Impact Of Arab Society On Architecture

Date : 3rd May 2012

Name Of Professor : Dj.Biswas

Subject : Seminar

Submitted By : Fairuz , BARC/8008/10

Arab World:

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The Arab World is also known as Middle East.

The Arab world refers to Arabic speaking states, territories and populations in North Africa & West Asia.

The Arab world comprises 22 states and territories of the Arab League.

It has a combined population of around 340 million people, with over half under 25 years of age.

Middle East Map

History Of Arab World:Divided into 3 period:

1. Pre Islamic period 2. Islamic period & 3. Modern Arab period

Pre Islamic period : The pre-Islamic history of the great Arabian subcontinent is primarily that of a nomadic people. Nomads means desert dwellers. They were very poor.Main occupation was farming, hunting and fishing.Settlement were temporary structures such as tents.

History Of Arab World:Islamic period :

Known as period of Islamic architectureWere developed and had permanent settlementsMain occupation was trade , agriculture , cattle farming , pottery etc Islamic period is divided into three era:1. Rashidun Era (632-661) : • Rashidun armies established the  Islamic Empire in 632.• First state to use Islamic Architecture.• Built many Islamic Forts & Administration systems 2. Ummayad Era (661-750): Many new elements were included.

MinaretsArabesque

Mosaic Luxurious Palace

History Of Arab World:2. Ummayad Era (661-750):.

Tile Work

Moorish or Horse shoe arches

Courtyard

Domes

Also led to the development of Moorish architecture.

Ogee Arches

History Of Arab World:3. Abbasid Caliphate (750-1513) :

AllepoPlan of city of Baghdad

Islamic Architecture peaked in the Abbasid era. Made use of circular shape.Built large cities such as : City of Baghdad, Damascus & Aleppo

Minaret at Samrah

History Of Arab World:Modern Arab period

Are Arabs living in modern times .They are highly developed.Main occupation : Business, agriculture, pearl diving, fishing, trade etc. Buildings are categorized under contemporary architecture.

Economy Of Arab World: Middle East economies range from very poor to extremely

wealthy nations

Industries of the Middle East region depends upon oil and oil-related products, agriculture, cattle, dairy, textiles, leather products, defense equipment.

Unemployment is notably high in the Middle East and North Africa region

Arab Society:

More Space Gathering Hall

Arab Family is one of the most important aspects of the Arab society. Arab society emphasizes the importance of the group.Some of the Arabs believe in polygamy hence forming big sized families with many children.They are warm and hospitable people .Receives many guests.Arab practice Pardah system.

Jaalis

Arab Culture :Arab culture refers to the culture in Arab countries of West Asia and  North Africa,.

Language Literature Gastronomy

Art & Architecture

Music Spirituality

Language & Literature :  Afro-asiatic languages are

spoken predominantly in the Middle east. Arabic is the most widely spoken Afro-asiatic language in Middle east.Closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic.Used as both literary and vehicular language.The Arabic word used for

literature is adab.Adab means etiquette.Arabic Literature is the writing produced, by speakers of the Arabic Language. Holy Quran widely regarded as the finest piece of literature work.Calligraphy is an art used for decorating the wall of Islamic structures.Calligraphy is written in Arabic which are taken from Quran.

Religion:Before Islam , Arabs worshipped of a number of deities. 

Hubal

1. Uzza2. Allat3. Mallat

Later on , Some of the tribes gets converted to Christianity and Judaism. With the expansion of Islam, the majority of Arabs rapidly entered into Islam The pre-Islamic polytheistic traditions disappeared.

Religion:

Temple of Allat in Iraq

Temple of Uzza Jewish / Herod temple

Jbell Church, Lebanon

Jumeirah Mosque, Dubai

Art & Interior :Arabs are known for their Hand woven Persian Silk rugs and handicrafts.

Antique jewelry, tea/coffee pots, calligraphic wall art , Arabesque and incense burners are examples of beautiful Arabic home décor items.

In today's Arab architecture, modern aspects and traditional values stay in par.

The Dubai Mosque Incorporates contemporary design with Islamic style. Dubai Mosque, designed by architect Fari Hatam, of Aedas, has mixed between contemporary design with Islamic design

Dubai Mosque: