A-E SAFETYHEALTH & EMERGENCY

RESPONSE PLAN

DELAWARE SAND & GRAVEL SITE

May 24, 1991

Original DocumentPrepared by:

URS CONSULTANTS

As Modified by:

MCLAREN/HART ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CORP., INC.

AR300i»68(WORDPR.78) _

MCLAREN/HART ADDENDA FORURS CONSULTANTS HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN

DELAWARE SAND & GRAVEL SITE

McLareifi/Hart Environmental Engineering Corporation has reviewed and accepted- the A-ESafety, Health & Emergency Response Plan prepared for the Delaware Sand & Gravel Phasen (Pre-Design Investigation) prepared by URS Consultants, Inc. of Buffalo, New York. Section1.0, Purpose and Scope of Work, has been updated and is located in Appendix F of thisdocument.

PrqecrManager Date(Signature)

/ / / / ̂ /fc fa 97Industrial Hygienist . Date(Signature)

Field Supervisor/Site Safety Officer Date(Signature)

Regional Health & Safety Coordinator Date(Signature)

(WORDPR.78)

.HE Safety, URSHealth & Emergency CONSULTANTS, INC.Response Plan

Pre-Design InvestigationDelaware Sand and GravelSuperfund Site (Phase II)

New Castle, DelawarePrepared for:

U.S. Army Corps of EngineersOmaha District

Omaha, NebraskaContract No. DACW 45-89-C-0518

Acting for:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Region HIiladelphia, Pennsylvania

Prepared by:URS Consultants, Inc.

Buffalo, NY

December 1989

PHE-DESIGN INVESTIGATION (PHASE II)

DELAWARE SAND AND GRAVEL SUPERFUND SITE

NET CASTLE, DELAWARE

CONTRACT NO. DAC¥ 45-89-C-0518

A-E SAFETY, HEALTH, AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

DECEMBER 1989

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARHY

OMAHA DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS

Prepared By:

URS Consultants, Inc.

570 Delaware Avenue

Buffalo, New York 14202

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 . 0 Introduction ........................................... 1-11.1 Purpose .......................................... 1-11.2 Scope ............................................ 1-31.3 Key Personnel and Organization ................... 1-4

2.0 Site Description and History ........................... 2-12.1 Site Description, Location, and History .......... 2-12.2 Environmental Setting ............................ 2-42.3 Contamination Characterization ................... 2-52.3.1 General .......................................... 2-52.3.2 Air .............................................. 2-52.3.3 Surficial Soils .................................. 2-52.3.4 Formation Soils .................................. 2-62.4 Surrounding Community ............................ 2-6

3 . 0 Site Hazard Evaluation ................................. 3-13.1 Chemical Hazards ................................. 3-13 .2 Physical Hazards ................................. 3-13.2.1 Tripping Hazards ................................. 3-13 .2.2 Climbing Hazards ................................. • 3-13.2.3 Cuts and Lacerations ............................. 3-93.2.4 Animal Bites ..................................... 3-93.2.5 Lifting Hazards .................................. 3-93-2.6 Electrical Hazards ............................... 3-93.2.7 Buried Hazards ................................... 3-103-2.3 Acid Hazards ..................................... 3-103.2,9 Heat Stress ...................................... 3-103.2.10 Cold Exposure .................................. 3-143,3 Accident Prevention .............................. 3-153.3.1 Administrative Section ........................... 3-153.3.2 Activity Hazard Analysis ......................... 3-16

4 . 0 Site Control ........................................... 4-14.1 Site Access .......... .......I......,....*......,. 4-14.2 Support Zone ..................................... 4-14.3 Contamination Reduction Zones .................... 4-34.3.1 Contamination Reduction Zone ..................... 4-34.3.2 Hobile Contamination Reduction Zone .............. 4-54.4 Exclusion Zone ................................... 4-54.5 Site Visitation .................................. 4-8

5.0 Personal Protection .................................... 5-16 . 0 Air Monitoring ...................................... .^. . 6-1

6.1 Total Volatiles .................................. 6-16.2 Explosive Atmosphere /Oxygen Content /Hydro gen

Sulf ide Gas ...................................... 6-26.3 Radiation Levels ................................. 6-36.4 Particulates ..................................... 6-36.5 Perimeter Air Sampling During Excavation Activities 6-46.6 Execution ...................................... .g R 3 Q(Q̂ J 26.7 Calibration of Field Equipment ................... 6-6

TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued

Page

7.0 Handling of Samples .................................... 7-18.0 Decontamination Procedures ............................. 3-1

3.1 Decontamination of Personnel ....................... 8-13.2 Decontamination of Equipment .".................... 8-18.2.1 Light Equipment .................................. 8-18.2.2 Heavy Equipment .................................. 8-2

9.0 Emergency Procedures ................................... 9-19.1 Communications ................................... 9-19.2 Escape Routes .................................... 9-19.3 Evacuation Signal ................................ 9-29.4 Other Signals .................................... 9-29.5 Fire ............................................. 9-29.6 First Aid ........................................ 9-49.7 Emergency Assistance ............................. 9-69.8 Spills ........................................... 9-79.8.1 Liquid Spills .................................... 9-79.8.2 Soil Spills ...................................... 9-79.9 Community Protection Plan ........................ 9-79.9.1 General .......................................... 9-79.9.2 Vapor Emission Response .......................... 9-89.10 Reports .......................................... 9-109.11 Site Safety Inspections .......................... 9-119.12 Accident Investigation and Reporting ............. 9-119.12.1 Accident Reports ................................ 9-11

10.0 Training Requirements .................................. 10-111.0 Medical Surveillance Requirements ...................... 11-112.0 Safety Concerns and Contingency Measures During

Drilling Operations .................................... 12-1-12.1 Test Borings ..................................... 12-112.2 Drill Cuttings and Decontamination Water ......... 12-2

13.0 Safety Concerns and Contingency Measures DuringExcavation Operations .................................. 13-113.1 Excavation ....................................... 13-113.2 Sampling Methodologies ........................... 13-213.3 Mobile Contamination Reduction Zone .............. 13-3

APPENDICES

A Emergency ContactsB Decontamination ProceduresC Standard Operating Safety ProceduresD Field Activities FormsE Safety Equipment Specification. _F OSHA, USAGE, and URS Accident Forms

LIST OF FIGURES

Page

1-1 Safety Chain-of-Coramand ............................... 1-52-1 Vicinity Map .......................................... 2-22-2 Site Map .............................................. 2-34-1 Work Zones ............................................ 4-24-2 Support Zone Facilities ............................... 4-44-3 Decontamination Pad' ................................... 4-69-1 Route to Hospital ..................................... 9-5

LIST OF TABLES

3-1 Hazard Characteristics of Selected AnalytesDetected in Environmental Samples ..................... 3-2

4-1 Services and Equipment to be Located inContamination Reduction Zones ......................... 4-7

5-1 Components of Personal Protection Levels .............. 5-25-2 Planned Levels of Personal Protection For

Each Activity ......................................... 5-45-3 Action Levels During Drilling and Test Pit

Excavation ............................................. 5-79-1 Emergency Hand Signals ................................. 9-311-1 Components of Medical Screening ........................ 11-2

C-l Personal Safety Rules ................................. Appendix CC-2 Operational Safety Rules ............................... Appendix C

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this A-E Safety, Health, and Emergency Response Plan(SHERP) is to set forth, in an orderly and logical fashion, appropriatesafety procedures to be followed during onsite remedial design phaseinvestigative activities at the Delaware Sand and Gravel Superfund Sitein New Castle, Delaware, under U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE)

Contract No. DACV 45-89-C-0518. Field activities at the site will'include:

a surveyingo surface geophysical studieso soil test boringso real-time air monitoringo drilling supervision/soil sample loggingo environmental sampling of formation soilso test pit excavation

This document will serve not only to explain the hazards associatedvith exposure to chemicals known to be present on the Delaware Sand andGravel CDS&G) site, but will also outline approved measures for dealingwith such hazards.

All procedures presented in this plan comply with the followingregulatory or guidance documents:

^

o 05HA Occupational Safety and Health Regulations. 29 CFK.1910/1926, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and

Health Administration, OSHA, July 1988.

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Standards, 29 CFR1910.120.

1-1

o Safety and Health Requirements Manual. EM 385-1-1, U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers, Revised October 1987.

a FAR Clause 52.236-13, Accident Prevention, Department of theArmy, Corps of Engineers, December 1988.

o Safety and Occupational Health Document Requirements forSazardQu.s Waste Site Remedial Actions. ER 385-1-92, U.S. ArmyCorps of Engineers, August 1984.

o Interim Standard Air Monitoring Guide for Hazardous WasteSites . U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, June 1984.

° Sample Handling Protocol For Low. Medium. and HighConcentration Samples of Hazardous Waste. Draft, September1988.

o USEPA Order 1440.2, Health and Safety Requirements forEmployees Engaged in Field Activities, July 12, 1981.

o NIOSH/OSHA/USCG/USEPA, Occupational Safety and Health GuidanceHmnual for Hazardous Waste Site Activities. October 1985.

All personnel of URS Consultants, Inc. (and its subcontractors)involved in this phase of the program will be required to perform onsitework under the guidelines presented herein. For additional guidance tosafety procedures, the following references may also be consulted:

o URS Safety Manual. Hazardous Waste Site Investigations.

o Standard Operating Safety Guides. United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,November 1984.

1-2

ffi

In case of conflicting requirements, site personnel will employthose safety practices affording the higher level of personal protection.Should site conditions change and the need arise for modifying levels ofprotection, the Onsite Coordinator or the Onsite Safety Designee willdirect site personnel to use the appropriate level of protection and thencontact the Health and Safety Officer and Project Manager to advise them

of site conditions.

This A-E SHERP will apply to all URS and subcontractor personnelworking on site. Prior to site entry, the Health and Safety Officer orthe Onsite Safety Designee will receive official certifications indicatingthat URS and all subcontractor field personnel will have completed theappropriate waste site worker training as required by OSHA 1910.120(e)(2),1910.120(e)(3)f and 1910.120(e)(8), and the required medical surveillanceas required by OSHA 1910.120(f). Duplicates of training certificates andmedical surveillance records for all URS and subcontractor field personnelwill be maintained on site.

1.2

The scope of. this plan, and the scope of duties to be performed by

the Health and Safety Officer or his designee, are as follows:

o Review and confirm changes in personal protective clothing orrespiratory protection requirements

o Ensure that all workers entering the site have had appropriatemedical examinations and waste site worker training

o Conduct site-specific trainingo Conduct daily "tailgate meetings" each morningo Advise workers on changes related to health and safety at the

siteo Provide overall supervisory control for all health and safety

protocols in effect for the project &R30QU77

1-3

o Conduct periodic training sessions in proper use andmaintenance of personal protective equipment and safetypractices

o Conduct periodic emergency response drillso Work stoppage when site conditions warranto Conduct necessary health and safety monitoringo Supervise decontamination to ensure complete decontamination

of all personnel, tools, and equipmento Review all medical monitoring documentation and prepare any

accident/incident reports requiredo Assure that all personnel onsite are acquainted with the

provisions of the A-E Safety, Health, and Emergency ResponsePlan

1.3 Ear Personnel and Organization

Personnel responsible for implementation of this A-E Safety, Health,and Emergency Response Plan are:

o Vern Singh, P.E. Project Managero Jerald Jacobi, P.E. Sr. Project Engineer (Alternate

Project Manager)o Duane Lenhardt, Ph.D. RI Leadero Richard Fudeman Health & Safety Officero Daniel Sheldon Onsite Coordinator

A chain-of-command chart for implementation of thia A-E Safety,Health, and Emergency Response Plan is presented in Figure 1-1.

2 >-uj j-Q UJ2 U_It

2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION AM) HISTORY

2.1 Site Description. Location, and History

The Delaware Sand and Gravel Landfill is an inactive industrialwaste dump. Located in New Castle County, Delaware, the site isapproximately two miles southwest of New Castle on Grantham Lane, west ofRoute 9, and less than one mile east of the intersections of Routes 13and 40 (Figure 2-1). The property considered as the Delaware Sand andGravel Landfill is approximately 27 acres in size. Wastes are emplacedin four smaller areas on the property. The smaller areas are referred toas the Drum Disposal, Inert Disposal, Ridge, and Grantham South AreasFigure 2-2. The Drum Disposal Area is located in the northern part of theproperty and occupies about three quarters of an acre. The Inert DisposalArea is located in the southern part of the property and occupiesapproximately 10 acres. The Ridge Area occupies approximately a half-acre strip along the gravel road on the western boundary of the property.The Grantham South Area is just south of the Dell Aversano house(residence of Hare el la Dell Aversano) and occupies about 1.3 acres. Wastedisposal activity is not believed to have occurred in the remaining 14.5acres.

The Grantham South Area is not part of the present contract.

The Delaware Sand and Gravel Landfill was formerly operated as asand and gravel quarry. On September 9, 1968, a Certificate of Approvalfor a sanitary landfill was granted to Delaware Sand and Gravel by theDelaware ¥ater and Air Resources Commission. The facility's AirPollution Control Permit allowed the disposal of cardboard, wire, pallets,corkdust, and styrofoam.

In 1970 the Delaware State Board of Health issued a. solid wastepermit. Also in 1970, the site was granted a Delaware State SanitaryCorps permit. A Solid tfaste Disposal Permit, valid from 1971 until 1976

AR3QOlf802-1

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was issued in 1971 by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources andEnvironmental Control (DNREC).

During June" 1975, the DNREC inspected the site and installed

monitoring wells. Upon noting improper operating procedures, includingpoor cover.and compaction, enforcement action was taken. The Delaware"Sand and Gravel Company declared bankruptcy in 1976 when the DNRJSC filedenforcement action.

The DS&G site, therefore, was operated as a permitted industriallandfill from 1968 to 1976. During this time it reportedly accepted48,000 cubic yards of inert waste yearly, on a 24-hour-per-day basis.Dumping of wastes, however, may have begun as early as 1961, and disposalof household and construction wastes has continued to the present. Also,a reported 7,_000 drums containing industrial liquids and sludges fromperfume, plastic, paint, and petroleum refining processes were reportedlydisposed of in the northern portion of the property in a pit approximately150 x 70 x 15 feet in size. Dumping of liquid industrial waste wasofficially ceased in October 1969.

2.2 Environmental Setting

The onsite environmental setting at the Delaware Sand and GrayelSuperfund Site consists of abundant surface wastes and debris, especiallyin the Inert and Ridge Areas. The surface of the Inert Disposal Area isstrewn with trucks, buses, house trailers, concrete forms, domesticrefuse, wire, hosing, and other construction-type wastes. In the RidgeArea, barrels, storage tanks, and miscellaneous wood products lie on theridge top and its northwestern side slope. Red, blue, and green granularmaterial has spilled onto the surface from various drums. Other drums

present on site contain pastes or sludges. The Drum Disposal Area has theappearance of a natural, sloping meadow. It was, however, cleaned up,graded, and seeded during the drum removal operation by EPA in 1982.

AR3QQ148I

2-4

,_

Scars from the removal operation and evidence of near surface drums stillexist.

Vegetation covers all the waste disposal areas to varying degrees.A short meadow grass covers the Drum Disposal Area. The Ridge Area iswooded. The Inert Disposal Area has tall brush, including thorny bushes.The Grantham South Area is surrounded by Phragmites. Meadow grass, woods,and Phraemites separate the Drum Disposal Area from the Inert DisposalArea.

2.3 Cnnt-an^-nation Characterization

2.3.1 geaeral - Waste products which have been disposed of at the DelawareSand and Gravel Landfill are leaching and causing environmental, qualitydegradation in the immediate vicinity of the site. Groundwater and onsitesoils have both been affected.

2.3.2 Ai£ - Air monitoring indicates that air quality degradation withrespect to volatile organics in the vicinity of DS&G will not be a concernduring non- intrusive onsite activities. Hazardous gaseous emissions arenot expected prior to investigation activities. Air quality at DS&G maypose a. hazard during intrusive (drilling and excavation) activities.Surficial waste products, including drummed material, burned during twofires on site (1985 and 1986), especially in the Drum Disposal Area. Soilin this area has exhibited high concentrations of organic compounds. Ifthese soils were exposed to the open air, significant volatilization wouldoccur.

2.3.3 Surficial Soils - Past analytical results for the surficial soilsindicate significant contamination of organics and metals in isolated "hotspots" across the site, especially in the Ridge Area. It should be notedthat samples were collected "randomly" with no effort made to sample nearobvious waste piles.

AR30QI*822-5

2.3.4 Formation Soils - The existing analytical data from formation soilsindicate that organic and metal contamination is emanating from the DS&G

Drum Disposal Area, and possibly some metals contamination is emanatingfrom the Inert Area.

2*4 Surrounding Community

The Delaware Sand and Gravel Landfill is located in a sparselypopulated and lightly industrialized area south of the City of New Castle,Delaware. The landfill is at the end of Grantham Lane and adjacent to theAirmy Creek wetlands. Along Grantham Lane there are about 10 domesticresidences, a private health club, some small commercial businesses, theState of Delaware Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste offices, and asmall tavern (on the corner of Route 9 and Grantham Lane). There areother residences and small businesses south of Grantham Lane along Route9U and the Llangollen Estates housing development is about a milesouthwest of DS&G.

The closest properties to the DS&G Landfill are the residence ofMarcella Dell Aversano at the end of Grantham Lane, the English residencesouth of and adjacent to the Inert Area, the Holloway Terrace Athletic

Club and baseball field just east of the landfill, and the maintenancegarage run by the Dell Aversano brothers, west of the Inert Aresi.

2-6

'**•

3.0 SITE HAZARD EVALUATION

3.1 Chemical Hazards

Health/Safety characteristics of soil and groundwater contaminantsdetected at this site are listed in Table 3-1. Contaminants levels listedrepresent the highest values observed from samples collected from previousstudies conducted at the site. The risk of exposure can be air or dermal,

depending on the type of compound and intrusive activity. Table 3-1 alsopresents Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) as eight-hour Time-WeightedAverages (TVAs) based on 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants; Final Rule,January 19, 1989.

3.2 Physical Hazards

Physical hazards range from the dangers of tripping and falling onuneven ground to those associated with the operation of heavy equipmentsuch as drill rigs and backhoes. The Delaware Sand and Gravel Landfillappears to have been improperly operated, and as a result, in somelocations there are materials such as ash and resin, and debris such astrucks, buses, tires, empty drums, plastic, concrete forms, domesticrefuse, wire, hosing, wood products, and other construction type wastespresent. There is inadequate cover across much of site. The followingare physical hazards which may be encountered during pre-designinvestigation activities.

3.2.1 Trippiag_Eazards - An area of risk on the DS&G site is presented bythe uneven application of cover material which has left the ground surfacerough and somewhat difficult to walk on, thereby creating a potentialtripping hazard. Debris on the surface of the site adds to thisdifficulty as do holes and deep crevices.

3.2.2 Clisbing Hazards - During site activities, workers may have to workon drilling equipment by climbing the mast. aT̂ e-drilling subcontractor

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will conform with any applicable NIOSH recommendations, OSHA, and ArmyCorps of Engineers EM 385-1-1 requirements for climbing activities. Theseactivities vill be overseen by the subcontractor drilling supervisor andURS Supervising Field Geologist.

3-2.3 Cuts and Lacerations - Field activities that involve drilling,excavation, and sampling usually involve contact with various types ofmachinery. At least one person on site must be currently certified infirst aid and CPR. Personnel trained and certified in first aid shouldbe prepared to take care of cuts and bruises as well as other minorinjuries. A first, aid kit approved by the American Red Cross will bepresent and available during all field activities.

3.2.4 Aniaal Bites - Since this site is located in a sparsely populatedarea, all field team members should be aware of potentially dangeroussnakes (copperheads, eastern diamondbacks, and timber rattlers may bepresent), insects, and animals. Snakes, animals, and some insects will-bite. Anyone bitten should be given immediate first aid as necessary andshall be transported to the nearest medical facility. A snake bite kitwill be available in the command office. Members of the fieldinvestigation team(s) will be properly briefed regarding the potential forencountering wildlife.

3-2.5 Lifting Hazards - Improper lifting by workers is one of the leadingcauses of industrial injuries. Field workers in the drilling program willoften be required to lift heavy objects (drill casings, auger flights,etc.). Therefore, all members of the field crew should be trained in theproper methods of lifting heavy objects. All workers should be cautionedagainst lifting objects too heavy for one person.

3-2.6 Electrical Hazards - Before conducting any drilling or excavation,the supervising field geologist should evaluate the area for possibleburied utility lines (gas and electrical) and other potentially dangerousitems. It is unlikely that the Delaware sinS ahfl Qifr&p site contains

3-9

buried utility lines, although, buried drums, debris, etc., may bepresent. A brief survey of the area will be conducted before drilling orexcavating.

3.2.7 Buried Hazards - Whenever the ground is penetrated, as in drillingand test pit excavation operations, the potential exists for penetrationinto buried hazards (utility lines, drums, etc.}. To minimize the: hazard,field personnel will take the following precautions:

o During excavation activities, the Supervising Field Geologistshould survey the area for underground utility lines, burieddrums, or other potentially hazardous items. In the event a

: .buried drum is encountered, the procedure for inspection,removal, and sampling can be found in Section 13.2.

o If buried drums or other solid objects are encountered,drilling activities will cease immediately and the SeniorProject Engineer and/or Health and Safety Officer will becontacted.

o Fugitive emissions will be controlled by removing the augerflights and placing an empty 55 gallon drum over the top ofthe borehole or if auger flights cannot be removed, a canvastarp will be placed around the auger at ground level. Duringtest pit operations, fugitive emissions will be controlled byplacing canvas tarp(s) over the source.

3.2.8 Acid Hazards - Some soil and sludges at DS&G may have low pB values.Acidic materials may cause burns and irritation to the skin a,nd eyes.Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be used at all times whendrilling, excavating, or sampling. If site personnel are exposed to acid,water will be available at the mobile decon area to remove the

contaminants. flR300^93

3-10

3.2.9 5§at Stress - Another potential hazard includes heat stress, sincesome field activities will be conducted using both Level C and Level Bprotection.

The following guidelines for prevention and monitoring given belowwill be implemented to minimize the possibility of heat stress. Personnelwill be trained to recognize the symptoms heat stress, and to apply theappropriate treatment.

1. Prevention

a. Provide plenty of liquids. Available in the SupportZone will be a 50Z solution of fruit punch or the likein water, or plain water to be taken with salted foodssuch as pretzels.

b. Vork in pairs. No individual will attempt to undertakeany activity alone.

c. Provide cooling devices. A spray hose and a source ofwater will be provided to reduce body temperature, coolprotective clothing, and/or act as a quick-drench showerin case of an exposure incident.

d. Adiustment-.of the work schedule. As is practicable, themost labor intensive tasks should be carried out duringthe coolest part of the day.

2. Monitoring

If weather conditions become warm (above approximately 70°F)and excessively humid (above 50Z), monitoring of personnel performing workunder Level C, Level B, or Level A protectioiflwiuLtjcQnrŷ ck. One or more

3-11

under Level C, Level Bt or Level A protection will commence. One or moreof the fallowing methods will be employed, as directed by the Health andSafety Officer.

a. Heart rate. Heart rate (HR) will be measured by theradial pulse for 30 seconds as early as possible in theresting period. The HR at the beginning of the restperiod should not exceed 110 beats per minute. If theHR is higher, the next work period will be shortened by10 minutes, or 33Z, whichever is greater, while thelength of the rest period will remain the same. If thepulse rate is 100 beats per minute at the beginning ofthe next work period, the following work period will beshortened by 33Z.

. b; Body temperature • Body temperature will be measuredorally with a clinical thermometer, in accordance withmanufacturer's instructions, as early as possible in theresting period. Oral temperature (OT) at the beginningof the rest period should not exceed 99° Fahrenheit. Ifit does, the next work period will be shortened by 10minutes, or 33Z, which ever is greater. However, if theOT exceeds 99.7° Fahrenheit at the beginning of thefollowing work period, the next cycle will be shortenedby another 33Z. OT will be measured again at the endof the rest period to make sure that it has dropped tobelow 99° Fahrenheit.

3. Recognition and Treatment _:i

Any person who observes any of the following forms of heatstress, either in himself or in another worker, will report thisinformation to the Health and Safety Officer or his designee as soon aspossible. fiR300i*95

3-12

a. Heat Rash Cor prickly heat);

Cause: Continuous exposure to hot and humid air,aggravated by chafing clothing.

Symptoms: Eruption of red pimples around sweat ducts

accompanied by intense itching and tingling.Treatment: Remove source of irritation and cool the

skin with water or wet cloths.

b. Heat Crasus for heat prostration);

Cause: Profuse perspiration accompanied byinadequate replenishment of body water andelectrolytes.

Symptoms: Sudden development of pain and/or musclespasms in the abdominal region.

Treatment: Remove the worker to the ContaminationReduction Zone. Provide fluids orally.Remove protective clothing. Decrease bodytemperature and allow a period of rest ina cool location.

c. Heat Exfraugt;j.op

Cause: Overexertion in a hot environment andprofuse perspiration accompanied byinadequate replenishment of body water andelectrolytes. A serious condition.

Symptoms: Muscular weakness, staggering gait, nausea,dizziness, shallow breathing, pale andclammy skin, approximately normal bodytemperature

3-13

Treatment: Perform the following while simultaneouslymaking arrangements for transport to amedical facility:Remove the worker to the ContaminationReduction Zone. Remove protective clothing.Lie the worker down on his or her back, ina cool place, and raise the feet 6 to 12inches. Keep warm, but loosen all clothing.If conscious, provide sips of a salt watersolution using one teaspoon of salt in 12ounces of water, transport the worker to amedical facility.

d. _, Heat Stroke

Cause: Same as heat exhaustion* An extremelyserious condition.

Symptoms: Pry and_h_ot skin, dry mouth, dizziness,nausea, headache, rapid pulse.

Treatment: Cool worker immediately by immersing orspraying with cool water or sponge bare skin.after removing protective clothing.Transport to hospital.

3,.2.10 Cold Exposure - Exposure to cold weather, wet conditions, andextreme wind-chill factors may result in excessive loss of body heat(hypothermia) and/or frost bite. To guard against cold exposure and toprevent cold injuries, appropriate warm clothing should be worn, warmshelter must be readily available, rest periods should be adjusted asneeded, and the physical conditions of onsite field personnel should beclosely monitored. Personnel and supervisors working onsite at DS&G willbe made aware of the signs and symptoms of frost bite and hypothermia suchas; shivering, reduced blood pressure, reducedflq̂ ô iftiitp-ftiy drowsiness.

3-H

impaired judgement, fatigue, pupils dilated but reactive to light, and

numbing of the toes and fingers.

3.3 Accident Prevestioa

Guidelines of the Accident Prevent Plan can be found in varioussections of this manual as listed below. The plan conforms to theguidance provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Safety and HealthRequirements Manual. (SHRM), EM 385-1-1, October 1987. A copy of this

manual will be on site during this phase of"the program.

3.3.1 Administrative Section

o Administrative responsibilities for effecting the plan can befound in Section 1.2 and 1.3.

o Local requirements; see Section 9.9.

o Site Control, Site Layout, and Access to Restricted Areas;Sections 4.0 through 4.5 and 12.0.

o Safety .Training; Section 10.0.

o Site Clean-up and Safe Access and Egress; Section 8.0 through8.2.2.

o Fire Protection and Emergencies Procedures, Job Site

Inspections; Sections 9.0 through 9.11.

o Procedures for Accident Investigation and Reporting; Section9.12 and 9.12.1.

o Trailer Anchoring System; Section 4.2LD q A O L Q Q

3-15

3.3.2 Activity Hazard Analysis

The two (2) activities taking place at the site will be test boringsand test pit operations. Hazards analysis and control can be found inSections 12.0 and 13.0, respectively.

AR300U99

3-16

4.0 SITE CONTROL

In order to keep personnel from entering the work area duringdrilling, excavation, or environmental sampling activities without properprotective equipment, and for good control of overall site safety, threework zones and one offsite zone will be established. The three work zones

are the Support Zone, the Contamination Reduction Zone, and the ExclusionZone. The perimeters of these zones will either be marked with highlyvisible barrier tape and flagging, or temporary safety fencing whereapplicable. Signs will also be erected at each perimeter. Actual zonewidth will be determined by optimal size of work area and by localobstructions. Figure 4-1 depicts the work zones.

4--1 Site Access

During the course of onsite work, access will be by the gravel roadoff Grantham Lane, at the southeast end of the site. Public access to thesite is restricted but still occurs since evidence of recent unpermitteddisposal of household waste as well as construction/demolition debris canbe found on site. In the event of unauthorized personnel entering thesite, work activities will be halted until such personnel leave the site.A brief description, of the site work zones follows.

4.2 Support Zose

Exact placement of the Support Zone depends on a number of factors,including accessibility, local topography, nearness of utilities, andusefulness of the zone as a barrier to public entry. The Support Zone atthe Delaware Sand and Gravel Superfund Site will be located as near aspracticable to the active work areas and decontamination areas. TheSupport Zone will be vhere support facilities such as the command office,two laboratory trailers for sample preparation, compatability testing andon site laboratory, personnel shower/changing trailer, and equipment

storage will be located. It will serve as theflppinfê afceatry to or exit

4-1

from the site. Figure 4-2 shows the facilities which will be establishedin the Support Zone.

The command office will contain a telephone, two-way radio, personalprotective equipment (Tyvek suits, gloves, boots, etc.), first aid kit,snake bite kit, portable emergency eyewash station, fire extinguisher,stretcher, sampling equipment, sample containers, 50Z solution of fruitpunch or the like in vater (or plain, drinking water), two self-containedbreathing apparatus, and four Level A suit ensembles. The personnelshower/changing trailer will be located next to the command office andwill contain four shower stations, two sinks, and eight lockers. The twolaboratory trailers will be located in the Support Zone, adjacent to theContamination Reduction Zone and will contain one double sink, cabinets,counters, two fume hoods, and an explosion-proof refrigerator. Thecommand trailer, lab trailers, and personnel trailer will be anchored with.rods and cable or by steel strips to ground anchors. A security fencewith a lockable gate will be installed around the support facilities.This fenced area will also be large enough for storage of drummed drillcuttings and used protective clothing for later disposal.

Reduction Zones

There are to be two Contamination Reduction Zones, Fixed andMobile- The Fixed Contamination Reduction Zone (CRZ) will be locatedbetween the Support Zone and Exclusion Zone. Its purpose will be to serveas a contamination buffer, to prevent the spread of contaminants into theSupport Zone. The Mobile Contamination Reduction Zone will lie adjacentto the Active Drilling Sub-zone or Active Test Pit Excavation Sub-zone tobe described below.

4.3.1 Cnfttanfofttion Reduction Zone - A Contamination Reduction Zonewith a decontamination pad will be constructed in. a fenceci-off zone nearthe command office. This will be used to decontaminate aar̂ e pieces of

4-3

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URSCONSULTANTS. INC.

SUPPORT ZONE FACILITIES FIGURE 4-2

equipment such as vehicles, drill augers (between boreholes), and backhoebuckets (between test pits). It will also be used at site demobilizationto decontaminate the drill rig, backhoe, and vehicles used to move soilsamples, cuttings, etc. around the site.

The decontamination pad will be constructed of gravel over a 55#reinforced polyethylene liner, (Figure 4-3). At the bottom center of thepolyethylene liner will be a tile system for drainage of washwater intoa sump at the corner of the pad. The decon pad will be constructed sothat all water will flow towards the sump. The sump will be constructedto accommodate a 55-gallon drum equipped with a submersible, float-activated pump. The washwater accumulating in the sump will be pumped

into polyethylene storage tanks for eventual offsite disposal. (Figure4-2.) The pad will be covered with a poly tarp to prevent rainwater from

tentering the sump.

The Contamination Reduction Zone will also contain the equipmentlisted in Table 4-1. ~

4.3.2 Mobile Contamination Reduction Zone - During drilling andexcavation operations, potentially contaminated material brought to thesurface may come in contact with workers' boots or protective clothing andequipment. In order to minimize the possibility of contaminating cleanareas of the site as personnel and equipment move from an active drill orexcavation site to the decontamination pad, a mobile decontamination areawill be set up adjacent to the active drilling or excavation area. Allpersonnel in the active drilling or excavation area will be required todecontaminate themselves and equipment prior to leaving the active zone.

Equipment as outlined in Table 4-1 will also be available in the

Mobile Contamination Reduction Zone.

4-5

4-6

TABLE 4-1 -

SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT TO BE LOCATED IN CONTAMINATION REDUCTION ZONES

CONTAMINATION REDUCTION ZONE - - -o running watero high-pressure water cleanero long-handled brusheso soapo wash tubs (2)o boot tree (to air-dry washed boots)o 55-gallon waste drums to dispose of used Tyvek suits and gloves

(several)o storage tank for decon wastewater storageo portable emergency eyewash station

MOBILE CONTAMINATION REDUCTIONL ZONE

o polyethylene linero 30-gallon tuba (2)o long-handled brusheso water and soapo 30-gallon garbage cans for disposal of Tyvek suits and gloves (several)o portable emergency eyewash stationo fire extinguishero first aid kito sando large tarpo sorbant materials, containers, and various hand tools

AR3QQ5Q6

4-7

4.4 Exclusion Zone

The Exclusion Zone, the area of potential contamination around thedrilling or excavation site, will consist of two sub-zones: a fenced andappropriately marked Active Drilling or Excavation Exclusion Sub-zone, anda Non-active Drilling or Excavation Exclusion Sub-zone. The farmer willbe moved as the drill rig or backhoe is relocated; the latter will remainestablished for the duration of all site work. All personnel enteringeither part of the Exclusion Zone will require the appropriate level of

•V

protective equipment. Unless organic vapor or gas detectors indicate thata lower level of"protection can be utilized, Level B protection will berequired during all intrusive work on site in the Exclusion Zone unlessmonitoring instruments indicate otherwise. All personnel leatving theActive Drilling or Excavation Sub-zone will be required to do so via theMobile Contamination Reduction Zone, and to carry out proper decontam-ination procedures. All personnel or equipment leaving the overallExclusion Zone will do so via the Contamination Reduction Zone (Figure 4-1).

4.5 Site Visitation

It is expected that officials from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineersand other regulating bodies and jurisdictions will visit the site duringoperations. It is also likely that an OSHA representative will wish toinspect the site. All such officials must meet the same requirements ofonsite workers (40-hour OSHA-approved training, site-specific training,and medical surveillance) before going into the Contamination ReductionZone or Exclusion Zone. Visitors other than USAGE, DNREC, OSHA, or NewCastle County Health Office representatives will be subject: to theadditional requirements of having to receive written permission from theUSAGE to conduct a site visit.

All visitors must supply their own proper^ sisetty equipment and willbe required to pass a respirator fit test.

4-8

5.0 PERSONAL PROTECTION

Since personnel working on site may be exposed to unexpected levels

of hazardous airborne contaminants released during drilling or excavationactivities, or may come in contact with contaminants in wastes, drillcuttings, or soils, varying levels of protection must be available. Thelevel of protection will be minimal in the Off site and Support Zones, andmaximal in the active drilling or excavation portion of the ExclusionZone. It is anticipated that Level B protection will be utilized duringmost drilling, environmental sampling activities, and during test pitexcavation. However, four Level A suit ensembles will be readilyavailable should the need arise to upgrade to Level A ppe. Components ofall applicable levels of personal protection are listed In Table 5-1.Planned levels of protection for various locations are given in Table 5-2.

In the event that unexpected levels of organic vapors are encoun-tered, any personnel at D-t- protection level will don their respirators atonce (change to Level C). The Health and Safety designee will decide ifand when Level D+ protection may be resumed, or if a higher level ofpersonal protection is requried.

Some modification in safety equipment (e.g., switching from poly-Tyvek to standard Tyvek) may be implemented in order to balance concernsfor full contaminant protection against concerns for the possibility ofheat stress resulting from the need to wear more restrictive protective

equipment. Such modifications may be implemented only if approved inadvance by the Health and Safety Officer; or his designee, followingconsultation with the Health and Safety Officer. Protective equipmentwhich fully complies with the requirements of all levels of protectionwill be immediately available at all times on the site.

Level C respiratory protection will normaLlyn feer provided usingjrpijuuouoNIOSH/MSHA-approved full-face respirators, witrP HEPA combination filter

5-1

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5-3

TABLE 5-2 -

PLANNED LEVELS OF PERSONAL PROTECTION FOR EACH ACTIVITY

Level ofProtection*

Field Activity

A. Non- Intrusive Activities .

1. Control Survey (Offsite) .................. D+(Exclusion Zone) .......................... C

2. Surface ̂Geophysical Study (Offsite) ....... D+(Exclusion Zone) .......................... C

B. Intrusive Activities

1. Drilling ................................. B

2. Excavation ............................... B

3 . Equipment Decontamination ................ C

C . Support Zone Activities ........................ D

* These are the levels of protection at which work will commence duringthe various activities on the site. Due to onsite conditions, and asdirected by the Health and Safety Officer, it may become necessary toupgrade or downgrade the level of personal protection.

Level A ppe for four individuals will be held on site at all timeswhile intrusive activities are being conducted and two SCBA1 s willbe on site for emergency response.

flR3005

5-4

cartridges approved for removal of organic vapors, particulates, gases,and fumes. The HEPA filter cartridges will be changed at the end of eachwork day or when breakthrough occurs, whichever comes first. All teammembers will be fit-tested for respirators using irritant smoke. Due todifficulties in achieving a. proper seal between face and mask, personswith facial hair will not be allowed to work in areas requiring respirato-ry protection.

Level B and Level A respiratory protection will normally be providedusing pressure-demand, supplied-air respirators (SAR). Supplied-airrespirators supply air to a facepiece via a supply line from a series ofair tanks. The air tanks will be rented and refilled from a local source.A certificate of analysis will be required with each delivery of air.

The four T size air cylinders will be placed in a pick-up truck and \\ rt.will be hooked up in series to a dual gauge pressure regulator equipped "

vith an audible alarm. The manifold assembly has four outlets equippedwith Foster Quick Diconnects. See Appendix E for safety equipment

ispecifications. •

The pick-up truck will be positioned in an upwind location, justoutside of the exclusion zone fence. A field technician will beresponsible for monitoring the equipment and aiding the level B personnelby keeping the air lines in an orderly fashion. Each SAR will be equipped ,with 100 feet of air line hose and the air supply source will be stationed,50 feet away (at the fence barrier). The threat of heavy equipmentrunning over an air line is remote with this type of operation, however,in the event that this type of accident should occur, each SAR unit isequipped with a 5-minute escape source of air.

At the end of each days field activities, the safety equipment willbe cleaned and inspected by the field technician.

RR300512

5-5

For the fullest protection of site personnel, gas/vapor/particulateemissions will be monitored at closely spaced intervals during drillingand excavation operations and,as appropriate during environmental samplingactivities. Monitoring will be. accomplished by real-time monitoringequipment, to include an HNu photoionization detector (PID), a Gastech ex-plosimeter/02/H2S detector, a Ludlum radiation survey meter, and a Sibata

particulate monitor (for test pit excavation only). If the Health andSafety Officer or his designee determines that site conditions require it,

air samples will be collected and analyzed using NIOSH Methods 1003(Halogenated Hydrocarbons) and 1501 (Aromatic Hydrocarbons). To documentworker exposure, drilling, excavation, and monitoring personnel will befitted with organic vapor dosimeters, if deemed necessary by the Health

and Safety Officer.

The primary purpose of this monitoring will be to assess theadequacy of respiratory protection and to make it possible to stop workquickly if explosive or hazardous gases are encountered, or if an oxygen-deficient atmosphere is detected. Action levels during drilling and testpit excavation operations are presented in Table 5-3. The air monitoring

to be carried out during all pre-design investigation activities issummarized in Section 6.0.

A site log with required sign-in and sign-out procedures will serveto document the amount of time spent on site by each team member.

AR3Q05I3

5-6

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5-8

6.0 AIS MOKITQRINg

Air monitoring will be performed throughout the soil test boringand test pit excavation programs by a trained URS technician. Airmonitoring equipment will be calibrated daily and recorded in the fieldnotebook. Each day, intrusive work will not begin until the instrumentsare calibrated and background levels are taken and recorded. Air willbe monitored for total volatiles with a photoionization detector (HNu)equipped with a 10.2 eV lamp; explosive atmospheres/oxygencontent/hydrogen sulfide with an explosimeter (Gastech Model 1641);radiation levels with a Ludlum Geiger-Muller Meter or a VictoreenRadiation Survey Meter; and particulates less than 100 microns with areal-time particulate monitor (Sibata MDA Model PDC-1) . Action levelsand appropriate responses will be established and followed throughoutthe program. All air monitoring results and field observations (e.g.,wind speed, wind direction, etc.) will be recorded in the fieldnotebook,

6.1 Total Volatiles

During soil boring activities, air monitoring for total volatiles(organic vapors) will be accomplished using a photoionization detector.If readings are from 0-5 ppm above background in the breathing zone,monitoring will takg place at least every 10 minutes.or for every sampleretrieved. If readings are from 5-25 ppm above background in thebreathing zone, and all other air monitoring action levels indicate that

drilling can proceed, monitoring will take place at a minimum, everyfive minutes, or for every sample retrieved, whichever frequency isgreater.

During test pit excavation activities, total volatiles will bemonitored at the fence barrier upwind (background) and downwind from the

test pit excavation. If the volatile organic vapor level at thedownwind station exceeds the background levejt rbfc ffcpki) \tfem 1 ppm,

6-1

excavation will be temporarily halted and monitoring continued.Excavation may resume when the downwind readings return to within 1 ppmof background. If the organic vapor levels are greater than 5 ppm butless than 25 ppm over background, excavation can resume provided thatthe following conditions are also met:

(1) All other monitoring action level requirements (e.g.,explosimeter readings) are satisfied.

(2) The organic vapor level 200 feet downwind of the excavationsite or half the distance to the nearest downwindresidential, commercial structure, or public gathering,whichever is less, is below 1 ppm over background.

Refer to Table 5-3 for total volatile action levels during bothdrilling and test pits excavation activities and applicable actions.

6.2 Exolo5iv&_Atmosphere/Oxygen Content /Hydrogen Sulfide Gas

A Gastech explosimeter Model 1641 will be used to monitor forexplosive atmospheres, percent oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide content.Monitoring frequencies during soil boring activities will be the same asfor total volatile monitoring.

During test pit excavation activities, explosimeter readings willbe taken at the test pit itself. If the H2S level exceeds 10 ppin,excavation may be temporarily halted, and monitoring continued, untilthe Health and Safety Officer or his designee determines a safe re-entry level. If the combustible gas reading exceeds 20 percent of thelower explosive limit (LEL), all activities at the site will besuspended immediately and all engine ignition sources will be turnedoff. Monitoring will be continued and excavation can resume whenexplosimeter readings are less than 10 percent of the LEL. If theoxygen reading is between 19.5Z - 25Z, the excavation may continue with

AR3005176-2

continuous monitoring. If the oxygen reading exceeds 25Z, discontinueexcavation; monitoring will be continued and excavation can resume whenoxygen readings are less than 25Z.

6-3 Radiation Levels

Background radiation levels will be established prior to thestartup of intrusive activities onsite, but are expected to beapproximately 0.01-0.02 mRem/hr. During drilling and test pitexcavation, radiation levels will be monitored at regular intervals.Readings greater than one (1 mRem/hr.) above background will requiretemporary suspension of intrusive activities until the Health and SafetyOfficer or his designee, in consultation with a health physicist,determines a safe re-entry level.

6.4 Partlculateg — -

Particulate monitoring (less than 10 microns) will be conductedonly during the excavation of test pits. Particulates will be monitoredat the fence barrier upwind and downwind from the test pit. Ifparticulate levels, integrated over a period not to exceed 2 minutesunder windy conditions or 10 minutes under calm conditions, at thedownwind location are in excess of 150 ug/m3, the upwind station will bemonitored immediately using the same monitor. If -the downwindmeasurement exceeds the background measurement by more than 100 ug/m3,operations will be temporarily suspended and water may be used tosuppress the dust. Operations will be continued once environmentalconditions improve, as determined by the Health and Safety Officer orhis designee.

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6.5 P*»ftm«»ter Air Sampling During Eyravation Activities

During test pit excavation activities, eight 8-hour time-weighted

average (TVA) air samples will be collected at the perimeter of the siteusing sampling pumps and appropriate collection media ( filters ,adsorption tubes, etc.) for subsequent laboratory analysis. The samplecollection and analysis will be in accordance with procedures set forthw "NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods" Third Edition, 8/15/87. Thepurpose of this perimeter air monitoring program is to assess thepotential for personnel in the Support Zone, offsite populations, andthe surrounding environment being adversely exposed as a result ofexcavation activities. The program will assess the offsite migration ofairborne contaminants released during excavation activities so thatappropriate control measures and/or contingency plans may beimplemented.

Two floating monitoring stations will be utilized, one located atthe site perimeter immediately downwind from the active excavation areaand one located at the perimeter, upwind from the active excavation

area. This latter will act as a background station.

One upwind and one downwind sample will be collected each dayduring test pit excavation activities and will be sent to the laboratoryfor analysis at a minimum of once a week and/or whenever PID readingsexceed 1 ppm above background at the perimeter of the exclusion zone.

The following contaminant concentrations will be determined duringthe perimeter air monitoring program:Contaminant Reference " Sampling Method

Benzene NIOSH 1501 Solid Sorbent TubeBis(2-ethyl hexyDphthalate NIOSH 5020 Solid Sorbent Tube1,2-Dichloroethane NIOSH 1003 Solid Sorbent TubeDi-n-butyl phthalate NIOSH 5020 Solid Sorbent TubeEthylbenzene NIOSH 1501 Solid SdfhEii G'SbQ 9

6-4

MEK NIOSH 3508 ImpingerMIBK NIOSH 1300 Solid Sorbent Tube

PCBs NIOSH 5503 Filter and Solid SorbentTube

Toluene NIOSH 1501 Solid Sorbent TubeXylene NIOSH 1501 Solid Sorfaent TubeAs, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, NIOSH 7300 FilterNi, Se, Sn, Zn

If additional contaminants are encountered or suspected,appropriate analytical methods will be utilized.

The following actions will be taken whenever one or more of theaction levels is exceeded:

(1) The Health and Safety Officer and Project Manager will beconsulted immediately.

(2) All personnel (except as necessary for continued monitoring)will be cleared from the work area (e.g., from within thetemporary fence barrier).

(3) Monitoring will be continued until intrusive work resumes oruntil the test boring is grouted/test pit is backfilled.

(4) If downwind monitoring PID readings are >5 ppm for more thanone-half hour, the excavation will be backfilled or coveredand the proper authorities will be notified by the OnsiteCoordinator or Health and Safety Officer, (New Castle CountyHealth Department, City of New Castle Police Department,Good Vill Fire Department, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,Omaha District). See Appendix A for telephone numbers.

Any chemical release to air, water, or soil mustxberwftported toRR3UUj£uths Health and Safety Officer at once. Any expbsiire resulting from

6-5

protective equipment" failure must be reported to the Health arid SafetyOfficer in writing within 24 hours.

6.7 Calibratiop of Field Equipment

A. Photoionization Detector; Air and soil may be screened forvolatile organics using a portable photoionization detector (PID), orFlame lonization Detector (FID). While the PID/FID will not identify or.quantify individual compounds, it can be standardized (usually to abenzene surrogate) and used to quantify relative differences betweensamples for total aromatic vapors present. The instrument will becalibrated daily (prior to field activities) and the results will berecorded in the field log book.

B. Radiation Survey Meter: An instrument operational checkwill be performed prior to each use by exposing the detector to a knownsource and confirming a proper reading on each scale.

C. Exolosimeter; Once . a day the explosimeter will becalibrated to methane gas standard. Prior to each use, the oxygensensor will be air-calibrated at an upwind location. This calibrationinvolves adjusting the meter to read 20.5Z, the concentration of oxygenin ambient air.

D. Particulates; The instrument will be calibrated daily, atan upwind location (background), as per tfce manufacturers instructions.

flR30052

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7.0 HANDLING OF SAMPLES

The collection and analysis of environmental samples will requirecaution, not only to ensure safety of site sampling and laboratory per-sonnel, but also to ensure accuracy of results. To minimize hazards tolab personnel, sample volumes will be no larger than necessary, and theoutside of all sample containers will be wiped clean prior to shipment.

All samples will be prepared for shipment in. a designated area ofthe laboratory trailer, and will be transported only in designatedvehicles. In order to preserve sample integrity and to preventcontaminant escape, packaging of samples shall follow the samplingprotocols outlined in the Sampling Plan (SP). All samples will beplaced in s sealed shipping container prior to shipment.

Provisions for chain-of-custody documentation are also describedin the SP.

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8.0 DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES

8.1 Decontamination of Personnel

Decontamination of personnel will be based on the USEPA-approveddecontamination procedures presented in Appendix B. Use of disposablesampling equipment where, possible will limit decontamination require-

ments .

Protective clothing, especially reusable, fully encapsulatedsuits, boots, and gloves, will be decontaminated before entering theSupport Zone by a thorough soap-and-water wash prior to leaving theContamination Reduction Zone. Personnel performing intrusive tasks(drilling, test pit excavation) will be advised that all clothing wornunder protective clothing (i.e., underwear, shirts, socks, trousers)should be laundered separately from street clothing before re-wearing*If protective clothing is breached and personal clothing becomescontaminated, the personal clothing will be disposed of.

Shower and changing facilities will be provided to personnelworking in the Exclusion Zone. These facilities will be located in theSupport Zone, near the Contamination Reduction Zone. Site personnel maystore a set of clothing in the lockers provided.

8.2 Decontamination of Equipment

8.2.1 Light Equipment - Decontamination of sampling equipment is

described in the A-E Site Sampling Plan. Other light equipment (such astools, containers, monitoring instruments, radios, clipboards, etc.)will be segregated and deposited on different plastic drop cloths or inplastic-lined containers placed in the Contamination Reduction Zone for

that purpose.

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8,2,2 Eeavr Equipment - Decontamination of the backhoe, drill rig,vehicles used in the Exclusion Zone, and other heavy equipment will becarried out by high-pressure water on the decontamination pad. Duringdecon procedures, a PID meter with an audible alarm set at 1.0 ppm willbe set up immediately downwind of decon activities. A deaicant will beplaced in-line on the PID meter to avoid moisture from entering the lampcompartment. In the event of the alarm sounding, the Onsite Coordinatorshall see that the procedures outlined in Table 5-3 of this Plan arefollowed.

RR30052U

8-2

3.0 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES . .._.

The most likely incidents for" which emergency measures might berequired are: ._

o a sudden release of hazardous gases/vapors during drillingor excavation

o an explosion or fire occurring during drilling orexcavation

o a heavy equipment-related accident, or other accidentresulting in personal injury

a slipping or falling into a test pit

Emergency procedures established to respond to these incidents arecovered under the sections that follow.

9.1 Communications,

Communications will be centered in the command office, which willcontain a telephone for direct outside communications with emergencyresponse organizations. The office will also contain two-way radios forcontact with personnel working on site. If the Onsite Coordinator orhis designee leaves the command office, a radio will be carried by himat all times. A radio will be maintained at each drill rig and at eachtest pit location and with any personnel who are performing tasks onsite (e.g. environmental sampling). Work in the Exclusion Zone willalways be done vith at least two people on site and a third person inthe command office. A radio will be maintained in the ContaminationReduction Zone during all decon procedures.

9.2 Escape Routes

3R300525Flags will be positioned near drill rigs and excavation equipmentto indicate wind direction. In the event of a sudden release of

9-1

hazardous gases, or a fire, all personnel will be required to moveupwind or at 90 degrees away from the location of the release or fire,toward the site exit point at the command office. This may requirepersonnel to move from the Exclusion Zone directly into an offsite areawithout proper decon. At the conclusion of the emergency, they shouldmove to the Contamination Reduction Zone for proper decon.

9*3 Sy.scuEtion

In the event of a sudden release or fire, requiring immediateevacuation of the site, three quick blasts will be sounded on an airhorn. Sounding the air horn will be .the responsibility of the drill rigoperator or the supervising geologist. The horns will be kept in a con-spicuous place for quick access fay personnel at the borehole or testpit. The geologist will also contact the command office via the two-way radio to report the incident and request aid if necessary. An airhorn vill also be kept in the Contamination Reduction Zone. USAGE andthe Health and Safety Officer will be notified by telephone, and laterby written report whenever a site evacuation is executed.

9.4 Other

Emergency hand signals for use by personnel wearing self-containedbreathing apparatus or air-purifying respirators are summarized in Table9-1.

At the start of intrusive work, the Good tfill Fire Company in NewCastle, Delaware, will be notified and briefed about the potentialhazards at the site. The Health & Safety Officer will be responsiblefor this notification. It will be the responsibility of the drill rigoperator or bacfchoe operator to have a fire extinguisher available atthe drill rig or test pit location. The drilling operator will have the

&R3Q05269-2

L

TABLE 9-1EMERGENCY HAND SIGNALS

o Hand gripping throat - Can't breathe.

o Grip partner's wrist, or - Leave area immediately, noplace both hands around debate 1wrist

o Hands on top of head - Need assistance.

o Thumbs up - . I am all right, OK,I understand*

o Thumbs down - No, negative.

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JK

further responsibility of taking fire prevention measures such as thecontinuous removal from the rig of accumulated oil, grease, or othercombustible materials.

In the event of a drill rig fire or other fire that cannot becontrolled with available equipment, the local fire department will besummoned immediately by the Onsite Coordinator or his designee, whoshall apprise them of the situation upon their arrival. USAGE will alsobe notified. (See Appendix A for telephone numbers of emergencyresponse agencies). If firefighters should have to enter the ExclusionZone, decontamination will be required upon leaving.

9.6 First Aid

At the startup of field activities, the Health and Safety Officerwill contact hospital personnel regarding the potential hazards at thesite. Chemical fact sheets will be provided to the hospital for allknown contaminants at the site.

First aid for personal injuries will be administered at the com-mand office by the Onsite Coordinator or his designee. If a site workershould require further treatment, he will be transported to the hospitalin a vehicle maintained onsite (in the Support Zone) for this purpose,or an ambulance will be summoned. The onsite vehicle will carry writtendirections to the hospital as well as a copy of Figure 9-1 shoving theroute.

All accidents, however insignificant, will be reported to theOnsite Coordinator and the Health and Safety Officer.

All personnel designated to administer first aid will havereceived a minimum of eight hours training in first aid and CPR, and becertified by the American Red Cross. AR300528

9-4

9-5

In. the event of an emergency rescue situation, (i.e. falling intoa test pit) the appropriate rescue equipment will be immediatelyavailable. The rescue equipment are items such as self containedbreathing apparatus, safety harness and lines, stretcher, and ladders.

In the event of a serious personal injury requiring offsite medi-cal attention, the injured person will first be moved to the Contamina-tion Reduction Zone, where an attempt: will be made to go through thedecon procedures, including removal of protective clothing. If itshould be necessary to transport the injured person directly from theExclusion Zone to the hospital, the transporting vehicle will, if pos-sible, be decontaminated before leaving the site. If the injury islife-threatening, however, decontamination will be of secondary impor-tance, and the injured party will be taken directly to the hospitalwithout vehicle decontamination.

9.7 Eaereencr Assistance

The name, telephone number, and location of police, fire, hospi-tal, and other agencies whose services might be required, or from whominformation might be needed, will be posted near the telephone in thecommand office. This list may be found in Appendix A of this document.

If an ambulance should have to be called to the site, the injuredperson should meet the ambulance in the Support Zone if possible. If ahead or spinal injury is suspected and the person is unconscious, medi-cal personnel may have to come into the Exclusion Zone. Medical person-nel will be given the minimum amount of protective equipment necessaryto ensure their safety while providing medical attention. If cir-cumstances permit, proper decontamination procedures will be followedupon leaving the Exclusion Zone.

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9.8

The potential for spills to occur during onsite work at thesite is possible, since the handling of hazardous waste containers i.e.intact drums that may be encountered during excavation will be removed,sampled and overpacked. Also, potentially contaminated drill cuttingswill be drummed at the borehole and transported to the Support Zone foreventual o ffs ite dispo sal. In the event that re s idual mate rials arespilled during onsite transport, the following procedures will beimplemented:

9.8.1 Liquid Spills - If a liquid (decon water, etc.) is spilledon a permeable surface, two inches of surficial soil will be removedwhere the spill occurred, and drummed. The area will later be eitherbackfilled with clean soil or regraded. If liquid is spilled on animpermeable surface, a sorbent material (i.e., or cat litter) will beapplied to the spill area. The sorbent material will be swept up anddrummed, and the spill area washed down with clean water.

9.8.2 Soil Soills - Soil spilled on a permeable surface will beshovelled back into the drum, and the top two inches of soil where thespill occurred will also be removed and drummed. The area will then beeither backfilled with clean topsoil or regraded. If soil is spilled onan impermeable surface, the material will be shovelled (or swept) backinto the drum, and the area washed with clean water.

All spills will be reported to the Health and Safety Officerwithin 24 hours. The Health and Safety Officer will in turn informUSAGE of the incident.

9.9 Commmify Protection Plan

9.9.1 General - Prior to onsite work, theĵ f̂ ĴlQ ̂ igl | SafetyOfficer will alert the Emergency Services Coordinator of New Castle

9-7

County to the impending site investigation. URS will notify the localhospital, police, and fire departments when work is to be conducted onsite. A relationship will in fact be established with theseorganizations beforehand in order to expedite an emergency responseshould the need arise.

9.9.2 Vapor Emission Response - The most important component ofthe Community Protection Plan is the Vapor Emission Response Plan,designed to protect the adjacent community from the possible release ofhazardous vapors during drilling and test pit excavation activities.Should such a release occur, the Vapor Emission Response Plan shall beinitiated immediately.

A. Vapor Emission; If the ambient air concentration oforganic vapors exceeds 1 ppm above background at the perimeter of theExclusion Zone, activities will be halted and monitoring continued. Ifthe organic vapor level decreases to below 1 ppm above background,activities may resume, but more frequent intervals of monitoring, asdirected by the Health and Safety Officer, must be initiated. If theorganic vapor levels remain at greater than 5 ppm above background inthe work zone IS inches above the borehole or test pit, but less than 1ppm above background at the perimeter of the Exclusion Zone, activitiesmay resume if all the following are fulfilled:

1) The LEL level at the borehole or test pit is below 10percent and the oxygen content not 20.5Z

2) The H2S level at the perimeter of the Exclusion Zone isbelow 10 ppm

3) The organic vapor level 200 feet downwind of theExclusion Zone, or half the distance to the nearestdownwind residential or commercial structure, whicheveris less, is less than 1 ppm above background

&R30Q532

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4) More frequent intervals of monitoring, as directed by

the Health and Safety Officer or his designee, are con-ducted

If the organic vapor level is above 1 ppm or the H2S levelis above 10 ppm at the perimeter of the Exclusion Zone, the Health andSafety Officer or his designee must be notified and drilling or

excavation personnel must shut down activities. If the LEL level isabove 20 percent, all activities in the Exclusion Zone will be suspe-

nded immediately and all engine ignition sources will be turned off.Drilling or excavation personnel will then leave the Exclusion Zone andnotify the Health and Safety designee. The Health and Safety designeewill determine when re-entry of the Exclusion Zone is possible. Whenwork shutdown occurs, downwind air monitoring as directed by the Healthand Safety designee will be implemented to ensure that the vapor emis-sions do not impact the nearest residential or commercial stricture atlevels exceeding those specified in this section.

When the level of organic vapors measured by the PID exceeds1 ppm above background at the site perimeter, the air will be sampledthe same day and at the same location and will be analyzed using NIOSHMethods 1003 and 1501. The purpose of these analyses is to identify thecomponent(s) of the organic vapors. The analysis will be completed andthe results will be reviewed by the Health and Safety Officer within oneworking day to determine what action, if any, should be taken.

"~ "^ " " " " " " " . . ; = T.. " :

Upon activation of the Vapor Emission Response Plan, the

following will be undertaken:

a) Local police will immediately be contacted by the Healthand Safety Officer and advised of the situation.

b) Air monitoring will be conducted at 30-minute intervalswithin the 20-foot zone. If two successive readings&R300533

9-9

below action levels are measured, air monitoring may behalted or modified by the Health and Safety Officer.

c) The following personnel will be notified in the listedsequence:

Safety Officer ContactsDelaware State Police 571-3010 (Area Code 302)New Castle County Sheriff 571-7564 (Area Code 302)City of New Castle Police Department(Market) 322-9800 (Area Code 302)(Emergency) 911

Good Vill Fire Company, New Castle 328-2211 (Area Code 302)(Emergency) 911

New Castle County Health Office 995-8650 (Area Code 302)USACE-Omaha (S. Rowe) 1-402-221-7803State of Delaware Department of NaturalResources and Environmental Control -(DNREC) 1-736-4793 (Area Code 302)

1-736-4781 (Area Code 302)Medical Center of Delaware,Christiana Hospital 733-1000 (Area Code 302)

Onsite Coordinator ContactsProject Engineer (J. Jacobi) 1-716-883-5525RI Coordinator (D. Lenhardt) 1-716-883-5525Health and Safety Officer (R. Fudeman) 1-716-883-5525

9.10 Reports

Standard OSHA and USAGE formats will be used for reporting anyemergencies that occur on the site. A copy of these forms can be foundin Appendix E.

AR30053I49-10

9.11 Site Safety Inspections

The HSO or Senior Safety Designee (~SSD) shall perform the initialsafety training seminar at the startup of work activities as specifiedin Section 10.0, Training Requirements. In addition, the HSO or SSDshall perform bi-weekly site safety inspections, these inspections shallinclude, but not be limited to, all the aspects of the" SHEEP. Inaddition, the Onsite Safety Designee shall perform the site safety

inspections on a weekly basis and will accompany the HSO or SSD on thebi-weekly inspections.

the completion of each inspection, a report will be filledout containing the results of the inspection and corrective actionstaken .

9.12 Accident Investigations and Reports

All accidents requiring first aid which occur incidental toactivities onsite will be investigated. The investigation format willbe as follows:

o interviews with witnesseso pictures, if applicableo necessary actions to alleviate the problem.

9.12.1 Accident Reports

In the event that an accident or some other incident such asan explosion or an exposure to toxic chemical levels occurs during thecourse of the project, the Health and Safety Officer will be telephonedwithin one hour and receive a written notification within 48 hours . Thereport shall include the following items:

o Name, telephone number, and location of the Contractor.

flR3QQ5359-11 - - - - - ...-- - - . _ . . . . . .

o Name and title of person(s) reporting.o Date and time of accident/incident.o Location of accident/incident, ie., building number,

facility name.o Brief summary of accident/incident giving pertinent details

including type of operation ongoing at the time of theaccident.

o Cause of accident/incident.o Casualties (facilities, disabling injuries).o Details of any existing chemical hazard or contamination.o ' Estimated property damage, if applicable.o Nature of damage; effect on contract schedule.o Action taken by Contractor to insure safety and security.o Other damage or injuries sustained (public or private).

AR3QQ536

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