Arduino Workshop

London Hackspace

22nd/23rd January 2011

Mike McRoberts

Project 1

// Project 1 - LED Flasher

int ledPin = 10;

void setup() { pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);delay(1000);digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);delay(1000);

}

Project 2

// Project 2 - Interactive Traffic Lights

int carRed = 12; // assign the car lightsint carYellow = 11;int carGreen = 10;int pedRed = 9; // assign the pedestrian lightsint pedGreen = 8;int button = 2; // button pinint crossTime = 5000; // time alloyoud to crossunsigned long changeTime; // time since button pressed

void setup() { pinMode(carRed, OUTPUT); pinMode(carYellow, OUTPUT); pinMode(carGreen, OUTPUT); pinMode(pedRed, OUTPUT); pinMode(pedGreen, OUTPUT); pinMode(button, INPUT); // button on pin 2 // turn on the green light digitalWrite(carGreen, HIGH); digitalWrite(pedRed, HIGH);}

void loop() { int state = digitalRead(button); /* check if button is pressed and it is over 5 seconds since last button press */ if (state == HIGH && (millis() - changeTime) > 5000) { // Call the function to change the lights changeLights(); }

}

void changeLights() { digitalWrite(carGreen, LOW); // green off digitalWrite(carYellow, HIGH); // yellow on delay(2000); // wait 2 seconds digitalWrite(carYellow, LOW); // yellow off digitalWrite(carRed, HIGH); // red on delay(1000); // wait 1 second till its safe digitalWrite(pedRed, LOW); // ped red off digitalWrite(pedGreen, HIGH); // ped green on delay(crossTime); // wait for preset time period // flash the ped green for (int x=0; x<10; x++) { digitalWrite(pedGreen, HIGH); delay(250); digitalWrite(pedGreen, LOW); delay(250); } // turn ped red on digitalWrite(pedRed, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(carYellow, HIGH); // yellow on digitalWrite(carRed, LOW); // red off delay(1000); digitalWrite(carGreen, HIGH); digitalWrite(carYellow, LOW); // yellow off // record the time since last change of lights changeTime = millis(); // then return to the main program loop}

Project 3

byte ledPin[] = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13}; // Create array for LED pinsint ledDelay; // delay between changesint direction = 1;int currentLED = 0;unsigned long changeTime;int potPin = 2; // select the input pin for the potentiometer

void setup() {for (int x=0; x<10; x++) { // set all pins to output pinMode(ledPin[x], OUTPUT); } changeTime = millis();}

void loop() {ledDelay = analogRead(potPin); // read the value from the pot

if ((millis() - changeTime) > ledDelay) { // if it has been ledDelay ms since last change changeLED(); changeTime = millis(); }}

void changeLED() { for (int x=0; x<10; x++) { // turn off all LED's digitalWrite(ledPin[x], LOW); } digitalWrite(ledPin[currentLED], HIGH); // turn on the current LED currentLED += direction; // increment by the direction value // change direction if we reach the end if (currentLED == 9) {direction = -1;} if (currentLED == 0) {direction = 1;}}

Project 4

// Project 4 - Mood Lampfloat RGB1[3];float RGB2[3];float INC[3];

int red, green, blue;

int RedPin = 11;int GreenPin = 10;int BluePin = 9;

void setup() { randomSeed(analogRead(0)); RGB1[0] = 0; RGB1[1] = 0; RGB1[2] = 0; RGB2[0] = random(256); RGB2[1] = random(256); RGB2[2] = random(256); } void loop() { randomSeed(analogRead(0)); for (int x=0; x<3; x++) { INC[x] = (RGB1[x] - RGB2[x]) / 256; } for (int x=0; x<256; x++) { red = int(RGB1[0]); green = int(RGB1[1]); blue = int(RGB1[2]);

analogWrite (RedPin, red); analogWrite (GreenPin, green); analogWrite (BluePin, blue); delay(100); RGB1[0] -= INC[0]; RGB1[1] -= INC[1]; RGB1[2] -= INC[2]; }

for (int x=0; x<3; x++) { RGB2[x] = random(556)-300; RGB2[x] = constrain(RGB2[x], 0, 255); delay(1000); }}

Project 5// Project 5 - Serial controlled mood lampchar buffer[18];int red, green, blue;

int RedPin = 11;int GreenPin = 10;int BluePin = 9;

void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); Serial.flush(); pinMode(RedPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(GreenPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(BluePin, OUTPUT);}

void loop() { if (Serial.available() > 0) { int index=0; delay(100); // let the buffer fill up int numChar = Serial.available(); if (numChar>15) { numChar=15; } while (numChar--) { buffer[index++] = Serial.read(); } splitString(buffer); }}

void splitString(char* data) { Serial.print("Data entered: "); Serial.println(data); char* parameter;

parameter = strtok (data, " ,"); while (parameter != NULL) { setLED(parameter); parameter = strtok (NULL, " ,");}

// Clear the text and serial buffers for (int x=0; x<16; x++) { buffer[x]='\0'; } Serial.flush();}

void setLED(char* data) { if ((data[0] == 'r') || (data[0] == 'R')) { int Ans = strtol(data+1, NULL, 10); Ans = constrain(Ans,0,255); analogWrite(RedPin, Ans); Serial.print("Red is set to: "); Serial.println(Ans); } if ((data[0] == 'g') || (data[0] == 'G')) { int Ans = strtol(data+1, NULL, 10); Ans = constrain(Ans,0,255); analogWrite(GreenPin, Ans); Serial.print("Green is set to: "); Serial.println(Ans); } if ((data[0] == 'b') || (data[0] == 'B')) { int Ans = strtol(data+1, NULL, 10); Ans = constrain(Ans,0,255); analogWrite(BluePin, Ans); Serial.print("Blue is set to: "); Serial.println(Ans); }}

Project 6

// Project 6 - Piezo Sounder Alarm

float sinVal;int toneVal;

void setup() { pinMode(8, OUTPUT);}

void loop() { for (int x=0; x<180; x++) { // convert degrees to radians then obtain sin value sinVal = (sin(x*(3.1412/180))); // generate a frequency from the sin value toneVal = 2000+(int(sinVal*1000)); tone(8, toneVal); delay(2); }}

Project 7

// Project 7 - Light Sensor

int piezoPin = 8; // Piezo on Pin 8int ldrPin = 0; // LDR on Analog Pin 0int ldrValue = 0; // Value read from the LDR

void setup() { // nothing to do here}void loop() { ldrValue = analogRead(ldrPin); // read the value from the LDR tone(piezoPin,1000); // play a 1000Hz tone from the piezo delay(25); // wait a bit noTone(piezoPin); // stop the tone delay(ldrValue); // wait the amount of milliseconds in ldrValue}

Project 8

// Project 8

#define sensorPin 0

float Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin;int sensorValue;

void setup() {Serial.begin(9600);Serial.println("Initialising.....");}

void loop() {

GetTemp(); Serial.print("Celsius: "); Serial.println(Celsius); Serial.print("Fahrenheit: "); Serial.println(Fahrenheit); Serial.println();

delay(2000);}

void GetTemp(){ sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin); // read the sensor Kelvin = (((float(sensorValue) / 1023) * 5) * 100); // convert to Kelvin Celsius = Kelvin - 273.15; // convert to Celsius Fahrenheit = (Celsius * 1.8) +32; // convert to Fahrenheit}

Project 9

// Project 9

int latchPin = 8; //Pin connected to Pin 12 of 74HC595 (Latch)int clockPin = 12; //Pin connected to Pin 11 of 74HC595 (Clock)int dataPin = 11; //Pin connected to Pin 14 of 74HC595 (Data)void setup() { //set pins to output pinMode(latchPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(clockPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(dataPin, OUTPUT);}

void loop() { //count from 0 to 255 for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) { //set latchPin low to allow data flow digitalWrite(latchPin, LOW); shiftIt(i); //set latchPin to high to lock and send data digitalWrite(latchPin, HIGH); delay(1000); }}

void shiftIt(byte dataOut) { // Shift out 8 bits LSB first, on rising edge of clock boolean pinState; digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW); //clear shift register ready for sending data digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); for (int i=0; i<=7; i++) { // for each bit in dataOut send out a bit digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); //set clockPin to LOW prior to sending bit

// if the value of DataOut and (logical AND) a bitmask // are true, set pinState to 1 (HIGH) if ( dataOut & (1<<i) ) { pinState = HIGH; } else { pinState = LOW; }

//sets dataPin to HIGH or LOW depending on pinState digitalWrite(dataPin, pinState); //send bit out on rising edge of clock digitalWrite(clockPin, HIGH); } digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); //stop shifting out data}

Project 10

// Project 10#include <TimerOne.h>

int latchPin = 8; //Pin connected to Pin 12 of 74HC595 (Latch)int clockPin = 12; //Pin connected to Pin 11 of 74HC595 (Clock)int dataPin = 11; //Pin connected to Pin 14 of 74HC595 (Data)

byte led[8]; // 8 element unsigned integer array to store the sprite

void setup() { pinMode(latchPin, OUTPUT); // set the 3 digital pins to outputs pinMode(clockPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(dataPin, OUTPUT); led[0] = B11111111; // enter the binary representation of the image led[1] = B10000001; // into the array led[2] = B10111101; led[3] = B10100101; led[4] = B10100101; led[5] = B10111101; led[6] = B10000001; led[7] = B11111111; // set a timer of length 10000 microseconds (1/100th of a second) Timer1.initialize(10000); // attach the screenUpdate function to the interrupt timer Timer1.attachInterrupt(screenUpdate); }

void loop() { for (int i=0; i<8; i++) { led[i]= ~led[i]; // invert each row of the binary image } delay(500);}

void screenUpdate() { // function to display image byte row = B10000000; // row 1 for (byte k = 0; k < 9; k++) { digitalWrite(latchPin, LOW); // open latch ready to receive data shiftIt(~led[k] ); // shift out the LED array (inverted) shiftIt(row ); // shift out row binary number

// Close the latch, sending the data in the registers out to the matrix digitalWrite(latchPin, HIGH);

row = row << 1; // bitshift left }}

void shiftIt(byte dataOut) { // Shift out 8 bits LSB first, on rising edge of clock

boolean pinState; digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW); //clear shift register read for sending data

for (int i=0; i<8; i++) { // for each bit in dataOut send out a bit digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); //set clockPin to LOW prior to sending bit

// if the value of DataOut and (logical AND) a bitmask // are true, set pinState to 1 (HIGH) if ( dataOut & (1<<i) ) { pinState = HIGH; } else { pinState = LOW; } //sets dataPin to HIGH or LOW depending on pinState digitalWrite(dataPin, pinState); digitalWrite(clockPin, HIGH); //send bit out on rising edge of clock digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW); }digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); //stop shifting}

Project 11// Project 11#include <TimerOne.h>

int latchPin = 8; //Pin connected to Pin 12 of 74HC595 (Latch)int clockPin = 12; //Pin connected to Pin 11 of 74HC595 (Clock)int dataPin = 11; //Pin connected to Pin 14 of 74HC595 (Data)byte frame = 0; // variable to store the current frame being displayed

byte led[8][8] = { {0, 56, 92, 158, 158, 130, 68, 56}, // 8 frames of an animation {0, 56, 124, 186, 146, 130, 68, 56}, {0, 56, 116, 242, 242, 130, 68, 56}, {0, 56, 68, 226, 242, 226, 68, 56}, {0, 56, 68, 130, 242, 242, 116, 56}, {0, 56, 68, 130, 146, 186, 124, 56}, {0, 56, 68, 130, 158, 158, 92, 56}, {0, 56, 68, 142, 158, 142, 68, 56} };

void setup() { pinMode(latchPin, OUTPUT); // set the 3 digital pins to outputs pinMode(clockPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(dataPin, OUTPUT);

Timer1.initialize(10000); // set a timer of length 10000 microseconds Timer1.attachInterrupt(screenUpdate); // attach the screenUpdate function}

void loop() { for (int i=0; i<8; i++) { // loop through all 8 frames of the animation for (int j=0; j<8; j++) { // loop through the 8 rows per frame led[i][j]= led[i][j] << 1 | led[i][j] >> 7; // bitwise rotation } } frame++; // go to the next frame in the animation if (frame>7) { frame =0;} // make sure we go back to frame 0 once past 7 delay(100); // wait a bit between frames}

void screenUpdate() { // function to display image byte row = B10000000; // row 1 for (byte k = 0; k < 9; k++) { digitalWrite(latchPin, LOW); // open latch ready to receive data

shiftIt(~led[frame][k] ); // LED array (inverted) shiftIt(row); // row binary number

// Close the latch, sending the data in the registers out to the matrix digitalWrite(latchPin, HIGH); row = row >> 1; // bitshift right }}

void shiftIt(byte dataOut) { // Shift out 8 bits LSB first, on rising edge of clock

boolean pinState; //clear shift register read for sending data digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW);

// for each bit in dataOut send out a bit for (int i=0; i<8; i++) { //set clockPin to LOW prior to sending bit digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW);

// if the value of DataOut and (logical AND) a bitmask // are true, set pinState to 1 (HIGH) if ( dataOut & (1<<i) ) { pinState = HIGH; } else { pinState = LOW; }

//sets dataPin to HIGH or LOW depending on pinState digitalWrite(dataPin, pinState);

//send bit out on rising edge of clock digitalWrite(clockPin, HIGH); digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW); }

digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW); //stop shifting}