 4 months,delivering functionality and comfort

CONSTRAINTS

• Inside temperature of 25° C• Outside temperature of -40°

C• Maintain oxygen at a rate of

32L/min.• Minimize flow rate variation

between all registers

PROJECT MANAGEMENT - RACI

THE HOUSE

REQUEST FOR QUOTATION

To win the contract we had toachieve the following:

– Lowest blower cost – Lowest material cost– Least Labor– Operating Cost– Client Satisfaction

LEAST BLOWER COST

LEAST BLOWER COST

• Achieving this goal required minimizationof the system pressure drop. To do this we

usedFlowmaster software to create a HousingHeating System.

• A network was created but due toinsufficient technical support however theresults of this part of the project wereinconclusive.

THE NETWORK

FLOWMASTER DUCT PLAN

LEAST MATERIAL COST

LEAST MATERIAL COST

Achieving this goal required theminimization of rubber coatedsheet metal used in making theduct system.

OPTIMIZING MATERIAL USE

In order to reduce waste we had tooptimize the diameter of the cylindrical straightpipes used in the duct-work.

Optimization process:90in side of sheet four 22.25in Circumference pipes 7.08in

Diameter

This minimized cost as none of the coated sheetmaterial was wasted, while still allowing us a goodenough pipe diameter for a good flow rate.

TOTAL MATERIAL COST

Cost per sheet - $250Diameter of pipe– 7.08inCircumference of pipe– 22.25in 4 per sheet

TOTAL MATERIAL COST - $7,750

LEAST LABOR COST

LEAST LABOR COST

To obtain this goal we had tominimize shearing of sheets

aswell as the use of 90 degreebends and branches due tothe high cost of producingthem.

TOTAL LABOR COST

TOTAL LABOR COST - $2,800

OPERATING COST

OPERATING COST

This required the minimization of

Energy costs. The cost ofmaintenance items includes:

– monthly natural gas costs– oxygen costs– Electricity costs.

Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement

• Based on an inside temperature of 25° C• Using peak heat requirement• We Assumed

– No heat transfer by radiation– No heat loss from basement to ground– Inside wall dimensions were used for heat transfer

surface area

460 “

296” Depth: 240”

Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement

• Convection coefficients differed due to orientation and outside or inside location

– hin for vertical walls was 8.29 W/m2·°C * (still air)

– hin for roof was 9.26 W/m2·°C * (still air)

– hout for vertical walls and roof was 34

W/m2·°C * (air at 15 mph and any orientation of wall)* Cengel, Yunus A. Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach. pp 175, Table 3-7.

McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2003.

Natural Gas Heating Cost

• Heat Requirement: Q = 41655.21 W

hrm

ft

ftefficiencyMJ

m

J

MJ

hr

s

s

JCost

4472.7$

02831685.0

1

1

045.0$

8.0

1

4010

1

1

360021.416653

3

3

3

6

60.21813$1221

2445.7$ days

day

hrs

hrCostHeatingTotal

Oxygen Costs

OXYGEN SUPPLY: OPTION I To supply oxygen to the 4 scientists (eachscientist breathes air at 8L/min 32L/min),we decided to utilize PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

Name of Plant: Leucaena leucocephala(Pronounced: Loo-Say-Na)

Leucaena leucocephala – Plant Facts

• One plant is estimated to produce about 0.22L of oxygen per minute.

32L/min required 0.22L/min per plant 145 plants

• Applying a factor of safety of 1.1 we agreed on 160 plants.

• Planted at 6in intervals, the plants will occupy approximately a 7ft. X 7ft. Area in the basement.

Total Cost = 10c a plant x 160 $16.00As opposed to

32L/min x 60min/hr x 24hr/day x 120 days = 5529600L5529600L / 3000L/tank = 1844 tanks

1844 tanks x $1050 per tank = $1,936,200

LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION

LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION

Again due to lack of technicalSupport the results of this part

ofthe project were inconclusive.This is due to an

incompatibilitybetween software and project.

FINAL COST SHEET

• Blower cost - INCONCLUSIVE• Material Cost - $7,750• Labor Cost - $2,800• Heating Cost - $21,813.60• Oxygen Replenishment - $16.00• TOTAL COST - $32,380

CONCLUSION

• Designed a heating network using Flowmaster

• Successfully determined heating cost

• Successfully determined oxygen replenishment cost

QUESTIONS