appendix 2.1: trade policies 1947-2005: selected topics ... · monopoly houses had begun to emerge...
TRANSCRIPT
281
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 2.1: TRADE POLICIES 1947-2005: SELECTED TOPICS
BOX A2.1A: EXPORT BONUS SCHEME The Export Bonus Scheme (EBS) allowed exporters of manufactured goods to receive a percentage of their exports in the form of transferable Bonus Vouchers in addition to the rupee equivalent of their export earnings converted at the official exchange rate. These vouchers allowed the holder to purchase an equivalent amount of foreign exchange at the official rate which could be used to import any item on a Bonus List or to sell the vouchers in an organised market. Since Bonus Vouchers were quoted on the stock exchange at 1.5 to 1.8 times their face value, the effective exchange rate for voucher recipients was substantially higher than official exchange rates. This compensated exporters of manufactured goods for the overvaluation of the rupee and helped to replace import-substitution based growth with export expansion. The Bonus List of imports contained critical items required by industry, thus providing some flexibility to the import licensing system. Source: Zaidi (2000).
BOX A2.1B: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY DURING AYUB REGIME Despite the high economic growth (7.43 per cent) in the first half of the Ayub regime, the proportion of people in absolute poverty remained unchanged—around 40 per cent. Further, in spite of the fairly high growth (6.63 per cent) during the full term of the Ayub government, the proportion of people in absolute poverty increased from around 40 per cent to 46.50 per cent. According to Amjad (1982), a dominant small group of monopoly houses had begun to emerge in the 1950s in the industrial sector, whose domination was accentuated in the 1960s. In 1970, there were 44 monopoly houses which controlled around 77 per cent of gross fixed assets of all manufacturing companies on the Karachi Stock Exchange. These firms controlled around 35 per cent of all assets of the entire large-scale manufacturing sector. In addition, 7 of the 17 Pakistani banks were under the direct control of these monopoly houses.
Cheema (1995) argues that under Ayub’s policy resources were directed toward the industrial sector which was supposed to have a higher propensity to save, with the agriculture sector and wages bearing the brunt of this transfer. The idea was that profits in the industrial sector should be raised giving the push towards growth which will result in automatically positive distributional consequences as development proceeds. However, the fruits of growth did not trickle down to sections of society other than the industrialists.
Interestingly, Zaidi (2000) demonstrates that income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, fell between 1963-64 and 1969-70 in Pakistan. However, Ahmed and Amjad (1984) argue that even if the actual level of income distribution had not worsened, the number of people living in abject poverty was still very significant. In addition, a display of the conspicuous consumption in the face of this extreme poverty stirred considerable tension and finally led to an outbreak of unrest throughout the country, leading to the downfall of Ayub’s regime.
282
APPENDIX 2.2: FOREIGN INVESTMENT POLICY AND PRIVATISATION PROCESS 1988-2005
BOX A2.2A: FOREIGN INVESTMENT POLICY OF PAKISTAN 1988-2005 a) Democratic Rule—1988-99 Since 1988, Pakistan began to implement a more liberal foreign investment policy as part of its overall structural adjustment program. A new industrial policy package was introduced in 1989. The package introduced a number of policy and regulatory measures with a view to improving the business environment in general and attracting FDI in particular. A Board of Investment, attached to the Prime Minister’s Secretariat, was also established to attract FDI in particular. The reform process was further enhanced by the implementation of a new investment policy in 1997. Previously only the banking sector and the manufacturing sector were open to foreign investment. The new investment policy opened virtually all sectors—agricultural, manufacturing, services/infrastructure and social sectors—to foreign investment, with foreign equity holdings allowed up to 100 per cent (this excludes a small number of industries primarily for national security and environmental protection reasons). Restrictions on the issuance of shares, remission of dividends and repatriation of capital by foreign investors were abolished. Foreign exchange regime was liberalised to allow Pakistanis and foreigners to bring in, possess and take out foreign currency, and to open accounts and hold certificates in foreign currency. However, these foreign currency accounts were frozen on 28 May 1998 to reduce capital flight in the face of the economic sanctions imposed on Pakistan because of its first nuclear detonations on 28 May 1998.
Foreign investment in the industrial sector was accorded equal treatment with domestic investment in the application of laws, rules and regulations relating to importation and exportation of goods. Visa policy was relaxed, multiplicity of taxes was reduced, and labour laws were revised so as to increase labour flexibility. Special industrial zones with massive fiscal incentives and credit facilities were set up—mostly in underdeveloped areas. Foreign investors also got relief from double taxation in case Pakistan had signed agreement with the countries of investors’ origin. The legal framework was strengthened further (through the Protection of Economic Reforms Act 1992) against compulsory acquisition of takeover of foreign investment by the federal or regional governments.
b) Military Rule—1999 Onwards
The military government strengthened the foreign investment policies of the previous democratic governments. It reopened the foreign currency deposit accounts frozen by the previous democratic government after the nuclear detonations in 1998 and enforced the Foreign Currency Accounts (Protection) Ordinance, 2001 to protect the depositors of the foreign currency account holders from government interventions. US Commercial Service (2000) considered the protection of foreign investment against expropriation seemingly satisfactory. By the end of 2003, the government had either signed or initiated agreements on avoidance of double taxation with 51 countries including almost all the developed countries of the World (excluding Australia). Pakistan also signed bilateral agreements on promotion and protection of investment with 40 countries, including Australia. Recently, the monopolistic role of the PSEs has been reduced substantially. The Cotton Export Corporation and the Rice Export Corporation have been wound up. The private sector is now actively involved in the
283
export of these products. Trading Corporation of Pakistan occasionally intervenes in the cotton market by purchasing only around 2 per cent of the total cotton traded in Pakistan (MoF, 2005). Rice export is entirely in private sector hands. The military government intends to extend the economic policies and the existing legal cover for foreign and Pakistani investment to new areas and sectors. Source: Khan (1997); Khan (1998); Khan and Mahmood (2000); Khawaja (2000); US Commercial Service (2000); WTO (2002); and MoF (2004 and 2005).
BOX A2.2B: PRIVATISATION POLICY OF PAKISTAN 1988-2005 a) Democratic Rule—1988-99 At the commencement of the 1988 – October 1999 period, the PSEs were major players in the economy. Their low efficiency and resulting losses were main areas of concern, as they placed undue burden on the budget. The government launched a huge effort to privatise the PSEs with the establishment of a Privatisation Commission on January 22, 1991. Although the Privatisation Commission’s mandate was initially restricted to industrial transactions, by 1993 it had been expanded to include power, oil and gas, transport (aviation, railways, ports and shipping), telecommunications, and banking and insurance (Privatisation Commission, 2002). Nonetheless, during 1988 – October 1999, Pakistan was successful in privatising only small and medium-sized industrial units and relatively smaller commercial banks (MHDC, 2002). The Privatisation Commission undertook transactions amounting only Rs59.5 billion between November 1991 and October 1999. The pace of privatisation was particularly slow between 1997 and October 1999 when the privatisation proceeds became only Rs2.35 billion (Privatisation Commission, 2002).
The reasons for slow progress on privatisation from 1988 to October 1999 lay in an inhospitable enabling environment, legal challenges to privatisation, complexities of dismantling large units, lack of resolution of key issues impacting the transactions, absence of a focused program with clearly identified state owned entities on the privatisation list, public opposition to privatisation, and lack of adequate regulatory frameworks for the privatisation process and the retrenchment of surplus labour (MHDC, 2002; and Privatisation Commission, 2002).
b) Military Rule—1999 Onwards The privatisation process, which had slowed during 1997-1999, picked up momentum under the current military government. The Privatisation Law was promulgated, a Ministry of Privatisation was created and the privatisation regulatory framework was strengthened. The Privatisation Commission undertook transactions amounting to around Rs35 billion between 1999 and 2002 vis-à-vis transactions worth Rs59.50 billion between November 1991 and October 1999 (Privatisation Commission, 2002). However, the WTO (2002) considered that progress on privatisation appeared to be slow. Pakistan has accelerated its privatisation process since then. Between 1999 and mid-April 2005, Pakistan has completed or approved 146 privatisation transactions with gross proceeds of Rs148.4 billion. In 2005, three major PSEs—Oil and Gas Development Corporation, Pakistan Telecom Corporation, and Pakistan State Oil—were on the privatisation list (MoF, 2005). A new feature of the privatisation program has been the offering of shares to the general public through the stock market, which has been well received.
284
APPENDIX 2.3: MAIN REGIONAL CONFLICTS OF PAKISTAN
The main regional conflicts of Pakistan since the independence of East Pakistan in 1971 are described below.
Distribution of Revenue In Pakistan, tax authority is concentrated at the federal level. The federal government revenue transfers make up for as much as 84 per cent of the regional resources (World Bank, 2002a). As a result, the distribution of revenue among the four regions, which are geographically and resource-wise uneven, has been a difficult task, particularly in the absence of democratically elected representatives of the regions. The National Finance Commission (NFC) is a platform where the federal government and four regions agree on a formula to share out federally collected financial resources between the federation and the four regions. Since the creation of the 1973 constitution, six awards have been distributed and all of them on the basis of population. Nevertheless, it has always been difficult to achieve consensus of all the regions on the distribution of the awards. The 6th NFC award went into effect in July 2000 for a time span of five years. According to this award, out of the total revenue distributed among the regions, 57.88 per cent of the total revenue went to Punjab, 23.28 per cent to Sindh, 13.54 per cent to NWFP and 5.3 per cent to Balochistan, (MoF, 2005).
Currently, the distribution of the revenue among the four regions in the next NFC award has become such a hot issue that even the dummy regional governments have been forced to take a stance, at least publicly, on the behalf of their regions. Nevertheless, while stating their concerns about the distribution of the revenue, the chief ministers of the four regions have not forgotten to assert openly that they have full confidence in President General Musharraf for a judicious NFC Award (Khokar, 2005). The Punjab government wants the existing formula to go on for another five years. However, the governments of NWFP, Sindh and Balochistan want to review the basis of allocation because the distribution of revenue on the basis of population disadvantages the smaller regions—particularly Balochistan—which have lower population densities than Punjab (see Table 2.6 in Chapter 2). Sindh wants revenue generation to be the basis; NWFP desires the population and backwardness of the region to be the basis, and the resource rich and the vastest region of Pakistan—Balochistan—wants area of the region, share of natural resources and the level of development to be the basis of the revenue allocation. Suggestions from the three smaller regions also include the amplification of the share of the smaller regions at the cost of the bigger region, Punjab (Khokar, 2005).
Distribution of Water
The scarcity and low quality of water, particularly in the Southern Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and NWFP, is one of the most serious challenges facing Pakistan. According to the World Bank (2002a), the scarcity of water is so serious in the rural areas of these regions that people and animals drink the same brackish water and around 20 per cent of deaths of children are caused by water-borne diseases. Not surprisingly, the distribution of water among the regions of Pakistan has always been a serious and unresolved issue.
Currently, the water stored in the dams of Pakistan is distributed among the regions in accordance with the Indus Water Apportionment Accord 1991, which was prepared by the democratically elected federal and regional governments in 1991. According to the
285
water distribution formula in the Accord, Punjab receives 47.65 per cent, Sindh receives 41.55 per cent, NWFP receives 7.50 per cent and Balochistan receives 3.30 per cent of the stored water every year. However, the Accord allows for changes in the water shares of the regions, taking into consideration the water shortages caused by natural disasters, such as droughts. The Indus River System Authority (IRSA)—which has been established under the Accord and has members from the four regions—meets before the irrigation periods each year and decides about the share of each region in the stored water. However, the flexibility in the Accord has become a bone of contention because it makes consensus of the members, particularly from Sindh and Punjab, very hard to achieve.
In addition, because of silting in the riverbed and existing reservoirs, the reduction in water supply in the coming years is likely to create havoc in the country. It has been estimated that in around 10 years Pakistan will need at least one big dam on the country’s main river Indus in order to meet the demand (Rashid, 2005). The current military government is pursuing vigorously the construction of a dam on the Indus River at Kalabagh. The government asserts that the dam is ‘inevitable for the nation’s survival’: not only will it provide ample water resources for irrigation but it will also supply water for hydro-electricity (Rashid, 2005). However, regardless of the full control of the military on Pakistan, it does not seem possible to have a consensus on the issue.
Politicians and experts in the smaller regions argue that the dam at Kalabagh will deprive the southern region of Sindh of its share of water. More importantly, the reduction in the flow of water in the river will increase the penetration of sea water in Sindh, increasing the salinity and waterlogging which is already highest in Sindh (see Table 2.7 in Chapter 2). NWFP considers that the construction of the dam will mean that Naushera—one of the largest cities in the region—will have to be submerged and many other areas in the region will face waterlogging (Rashid, 2005). There is also a widespread belief in the masses of the three smaller regions that the construction of the dam is aimed at irrigating the vast plots of land allotted to many in-service and retired army officers. As a result, the current efforts by the Musharraf government have caused violent protests in the smaller regions.
Balochistan Issues As mentioned previously, the distribution of the revenue and water among the four regions is mainly based on the regional population share. Since Balochistan has the lowest population density in Pakistan, the population-based allocation of resources is a serious draw back for Balochistan. As a result, Balochistan’s development record is not something that any Pakistani government can be proud of (Rashid, 2005). The region lacks the necessary infrastructure and indicators of the basic quality of life are abysmal (World Bank, 2002a). For example, tapped drinking water is available to less than 5 per cent of the population (Rashid, 2005). Over the decades, consistent degradation of the region’s water supply system has turned Balochistan into an arid wasteland, adding to local resentment. Ministry of Finance and Planning (2001) points out that the construction of access roads for Balochistan’s thinly-scattered population is the principle requirement for the region’s poverty reduction. Without proper access, people cannot send their children to schools, or take them to public health facilities when in need. Further, livestock raised by a large segment of population is the principal safety net in Balochistan during droughts. However, the acute water shortages also deplete vegetation for livestock grazing (World Bank, 2002a).
286
In contrast to this extreme poverty, the bulk of mineral and natural resources (such as zinc, copper, gold, iron ore, coal, marble and natural gas) are located in Balochistan (World Bank, 2002a).104 As a result, the masses in Balochistan feel that Balochistan’s natural resources have been exploited by the military governments dominated by people from the region of Punjab. For example, the town of Sui in Balochistan is the largest supplier of natural gas in Pakistan. But the capital of Balochistan (Quetta) was the last major Pakistani city to be connected to the national Sui gas grid. The town of Sui itself has not been provided with the Sui gas as yet. Gungoo (2004) estimates that Balochistan supplies natural gas worth Rs365 billion per annum but receives only Rs3 billion in the gas royalty. Gungoo (2004) also argues that 75 per cent of the profit from the excavation of gold in Balochistan is awarded to the federal government, 23 per cent is handed over to China and merely 2 per cent is given to Balochistan.
Moreover, the current military government intends to turn a city of Balochistan, Gwadar, into a major international route for sea traffic in the region, projecting it as the world’s doorway to Central Asia. The development of Gwadar has raised serious concerns among the Balochis. It is an open secret in Pakistan that most of the plots in Gwadar have been allotted to the military officers and the landowning politicians from Punjab and Sindh. In addition, the majority of the people employed for the development of Gwadar are from other regions, particularly Punjab. Balochistan has a small population and the politicians and the masses in Balochistan are worried that if the migration of the people from the other regions to Balochistan continues, the Balochis will become a minority in their own region.
Finally, the Musharraf government wants to expand its military barracks in Balochistan but the Balochis are opposed to the increased presence of the Punjabi-based military. Unfortunately, instead of initiating a dialogue with Balochistan, the unrest in Balochistan has always been quelled by military operations (in 1967 and 1974). The same story is being repeated in 2005-06, as a military operation is being conducted to suppress the resistance of the Balochis. On this occasion, however, a resistance group has emerged calling itself the Balochistan Liberation Army. This group has carried out several armed attacks on the military in 2005 and 2006.105 Most of the Pakistani analysts agree that the current invasion of Balochistan is likely to have serious percussions for the solidarity of Pakistan in the future.
104 According to World Bank (2002a), the mineral resources can, under conservative assumptions, potentially contribute annual foreign exchange earnings of $US1.7 billion or 3 per cent of GDP. However, mineral exploitation contributes barely 0.4 per cent of GDP at present. The main reasons for the missed opportunities, among others, are lack of supporting infrastructure and perception of political and security risk associated with the geographic location of the mineral resources, Balochistan. 105 Embarrassingly, the current clashes between the military and the Balochis were sparked by the rape of a Sindhi lady doctor (Shazia Khalid) in the southern part of Balochistan in 2005. A Punjabi army officer was accused of the crime. But the government declared the officer innocent and eventually made the doctor leave Pakistan, which led to violent clashes between the Balochi tribesmen and the military/paramilitary forces in which many people died (Abbas, 2005a).
APP
EN
DIX
3.1
: C
GE
ST
UD
IES
ON
PA
KIS
TA
N
Tab
le A
3.1a
: Su
mm
ary
of C
GE
Stu
dies
on
Paki
stan
N
o.
Aut
hor
Supp
ly S
ide
Dem
and
Side
M
ain
Dat
abas
e Po
licy
Focu
s Si
mul
atio
ns
Res
ults
C
omm
ents
(if
app
licab
le)
Prod
uctio
n Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of
Sect
ors
Dem
and
Func
tions
N
o. o
f sec
tors
1 M
cCat
hy
and
Tayl
or
(198
0)
Nes
ted
Cob
b-D
ougl
as
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns.
11
LES
dem
and
syst
em.
6 (B
ased
on
inco
me
leve
ls
in ru
ral a
nd
urba
n ar
eas.)
SAM
for 1
975-
76.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Impa
ct o
f fo
od p
olic
ies
on h
ouse
hold
s w
ith d
iffer
ent
inco
mes
.
The
shor
t-run
impa
cts o
f foo
d si
tuat
ions
und
er th
e fo
llow
ing
seve
n po
licy
scen
ario
s are
es
timat
ed:
1) R
emov
al o
f whe
at su
bsid
y on
co
nsum
ptio
n.
2) A
10
per c
ent i
ncre
ase
in
nom
inal
wag
es.
3) A
com
preh
ensi
ve la
nd re
form
. 4)
A 5
0 pe
r cen
t inc
reas
e in
the
ferti
liser
subs
idy.
5)
A 1
0 pe
r cen
t inc
reas
e in
go
vern
men
t pur
chas
e of
rura
l in
dust
ry p
rodu
ctio
n.
6) A
10
per c
ent i
ncre
ase
in
gove
rnm
ent p
urch
ase
of u
rban
in
dust
ry p
rodu
ctio
n.
7) R
emov
al o
f whe
at su
bsid
y w
ith in
crea
se in
gov
ernm
ent
purc
hase
of u
rban
indu
stry
pr
oduc
tion.
The
land
refo
rm p
olic
y is
th
e m
ost b
enef
icia
l foo
d re
dist
ribut
ion
mea
sure
for
the
poor
(the
rura
l low
in
com
e cl
ass)
.
No
sens
itivi
ty a
naly
sis o
f th
e ke
y el
astic
ity
para
met
ers h
as b
een
unde
rtake
n to
eva
luat
e th
e ro
bust
ness
of t
he
resu
lts.
2 D
hana
ni
(198
8)
Nes
ted
CES
pr
oduc
tion
func
tions
.
9 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
4 (B
ased
on
inco
me
leve
ls
in ru
ral a
nd
urba
n ar
eas.)
SAM
for 1
983-
84.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Effe
cts o
f ch
ange
s in
inve
stm
ent,
gove
rnm
ent
expe
nditu
re,
indi
rect
tax,
w
orld
pric
es
of
man
ufac
ture
s, an
d re
mitt
ance
s on
pove
rty.
The
shor
t-run
impa
cts o
f the
fo
llow
ing
shoc
ks a
re q
uant
ified
: 1)
An
incr
ease
in in
vest
men
t of
20 p
er c
ent.
2) A
n in
crea
se in
gov
ernm
ent
expe
nditu
re e
quiv
alen
t to
the
inve
stm
ent i
ncre
ase
in
sim
ulat
ion
1.
3) I
ncre
ases
of 1
0 an
d 20
per
cen
t in
the
indi
rect
tax
levi
ed o
n th
e la
rge-
scal
e m
anuf
actu
ring
sect
or.
4) A
n in
crea
se in
wor
ld p
rices
of
man
ufac
turin
g go
ods b
y 20
per
ce
nt.
5) A
dro
p in
fore
ign
rem
ittan
ces
by 2
0 pe
r cen
t.
The
resu
lts su
gges
t tha
t po
licie
s 1 a
nd 2
hav
e st
rong
favo
urab
le im
pact
on
GD
P, e
mpl
oym
ent a
nd
cons
umpt
ion.
How
ever
, po
licy
2 is
less
favo
urab
le
for t
he p
oore
st in
dica
ting
an u
rban
bia
s in
the
gove
rnm
ent s
pend
ing.
By
cont
rast
, the
shoc
ks in
si
mul
atio
ns 3
, 4 a
nd 5
hav
e un
favo
urab
le e
ffec
ts o
n th
e ec
onom
y, w
ith th
e po
ores
t re
lativ
ely
mor
e af
fect
ed b
y th
e sh
ock
in si
mul
atio
n 4.
A se
nsiti
vity
ana
lysi
s of
the
key
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s has
bee
n un
derta
ken,
indi
catin
g th
at th
e m
odel
resu
lts a
re
not s
ensi
tive
to c
hang
es
in th
e pa
ram
eter
s.
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
3 La
bus
(198
8)
Not
spec
ified
. N
ot
spec
ified
. N
ot
spec
ified
. N
ot sp
ecifi
ed
SAM
for 1
975-
76.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Fisc
al p
olic
y an
d pu
blic
se
ctor
en
terp
rises
.
The
impa
ct o
f the
follo
win
g po
licy
scen
ario
is u
nder
take
n:
fisca
l pol
icy
cont
ract
ion
acco
mpa
nied
by
liftin
g go
vern
men
t pric
e co
ntro
ls.
Ove
rall
resu
lts sh
ow th
at
thes
e po
licie
s red
uce
pric
es, i
mpr
ove
expo
rts,
curr
ent a
ccou
nt b
alan
ce
and
real
GD
P. M
oreo
ver,
the
loss
es o
f pub
lic se
ctor
en
terp
rises
are
con
verte
d in
to p
rofit
s.
The
mod
el a
nd it
s res
ults
ha
ve n
ot b
een
expl
aine
d cl
early
. N
o se
nsiti
vity
ana
lysi
s of
the
key
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s has
bee
n un
derta
ken
to e
valu
ate
the
robu
stne
ss o
f the
re
sults
.
4 Fe
ltens
tein
an
d Sh
ah
(199
3)
Nes
ted
Cob
b-D
ougl
as
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns.
7 D
eriv
ed
from
C
obb-
Dou
glas
ut
ility
fu
nctio
ns.
2 (U
rban
and
ru
ral
cons
umer
s.)
I-O
tabl
e fo
r 198
1.
(Par
amet
er v
alue
s w
ere
take
n fr
om
diff
eren
t stu
dies
.)
Tax
on
inve
stm
ent
and
capi
tal
form
atio
n.
The
follo
win
g tw
o si
mul
atio
ns a
re
carr
ied
out:
1) I
nves
tmen
t tax
cre
dit i
s in
crea
sed
from
15
per c
ent t
o 30
pe
r cen
t in
the
first
yea
r of
sim
ulat
ion.
2)
Sta
tuto
ry c
orpo
rate
tax
rate
is
redu
ced
from
55
per c
ent t
o 30
pe
r cen
t in
the
seco
nd y
ear o
f si
mul
atio
n.
Red
uctio
ns in
the
corp
orat
e ta
x ra
tes s
eem
to
be su
perio
r to
incr
ease
d in
vest
men
t tax
cre
dits
as
inst
rum
ents
for p
rom
otin
g ca
pita
l for
mat
ion.
In
parti
cula
r, cu
ts in
cor
pora
te
taxe
s pro
duce
out
com
e th
at
are
wel
fare
supe
rior (
for
both
rura
l and
urb
an
cons
umer
s) to
thos
e th
at
occu
r with
the
inve
stm
ent
tax
cred
it in
crea
se.
The
degr
ee o
f inc
reas
e in
in
vest
men
t tax
cre
dit a
nd
the
exte
nt o
f red
uctio
n in
st
atut
ory
corp
orat
e ta
x ra
te a
re a
rbitr
ary.
The
ar
bitra
ry c
hang
es in
the
two
inst
rum
ents
seem
to
be in
adeq
uate
to c
ompa
re
thei
r use
fuln
ess.
The
re
sults
cou
ld b
e di
ffer
ent
if di
ffer
ent l
evel
s of
chan
ge w
ere
appl
ied
to
both
the
inst
rum
ents
. A
sens
itivi
ty a
naly
sis o
f th
e ke
y el
astic
ity
para
met
ers h
as n
ot b
een
unde
rtake
n.
28
8
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
5 N
aqvi
(1
997)
N
este
d pr
oduc
tion
func
tions
with
C
ES a
nd
Leon
tief n
ests
.
128
(How
ever
, th
ese
sect
ors a
re
aggr
egat
ed
into
10
sect
ors i
n th
e m
odel
.)
LES
dem
and
syst
em.
14
(Bas
ed o
n 2
regi
ons:
urb
an
and
rura
l; 3
type
s of
empl
oym
ent
stat
us; a
nd 3
in
com
e le
vels
: lo
w, m
iddl
e an
d hi
gh.)
SAM
for 1
983-
84.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Ener
gy p
olic
y an
d eq
uity
. Th
e sh
ort-r
un im
pact
s of t
he
follo
win
g po
licy
optio
ns a
re
estim
ated
: 1)
Rem
ovin
g so
urce
-di
scrim
inat
ion
taxe
s on
petro
leum
pr
oduc
ts.
2) M
akin
g sa
les t
ax ra
tes o
n pe
trole
um p
rodu
cts u
nifo
rm.
3) R
emov
ing
sour
ce- a
nd
prod
uct-d
iscr
imin
atin
g ta
x ra
tes
on p
etro
leum
pro
duct
s. 4)
Rev
enue
-neu
tral r
efor
ms f
or
sour
ce- a
nd p
rodu
ct-
disc
rimin
atin
g ta
xes o
n pe
trole
um
prod
ucts
. 5)
Rev
enue
-neu
tral r
efor
ms o
f us
er-d
iscr
imin
atin
g ta
xes o
n el
ectri
city
. 6)
Cum
ulat
ive
effe
cts o
f rev
enue
-ne
utra
l ref
orm
s of u
ser-
disc
rimin
atin
g ta
xes o
n na
tura
l ga
s.
In sh
ort,
the
resu
lts sh
ow
that
ker
osen
e is
the
best
ca
ndid
ate
to in
crea
se ta
x re
venu
es w
hen
soci
al
equi
ty is
not
con
side
red.
In
con
trast
, inc
reas
e in
tax
on k
eros
ene
is le
ast
desi
rabl
e as
it is
not
be
nefic
ial f
or th
e lo
w-
inco
me
grou
p. F
inal
ly,
natu
ral g
as is
the
best
ca
ndid
ate
to in
crea
se ta
x re
venu
e w
hile
hav
ing
min
imum
wel
fare
cos
t.
No
sens
itivi
ty a
naly
sis o
f th
e ke
y el
astic
ity
para
met
ers h
as b
een
unde
rtake
n to
eva
luat
e th
e ro
bust
ness
of t
he
resu
lts.
28
9
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
6 V
os (1
998)
N
este
d C
ES
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns.
6 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
Not
spec
ified
. SA
M fo
r 198
3-84
. (T
he e
last
icity
pa
ram
eter
s are
ob
tain
ed fr
om th
e ex
istin
g ec
onom
etric
stud
ies
on P
akis
tan,
val
ues
assu
med
in C
GE
mod
els f
or o
ther
de
velo
ping
co
untri
es, a
nd
gues
stim
ates
.)
Dut
ch d
isea
se.
Ana
lysi
s of t
he D
utch
dis
ease
ef
fect
s is u
nder
take
n un
der s
ix
scen
ario
s:
1) A
50
per c
ent i
ncre
ase
in
fore
ign
gran
ts.
2) A
s 1, w
ith g
over
nmen
t co
nsum
ptio
n fr
ozen
(nam
ed
‘fis
cal a
djus
tmen
t 1’)
. 3)
An
incr
ease
in c
once
ssio
nal
lend
ing
(allo
cate
d th
roug
h st
ate-
owne
d de
velo
pmen
t ban
ks) t
o th
e sa
me
amou
nt a
s the
incr
ease
in
fore
ign
gran
ts.
4) A
5 p
er c
ent d
eval
uatio
n of
the
exch
ange
rate
. 5)
Fis
cal a
djus
tmen
t 2—
a re
duct
ion
in g
over
nmen
t co
nsum
ptio
n ac
com
pani
ed b
y an
in
crea
se in
gov
ernm
ent
inve
stm
ent.
6) F
isca
l adj
ustm
ent 2
com
bine
d w
ith d
ebt r
elie
f in
the
form
of a
50
per
cen
t red
uctio
n in
the
1984
le
vel g
over
nmen
t ext
erna
l deb
t.
The
resu
lts sh
ow th
at th
e gr
owth
of P
akis
tan’
s ec
onom
y w
as n
ot fo
reig
n ex
chan
ge c
onst
rain
ed
durin
g th
e 19
80s.
Rat
her,
they
indi
cate
that
ad
ditio
nal f
orei
gn
assi
stan
ce (p
artic
ular
ly, i
n th
e fo
rm o
f gra
nts)
wou
ld
gene
rate
stro
ng D
utch
di
seas
e ef
fect
s and
hen
ce
wou
ld c
ount
erac
t stru
ctur
al
adju
stm
ent p
olic
ies i
n pu
rsui
t of g
reat
er
com
petit
iven
ess a
nd a
n ex
pans
ion
of tr
adab
le-
good
s pro
duct
ion.
The
re
sults
als
o su
gges
t tha
t su
ch u
ndes
irabl
e se
ctor
al
adju
stm
ent f
rom
aid
in
flow
s can
be
miti
gate
d if
fore
ign
assi
stan
ce is
pr
ovid
ed th
roug
h lo
ans t
o de
velo
pmen
t ban
ks, w
hich
su
ppor
t tra
dabl
e go
ods
prod
uctio
n th
roug
h lif
ting
budg
et c
onst
rain
ts o
n in
vest
men
t of h
ouse
hold
fir
ms.
A se
nsiti
vity
ana
lysi
s of
the
key
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s has
not
bee
n un
derta
ken.
29
0
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
7 Si
ddiq
ui e
t al
. (19
99)
Cob
b-D
ougl
as
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns fo
r va
lue
adde
d an
d th
e Le
ontie
f te
chno
logy
be
twee
n in
term
edia
te
and
valu
e ad
ded
and
also
with
in
inte
rmed
iarie
s.
5 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
8 (F
our i
ncom
e gr
oups
are
id
entif
ied
both
in
the
rura
l and
ur
ban
area
s.)
SAM
for 1
989-
90.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
and
inco
me
dist
ribut
ion.
The
follo
win
g si
mul
atio
n is
ca
rrie
d ou
t: a
n 80
per
cen
t re
duct
ion
in ta
riffs
on
indu
stria
l im
ports
.
The
resu
lts in
dica
te w
hile
th
e in
com
e of
eac
h ho
useh
old
grou
p de
clin
es,
the
redu
ctio
n in
the
inco
me
of th
e lo
wes
t inc
ome
grou
p is
the
larg
est.
As a
resu
lt,
the
gap
betw
een
the
poor
an
d th
e ric
h is
exp
ecte
d to
in
crea
se a
fter t
he sh
ock.
In
add
ition
, gov
ernm
ent
reve
nue
falls
, pub
lic d
efic
it in
crea
ses a
nd e
ffec
t on
capi
tal f
orm
atio
n be
com
es
nega
tive.
Firs
tly, t
he S
AM
is h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
. It
has o
nly
5 pr
oduc
tion
sect
ors:
ag
ricul
ture
, ind
ustry
, ot
hers
, hea
lth a
nd
educ
atio
n. R
educ
ing
tarif
fs o
n on
e of
thes
e ag
greg
ated
sect
ors
indu
stry
is u
nlik
ely
to
capt
ure
the
actu
al in
ter-
sect
oral
link
ages
in th
e ec
onom
y. S
econ
dly,
the
sim
ulat
ion
resu
lts d
o no
t sh
ow th
e im
pact
of t
he
tarif
f cut
s on
expo
rts.
Third
ly, t
he S
AM
doe
s no
t hav
e an
ac
com
pany
ing
impo
rt m
atrix
. A
naly
sing
trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
with
out a
n ex
plic
it im
port
mat
rix
shed
s dou
bts o
n th
e qu
ality
and
relia
bilit
y of
th
e re
sults
. Fo
urth
ly, i
t is
not c
lear
from
the
clos
ure
whe
ther
the
sim
ulat
ion
has b
een
carr
ied
out f
or
the
shor
t-run
or t
he lo
ng-
run.
Fin
ally
, a se
nsiti
vity
an
alys
is o
f the
key
el
astic
ity p
aram
eter
s has
no
t bee
n un
derta
ken.
29
1
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
8 Si
ddiq
ui
and
Iqba
l (2
001)
Cob
b-D
ougl
as
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns fo
r va
lue
adde
d an
d th
e Le
ontie
f te
chno
logy
be
twee
n in
term
edia
te
and
valu
e ad
ded
and
also
with
in
inte
rmed
iarie
s.
5 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
1 SA
M fo
r 198
9-90
. (T
he e
last
icity
pa
ram
eter
s are
ob
tain
ed fr
om th
e ex
istin
g ec
onom
etric
stud
ies
on P
akis
tan,
val
ues
assu
med
in C
GE
mod
els f
or o
ther
de
velo
ping
co
untri
es, a
nd
gues
stim
ates
.)
Trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
and
hous
ehol
d in
com
e.
The
follo
win
g si
mul
atio
n is
pe
rfor
med
: A
n 80
per
cen
t re
duct
ion
in ta
riffs
on
indu
stria
l im
ports
.
Hou
seho
ld in
com
e in
crea
ses i
n re
al te
rms;
pr
ices
fall;
all
expo
rts
incr
ease
; lab
our d
eman
d an
d ou
tput
dec
line
in th
e in
dust
ry a
nd th
e ot
hers
se
ctor
s but
incr
ease
in th
e re
mai
ning
3 se
ctor
s (a
gric
ultu
re, h
ealth
and
ed
ucat
ion)
; con
sum
ptio
n fo
r tra
dabl
e go
ods
incr
ease
s but
dec
reas
es fo
r no
n-tra
dabl
e go
ods;
go
vern
men
t rev
enue
and
in
vest
men
t dec
line.
Firs
tly, t
he re
sults
abo
ut
hous
ehol
d in
com
e ar
e co
ntra
dict
ory
to th
e re
sults
of S
iddi
qui e
t al.
(199
9), w
hich
find
s tha
t th
e in
com
e of
eac
h ho
useh
old
grou
p de
clin
es.
In p
artic
ular
, the
co
ntra
dict
ion
has
appe
ared
des
pite
the
use
of th
e sa
me
data
base
and
m
odel
by
both
the
stud
ies.
Sec
ondl
y, th
e pr
oduc
tion
sect
ors a
re
high
ly a
ggre
gate
d,
adve
rsel
y af
fect
ing
the
mod
el’s
cap
abili
ty to
ca
ptur
e th
e ac
tual
inte
r-se
ctor
al li
nkag
es in
the
econ
omy.
Thi
s red
uces
th
e ac
cura
cy a
nd
usef
ulne
ss o
f the
indu
stry
re
sults
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e ex
port
resu
lts a
re h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
and
do
not
show
the
impa
ct o
f the
ta
riff r
educ
tions
on
mai
n ex
ports
, par
ticul
arly
the
cotto
n, c
loth
ing
and
text
ile re
late
d ex
ports
. Th
irdly
, the
SA
M d
oes
not h
ave
an
acco
mpa
nyin
g im
port
mat
rix.
Four
thly
, it i
s not
cl
ear f
rom
the
clos
ure
whe
ther
the
sim
ulat
ion
has b
een
carr
ied
out f
or
the
shor
t-run
or t
he lo
ng-
run.
Fin
ally
, a se
nsiti
vity
an
alys
is o
f the
key
el
astic
ity p
aram
eter
s has
no
t bee
n un
derta
ken.
29
2
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
9 K
emal
et a
l. (2
001)
C
ES p
rodu
ctio
n fu
nctio
ns fo
r va
lue
adde
d an
d th
e Le
ontie
f te
chno
logy
be
twee
n in
term
edia
te
and
valu
e ad
ded
and
also
with
in
inte
rmed
iarie
s.
5 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
8 (F
our i
ncom
e gr
oups
are
id
entif
ied
both
in
the
rura
l and
ur
ban
area
s.)
SAM
for 1
989-
90.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
and
inco
me
dist
ribut
ion.
Thre
e in
depe
nden
t sim
ulat
ions
are
ru
n: r
educ
tion
in th
e ta
riff r
ate
on
indu
stria
l im
ports
by
40 p
er c
ent,
60 p
er c
ent a
nd 8
0 pe
r cen
t.
The
tarif
f red
uctio
n in
crea
ses m
argi
nally
the
gap
betw
een
the
rich
and
the
poor
bot
h in
the
urba
n an
d ru
ral a
reas
. Fo
r in
stan
ce, t
he re
sults
of t
he
80 p
er c
ent r
educ
tion
in
tarif
f ind
icat
e.
• In
urb
an a
reas
, the
in
com
e sh
are
of th
e lo
wes
t inc
ome
hous
ehol
d gr
oup
decl
ines
from
3.6
4 pe
r cen
t to
3.63
per
ce
nt a
nd th
e sh
are
of
the
high
est i
ncom
e gr
oup
incr
ease
s fro
m
46.7
7 to
46.
90.
• In
rura
l are
as, i
ncom
e sh
are
of th
e lo
wes
t in
com
e ho
useh
old
grou
p de
clin
es fr
om
10.2
9 pe
r cen
t to
10.2
7 pe
r cen
t and
th
e sh
are
of th
e hi
ghes
t inc
ome
grou
p in
crea
ses f
rom
36.
82
to 3
6.84
. M
oreo
ver,
pric
es fa
ll;
expo
rts in
crea
se; l
abou
r de
man
d an
d ou
tput
dec
line
in th
e in
dust
ry a
nd th
e ot
hers
sect
ors b
ut in
crea
se
in th
e re
mai
ning
3 se
ctor
s (a
gric
ultu
re, h
ealth
and
ed
ucat
ion)
; con
sum
ptio
n fo
r tra
dabl
e go
ods
incr
ease
s but
dec
reas
es fo
r no
n-tra
dabl
e go
ods;
go
vern
men
t rev
enue
and
in
vest
men
t dec
line.
Th
e co
ntrib
utio
ns o
f ag
ricul
ture
, hea
lth a
nd
Mos
t lim
itatio
ns o
f Si
ddiq
ui a
nd Iq
bal (
2001
) al
so a
pply
to th
is st
udy.
29
3
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
educ
atio
n to
GD
P in
crea
se
and
the
shar
es o
f the
in
dust
ry a
nd th
e ot
hers
se
ctor
s dec
line.
Fi
nally
, con
sum
ptio
n of
ea
ch h
ouse
hold
gro
up
incr
ease
s (th
ough
pr
ogre
ssiv
ely)
, im
plyi
ng
the
tarif
f red
uctio
n ha
s a
wel
fare
enh
anci
ng im
pact
on
hou
seho
lds.
29
4
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
10
Taka
aki
and
Kha
n (2
001)
Nes
ted
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns w
ith
CES
and
Le
ontie
f nes
ts.
8 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
1 I-
O T
able
has
bee
n de
rived
from
the
GTA
P 4
data
base
.
Econ
omic
im
pact
of a
ne
w
inte
rreg
iona
l ro
ad tr
ansp
ort
netw
ork.
The
follo
win
g tw
o si
mul
atio
ns a
re
carr
ied
out:
1) C
onst
ruct
ion
of a
new
road
tra
nspo
rt ne
twor
k fr
om K
arac
hi to
La
hore
(cas
e 1)
. 2)
Con
stru
ctio
n of
a n
ew ro
ad
trans
port
netw
ork
from
Kar
achi
to
Pesh
awar
(cas
e 2)
.
It is
foun
d th
at th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
a n
ew ro
ad
trans
port
netw
ork
will
ch
ange
the
indu
stria
l st
ruct
ure
(esp
ecia
lly
man
ufac
turin
g) in
Pun
jab
and
NW
FP.
Mos
t of t
he
econ
omic
ben
efits
—es
timat
ed in
term
s of
equi
vale
nt v
aria
tion
(EV
), w
hich
is a
mea
sure
of t
he
chan
ge in
util
ity—
also
ap
pear
in P
unja
b an
d N
WPF
. A
com
paris
on o
f th
e tw
o ca
ses i
ndic
ates
that
ca
se 2
is m
ore
appr
opria
te
in te
rms o
f the
eco
nom
ic
bene
fits i
mpu
ted
for e
ach
regi
on.
The
qual
ity o
f the
da
taba
se u
sed
for t
his
mod
el is
ext
rem
ely
unsa
tisfa
ctor
y. T
he I-
O
tabl
e of
Pak
ista
n is
co
nstru
cted
from
the
GTA
P 4
data
base
. H
owev
er, d
ata
are
not
avai
labl
e in
the
GTA
P 4
data
base
for P
akis
tan
indi
vidu
ally
, and
hen
ce
the
aggr
egat
ed re
sidu
al
data
base
for t
he re
st o
f So
uth
Asi
a ha
s bee
n us
ed,
whi
ch c
ompr
ises
Pa
kist
an, N
epal
, Bhu
tan,
M
aldi
ves a
nd
Ban
glad
esh.
Thi
s re
sidu
al d
atab
ase
is
unlik
ely
to re
flect
the
unde
rlyin
g st
ruct
ure
of
Paki
stan
’s e
cono
my.
Th
e m
odel
is o
f lim
ited
valu
e in
term
s of
mic
roec
onom
ic re
sults
be
caus
e its
dat
abas
e is
hi
ghly
agg
rega
ted,
id
entif
ying
onl
y ei
ght
prod
uctio
n se
ctor
s.
The
mod
el e
stim
ates
for
each
regi
on th
e im
pact
on
: tra
nspo
rt co
st, o
utpu
t of
the
prod
uctio
n se
ctor
s;
rent
al p
rice
of la
nd,
labo
ur p
rice,
pro
duce
rs’
pric
e an
d co
nsum
ers’
pr
ice.
How
ever
, it d
oes
not p
rovi
de th
e im
pact
on
som
e im
porta
nt
mac
roec
onom
ic v
aria
bles
, su
ch a
s agg
rega
te re
al
cons
umpt
ion,
agg
rega
te
29
5
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
real
inve
stm
ent,
aggr
egat
e re
al
gove
rnm
ent e
xpen
ditu
re,
the
bala
nce
of tr
ade,
and
m
oven
ts in
the
exch
ange
ra
te a
nd th
e te
rms o
f tra
de.
It
appe
ars t
hat a
long
-run
cl
osur
e ha
s bee
n us
ed b
ut
ther
e is
no
expl
icit
info
rmat
ion
on th
e cl
osur
e of
the
mod
el.
A se
nsiti
vity
ana
lysi
s of
the
key
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s has
not
bee
n un
derta
ken.
29
6
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
11
Sidd
iqui
an
d K
emal
(2
002)
CES
pro
duct
ion
func
tions
for
valu
e ad
ded
and
the
Leon
tief
tech
nolo
gy
betw
een
inte
rmed
iate
an
d va
lue
adde
d an
d al
so w
ithin
in
term
edia
ries.
11
LES
dem
and
syst
em.
10
(Fiv
e gr
oups
ar
e id
entif
ied
by p
rofe
ssio
n bo
th in
the
rura
l and
urb
an
area
s.)
SAM
for 1
989-
90.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Rem
ittan
ces,
trade
lib
eral
isat
ion
and
pove
rty.
The
follo
win
g tw
o si
mul
atio
ns a
re
run:
1)
A 5
5 pe
r cen
t red
uctio
n in
ta
riff r
ate
on a
ll im
ports
. 2)
A 5
5 pe
r cen
t red
uctio
n in
ta
riff r
ate
on a
ll im
ports
ac
com
pani
ed b
y a
decl
ine
in
fore
ign
rem
ittan
ces o
f 44
per c
ent.
1) I
n th
e fir
st si
mul
atio
n,
pove
rty is
redu
ced
by a
ll in
dica
tors
—he
ad c
ount
, po
verty
gap
and
seve
rity
ratio
s (F-
G-T
)—in
bot
h th
e ru
ral a
nd u
rban
are
as.
How
ever
, pov
erty
is
redu
ced
by a
larg
er
perc
enta
ge fo
r urb
an
hous
ehol
ds th
an ru
ral
hous
ehol
ds.
Hen
ce,
inco
me
ineq
ualit
y in
crea
ses.
2) I
n th
e se
cond
si
mul
atio
n, p
over
ty
incr
ease
s acc
ordi
ng to
all
F-G
-T in
dica
tors
in u
rban
ho
useh
olds
but
not
in ru
ral
hous
ehol
ds.
Inco
me
ineq
ualit
y in
crea
ses u
nder
th
is sc
enar
io to
o.
3) E
xpor
ts in
crea
se u
nder
bo
th th
e si
mul
atio
ns.
The
SAM
is st
ill h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
. It
has o
nly
11 se
ctor
s: c
rop,
non
-cr
op, m
inin
g, fo
od,
text
ile, c
hem
ical
s, m
achi
nery
, oth
er
man
ufac
turin
g, o
ther
tra
de se
ctor
1, o
ther
trad
e se
ctor
2, a
nd n
on-tr
ade
sect
or.
M
ost l
imita
tions
of
Sidd
iqui
and
Iqba
l (20
01)
also
app
ly to
this
stud
y.
29
7
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
12
Sidd
iqui
an
d K
emal
(2
002a
)
CES
pro
duct
ion
func
tions
for
valu
e ad
ded
and
the
Leon
tief
tech
nolo
gy
betw
een
inte
rmed
iate
an
d va
lue
adde
d an
d al
so w
ithin
in
term
edia
ries.
11
LES
dem
and
syst
em.
10
(Fiv
e gr
oups
ar
e id
entif
ied
by p
rofe
ssio
n bo
th in
the
rura
l and
urb
an
area
s.)
SAM
for 1
989-
90.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Cap
ital
inflo
ws,
trade
lib
eral
isat
ion
and
pove
rty.
The
follo
win
g th
ree
sim
ulat
ions
ar
e ca
rrie
d ou
t: 1)
Inc
reas
e in
fore
ign
capi
tal
inflo
ws (
FKIs
) by
70 p
er c
ent.
2) I
ncre
ase
in F
KIs
by
70 p
er
cent
with
tarif
f elim
inat
ion
on
mac
hine
ry.
3) I
ncre
ase
in F
KIs
by
70 p
er
cent
alo
ng w
ith a
tarif
f red
uctio
n of
80
per c
ent o
n al
l im
ports
.
A n
umbe
r of c
oncl
usio
ns
are
deriv
ed fr
om th
e co
mpa
rison
of t
he re
sults
of
the
3 si
mul
atio
ns.
• Po
verty
redu
ces m
ore
with
FK
Is in
the
pres
ence
of t
ariff
re
duct
ions
. •
Rur
al h
ouse
hold
s ga
in m
ore
than
urb
an
hous
ehol
ds b
y FK
Is
in th
e pr
esen
ce o
f ta
riff c
uts.
• Fr
ee im
port
of
mac
hine
ry b
enef
its
urba
n ho
useh
olds
m
ore
rela
tive
to ru
ral
hous
ehol
ds.
• In
the
pres
ence
of
trade
rest
rictio
ns
(tarif
fs),
FKIs
wid
en
the
wag
e ga
p be
twee
n sk
illed
and
un
skill
ed la
bour
. •
FKIs
acc
ompa
nied
by
tarif
f cut
s ben
efit
unsk
illed
labo
ur
mor
e, re
duci
ng th
e w
age
gap
betw
een
skill
ed a
nd u
nski
lled
labo
ur.
Mos
t lim
itatio
ns o
f Si
ddiq
ui a
nd Iq
bal (
2001
) al
so a
pply
to th
is st
udy.
29
8
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
13
Kem
al e
t al.
(200
3)
CES
pro
duct
ion
func
tions
for
valu
e ad
ded
and
the
Leon
tief
tech
nolo
gy
betw
een
inte
rmed
iate
an
d va
lue
adde
d an
d al
so w
ithin
in
term
edia
ries.
13
LES
dem
and
syst
em.
10
(Urb
an
hous
ehol
ds a
re
grou
ped
into
5
soci
oeco
nom
ic
grou
ps b
y em
ploy
men
t st
atus
; and
5
grou
ps o
f rur
al
hous
ehol
ds a
re
iden
tifie
d by
th
e m
agni
tude
of
the
owne
rshi
p of
la
nd.)
SAM
for 1
989-
90.
(The
ela
stic
ity
para
met
ers a
re
obta
ined
from
the
exis
ting
econ
omet
ric st
udie
s on
Pak
ista
n, v
alue
s as
sum
ed in
CG
E m
odel
s for
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
, and
gu
esst
imat
es.)
Trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
and
wel
fare
.
The
follo
win
g si
mul
atio
ns a
re
carr
ied
out:
1) G
row
th o
f 5 p
er c
ent p
er
annu
m.
2) R
educ
ing
quot
as o
n im
ports
of
elec
tric
equi
pmen
t and
non
-el
ectri
c an
d tra
nspo
rt eq
uipm
ent.
3) R
educ
ing
tarif
fs o
n al
l im
ports
. 4)
Rem
ovin
g qu
otas
and
redu
cing
ta
riffs
on
impo
rts.
The
mos
t im
porta
nt
findi
ng is
that
trad
e lib
eral
isat
ion
achi
eved
by
rem
ovin
g qu
otas
and
re
duci
ng ta
riffs
incr
ease
s w
elfa
re o
f alm
ost e
very
ho
useh
old
grou
p.
In u
rban
are
as, e
mpl
oyed
ho
useh
olds
gai
ns m
ore
rela
tive
to th
e ot
her
hous
ehol
ds (e
mpl
oyer
; se
lf-em
ploy
ed; a
gric
ultu
ral
hous
ehol
ds; a
nd u
ndef
ined
ho
useh
olds
). In
rura
l are
as, h
ouse
hold
s w
ith n
o la
nd a
nd
hous
ehol
ds w
ith th
e hi
ghes
t lan
d ho
ldin
g ga
in
less
in c
ompa
rison
with
m
ediu
m-s
ize
land
hold
ers.
The
SAM
is st
ill h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
. It
cont
ains
on
ly 1
3 pr
oduc
tion
sect
ors:
whe
at, m
ajor
cr
ops,
min
or c
rops
, non
-cr
op, m
inin
g, c
onsu
mer
, te
xtile
, pet
role
um,
elec
trica
l equ
ipm
ent,
non-
elec
tric
equi
pmen
t, ot
her
man
ufac
turin
g, o
ther
tra
de se
ctor
, and
oth
er
non-
trade
sect
or.
A se
nsiti
vity
ana
lysi
s of
the
key
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s ind
icat
es th
at
the
resu
lts a
re se
nsiti
ve to
ch
ange
s in
the
elas
ticity
pa
ram
eter
s. M
any
limita
tions
of
Sidd
iqui
and
Iqba
l (20
01)
also
app
ly to
this
stud
y.
14
Taka
aki
and
Kha
n (2
004)
Nes
ted
prod
uctio
n fu
nctio
ns w
ith
CES
and
Le
ontie
f nes
ts.
8 LE
S de
man
d sy
stem
.
1 I-
O ta
ble
has b
een
deriv
ed fr
om th
e G
TAP
4 da
taba
se.
Econ
omic
and
en
viro
nmen
tal
impa
cts o
f a
new
in
terr
egio
nal
road
tran
spor
t ne
twor
k.
The
follo
win
g tw
o si
mul
atio
ns a
re
run:
1)
Con
stru
ctio
n of
a n
ew ro
ad
trans
port
netw
ork
from
Kar
achi
to
Laho
re (c
ase
1).
2) C
onst
ruct
ion
of a
new
road
tra
nspo
rt ne
twor
k fr
om K
arac
hi to
Pe
shaw
ar (c
ase
2).
It is
foun
d th
at th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
new
road
tra
nspo
rt ne
twor
ks w
ill
chan
ge th
e in
dust
rial
stru
ctur
e, e
spec
ially
in
rela
tion
to th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
sect
or.
This
w
ill c
hang
e EV
in e
ach
regi
on.
Mos
t of i
ts
econ
omic
and
en
viro
nmen
tal b
enef
its
appe
ar in
NW
PF.
A
com
paris
on o
f the
two
case
s ind
icat
es th
at c
ase
2 is
mor
e ap
prop
riate
in
term
s of e
cono
mic
ben
efits
an
d C
O2 e
mis
sion
s.
See
limita
tions
co
ncer
ning
Tak
aaki
and
K
han
(200
1).
Mor
eove
r, to
our
kn
owle
dge,
this
stud
y ha
s no
t bee
n pu
blis
hed
in a
jo
urna
l. It
is a
vaila
ble
only
onl
ine,
rais
ing
seve
re d
oubt
s abo
ut it
s au
then
ticity
.
29
9
30
0
No.
A
utho
r Su
pply
Sid
e D
eman
d Si
de
Mai
n D
atab
ase
Polic
y Fo
cus
Sim
ulat
ions
R
esul
ts
Com
men
ts
(if a
pplic
able
)
Pr
oduc
tion
Func
tions
N
o. o
f Se
ctor
s D
eman
d Fu
nctio
ns
No.
of s
ecto
rs
15
Mar
tin e
t al
. (20
04)
Not
spec
ified
. 15
N
ot
spec
ified
. N
ot sp
ecifi
ed.
GTA
P 5.
4 da
taba
se.
Text
ile q
uota
ab
oliti
on.
The
stud
y es
timat
es th
e ex
port
tax
equi
vale
nts o
f quo
tas f
or te
xtile
s an
d cl
othi
ng e
xpor
ts fr
om
Paki
stan
and
the
com
petin
g ex
porti
ng c
ount
ries.
The
n a
glob
al C
GE
mod
el is
use
d to
run
the
follo
win
g si
mul
atio
ns:
1) A
bolit
ion
of th
e qu
otas
aga
inst
Pa
kist
an’s
exp
orts
of t
extil
es a
nd
clot
hing
in th
e U
S, E
U a
nd
Can
ada.
2)
Abo
litio
n of
thes
e qu
otas
ag
ains
t all
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ry
expo
rters
rest
ricte
d by
thes
e qu
otas
.
1) P
akis
tan
bene
fits f
rom
ab
oliti
on o
f its
ow
n qu
otas
, w
ith th
e be
nefit
resu
lting
fr
om im
prov
ed e
ffic
ienc
y of
reso
urce
allo
catio
n in
Pa
kist
an o
utw
eigh
ing
the
loss
of q
uota
rent
s. 2)
Whe
n th
e qu
otas
on
all
othe
r exp
orte
rs a
re
elim
inat
ed a
t the
sam
e tim
e, P
akis
tan’
s rea
l in
com
e de
clin
es sl
ight
ly.
This
is d
ue la
rgel
y to
the
loss
of q
uota
rent
s.
The
qual
ity o
f the
da
taba
se u
sed
for t
his
mod
el is
uns
atis
fact
ory.
Th
e I-
O ta
ble
of P
akis
tan
is c
onst
ruct
ed fr
om th
e G
TAP
5.4
data
base
. H
owev
er, d
ata
are
not
avai
labl
e in
the
GTA
P 5.
4 da
taba
se fo
r Pak
ista
n in
divi
dual
ly a
nd h
ence
th
e ag
greg
ated
resi
dual
da
taba
se fo
r the
rest
of
Sout
h A
sia
is u
sed,
whi
ch
com
pris
es P
akis
tan,
N
epal
, Bhu
tan
and
Mal
dive
s. T
his r
esid
ual
data
base
is u
nlik
ely
to
refle
ct th
e un
derli
ng
stru
ctur
e of
Pak
ista
n’s
econ
omy.
A
sens
itivi
ty a
naly
sis o
f th
e ke
y el
astic
ity
para
met
ers h
as n
ot b
een
unde
rtake
n.
APPENDIX 4.1: VARIABLES AND COEFFICIENTS OF PAKREG
Table A4.1a: Variables in Core Model (in Alphabetical Order) Variable Dimensions Explanation
a1(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate basic technical change a1_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Technical change, intermediate imported/domestic composite a1cap(i) i∈IND Capital-augmenting technical change a1lab_o(i) i∈IND Labour-augmenting technical change a1lnd(i) i∈IND Land-augmenting technical change a1mar(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND
m∈MAR Intermediate margin technical change
a1oct(i) i∈IND "Other cost" ticket augmenting technical change a1prim(i) i∈IND All factor augmenting technical change a1tot(i) i∈IND All input augmenting technical change a2(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment basic technical change a2_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Technical change, investment imported/domestic composite a2mar(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND
m∈MAR Investment margin technical change
a2tot(i) i∈IND Neutral technical change - investment a3(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Household basic taste change a3_s(c) c∈COM Taste change, household imported/domestic composite a3lux(c) c∈COM Taste change, supernumerary demands a3mar(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC
m∈MAR Household margin technical change
a3sub(c) c∈COM Taste change, subsistence demands a4mar(c,m) c∈COM m∈MAR Export margin technical change a5mar(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC
m∈MAR Government margin technical change
capslack Slack variable to allow fixing aggregate capital contBOT Contribution of balance of trade to real expenditure-side GDP contGDPexp(e) e∈EXPMAC Contributions to real expenditure-side GDP delB (Balance of trade)/GDP delPTXRATE(i) i∈IND Change in rate of production tax delSale(c,s,d) c∈COM s∈SRC
d∈DEST Sales aggregates
delV0TAR(c) c∈COM Ordinary change in tariff revenue delV0tar_c Aggregate tariff revenue delV0tax_csi Aggregate revenue from all indirect taxes delV1CST(i) i∈IND Change in ex-tax cost of production delV1PRIM(i) i∈IND Ordinary change in cost of primary factors delV1PTX(i) i∈IND Ordinary change in production tax revenue delV1PTX_i Ordinary change in all-industry production tax revenue delV1TAX(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate tax rev delV1tax_csi Aggregate revenue from indirect taxes on intermediate usage delV1TOT(i) i∈IND Change in tax-including cost of production delV2TAX(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment tax revenue delV2tax_csi Aggregate revenue from indirect taxes on investment delV3TAX(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Household tax revenue delV3tax_cs Aggregate revenue from indirect taxes on households delV4TAX(c) c∈COM Export tax revenue delV4tax_c Aggregate revenue from indirect taxes on export delV5TAX(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Government tax revenue delV5tax_cs Aggregate revenue from indirect taxes on government delV6(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Value of inventories delx6(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Inventories demands employ(i) i∈IND Employment by industry employ_i Aggregate employment: wage bill weights f0tax_s(c) c∈COM General sales tax shifter f1lab(i,o) i∈IND o∈OCC Wage shift variable f1lab_i(o) o∈OCC Occupation-specific wage shifter f1lab_io Overall wage shifter
302
Variable Dimensions Explanation f1lab_o(i) i∈IND Industry-specific wage shifter f1oct(i) i∈IND Shift in price of "other cost" tickets f1tax_csi Uniform % change in powers of taxes on intermediate usage f2tax_csi Uniform % change in powers of taxes on investment f2tot Ratio, investment/consumption f3tax_cs Uniform % change in powers of taxes on household usage f3tot Ratio, consumption/ GDP f4p(c) c∈COM Price (upward) shift in export demand schedule f4p_ntrad Upward demand shift, collective export aggregate f4q(c) c∈COM Quantity (right) shift in export demands f4q_ntrad Right demand shift, collective export aggregate f4tax_ntrad Uniform % change in powers of taxes on non-traditional exports f4tax_trad Uniform % change in powers of taxes on traditional exports f5(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Government demand shift f5tax_cs Uniform % change in powers of taxes on government usage f5tot Overall shift term for government demands f5tot2 Ratio between f5tot and x3tot fandecomp(c,f) c∈COM f∈FANCAT Fan decomposition finv1(i) i∈IND Shifter to enforce Dixon et al. (1982) investment rule finv2(i) i∈IND Shifter for "exogenous" investment rule finv3(i) i∈IND Shifter for long-run investment rule fx6(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Shifter on rule for stocks ggro(i) i∈IND Gross growth rate of capital = Investment/capital gret(i) i∈IND Gross rate of return = Rental/[Price of new capital] invslack Investment slack variable for exogenising aggregate investment p0(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Basic prices for local users p0cif_c Imports price index, c.i.f., local currency p0com(c) c∈COM Output price of locally-produced commodity p0dom(c) c∈COM Basic price of domestic goods = p0(c,"dom") p0gdpexp GDP price index, expenditure side p0imp(c) c∈COM Basic price of imported goods = p0(c,"imp") p0imp_c Duty-paid imports price index, local currency p0realdev Real devaluation p0toft Terms of trade p1(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Purchaser’s price, intermediate p1_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Price, intermediate imported/domestic composite p1cap(i) i∈IND Rental price of capital p1cap_i Average capital rental p1cst(i) i∈IND Index of production costs (for AnalyseGE) p1lab(i,o) i∈IND o∈OCC Wages by industry and occupation p1lab_io Average nominal wage p1lab_o(i) i∈IND Price to each industry of labour composite p1lnd(i) i∈IND Rental price of land p1lnd_i Average land rental p1mat(i) i∈IND Intermediate cost price index p1oct(i) i∈IND Price of "other cost" tickets p1prim(i) i∈IND Effective price of primary factor composite p1tot(i) i∈IND Average input/output price p2(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Purchaser’s price, investment p2_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Price, investment imported/domestic composite p2tot(i) i∈IND Cost of unit of capital p2tot_i Aggregate investment price index p3(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Purchaser’s price, household p3_s(c) c∈COM Price, household imported/domestic composite p3tot Consumer price index p4(c) c∈COM Purchaser’s price, exports, local currency p4_ntrad Price, collective export aggregate p4tot Exports price index, local currency p5(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Purchaser’s price, government p5tot Government price index p6tot Inventories price index
303
Variable Dimensions Explanation pe(c) c∈COM Basic price of exportables pf0cif(c) c∈COM C.i.f. foreign currency import prices phi Exchange rate, local currency/world currency q Number of households q1(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Output by commodity and industry realwage Average real wage SalesDecomp(c,d) c∈COM d∈DESTPLUS Sales decomposition t0imp(c) c∈COM Power of tariff t1(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Power of tax on intermediate usage t2(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Power of tax on investment t3(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Power of tax on households t4(c) c∈COM Power of tax on export t5(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Power of tax on government utility Utility per household w0cif_c C.i.f. local currency value of imports w0gdpexp Nominal GDP from expenditure side w0gdpinc Nominal GDP from income side w0imp_c Value of imports plus duty w0tax_csi Aggregate revenue from all indirect taxes w1cap_i Aggregate payments to capital w1lab_io Aggregate payments to labour w1lnd_i Aggregate payments to land w1oct_i Aggregate "other cost" ticket payments w2tot_i Aggregate nominal investment w3lux Total nominal supernumerary household expenditure w3tot Nominal total household consumption w4tot Local currency border value of exports w5tot Aggregate nominal value of government demands w6tot Aggregate nominal value of inventories x0cif_c Import volume index, c.i.f. weights x0com(c) c∈COM Output of commodities x0dom(c) c∈COM Output of commodities for local market x0gdpexp Real GDP from expenditure side x0imp(c) c∈COM Total supplies of imported goods x0imp_c Import volume index, duty-paid weights x0loc(c) c∈COM Real percent change in LOCSALES (domestic + imported) x1(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate basic demands x1_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Intermediate use of imported/domestic composite x1cap(i) i∈IND Current capital stock x1cap_i Aggregate capital stock, rental weights x1lab(i,o) i∈IND o∈OCC Employment by industry and occupation x1lab_i(o) o∈OCC Employment by occupation x1lab_o(i) i∈IND Effective labour input x1lnd(i) i∈IND Use of land x1lnd_i Aggregate land stock, rental weights x1mar(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND
m∈MAR Intermediate margin demand
x1oct(i) i∈IND Demand for "other cost" tickets x1prim(i) i∈IND Primary factor composite x1prim_i Aggregate output: value-added weights x1tot(i) i∈IND Activity level or value-added x2(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment basic demands x2_s(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Investment use of imported/domestic composite x2mar(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND
m∈MAR Investment margin demands
x2tot(i) i∈IND Investment by using industry x2tot_i Aggregate real investment expenditure x3(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Household basic demands x3_s(c) c∈COM Household use of imported/domestic composite x3lux(c) c∈COM Household - supernumerary demands x3mar(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC Household margin demands
304
Variable Dimensions Explanation m∈MAR
x3sub(c) c∈COM Household - subsistence demands x3tot Real household consumption x4(c) c∈COM Export basic demands x4_ntrad Quantity, collective export aggregate x4mar(c,m) c∈COM m∈MAR Export margin demands x4tot Export volume index x5(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Government basic demands x5mar(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC
m∈MAR Government margin demands
x5tot Aggregate real government demands x6tot Aggregate real inventories
Table A4.1b: Coefficients in Core Model (in Alphabetical Order) Coefficients Dimensions Explanation
B3LUX(c) c∈COM Ratio, (supernumerary expenditure/total expenditure)
COSTMAT(i,co) i∈IND co∈COSTCAT Cost matrix DIFFCOM(c) c∈COM SALES-MAKE_I : should be zero DIFFIND(i) i∈IND COSTS-MAKE_C : should be zero DOMSALES(c) c∈COM Total sales to local market EPS(c) c∈COM Household expenditure elasticities EPSTOT Average Engel elasticity: should be = 1 EXP_ELAST(c) c∈COM Export demand elasticities: typical value = -5.0 EXP_ELAST_NT Collective export demand elasticity EXPGDP(e) e∈EXPMAC Expenditure aggregates EXPSHR(c) c∈COM Shares going to exports FRISCH Frisch LES ‘parameter’= - (total/luxury) IMPSHR(c) c∈COM Shares of imports in local market INCGDP(i) i∈INCMAC Income aggregates INITGDP Initial real GDP at current prices INITSALES(c) c∈COM Initial volume of SALES at current prices IsIndivExp(c) c∈COM >0.5 for individual export commodities LEVP0(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Levels basic prices LOCSALES(c) c∈COM Total local sales of domestic + imported good c MAKE(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Multiproduction matrix MAKE_C(i) i∈IND All production by industry i MAKE_I(c) c∈COM Total production of commodities MARSALES(c) c∈COM Total usage for margins purposes PTXRATE(i) i∈IND Rate of production tax S1(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate source shares S2(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment source shares S3(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Household source shares S3_S(c) c∈COM Household average budget shares S3LUX(c) c∈COM Marginal household budget shares SALE(c,s,d) c∈COM s∈SRC d∈DEST Sales aggregates SALEMAT2(c,f,s,sa) c∈COM f∈FLOWTYPE s∈SRC
sa∈SALECAT2 Basic, margin and tax components of purchasers’ values
SALES(c) c∈COM Total sales of domestic commodities SIGMA1(c) c∈COM Armington elasticities: intermediate SIGMA1LAB(i) i∈IND CES substitution elasticity between skill types SIGMA1OUT(i) i∈IND CET transformation elasticities SIGMA1PRIM(i) i∈IND CES substitution, primary factors SIGMA2(c) c∈COM Armington elasticities: investment SIGMA3(c) c∈COM Armington elasticities: households SUPPLYELAST(i) i∈IND Short-run supply elasticity TAU(c) c∈COM 1/Elasticity of transformation, exportable/locally
used TAX(t) t∈TAXMAC Tax aggregates TINY Small number to prevent zerodivides or singular
305
Coefficients Dimensions Explanation matrix
V0CIF(c) c∈COM Total ex-duty imports of good c V0CIF_C Total local currency import costs, excluding tariffs V0GDPEXP Nominal GDP from expenditure side V0GDPINC Nominal GDP from income side V0IMP(c) c∈COM Total basic-value imports of good c V0IMP_C Total basic-value imports (includes tariffs) V0TAR(c) c∈COM Tariff revenue V0TAR_C Total tariff revenue V0TAX_CSI Total indirect tax revenue 1150 V1BAS(c,s,i)
c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate basic flows
V1CAP(i) i∈IND Capital rentals V1CAP_I Total payments to capital V1CST(i) i∈IND Total cost of industry i V1LAB(i,o) i∈IND o∈OCC Wage bill matrix V1LAB_I(o) o∈OCC Total wages, occupation o V1LAB_IO Total payments to labour V1LAB_O(i) i∈IND Total labour bill in industry i V1LND(i) i∈IND Land rentals V1LND_I Total payments to land V1MAR(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND m∈MAR Intermediate margins V1MAT(i) i∈IND Total intermediate cost for industry i V1OCT(i) i∈IND Other cost tickets V1OCT_I Total other cost ticket payments V1PRIM(i) i∈IND Total factor input to industry i V1PRIM_I Total primary factor payments V1PTX(i) i∈IND Production tax V1PTX_I Total production tax/subsidy V1PUR(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Intermediate purchaser’s value V1PUR_S(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Domestic + imported intermediate purchaser’s
value V1PUR_SI(c) c∈COM Domestic + imported intermediate purchaser’s
value V1TAX(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Taxes on intermediate usage V1TAX_CSI Total intermediate tax revenue V1TOT(i) i∈IND Total industry cost plus tax V2BAS(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment basic flows V2MAR(c,s,i,m) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND m∈MAR Investment margins V2PUR(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Investment purchaser’s value V2PUR_S(c,i) c∈COM i∈IND Domestic + imported investment purchaser’s valueV2PUR_SI(c) c∈COM Domestic + imported investment purchaser’s valueV2TAX(c,s,i) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND Taxes on investment V2TAX_CSI Total investment tax revenue V2TOT(i) i∈IND Total capital created for industry i V2TOT_I Total investment usage V3BAS(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Household basic flows V3MAR(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC m∈MAR Households margins V3PUR(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Households purchaser’s value V3PUR_S(c) c∈COM Domestic + imported households purchaser’s valueV3TAX(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Taxes on households V3TAX_CS Total households tax revenue V3TOT Total purchases by households V4BAS(c) c∈COM Export basic flows V4MAR(c,m) c∈COM m∈MAR Export margins V4NTRADEXP Total collective export earnings V4PUR(c) c∈COM Export purchaser’s value V4TAX(c) c∈COM Taxes on export V4TAX_C Total export tax revenue V4TOT Total export earnings V5BAS(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Government basic flows V5MAR(c,s,m) c∈COM s∈SRC m∈MAR Government margins V5PUR(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Government purchaser’s value
306
Coefficients Dimensions Explanation V5PUR_S(c) c∈COM Domestic + imported government purchaser’s
value V5TAX(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Taxes on government V5TAX_CS Total government tax revenue V5TOT Total value of government demands V6BAS(c,s) c∈COM s∈SRC Inventories basic flows V6BAS_S(c) c∈COM Domestic + imported inventories V6TOT Total value of inventories
Table A4.1c: Variables in Regional Extension (in Alphabetical Order) Variable Dimensions Explanation
delregx6(c,s,r) c∈COM s∈SRC r∈REG Inventories demand ffreg1(i) i∈IND Complement of rsum1 ffreg2(i) i∈IND Complement of rsum2 ffreg3(c) c∈COM Complement of rsum3 ffreg4(c) c∈COM Complement of rsum4 ffreg5(c) c∈COM Complement of rsum5 ffreg6(c) c∈COM Complement of rsum6 freg1(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional shares shifter freg2(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional shares shifter freg3(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares shifter freg4(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares shifter freg5(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares shifter freg6(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares shifter regadvantage(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional advantage decomposition regemploy(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Employment by region and industry regemploy_i(r) r∈REG Aggregate regional employment regemploycon(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Contributions to regional employment regw1lab_io(r) r∈REG Wage bills by region regx0(c,r) c∈LOCCOM r∈REG Regional usage of local commodities regx1(c,s,i,r) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND r∈REG Regional demands for intermediate inputs regx1mar(c,s,i,m,r) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND m∈MAR
r∈REG Margins - production
regx1prim_i(r) r∈REG Gross region products regx1primcon(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Contributions to regional GDP regx1tot(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Output of regional industries regx2(c,s,i,r) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND r∈REG Regional demands for inputs for investmentregx2mar(c,s,i,m,r) c∈COM s∈SRC i∈IND m∈MAR
r∈REG Margins - capital creation
regx3(c,s,r) c∈COM s∈SRC r∈REG Household demand for goods regx3mar(c,s,m,r) c∈COM s∈SRC m∈MAR r∈REG Margins - households regx4(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Exports by region regx4mar(c,m,r) c∈COM m∈MAR r∈REG Margins - exports regx5(c,s,r) c∈COM s∈SRC r∈REG Demands for inputs for "Other" demands regx5mar(c,s,m,r) c∈COM s∈SRC m∈MAR r∈REG Margins - "Other" rgshr1(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional shares in national output rgshr2(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional shares in national investment rgshr3(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares in national consumption rgshr4(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares in national exports rgshr5(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares in national govt. usage rgshr6(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional shares in national stocks rsum1(i) i∈IND Addup term - should be zero rsum2(i) i∈IND Addup term - should be zero rsum3(c) c∈COM Addup term - should be zero rsum4(c) c∈COM Addup term - should be zero rsum5(c) c∈COM Addup term - should be zero rsum6(c) c∈COM Addup term - should be zero
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Table A4.1d: Coefficients in Regional Extension (in Alphabetical Order) Coefficients Dimensions Explanation
DEMRATIO(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional demand/supply; negative for national commodities, should be near 1 for local commodities
IsLocCom(c) c∈COM Flag, 1 for local commodities, 0 for national commodities LOCPROD(i) i∈IND Industry output of local commodities REGINCSHR(r) r∈REG Shares of region r in national labour bill REGSHR1(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional output shares REGSHR2(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Regional investment shares REGSHR3(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional consumption shares REGSHR4(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional export shares REGSHR5(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional ‘other’ shares REGSHR6(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Regional inventories shares REGSHRPRIM(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Shares of industry i in output of region r REGV1LAB_IO(r) r∈REG Labour bills REGV1LAB_O(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Labour bills REGV1PRIM(i,r) i∈IND r∈REG Factor bills REGV1PRIM_I(r) r∈REG Total factor bill SHRPRIM(i) i∈IND Shares of industry i in national output TOTDEMREG(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG All basic + margin use of local good c, region r TOTSUPREG(c,r) c∈COM r∈REG Supply of good c, region r
BOX A4.1A: COEFFICIENTS CALCULATED USING ‘FORMULA’ STATEMENTS IN CORE MODEL (IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE) Coefficient ! Flows at purchasers’ prices ! (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1PUR(c,s,i) # Intermediate purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2PUR(c,s,i) # Investment purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3PUR(c,s) # Households purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM) V4PUR(c) # Export purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5PUR(c,s) # Government purchaser’s value #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1PUR(c,s,i) = V1BAS(c,s,i) + V1TAX(c,s,i) + sum{m,MAR, V1MAR(c,s,i,m)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2PUR(c,s,i) = V2BAS(c,s,i) + V2TAX(c,s,i) + sum{m,MAR, V2MAR(c,s,i,m)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3PUR(c,s) = V3BAS(c,s) + V3TAX(c,s) + sum{m,MAR, V3MAR(c,s,m)}; (all,c,COM) V4PUR(c) = V4BAS(c) + V4TAX(c) + sum{m,MAR, V4MAR(c,m)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5PUR(c,s) = V5BAS(c,s) + V5TAX(c,s) + sum{m,MAR, V5MAR(c,s,m)}; Coefficient (all,i,IND) V1LAB_O(i) # Total labour bill in industry i #; TINY # Small number to prevent zerodivides or singular matrix #; Formula (all,i,IND) V1LAB_O(i) = sum{o,OCC, V1LAB(i,o)}; TINY = 0.000000000001; Coefficient (all,i,IND) V1PRIM(i) # Total factor input to industry i #; Formula (all,i,IND) V1PRIM(i) = V1LAB_O(i)+ V1CAP(i) + V1LND(i); Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V1PUR_S(c,i) # Domestic + imported intermediate purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) S1(c,s,i) # Intermediate source shares #; (all,i,IND) V1MAT(i) # Total intermediate cost for industry i #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V1PUR_S(c,i) = sum{s,SRC, V1PUR(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) S1(c,s,i) = V1PUR(c,s,i) / V1PUR_S(c,i); (all,i,IND) V1MAT(i) = sum{c,COM, V1PUR_S(c,i)};
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Coefficient (all,i,IND) V1CST(i) # Total cost of industry i #; (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i) # Total industry cost plus tax #; (all,i,IND) PTXRATE(i) # Rate of production tax #; Formula (all,i,IND) V1CST(i) = V1PRIM(i) + V1OCT(i) + V1MAT(i); (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i) = V1CST(i) + V1PTX(i); (all,i,IND) PTXRATE(i) = V1PTX(i)/V1CST(i); !VAT: V1PTX/V1PRIM ! Coefficient (all,i,IND) MAKE_C(i) # All production by industry i #; (all,c,COM) MAKE_I(c) # Total production of commodities #; Formula (all,i,IND) MAKE_C(i) = sum{c,COM, MAKE(c,i)}; (all,c,COM) MAKE_I(c) = sum{i,IND, MAKE(c,i)}; Coefficient (all, c,COM) EXPSHR(c) # Shares going to exports #; (all, c,COM) TAU(c) # 1/Elasticity of transformation, exportable/locally used #; Zerodivide default 0.5; Formula (all,c,COM) EXPSHR(c) = V4BAS(c)/MAKE_I(c); (all,c,COM) TAU(c) = 0.0; ! if zero, p0dom = pe, and CET is nullified ! Zerodivide off; Coefficient ! Source Shares in Flows at Purchaser’s prices ! (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_S(c,i) # Domestic + imported investment purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) S2(c,s,i) # Investment source shares #; Zerodivide default 0.5; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_S(c,i) = sum{s,SRC, V2PUR(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) S2(c,s,i) = V2PUR(c,s,i) / V2PUR_S(c,i); Zerodivide off; Coefficient (all,i,IND) V2TOT(i) # Total capital created for industry i #; Formula (all,i,IND) V2TOT(i) = sum{c,COM, V2PUR_S(c,i)}; Coefficient ! Source Shares in Flows at Purchaser’s prices ! (all,c,COM) V3PUR_S(c) # Domestic + imported households purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) S3(c,s) # Household source shares #; Zerodivide default 0.5; Formula (all,c,COM) V3PUR_S(c) = sum{s,SRC, V3PUR(c,s)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) S3(c,s) = V3PUR(c,s) / V3PUR_S(c); Zerodivide off; Coefficient V3TOT # Total purchases by households #; (all,c,COM) S3_S(c) # Household average budget shares #; (all,c,COM) B3LUX(c) # Ratio, (supernumerary expenditure/total expenditure) #; (all,c,COM) S3LUX(c) # Marginal household budget shares #; Formula V3TOT = sum{c,COM, V3PUR_S(c)}; (all,c,COM) S3_S(c) = V3PUR_S(c)/V3TOT; (all,c,COM) B3LUX(c) = -EPS(c)/FRISCH; (all,c,COM) S3LUX(c) = EPS(c)*S3_S(c); Coefficient V4NTRADEXP # Total collective export earnings #; Formula V4NTRADEXP = sum{c,NTRADEXP, V4PUR(c)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) LEVP0(c,s) # Levels basic prices #; Formula (initial) (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) LEVP0(c,s) = 1; ! Arbitrary setting !
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Coefficient (all,c,COM) MARSALES(c) # Total usage for margins purposes #; Formula (all,n,NONMAR) MARSALES(n) = 0.0; (all,m,MAR) MARSALES(m) = sum{c,COM, V4MAR(c,m) + sum{s,SRC, V3MAR(c,s,m) + V5MAR(c,s,m) + sum{i,IND, V1MAR(c,s,i,m) + V2MAR(c,s,i,m)}}}; Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,d,DEST) SALE(c,s,d) # Sales aggregates #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALE(c,s,"Interm") = sum{i,IND, V1BAS(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALE(c,s,"Invest") = sum{i,IND, V2BAS(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALE(c,s,"HouseH") = V3BAS(c,s); (all,c,COM) SALE(c,"dom","Export") = V4BAS(c); (all,c,COM) SALE(c,"imp","Export") = 0; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALE(c,s,"GovGE") = V5BAS(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALE(c,s,"Stocks") = V6BAS(c,s); (all,c,COM) SALE(c,"dom","Margins") = MARSALES(c); (all,c,COM) SALE(c,"imp","Margins") = 0; Coefficient (all,c,COM) V0IMP(c) # Total basic-value imports of good c #; Formula (all,c,COM) V0IMP(c) = sum{d,DEST, SALE(c,"imp",d)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM) SALES(c) # Total sales of domestic commodities #; Formula (all,c,COM) SALES(c) = sum{d,DEST, SALE(c,"dom",d)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM) DOMSALES(c) # Total sales to local market #; Formula (all,c,COM) DOMSALES(c) = SALES(c) - V4BAS(c); Coefficient V1TAX_CSI # Total intermediate tax revenue #; V2TAX_CSI # Total investment tax revenue #; V3TAX_CS # Total households tax revenue #; V4TAX_C # Total export tax revenue #; V5TAX_CS # Total government tax revenue #; V0TAR_C # Total tariff revenue #; Formula V1TAX_CSI = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, sum{i,IND, V1TAX(c,s,i)}}}; V2TAX_CSI = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, sum{i,IND, V2TAX(c,s,i)}}}; V3TAX_CS = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V3TAX(c,s)}}; V4TAX_C = sum{c,COM, V4TAX(c)}; V5TAX_CS = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V5TAX(c,s)}}; V0TAR_C = sum{c,COM, V0TAR(c)}; Coefficient V1CAP_I # Total payments to capital #; V1LAB_IO # Total payments to labour #; V1LND_I # Total payments to land #; V1PTX_I # Total production tax/subsidy #; V1OCT_I # Total other cost ticket payments #; V1PRIM_I # Total primary factor payments#; V0GDPINC # Nominal GDP from income side #; V0TAX_CSI # Total indirect tax revenue #; Formula V1CAP_I = sum{i,IND, V1CAP(i)}; V1LAB_IO = sum{i,IND, V1LAB_O(i)}; V1LND_I = sum{i,IND, V1LND(i)}; V1PTX_I = sum{i,IND, V1PTX(i)}; V1OCT_I = sum{i,IND, V1OCT(i)}; V1PRIM_I = V1LAB_IO + V1CAP_I + V1LND_I; V0TAX_CSI = V1TAX_CSI + V2TAX_CSI + V3TAX_CS + V4TAX_C + V5TAX_CS + V0TAR_C + V1OCT_I + V1PTX_I; V0GDPINC = V1PRIM_I + V0TAX_CSI; Coefficient ! Expenditure aggregates at purchasers’ prices !
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(all,c,COM) V0CIF(c) # Total ex-duty imports of good c #; V0CIF_C # Total local currency import costs, excluding tariffs #; V0IMP_C # Total basic-value imports (includes tariffs) #; V2TOT_I # Total investment usage #; V4TOT # Total export earnings #; V5TOT # Total value of government demands #; V6TOT # Total value of inventories #; V0GDPEXP # Nominal GDP from expenditure side #; Formula (all,c,COM) V0CIF(c) = V0IMP(c) - V0TAR(c); V0CIF_C = sum{c,COM, V0CIF(c)}; V0IMP_C = sum{c,COM, V0IMP(c)}; V2TOT_I = sum{i,IND, V2TOT(i)}; V4TOT = sum{c,COM, V4PUR(c)}; V5TOT = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V5PUR(c,s)}}; V6TOT = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V6BAS(c,s)}}; V0GDPEXP = V3TOT + V2TOT_I + V5TOT + V6TOT + V4TOT - V0CIF_C; Coefficient (all,o,OCC) V1LAB_I(o) # Total wages, occupation o #; Formula (all,o,OCC) V1LAB_I(o) = sum{i,IND, V1LAB(i,o)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c) # Initial volume of SALES at current prices #; Formula (initial) (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c) = SALES(c); Coefficient (all,c,COM) LOCSALES(c) # Total local sales of domestic + imported good c #; Formula (all,c,COM) LOCSALES(c) = DOMSALES(c) + V0IMP(c); Coefficient INITGDP # Initial real GDP at current prices #; Formula (initial) INITGDP = V0GDPEXP; Coefficient ! Coefficients for checking ! (all,i,IND) DIFFIND(i) # COSTS-MAKE_C : should be zero #; (all,c,COM) DIFFCOM(c) # SALES-MAKE_I : should be zero #; EPSTOT # Average Engel elasticity: should = 1 #; Formula (all,i,IND) DIFFIND(i) = V1TOT(i) - MAKE_C(i); (all,c,COM) DIFFCOM(c) = SALES(c) - MAKE_I(c); EPSTOT = sum{c,COM, S3_S(c)*EPS(c)}; Coefficient (all,e,EXPMAC) EXPGDP(e) # Expenditure aggregates #; Formula EXPGDP("Consumption") = V3TOT; EXPGDP("Investment") = V2TOT_I; EXPGDP("Government") = V5TOT; EXPGDP("Stocks") = V6TOT; EXPGDP("Exports") = V4TOT; EXPGDP("Imports") = -V0CIF_C; Coefficient (all,i,INCMAC) INCGDP(i) # Income aggregates #; Formula INCGDP("Land") = V1LND_I; INCGDP("Labour") = V1LAB_IO; INCGDP("Capital") = V1CAP_I; INCGDP("IndirectTax") = V0TAX_CSI; Coefficient (all,t,TAXMAC) TAX(t) # Tax aggregates #; Formula TAX("Intermediate") = V1TAX_CSI; TAX("Investment") = V2TAX_CSI; TAX("Consumption") = V3TAX_CS; TAX("Exports") = V4TAX_C;
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TAX("Government") = V5TAX_CS; TAX("OCT") = V1OCT_I; TAX("ProdTax") = V1PTX_I; TAX("Tariff") = V0TAR_C; Coefficient (all,i,IND)(all,co,COSTCAT) COSTMAT(i,co) # Cost matrix #; Formula (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"IntDom") = sum{c,COM, V1BAS(c,"dom",i)}; (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"IntImp") = sum{c,COM, V1BAS(c,"imp",i)}; (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"Margin") = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, sum{m,MAR, V1MAR(c,s,i,m)}}}; (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"ComTax") = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V1TAX(c,s,i)}}; (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"Lab") = V1LAB_O(i); (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"Cap") = V1CAP(i); (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"Lnd") = V1LND(i); (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"ProdTax") = V1PTX(i); (all,i,IND) COSTMAT(i,"OCT") = V1OCT(i); Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,f,FLOWTYPE)(all,s,SRC)(all,sa,SALECAT2) SALEMAT2(c,f,s,sa) # Basic, margin and tax components of purchasers’ values #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,f,FLOWTYPE)(all,s,SRC)(all,sa,SALECAT2) SALEMAT2(c,f,s,sa)=0; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic",s,"Interm") = sum{i,IND,V1BAS(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Tax" ,s,"Interm") = sum{i,IND,V1TAX(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Margin",s,"Interm") = sum{i,IND, sum{m,MAR, V1MAR(c,s,i,m)}}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic",s,"Invest") = sum{i,IND,V2BAS(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Tax" ,s,"Invest") = sum{i,IND,V2TAX(c,s,i)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Margin",s,"Invest") = sum{i,IND, sum{m,MAR, V2MAR(c,s,i,m)}}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic",s,"HouseH") = V3BAS(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Tax" ,s,"HouseH") = V3TAX(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Margin",s,"HouseH")= sum{m,MAR,V3MAR(c,s,m)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic",s,"GovGE") = V5BAS(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Tax" ,s,"GovGE") = V5TAX(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Margin",s,"GovGE")= sum{m,MAR,V5MAR(c,s,m)}; (all,c,COM) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic","dom","Export") = V4BAS(c); (all,c,COM) SALEMAT2(c,"Tax" ,"dom","Export") = V4TAX(c); (all,c,COM) SALEMAT2(c,"Margin","dom","Export")= sum{m,MAR,V4MAR(c,m)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) SALEMAT2(c,"Basic",s,"Stocks") = V6BAS(c,s); Coefficient (all,c,COM) IMPSHR(c) # Shares of imports in local market #; Formula (all,c,COM) IMPSHR(c) = V0IMP(c)/[TINY+DOMSALES(c)+V0IMP(c)]; Coefficient (all,i,IND) SUPPLYELAST(i) # Short-run supply elasticity #; Zerodivide default 999; Formula (all,i,IND) SUPPLYELAST(i) = SIGMA1PRIM(i)*V1LAB_O(i)*V1CST(i)/[V1PRIM(i)*{V1CAP(i)+V1LND(i)}]; Zerodivide off; Coefficient (all,c,COM) V1PUR_SI(c) # Domestic + imported intermediate purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM) V2PUR_SI(c) # Domestic + imported investment purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM) V5PUR_S(c) # Domestic + imported government purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM) V6BAS_S(c) # Domestic + imported inventories #; Formula (all,c,COM) V1PUR_SI(c) = sum{i,IND, V1PUR_S(c,i)}; (all,c,COM) V2PUR_SI(c) = sum{i,IND, V2PUR_S(c,i)}; (all,c,COM) V5PUR_S(c) = sum{s,SRC, V5PUR(c,s)}; (all,c,COM) V6BAS_S(c) = sum{s,SRC, V6BAS(c,s)};
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BOX A4.1B: COEFFICIENTS CALCULATED USING ‘FORMULA’ STATEMENTS IN REGIONAL EXTENSION (IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE) Coefficient (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGV1LAB_O(i,r) # Labour bills #; (all,r,REG) REGV1LAB_IO(r) # Labour bills #; (all,r,REG) REGINCSHR(r) # Shares of region r in national labour bill #; Formula (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGV1LAB_O(i,r) = V1LAB_O(i)*REGSHR1(i,r); (all,r,REG) REGV1LAB_IO(r) = sum{i,IND, REGV1LAB_O(i,r)}; (all,r,REG) REGINCSHR(r) = REGV1LAB_IO(r)/ V1LAB_IO; Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) TOTSUPREG(c,r) # Supply of good c, region r #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) TOTSUPREG(c,r) = sum{i,IND, MAKE(c,i)*REGSHR1(i,r)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) TOTDEMREG(c,r) # All basic + margin use of local good c, region r #; Formula (all,c,MAR)(all,r,REG) TOTDEMREG(c,r) = sum{i,IND,REGSHR1(i,r)*V1BAS(c,"dom",i) + REGSHR2(i,r)*V2BAS(c,"dom",i) } + REGSHR3(c,r)*V3BAS(c,"dom") + REGSHR4(c,r)*V4BAS(c) + REGSHR5(c,r)*V5BAS(c,"dom") + REGSHR6(c,r)*V6BAS(c,"dom") + sum{u,COM, REGSHR4(u,r)*V4MAR(u,c) +sum{s,SRC,REGSHR3(u,r)*V3MAR(u,s,c) + REGSHR5(u,r)*V5MAR(u,s,c) +sum{i,IND,REGSHR1(i,r)*V1MAR(u,s,i,c) + REGSHR2(i,r)*V2MAR(u,s,i,c) }}}; Formula (all,c,NONMAR)(all,r,REG) TOTDEMREG(c,r) = sum{i,IND,REGSHR1(i,r)*V1BAS(c,"dom",i) + REGSHR2(i,r)*V2BAS(c,"dom",i) } + REGSHR3(c,r)*V3BAS(c,"dom") + REGSHR4(c,r)*V4BAS(c) + REGSHR5(c,r)*V5BAS(c,"dom") + REGSHR6(c,r)*V6BAS(c,"dom"); Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) DEMRATIO(c,r) Formula (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) DEMRATIO(c,r) = [TINY + TOTDEMREG(c,r)]/[TINY + TOTSUPREG(c,r)]; Formula (all,c,NATCOM)(all,r,REG) DEMRATIO(c,r) = - DEMRATIO(c,r); Coefficient (all,i,IND) LOCPROD(i) # Industry output of local commodities #; Formula (all,i,IND) LOCPROD(i) = sum{c,LOCCOM, MAKE(c,i)}; Coefficient (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGV1PRIM(i,r) # Factor bills #; (all,i,IND) SHRPRIM(i) # Shares of industry i in national output #; (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGSHRPRIM(i,r) # Shares of industry i in output region r #; (all,r,REG) REGV1PRIM_I(r) # Total factor bill #; Formula (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGV1PRIM(i,r) = V1PRIM(i)*REGSHR1(i,r); (all,r,REG) REGV1PRIM_I(r) = sum{i,IND,REGV1PRIM(i,r)}; (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGSHRPRIM(i,r) = REGV1PRIM(i,r)/REGV1PRIM_I(r); (all,i,IND) SHRPRIM(i) = V1PRIM(i)/V1PRIM_I;
313
APPENDIX 4.2: UPDATE STATEMENTS AND FORMULAS OF PAKREG
BOX A4.2A: UPDATE STATEMENTS AND FORMULAS IN CORE MODEL (IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE) UPDATE STATEMENTS Update (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1BAS(c,s,i) = p0(c,s)*x1(c,s,i); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2BAS(c,s,i) = p0(c,s)*x2(c,s,i); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3BAS(c,s) = p0(c,s)*x3(c,s); (all,c,COM) V4BAS(c) = pe(c)*x4(c); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5BAS(c,s) = p0(c,s)*x5(c,s); (change)(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V6BAS(c,s) = delV6(c,s); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V1MAR(c,s,i,m) = p0dom(m)*x1mar(c,s,i,m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR(c,s,i,m) = p0dom(m)*x2mar(c,s,i,m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V3MAR(c,s,m) = p0dom(m)*x3mar(c,s,m); (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V4MAR(c,m) = p0dom(m)*x4mar(c,m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V5MAR(c,s,m) = p0dom(m)*x5mar(c,s,m); (change)(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1TAX(c,s,i) = delV1TAX(c,s,i); (change)(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2TAX(c,s,i) = delV2TAX(c,s,i); (change)(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3TAX(c,s) = delV3TAX(c,s); (change)(all,c,COM) V4TAX(c) = delV4TAX(c); (change)(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5TAX(c,s) = delV5TAX(c,s); (all,i,IND)(all,o,OCC) V1LAB(i,o) = p1lab(i,o)*x1lab(i,o); (all,i,IND) V1CAP(i) = p1cap(i)*x1cap(i); (all,i,IND) V1LND(i) = p1lnd(i)*x1lnd(i); (change)(all,i,IND) V1PTX(i) = delV1PTX(i); (all,i,IND) V1OCT(i) = p1oct(i)*x1oct(i); (change) (all,c,COM) V0TAR(c) = delV0TAR(c); (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) MAKE(c,i)= p0com(c)*q1(c,i); (change) FRISCH = FRISCH*[w3tot - w3lux]/100.0; (change)(all,c,COM) EPS(c) = EPS(c)*[x3lux(c)-x3_s(c)+w3tot-w3lux]/100.0; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) LEVP0(c,s) = p0(c,s); (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c) = p0com(c); INITGDP = p0gdpexp; UPDATE FORMULAS* ! Update formula for stocks ! E_delV6 (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) delV6(c,s) = 0.01*V6BAS(c,s)*p0(c,s) + LEVP0(c,s)*delx6(c,s); ! Update formulae for commodity taxes ! Equation E_delV1TAX (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) delV1TAX(c,s,i) = 0.01*V1TAX(c,s,i)* [x1(c,s,i) + p0(c,s)] + 0.01*[V1BAS(c,s,i)+V1TAX(c,s,i)]*t1(c,s,i); E_delV2TAX (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) delV2TAX(c,s,i)= 0.01*V2TAX(c,s,i)* [x2(c,s,i) + p0(c,s)] + 0.01*[V2BAS(c,s,i)+V2TAX(c,s,i)]*t2(c,s,i); E_delV3TAX (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) delV3TAX(c,s) = 0.01*V3TAX(c,s)* [x3(c,s) + p0(c,s)] + 0.01*[V3BAS(c,s)+V3TAX(c,s)]*t3(c,s); E_delV4TAX (all,c,COM) delV4TAX(c) = 0.01*V4TAX(c)* [x4(c) + pe(c)] + 0.01*[V4BAS(c)+V4TAX(c)]*t4(c); E_delV5TAX (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) delV5TAX(c,s) = 0.01*V5TAX(c,s)*[x5(c,s) + p0(c,s)] + 0.01*[V5BAS(c,s)+V5TAX(c,s)]*t5(c,s);
314
! Update formula for tariff revenue ! Equation E_delV0TAR (all,c,COM) delV0TAR(c) = 0.01*V0TAR(c)*[x0imp(c)+pf0cif(c)+phi] + 0.01*V0IMP(c)*t0imp(c); *The need for update formulas, rather than update statements, arises for these variables because they are in levels form and may change sign during a multi-step simulation. Please refer to Horridge (2003, pp.13-14) for details.
BOX A4.2B: UPDATE STATEMENTS IN REGIONAL EXTENSION (IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE) Update (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGSHR1(i,r) = rgshr1(i,r); (all,i,IND)(all,r,REG) REGSHR2(i,r) = rgshr2(i,r); (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) REGSHR3(c,r) = rgshr3(c,r); (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) REGSHR4(c,r) = rgshr4(c,r); (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) REGSHR5(c,r) = rgshr5(c,r); (all,c,COM)(all,r,REG) REGSHR6(c,r) = rgshr6(c,r);
315
APPENDIX 4.3: MISCELLANEOUS EQUATIONS IN CORE MODEL
Table A4.3a: Remaining Equations in Core Model Industry costs and the index of production costs
Equation E_delV1CST (all,i,IND) delV1CST(i) = delV1PRIM(i) + 0.01*sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC, V1PUR(c,s,i)*[p1(c,s,i) + x1(c,s,i)]}} + 0.01*V1OCT(i) *[p1oct(i) + x1oct(i)]; E_delV1PTX (all,i,IND) delV1PTX(i) = PTXRATE(i)*delV1CST(i) + V1CST(i) * delPTXRATE(i); E_delV1TOT (all,i,IND) delV1TOT(i) = delV1CST(i) + delV1PTX(i); E_p1tot (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i)*[p1tot(i) + x1tot(i)] = 100*delV1TOT(i); Equation E_p1cst (all,i,IND) p1cst(i) = [1/V1CST(i)]*[ sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC, V1PUR(c,s,i)*p1(c,s,i)}} + V1OCT(i) *p1oct(i) + V1CAP(i) *p1cap(i) + V1LND(i) *p1lnd(i) + sum{o,OCC, V1LAB(i,o) *p1lab(i,o)}];
Indirect tax revenue aggregates Equation E_delV1tax_csi delV1tax_csi = sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC,sum{i,IND, delV1TAX(c,s,i)}}}; E_delV2tax_csi delV2tax_csi = sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC,sum{i,IND, delV2TAX(c,s,i)}}}; E_delV3tax_cs delV3tax_cs = sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC, delV3TAX(c,s)}}; E_delV4tax_c delV4tax_c = sum{c,COM, delV4TAX(c)}; E_delV5tax_cs delV5tax_cs = sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC,delV5TAX(c,s)}}; E_delV0tar_c delV0tar_c = sum{c,COM, delV0TAR(c)};
Factor incomes and GDP Equation E_w1lab_io V1LAB_IO*w1lab_io = sum{i,IND,sum{o,OCC, V1LAB(i,o)*[x1lab(i,o)+p1lab(i,o)]}}; E_w1cap_i V1CAP_I*w1cap_i = sum{i,IND, V1CAP(i)*[x1cap(i)+p1cap(i)]}; E_w1lnd_i V1LND_I*w1lnd_i = sum{i,IND, V1LND(i)*[x1lnd(i)+p1lnd(i)]}; E_w1oct_i V1OCT_I*w1oct_i = sum{i,IND, V1OCT(i)*[x1oct(i)+p1oct(i)]}; E_delV1PTX_i delV1PTX_i = sum{i,IND,delV1PTX(i)}; E_delV0tax_csi delV0tax_csi = delV1tax_csi + delV2tax_csi + delV3tax_cs + delV4tax_c + delV5tax_cs + delV0tar_c + delV1PTX_i + 0.01*V1OCT_I*w1oct_i; E_w0tax_csi [TINY+V0TAX_CSI]*w0tax_csi = 100*delV0tax_csi; E_w0gdpinc V0GDPINC*w0gdpinc = V1LND_I*w1lnd_i + V1CAP_I*w1cap_i + V1LAB_IO*w1lab_io + 100*delV0tax_csi;
GDP expenditure aggregates Equation E_x2tot_i V2TOT_I*x2tot_i = sum{i,IND, V2TOT(i)*x2tot(i)}; E_p2tot_i V2TOT_I*p2tot_i = sum{i,IND, V2TOT(i)*p2tot(i)}; E_w2tot_i w2tot_i = x2tot_i + p2tot_i; Equation E_x4tot V4TOT*x4tot = sum{c,COM, V4PUR(c)*x4(c)}; E_p4tot V4TOT*p4tot = sum{c,COM, V4PUR(c)*p4(c)}; E_w4tot w4tot = x4tot + p4tot; Equation E_x5tot V5TOT*x5tot = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V5PUR(c,s)*x5(c,s)}}; E_p5tot V5TOT*p5tot = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V5PUR(c,s)*p5(c,s)}}; E_w5tot w5tot = x5tot + p5tot; Equation E_x6tot [TINY+V6TOT]*x6tot =100*sum{c,COM,sum{s,SRC,LEVP0(c,s)*delx6(c,s)}}; E_p6tot [TINY+V6TOT]*p6tot = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V6BAS(c,s)*p0(c,s)}}; E_w6tot w6tot = x6tot + p6tot; Equation E_x0cif_c V0CIF_C*x0cif_c = sum{c,COM, V0CIF(c)*x0imp(c)}; E_p0cif_c V0CIF_C*p0cif_c = sum{c,COM, V0CIF(c)*[phi+pf0cif(c)]}; E_w0cif_c w0cif_c = x0cif_c + p0cif_c;
316
Equation E_x0gdpexp V0GDPEXP*x0gdpexp = V3TOT*x3tot + V2TOT_I*x2tot_i + V5TOT*x5tot + V6TOT*x6tot + V4TOT*x4tot - V0CIF_C*x0cif_c; E_p0gdpexp V0GDPEXP*p0gdpexp = V3TOT*p3tot + V2TOT_I*p2tot_i + V5TOT*p5tot + V6TOT*p6tot + V4TOT*p4tot - V0CIF_C*p0cif_c; E_w0gdpexp w0gdpexp = x0gdpexp + p0gdpexp;
Primary factor aggregates Equation E_employ (all,i,IND) V1LAB_O(i)*employ(i) = sum{o,OCC, V1LAB(i,o)*x1lab(i,o)}; E_employ_i V1LAB_IO*employ_i = sum{i,IND, V1LAB_O(i)*employ(i)}; E_x1prim_i V1PRIM_I*x1prim_i = sum{i,IND, V1PRIM(i)*x1tot(i)}; E_p1lab_io V1LAB_IO*p1lab_io = sum{i,IND, sum{o,OCC, V1LAB(i,o)*p1lab(i,o)}}; E_realwage realwage = p1lab_io - p3tot; E_p1cap_i V1CAP_I*p1cap_i = sum{i,IND, V1CAP(i)*p1cap(i)}; E_p1lnd_i V1LND_I*p1lnd_i = sum{i,IND, V1LND(i)*p1lnd(i)};
Decomposition of sales change by destination Equation E_SalesDecompA (all,c,COM)(all,d,DEST) INITSALES(c)*SalesDecomp(c,d) = 100*delSale(c,"dom",d); E_SalesDecompB (all,c,COM) SalesDecomp(c,"Total")= sum{d,DEST, SalesDecomp(c,d)};
Decomposition of Fan Equation E_x0loc # %Growth in local market # (all,c,COM) LOCSALES(c)*x0loc(c) = DOMSALES(c)*x0dom(c) + V0IMP(c)*x0imp(c); E_fandecompA # Growth in local market effect # (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c)*fandecomp(c,"LocalMarket") = DOMSALES(c)*x0loc(c); ! The local market effect is the % change in output that would have occurred if local sales of the domestic product had followed domestic + imported sales (x0loc) ! E_fandecompB # Export effect # (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c)*fandecomp(c,"Export") = V4BAS(c)*x4(c); E_fandecompC # Import leakage effect - via residual # (all,c,COM) fandecomp(c,"Total") = fandecomp(c,"LocalMarket") + fandecomp(c,"DomShares") + fandecomp(c,"Export"); E_fandecompD # Fan total = x0com # (all,c,COM) INITSALES(c)*fandecomp(c,"Total") = SALES(c)*x0com(c);
GDP decomposition Equation E_contGDPexpA INITGDP*contGDPexp("Consumption") = V3TOT*x3tot; E_contGDPexpB INITGDP*contGDPexp("Investment") = V2TOT_I*x2tot_i; E_contGDPexpC INITGDP*contGDPexp("Government") = V5TOT*x5tot; E_contGDPexpD INITGDP*contGDPexp("Stocks") = V6TOT*x6tot; E_contGDPexpE INITGDP*contGDPexp("Exports") = V4TOT*x4tot; E_contGDPexpF INITGDP*contGDPexp("Imports") = - V0CIF_C*x0cif_c; Equation E_contBOT contBOT = contGDPexp("Exports") + contGDPexp("Imports");
Other equations Equation E_p1oct # Indexing of prices of “other cost” tickets # (all,i,IND) p1oct(i) = p3tot + f1oct(i); ! Assumes full indexation ! Equation E_f3tot # Consumption function # w3tot = w0gdpexp + f3tot; Equation E_p0dom # Basic price of domestic goods = p0(c,"dom") # (all,c,COM) p0dom(c) = p0(c,"dom"); Equation E_p0imp # Basic price of imported goods = p0(c,"imp") # (all,c,COM) p0imp(c) = p0(c,"imp");
317
APPENDIX 5.1: CONVERSION OF I-O TABLE 1990-91 FROM PURCHASERS’ TO PRODUCERS’ PRICES
The original I-O table 1990-91 was valued at purchasers’ prices.106 However, it was necessary to convert the valuation of the I-O table from purchasers’ prices to producers’ prices107 so that it can be used as input data to the TABLO program PAK.TAB for generating the data required for the implementation of the core model. This appendix illustrates the conversion of the 60-sector I-O table 1990-91 from purchasers’ prices (Figure 5.2: Box 8) to producers’ prices (Figure 5.2: Box 10) using a highly aggregated (4-sector) version of the 60-sector I-O table 1990-91 with a single margin commodity—trade and transport (see Table A5.1a).108
Since the trade and transport row in the 60-sector I-O Table included both the direct sales of the trade and transport commodity and the use of trade and transport as margin service, the first step toward converting the I-O table from purchasers’ prices to producers’ prices was the identification of the margin service (associated with sales) in the trade and transport row. The values of margin service in the trade and transport row were obtained from the FBS (2001a)—see Table A5.1b.109
The construction of a matrix of margin on purchases was the second step toward converting the I-O table from purchasers’ prices to producers’ prices. Since there were no data available on the margin service associated with the purchase of each commodity by each user, the margin on purchases matrix was constructed on a proportional basis by allocating the margin on sales in Table A5.1b to margin on purchases, using the row shares of the intermediate usage and final demand components in the I-O table. (The construction of margin matrices on a proportional basis is a common practice in the development of databases for CGE models.) The resulting matrix of margin on purchases is presented in Table A5.1c.
Next, the following steps were taken to convert the I-O table at purchasers’ prices (Table A5.1a) to the I-O table at producers’ prices (Table A5.1d). Firstly, the margin on purchases matrix (Table A5.1c) was subtracted from the direct usage of commodities in the I-O table at purchasers’ prices (Table A5.1a). Secondly, column totals of the margin on purchases matrix (Table A5.1c) were added to the corresponding entries in the trade and transport row of Table A5.1d. Finally, the values of the margin on sales (from Table A5.1b) were subtracted from the trade and transport row of Table A5.1d.
Table A5.1d became the 4-sector I-O table at producers’ prices. Now each entry in the trade and transport row in this table showed the direct sale of the margin commodity plus the margin associated with each users’ all purchases (not sales). Moreover, the
106 An I-O table valued at purchasers’ prices implies that margin service in the margin commodity row and indirect taxes are associated with the sale (not purchase) of each commodity. 107 In an I-O table valued at producers’ prices, while the treatment of the indirect tax is the same as in the I-O table at purchasers’ price, the values of margin service in the margin commodity row are associated with the purchase (not sale) of each commodity. 108 Since the 4-sector I-O table (Table A5.1a) is highly aggregated, the value of a particular commodity or industry in it may not tally with the value of a commodity or industry with the same name in the actual 60-sector I-O Table. This is also true for the margin commodity—trade and transport. However, these tiny details create no obstacle in demonstrating the procedure used to convert the I-O table 1990-91 from purchasers’ prices to producers’ prices. 109 These margin components were available for the original 82-sector I-O table 1990-91, which were aggregated to 60 sectors to make them compatible with our condensed 60-sector I-O table (see Table A5.4c in Appendix 5.4 to see condensation of the 82-sector I-O table 1990-91 into 60 sectors).
318
total of the I-O table at Producers’ prices (the last value of the ‘Total Usage of Domestic Commodities’ column in Table A5.1d) became less than that of the I-O table at Purchasers’ Prices (the last value of the ‘Total Usage of Domestic Commodities’ column in Table A5.1a) by an amount exactly equal to the total margin on sales (Rs216,489 million; see Table A5.1b). This fall occurred because the margin service was double counted in the I-O table at purchasers’ prices—it was added to the basic value of the commodity flows on which it accrued and, in aggregate, in the trade and transport row (for details, see Dixon et al., 1992, pp.30 31). The conversion from purchasers’ prices to producers’ prices removed this double counting.
Tab
le A
5.1a
: A
ggre
gate
d 4-
Sect
or I-
O T
able
199
0-91
at P
urch
aser
s’ P
rice
s with
Dir
ect A
lloca
tion
of Im
port
s Plu
s Im
port
Dut
ies i
n th
e fo
rm
of a
Row
as p
er F
igur
e 5.
2: B
ox 8
(Rs m
illio
n)
Indu
stry
1
Agr
icul
ture
2
Man
ufac
turin
g 3
Ser
vice
s4
Tra
de &
Tr
ansp
ort
Inte
rmed
iate
an
d Pr
imar
y U
se
Expo
rts (f
ob)
Fina
l Con
sum
ptio
n Ex
pend
iture
G
ross
Cap
ital F
orm
atio
n To
tal U
sage
of
Dom
estic
C
omm
oditi
es
Com
mod
ity
H
ouse
hold
s G
ener
al
Gov
ernm
ent
Gro
ss F
ixed
C
apita
l Fo
rmat
ion
Cha
nges
in
Sto
cks
1 A
gric
ultu
re
54,7
5911
6,68
077
459
217
2,80
5 4,
549
237,
305
07
1,35
841
6,02
4
2 M
inin
g
37,7
7735
2,75
770
,979
44,2
8150
5,79
4 10
3,49
328
8,65
08
144,
048
7,59
41,
049,
586
3 S
ervi
ces
964
29,1
4443
,329
14,5
3587
,973
3,
962
109,
544
135,
530
88
337,
024
4 T
rade
& tr
ansp
ort (
mar
gin
com
mod
ity)
67,6
4914
7,11
810
,977
3,21
722
8,96
1 22
,907
22,0
143,
088
2,65
358
279,
681
Tota
l dom
estic
inpu
ts 1
16
1,14
864
5,69
912
6,05
962
,625
995,
532
134,
910
657,
513
138,
626
146,
716
9,01
82,
082,
315
Tota
l dut
y-pa
id im
porte
d in
puts
1a
9,63
275
,039
16,0
549,
395
110,
119
20,6
3370
,668
6,69
028
,140
1,53
4
Ind
irect
taxe
s 2
3,18
359
,491
1,64
412
,870
77,1
88
77,1
88
Sub
sidi
es 3
0
(7,2
30)
(246
)(3
,926
)(1
1,40
2)
(11,
402)
Con
sum
ptio
n of
fixe
d ca
pita
l 4
8,99
242
,635
27,1
0413
,346
92,0
77
92,0
77
Com
pens
atio
n of
em
ploy
ees
5 49
,358
79,1
7310
3,26
322
,980
254,
774
254,
774
Ope
ratin
g su
rplu
s 6
183,
711
154,
779
63,1
4616
2,39
156
4,02
7 56
4,02
7
Tota
l 7
= 1+
1a+2
+3+4
+5+6
41
6,02
41,
049,
586
337,
024
279,
681
2,08
2,31
5 2,
082,
315
Not
e: p
aren
thes
es d
enot
e ne
gativ
e va
lues
. N
ote:
Sin
ce th
e 4-
sect
or I-
O ta
ble
is h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
, the
val
ue o
f a p
artic
ular
com
mod
ity o
r ind
ustry
in it
may
not
tally
with
the
valu
e of
a c
omm
odity
or i
ndus
try w
ith si
mila
r nam
e in
our
60-
sect
or I-
O d
atab
ase.
Thi
s is a
lso
true
for t
he m
argi
n co
mm
odity
—tra
de a
nd tr
ansp
ort—
whi
ch a
lso
cont
ains
som
e no
n-m
argi
n tra
nspo
rt se
rvic
es.
How
ever
, thi
s agg
rega
tion
has n
o ad
vers
e im
pact
on
the
expl
anat
ion
of th
e st
ruct
ure
of th
e I-
O ta
ble
pres
ente
d in
th
is ta
ble
and
the
corr
espo
ndin
g se
ctio
ns o
f thi
s stu
dy.
Sour
ce:
FBS
(200
1a).
Tab
le A
5.1b
: A
ggre
gate
d M
argi
n on
Sal
es o
f Com
mod
ities
to A
ll U
sers
(Rs m
illio
n)
1 A
gric
ultu
re
2 M
anuf
actu
ring
3 S
ervi
ces
4 T
rade
& tr
ansp
ort
Tota
l
68,4
12
148,
077
0 0
216,
489
Sour
ce:
FBS
(200
1a).
Tab
le A
5.1c
: M
argi
n on
Pur
chas
es M
atri
x (R
s mill
ion)
In
dust
ry
1 A
gric
ultu
re
2 M
anuf
actu
ring
3 S
ervi
ces
4 T
rade
&
Tran
spor
t In
term
edia
te a
nd
Prim
ary
Use
Ex
ports
(fob
) Fi
nal C
onsu
mpt
ion
Expe
nditu
re
Gro
ss C
apita
l For
mat
ion
Tota
l M
argi
n
Com
mod
ity
H
ouse
hold
s G
ener
al
Gov
ernm
ent
Gro
ss F
ixed
C
apita
l For
mat
ion
Cha
nges
in
Sto
cks
1 A
gric
ultu
re
9,00
519
,187
127
9728
,416
74
839
,023
01
223
68,4
12
2 M
anuf
actu
ring
5,33
049
,767
10,0
146,
247
71,3
58
14,6
0140
,723
120
,323
1,07
1 14
8,07
7
3 S
ervi
ces
00
00
0 0
00
00
0
4 T
rade
& tr
ansp
ort
00
00
0 0
00
00
0
Tota
l mar
gin
on p
urch
ases
of e
ach
user
14
,334
68,9
5510
,141
6,34
599
,775
15
,349
79,7
461
20,3
241,
295
216,
489
Sour
ce:
Tabl
es A
5.1a
and
A5.
1b.
32
0
32
1
Tab
le A
5.1d
: A
ggre
gate
d 4-
Sect
or I-
O T
able
199
0-91
at P
rodu
cers
’ Pri
ces w
ith D
irec
t Allo
catio
n of
Impo
rts P
lus I
mpo
rt D
utie
s in
the
form
of
a R
ow a
s per
Fig
ure
5.2:
Box
10
(Rs m
illio
n)
Indu
stry
1 A
gric
ultu
re
2 M
anuf
actu
ring
3 S
ervi
ces
4 T
rade
&
Tran
spor
t
Inte
rmed
iate
an
d Pr
imar
y U
se
Expo
rts (f
ob)
Fina
l Con
sum
ptio
n Ex
pend
iture
(pur
chas
ers’
pr
ices
)
Gro
ss C
apita
l For
mat
ion
(pur
chas
ers’
pric
es)
Tota
l Usa
ge o
f D
omes
tic
Com
mod
ities
Com
mod
ity
H
ouse
hold
s G
ener
al
Gov
ernm
ent
Gro
ss F
ixed
C
apita
l Fo
rmat
ion
Cha
nges
in
Stoc
ks
1 A
gric
ultu
re
45,7
54
97,4
93
647
495
144,
389
3,80
1 19
8,28
20
61,
135
347,
612
2 M
anuf
actu
ring
32,4
47
302,
990
60,9
65
38,0
34
434,
436
88,8
92
247,
926
612
3,72
66,
523
901,
509
3 S
ervi
ces
964
29,1
44
43,3
29
14,5
35
87,9
73
3,96
2 10
9,54
413
5,53
08
833
7,02
4 4
Tra
de &
tran
spor
t 13
,571
67
,995
21
,118
9,
562
112,
246
38,2
56
101,
760
3,08
922
,977
1,35
327
9,68
1
Tota
l dom
estic
inpu
ts 1
92
,736
49
7,62
2 12
6,05
9 62
,625
77
9,04
3 13
4,91
0 65
7,51
313
8,62
614
6,71
69,
018
1,86
5,82
6 To
tal d
uty-
paid
impo
rted
inpu
ts 1
a 9,
632
75,0
39
16,0
54
9,39
5 11
0,11
9 20
,633
70
,668
6,69
028
,140
1,53
4
Ind
irect
taxe
s 2
3,18
3 59
,491
1,
644
12,8
70
77,1
88
77,1
88
Sub
sidi
es 3
0
(7,2
30)
(246
) (3
,926
) (1
1,40
2)
(11,
402)
Con
sum
ptio
n of
fixe
d ca
pita
l 4
8,99
2 42
,635
27
,104
13
,346
92
,077
92
,077
Com
pens
atio
n of
em
ploy
ees
5 49
,358
79
,173
10
3,26
3 22
,980
25
4,77
4 25
4,77
4
Ope
ratin
g su
rplu
s 6
183,
711
154,
779
63,1
46
162,
391
564,
027
564,
027
Tota
l 7
= 1+
1a+2
+3+4
+5+6
(pur
chas
ers’
pr
ices
) 34
7,61
2 90
1,50
9 33
7,02
4 27
9,68
1 1,
865,
826
1,86
5,82
6
Not
e: p
aren
thes
es d
enot
e ne
gativ
e va
lues
. N
ote:
Sin
ce th
e 4-
sect
or I-
O ta
ble
is h
ighl
y ag
greg
ated
, the
val
ue o
f a p
artic
ular
com
mod
ity o
r ind
ustry
in it
may
not
tally
with
the
valu
e of
a c
omm
odity
or i
ndus
try w
ith si
mila
r nam
e in
our
60-
sect
or I-
O d
atab
ase.
Thi
s is a
lso
true
for t
he m
argi
n co
mm
odity
—tra
de a
nd tr
ansp
ort—
whi
ch a
lso
cont
ains
som
e no
n-m
argi
n tra
nspo
rt se
rvic
es.
How
ever
, thi
s agg
rega
tion
has n
o ad
vers
e im
pact
on
the
expl
anat
ion
of th
e st
ruct
ure
of th
e I-
O ta
ble
pres
ente
d in
th
is ta
ble
and
the
corr
espo
ndin
g se
ctio
ns o
f thi
s stu
dy.
322
APPENDIX 5.2: INPUT DATA FOR TABLO PROGRAM PAK.TAB (I-O TABLE 1990-91 AT PRODUCERS’ PRICES AND IMPORT MATRIX 1990-91)
Table A5.2a: Input Data for PAK.TAB—60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 at Producers’ Prices with Direct Allocation of Duty-Paid Imports Inclusive of Associated Indirect Tax as a Single row, as per Table 5.2a in Chapter 5 (Rs million) Commodities/Industries 1 CrpRicePad 2 CrpWheat 3 CrpCotnPht 4 CrpSugCane 5 CrpTobacco 6 CrpOtr 7CrpPulsAGram1 CrpRicePad 268.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 2,155.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,192.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 47.61 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 805.71 2,347.17 1,367.81 1,228.73 41.13 6,168.33 75.72 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.75 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 322.65 1,232.65 563.86 450.30 18.22 1,404.94 13.31 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 1.69 42.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.23 0.85 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 432.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 2.68 4.47 2.68 1.79 0.00 6.25 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 9.52 158.10 5.12 5.86 4.19 270.09 2.93 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0031 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 905.65 4,139.75 5,008.81 914.99 36.45 2,609.11 31.69 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 67.53 99.97 60.25 44.36 0.00 66.87 0.66 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 2.34 5.85 3.51 1.17 0.00 6.43 0.00 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 83.81 167.99 104.99 62.63 5.02 165.25 1.64 43 MfElcEqp 1.02 1.02 1.02 0.51 0.00 3.05 0.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.00 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 586.00 1,677.00 915.00 366.00 19.00 1,887.00 27.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 415.77 2,418.09 782.72 223.60 5.75 1,718.54 336.98 52 SrvcUnspcifd 28.46 26.68 23.12 10.67 2.67 92.48 1.78 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax* 1,005.22 3,477.09 1,724.38 841.43 118.62 2,275.38 32.97 WageSalary 3,127.00 10,213.00 6,758.00 4,121.00 338.00 13,844.00 1,228.00 OprSurplus 4,688.00 12,872.00 12,702.00 4,950.00 586.00 52,006.00 4,481.00 Depreciation 247.00 674.00 660.00 260.00 30.00 2,420.00 235.00 IndirectTax 167.42 520.99 151.77 192.02 3.36 1,322.40 102.73 Subsidy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Input 12,736.00 42,236.00 31,268.00 14,868.00 1,256.00 86,271.00 6,636.00 *This row contains the values of imports plus import duties plus indirect tax on imports taken from the corresponding column totals of the Import Matrix (Table A5.2b).
323
Commodities/Industries 8CrpOilSeeds 9 Livestock 10 Forestry 11 Fishing 12 Mining 13MfVegOiletc 14MfMilling 1 CrpRicePad 0.00 1,823.52 0.00 54.45 0.00 0.00 7,306.06 2 CrpWheat 0.00 6,226.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16,729.22 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 1,403.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 170.56 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 1,446.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 68.26 13,334.12 0.00 60.08 0.00 0.00 3,167.70 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 209.34 0.00 2.90 0.00 0.00 52.88 8 CrpOilSeeds 148.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,623.17 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 1,939.04 0.00 312.47 0.00 3,406.63 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 31.00 0.00 136.43 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 769.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.70 4.81 0.00 4.81 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 2,716.88 0.33 24.79 2.07 1,677.42 2.07 14 MfMilling 0.00 133.56 0.00 121.72 4.23 22.82 5,147.05 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.73 0.00 2.18 0.73 0.73 5.80 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.41 2.26 0.00 9.05 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 2,045.68 0.00 591.94 23.64 3,134.16 17.12 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.22 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 1.80 124.05 0.00 0.80 0.00 2,341.69 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.68 8.04 16.08 1.79 1.79 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.76 3.52 0.00 0.88 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.53 0.00 0.00 90.03 5.12 0.73 371.83 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 258.79 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.46 10.92 39.14 93.74 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.36 8.73 0.87 0.87 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.72 5.82 2.91 2.18 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.22 55.92 657.51 248.93 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 286.34 10.43 2.98 14.17 0.75 5.22 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 20.41 0.00 37.45 6.92 13.84 1.73 0.86 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 106.39 0.00 5.97 6.72 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.14 1.32 0.00 758.73 508.46 19.86 49.65 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 8.43 2.38 25.42 4.77 0.79 37 MfOtrCh 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.03 343.07 356.47 1.56 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.04 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.86 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.54 0.00 0.00 14.62 63.73 90.63 4.68 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.55 104.85 62.25 3.28 42 MfOtrNelcMch 1.65 0.00 11.55 15.16 30.86 23.01 6.21 43 MfElcEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.41 57.92 6.10 15.24 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.48 26.45 3.87 11.61 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.00 48.72 0.00 14.60 1.33 7.30 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 48 ElcAWtrwrks 151.00 0.00 62.00 1,438.00 242.00 384.00 1,314.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 41.00 0.00 9.00 221.00 8.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 79.00 0.00 489.00 5.00 17.00 51 TradeTransp 2.30 7,205.78 66.77 1,233.80 3,319.22 561.67 4,071.47 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.89 15.12 0.00 671.38 1,327.63 104.04 260.55 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.00 5.00 16.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.00 74.00 19.00 67.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 196.00 3.00 20.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,078.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 9.88 1.98 0.99 2.97 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.99 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 46.83 97.57 121.52 236.86 3,459.05 2,502.29 6,686.05 WageSalary 762.00 5,039.00 1,595.00 2,333.00 6,646.00 822.00 1,199.00 OprSurplus 2,457.00 67,097.00 11,974.00 9,898.00 10,804.00 1,321.00 16,806.00 Depreciation 128.00 3,414.00 381.00 543.00 3,336.00 120.00 608.00 IndirectTax 36.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 9,698.70 110.27 200.72 Subsidy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Input 3,826.00 114,570.00 14,578.00 19,367.00 42,231.00 20,840.00 64,844.00
324
Commodities/Industries 15MfBakeryPrd 16 MfSugar 17 MfOtrFdPrd 18MfBeverages 19MfCigTobacco 20MfGindCotnLn 21 MfCotnYarn
1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 533.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27,407.57 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 11,133.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 16.91 0.00 763.91 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 12.08 0.00 5,248.29 99.58 51.03 0.00 572.80 7 CrpPulsAGram 2.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.00 528.47 0.00 9 Livestock 9.14 0.00 3,977.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 76.79 6.01 22.31 0.00 31.75 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 1,536.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.96 38.48 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 127.13 0.69 76.43 0.00 0.00 4.51 1.38 14 MfMilling 1,809.52 3.38 1,027.89 0.85 3.38 18.86 2.54 15 MfBakeryPrd 24.44 3.63 4.35 1.45 0.00 0.00 6.53 16 MfSugar 203.66 3,104.82 648.88 367.45 0.00 17.72 3.77 17 MfOtrFdPrd 39.47 10.60 7,309.74 292.71 2.45 0.74 52.18 18 MfBeverages 2.24 3.07 3.07 33.81 0.00 0.00 12.29 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.63 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 6.24 0.00 3.20 0.00 0.00 18.73 14,462.66 21 MfCotnYarn 0.88 2.68 15.19 1.79 0.89 526.64 2,763.34 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.88 99.40 0.00 0.00 0.83 16.23 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 19.04 250.32 5.12 0.73 0.00 108.70 169.08 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 1.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 9.91 2.73 21.84 2.73 1.82 13.11 8.19 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.87 3.49 0.87 0.87 0.82 5.24 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.20 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 2.10 0.73 6.53 10.18 0.00 0.00 2.18 31 MfPprAPprPrd 165.26 201.13 124.78 64.94 1,788.54 271.75 624.14 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.72 4.47 2.24 0.75 0.00 1.93 3.73 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.85 1.73 5.19 1.73 0.86 1.62 44.11 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 3.73 1.49 0.75 0.75 0.00 2.98 35 MfRefPetrol 3.77 140.36 15.89 3.97 9.27 21.08 80.77 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 12.38 1.59 50.84 0.05 2.38 16.38 2,894.05 37 MfOtrCh 21.10 99.92 74.72 46.40 32.06 5.52 160.95 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.58 0.00 0.00 0.95 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.69 23.59 9.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.58 1.17 13.45 1.75 0.58 2.87 14.62 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 13.50 17.47 68.81 28.40 0.00 6.13 36.59 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.36 34.32 10.96 2.19 0.55 3.82 40.72 43 MfElcEqp 3.02 38.61 26.42 8.64 0.00 11.72 53.35 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1.28 41.29 14.84 5.81 1.29 9.41 36.77 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 2.55 10.62 5.97 0.66 1.33 0.00 20.57 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.80 48 ElcAWtrwrks 54.00 166.00 284.00 326.00 72.00 688.00 3,820.00 49 GasSupply 22.00 118.00 143.00 57.00 6.00 17.00 144.00 50 Construction 1.00 63.00 14.00 7.00 2.00 17.00 47.00 51 TradeTransp 146.67 2,114.02 2,132.67 122.31 1,449.69 548.45 1,693.70 52 SrvcUnspcifd 89.81 281.00 587.79 144.06 78.25 208.97 869.68 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 5.00 20.00 19.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 42.00 55 CommSrvc 6.00 40.00 32.00 23.00 9.00 34.00 101.00 56 BnkngInsure 7.00 57.00 42.00 1.00 11.00 135.00 997.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 1.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 41.98 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 154.95 685.97 3,089.71 255.05 696.63 94.11 1,003.04 WageSalary 320.00 2,155.00 1,378.00 267.00 402.00 511.00 4,728.00 OprSurplus 754.00 5,485.00 9,983.00 241.00 4,663.00 1,501.00 6,007.00 Depreciation 127.00 1,240.00 704.00 212.00 96.00 196.00 2,714.00 IndirectTax 145.91 4,804.48 690.02 698.15 12,091.08 325.52 3,249.91 Subsidy -7.00 -4.00 -15.00 -5.00 0.00 0.00 -470.00 Total Input 4,400.00 32,398.00 40,091.00 3,370.00 22,275.00 33,275.00 47,143.00
325
Commodities/Industries 22MfCotnCloth 23 MfArtSilk 24MfMupTxtOtrG 25 MfKnitwear 26 MfCarpets 27 MfGarments 28 MfLthrAPrd1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 521.96 10.70 0.00 113.57 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 1.57 0.00 283.13 0.00 12.53 39.94 3,710.48 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 5.73 0.00 20.59 2.57 124.41 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.66 13 MfVegOiletc 6.20 6.89 0.38 0.00 0.69 0.69 1.38 14 MfMilling 2.54 1.69 3.48 0.85 0.00 1.69 0.00 15 MfBakeryPrd 22.49 7.98 5.41 3.63 0.00 8.71 0.00 16 MfSugar 8.30 6.04 1.02 1.51 0.00 3.77 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 109.26 101.10 88.93 6.52 7.34 16.31 17.12 18 MfBeverages 19.21 6.15 4.29 2.31 0.00 6.92 1.54 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 2,110.34 1,646.22 67.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 10,612.02 1,494.44 3,452.64 3,994.42 2,166.15 1,041.73 0.89 22 MfCotnCloth 3,312.89 839.90 1,044.13 143.39 0.00 9,525.92 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 791.44 6,518.91 18.30 0.00 6.88 4.37 7.74 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 278.87 75.48 651.26 10.17 17.70 245.77 2.93 25 MfKnitwear 62.76 0.00 0.00 732.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 6.45 0.00 886.10 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 79.18 1.82 47.58 38.23 19.11 2,463.74 3.64 28 MfLthrAPrd 5.24 1.75 0.75 2.62 0.00 387.60 46.33 29 MfFootwear 4.86 0.00 2.72 0.00 0.00 1.39 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 3.23 18.17 1.82 0.00 6.54 2.91 0.73 31 MfPprAPprPrd 242.62 84.46 103.97 73.11 0.00 320.90 24.35 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.98 1.49 2.46 0.75 0.00 2.24 0.75 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 7.78 5.19 0.73 2.59 0.86 5.19 1.73 34 MfChACnsrPrd 15.67 20.15 1.97 0.75 2.24 2.24 4.48 35 MfRefPetrol 143.67 25.82 15.56 7.94 9.27 11.26 6.62 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 999.37 18.85 243.79 23.43 0.00 161.10 7.94 37 MfOtrCh 893.48 1,156.87 151.55 43.27 111.15 114.25 245.33 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 2.78 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 11.11 5.85 3.91 0.58 0.00 7.60 0.58 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 13.11 4.91 5.25 3.28 0.00 5.46 1.09 42 MfOtrNelcMch 25.56 9.68 9.31 4.02 0.37 16.25 2.01 43 MfElcEqp 53.86 25.41 16.50 13.72 2.54 25.40 6.10 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 42.58 20.64 16.84 7.74 1.94 14.84 3.87 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 9.29 0.00 1.95 1.33 0.00 64.38 1.33 47 MfSprtGds 1.92 0.00 1.84 0.00 0.00 27.84 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 3,012.00 1,509.00 567.00 114.00 63.00 379.00 72.00 49 GasSupply 497.00 211.00 346.00 32.00 12.00 53.00 28.00 50 Construction 59.00 29.00 28.00 9.00 2.00 16.00 5.00 51 TradeTransp 2,712.90 2,176.45 458.52 68.61 489.99 2,119.27 1,445.60 52 SrvcUnspcifd 843.00 386.82 214.31 264.99 52.47 542.43 112.93 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 38.00 14.00 21.00 9.00 8.00 63.00 13.00 55 CommSrvc 77.00 44.00 50.00 31.00 51.00 132.00 41.00 56 BnkngInsure 712.00 323.00 130.00 185.00 261.00 520.00 236.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 23.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 2,434.12 3,283.25 514.15 205.11 873.22 991.39 822.41 WageSalary 5,158.00 2,625.00 1,648.00 1,187.00 321.00 2,258.00 242.00 OprSurplus 3,371.00 2,353.00 3,133.00 1,340.00 1,517.00 2,296.00 938.00 Depreciation 2,549.00 1,181.00 419.00 535.00 83.00 440.00 122.00 IndirectTax 765.83 837.25 207.56 366.17 25.33 167.39 33.02 Subsidy -1,006.00 0.00 -528.00 -1,074.00 -22.00 -1,526.00 -611.00 Total Input 41,149.00 27,081.00 13,994.00 8,411.00 7,009.00 23,112.00 7,732.00
326
Commodities/Industries 29MfFootwear 30MfWdAWdPrdAF31MfPprAPprPrd32MfPhrmcutics33MfFrtlsrAPst34MfChACnsrPrd35MfRefPetrol1 CrpRicePad 0.00 10.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 751.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 26.34 6.46 84.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 1,272.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 119.82 0.00 10 Forestry 59.20 638.86 5.14 0.00 0.00 155.30 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 2.77 0.96 53.14 1,703.66 2.89 9,744.48 13 MfVegOiletc 0.69 0.38 2.07 6.20 16.16 236.50 0.00 14 MfMilling 3.38 0.70 12.68 3.38 0.61 2.54 0.85 15 MfBakeryPrd 2.18 8.57 5.08 0.00 1.72 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 1.51 37.67 377.26 502.51 1.09 0.75 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 7.34 11.98 44.84 83.16 51.99 85.61 0.82 18 MfBeverages 3.84 7.51 6.15 40.72 0.80 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.60 1.44 15.21 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 8.04 2.36 2.68 8.93 3.61 7.15 1.79 22 MfCotnCloth 0.88 9.87 35.19 2.64 1.37 2.64 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 15.85 0.00 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 108.33 3.25 21.96 2.93 1.82 106.13 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 7.38 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.00 27 MfGarments 6.37 82.85 15.47 5.46 2.30 11.83 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 94.83 3.73 1.75 4.36 1.34 2.62 0.00 29 MfFootwear 713.27 2.33 0.69 1.39 0.41 2.78 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 3.63 1,342.13 0.00 4.36 1.16 231.18 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 22.55 485.02 4,268.58 0.00 168.38 558.51 14.43 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.75 0.00 0.75 100.79 8.47 1.49 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 1.73 0.73 4.32 26.81 1,400.29 6.05 0.86 34 MfChACnsrPrd 2.98 12.31 5.97 18.65 8.84 232.81 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 7.94 29.56 64.22 5.30 1.17 7.16 229.07 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 70.68 330.87 30.83 267.72 145.69 521.93 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 74.41 39.31 335.29 1,071.26 1,055.50 1,191.12 9.96 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 4.77 6.38 0.00 0.95 15.07 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 26.52 64.53 37.47 2.43 1.39 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.58 92.66 25.73 4.68 2.17 1.17 2.92 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 3.28 23.19 7.65 8.74 0.91 2.73 23.48 42 MfOtrNelcMch 4.57 3.81 15.34 4.93 6.85 8.40 38.53 43 MfElcEqp 12.19 7.79 24.39 32.01 18.00 17.78 65.04 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 10.97 6.01 38.71 15.48 13.23 7.10 78.06 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 8.63 0.00 40.49 5.31 2.70 3.98 3.32 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 1.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 57.00 383.00 700.00 135.00 464.00 156.00 620.00 49 GasSupply 26.00 32.00 290.00 42.00 1,160.00 196.00 404.00 50 Construction 15.00 10.00 32.00 15.00 19.00 5.00 125.00 51 TradeTransp 2,130.66 192.44 2,265.03 859.37 292.82 1,451.29 623.72 52 SrvcUnspcifd 187.63 193.85 321.02 707.84 316.57 467.74 54.24 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 20.00 8.00 24.00 62.00 45.00 20.00 5.00 55 CommSrvc 17.00 16.00 63.00 40.00 53.00 42.00 8.00 56 BnkngInsure 48.00 68.00 181.00 47.00 85.00 78.00 14.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.00 0.99 17.79 0.99 0.99 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 6.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 326.43 279.07 1,109.38 3,344.81 2,973.84 3,367.55 13,715.26 WageSalary 316.00 1,023.00 2,275.00 1,145.00 1,437.00 862.00 182.00 OprSurplus 373.00 4,013.00 2,595.00 1,194.00 3,759.00 620.00 1,547.00 Depreciation 43.00 481.00 898.00 238.00 921.00 218.00 63.00 IndirectTax 11.82 122.84 661.03 125.44 340.58 498.93 233.17 Subsidy -1.00 -2.00 -7.00 -37.00 -474.00 -3.00 0.00 Total Input 6,109.00 10,087.00 17,705.00 10,265.00 16,035.00 11,527.00 27,808.00
327
Commodities/Industries 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 37 MfOtrCh 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 40 MfBasMetlPrd 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 42 MfOtrNelcMch
1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 135.70 2.83 2.83 1.88 2.83 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 114.63 2.80 1.86 1.86 1.86 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 883.07 41.97 0.00 4.94 0.00 0.00 16.46 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 4.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 899.04 0.00 0.00 0.78 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 98.39 1.72 447.04 7.72 5.15 4.29 5.15 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 12 Mining 6.73 4,911.36 4,303.81 376.52 3,647.75 1,126.39 43.29 13 MfVegOiletc 6.20 64.72 0.00 1.38 0.00 2.07 0.69 14 MfMilling 1.69 1.69 0.85 1.69 0.85 0.85 0.85 15 MfBakeryPrd 3.63 0.73 13.06 3.63 2.18 8.71 5.80 16 MfSugar 65.64 0.75 3.02 1.51 1.51 3.02 4.53 17 MfOtrFdPrd 71.75 48.10 4.89 4.08 2.45 21.20 7.34 18 MfBeverages 5.38 2.31 6.92 6.15 3.07 13.06 4.61 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 61.62 3.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 583.40 0.89 3.57 0.89 2.68 0.00 33.95 22 MfCotnCloth 15.83 1.76 0.88 0.00 0.88 0.00 1.76 23 MfArtSilk 1,110.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.40 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 147.12 0.00 0.00 0.73 0.73 0.00 6.59 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 34.59 1.82 64.62 13.65 7.28 20.93 14.56 28 MfLthrAPrd 5.24 0.00 1.75 0.87 1.75 0.87 2.62 29 MfFootwear 31.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.69 1.39 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 21.81 6.54 0.73 23.99 8.72 12.36 15.99 31 MfPprAPprPrd 102.14 32.76 833.39 122.66 1.70 19.18 24.35 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.24 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.00 2.98 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 39.78 18.16 5.19 1.73 10.38 2.59 3.46 34 MfChACnsrPrd 26.12 8.21 0.00 0.00 1.49 79.10 5.22 35 MfRefPetrol 92.98 4.17 1,517.81 0.00 56.94 9.93 14.48 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 4,682.68 5.56 2.38 0.00 1.67 9.53 4.77 37 MfOtrCh 1,001.52 470.70 6.54 4.05 5.29 186.79 23.04 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 9.54 74.43 286.26 349.24 59.16 20.99 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 1.39 9.02 75.63 199.82 95.75 5.55 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 4.68 1.75 54.96 21.05 3,158.55 1,058.30 1,024.97 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 64.44 5.46 2.18 3.28 262.67 52.42 78.64 42 MfOtrNelcMch 9.86 3.47 6.39 2.74 10.96 4.38 1,151.79 43 MfElcEqp 26.42 4.06 19.31 8.13 45.22 5.59 33.03 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 20.00 3.23 13.55 5.81 18.71 2.58 8.39 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 10.62 1.99 4.65 2.65 7.96 4.65 6.64 47 MfSprtGds 8.64 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 821.00 388.00 2,756.00 246.00 549.00 136.00 357.00 49 GasSupply 278.00 82.00 607.00 264.00 347.00 19.00 86.00 50 Construction 27.00 4.00 17.00 8.00 27.00 4.00 8.00 51 TradeTransp 38.03 1,936.00 852.67 196.72 1,059.95 697.43 1,293.94 52 SrvcUnspcifd 448.18 52.47 376.15 109.38 227.65 116.49 376.15 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 39.00 5.00 18.00 10.00 15.00 9.00 37.00 55 CommSrvc 60.00 15.00 33.00 49.00 29.00 17.00 49.00 56 BnkngInsure 95.00 58.00 164.00 48.00 106.00 58.00 299.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 3,331.53 1,320.27 290.17 356.55 2,541.19 1,257.49 5,979.88 WageSalary 1,713.00 484.00 3,416.00 522.00 3,138.00 1,186.00 1,596.00 OprSurplus 3,660.00 797.00 7,154.00 1,160.00 1,063.00 1,200.00 1,750.00 Depreciation 952.00 194.00 1,357.00 304.00 2,567.00 924.00 360.00 IndirectTax 612.28 896.03 5,585.62 320.09 392.55 108.95 55.63 Subsidy -3.00 0.00 -157.00 -29.00 -65.00 -1.00 -7.00 Total Input 21,330.00 12,870.00 30,402.00 4,741.00 19,426.00 8,413.00 14,797.00
328
Commodities/Industries 43 MfElcEqp 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 45 MfSrgInstrmt 46 MfOterHndCrf 47 MfSprtGds 48 ElcAWtrwrks 49 GasSupply
1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 3.77 0.00 1.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 2.80 0.00 1.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.41 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 675.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 3.14 1.72 1.72 0.00 60.92 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 6.73 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.00 2,566.51 4,928.12 13 MfVegOiletc 0.69 0.00 0.00 1.38 0.00 1.38 0.00 14 MfMilling 6.76 0.85 0.00 4.23 0.00 0.85 0.85 15 MfBakeryPrd 9.43 8.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 3.02 3.77 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 13.05 8.97 0.00 13.86 1.63 14.68 0.00 18 MfBeverages 11.53 8.45 2.31 0.00 3.07 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 10.72 4.47 0.89 6.25 2.68 2.68 2.68 22 MfCotnCloth 2.41 0.88 0.00 57.18 230.48 0.88 0.88 23 MfArtSilk 0.86 6.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 6.59 1.46 1.46 0.73 667.53 0.73 0.73 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 28.21 6.37 20.02 51.88 4.55 1.82 1.82 28 MfLthrAPrd 4.36 2.62 0.00 18.33 30.55 1.75 0.87 29 MfFootwear 1.39 0.00 0.00 3.47 0.69 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 18.90 34.88 0.00 1,107.21 169.39 0.73 0.73 31 MfPprAPprPrd 206.54 128.98 77.57 0.00 87.49 311.17 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.98 1.49 0.75 1.49 0.75 0.75 8.20 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 6.92 3.46 0.86 2.59 1.73 2.59 1.73 34 MfChACnsrPrd 1.49 0.00 2.24 3.73 0.75 3.73 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 14.35 55.61 3.97 11.26 13.24 2,954.79 17.88 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 257.21 15.65 0.79 824.27 100.89 3.18 0.79 37 MfOtrCh 65.38 8.09 0.31 196.12 23.98 209.83 0.31 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 15.96 0.00 6.94 440.59 2.08 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 3,904.62 3,026.97 440.86 313.98 2.92 10.52 30.99 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 181.85 27.85 30.58 18.02 2.18 0.55 105.39 42 MfOtrNelcMch 77.60 34.69 1.64 0.18 1.83 0.18 26.29 43 MfElcEqp 1,179.82 61.99 4.57 12.19 6.61 325.19 48.78 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 23.87 7,571.66 3.87 2.58 3.87 1.94 21.93 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 6.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 17.26 14.60 1.99 392.25 2.65 0.00 37.17 47 MfSprtGds 0.96 0.00 0.00 1.92 185.28 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 421.00 413.00 36.00 640.00 31.00 2,979.00 8.00 49 GasSupply 84.00 27.00 4.00 59.00 6.00 3,341.00 0.00 50 Construction 29.00 33.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 38.00 51 TradeTransp 2,909.35 2,029.32 151.83 1,589.93 412.52 2,236.59 338.69 52 SrvcUnspcifd 786.98 417.94 39.13 316.57 138.72 1,048.41 191.19 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 82.00 54.00 11.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 126.00 74.00 29.00 40.00 28.00 175.00 54.00 56 BnkngInsure 251.00 203.00 70.00 143.00 167.00 29.00 56.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.99 0.99 0.00 1.98 0.00 0.00 0.99 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 4,958.22 6,068.22 623.16 1,049.62 89.77 895.47 471.03 WageSalary 2,326.00 2,336.00 193.00 809.00 177.00 696.00 1,303.00 OprSurplus 4,305.00 2,744.00 344.00 1,300.00 492.00 25,155.00 242.00 Depreciation 604.00 653.00 50.00 225.00 49.00 3,884.00 1,736.00 IndirectTax 684.30 139.31 6.67 111.50 20.83 178.12 3,453.96 Subsidy 0.00 -18.00 -146.00 0.00 -237.00 -774.00 0.00 Total Input 23,664.00 26,216.00 2,033.00 10,450.00 3,002.00 46,260.00 13,129.00
329
Commodities/Industries 50 Construction 51 TradeTransp 52 SrvcUnspcifd 53 TrnsptWater 54 TrnsptAir 55 CommSrvc 56 BnkngInsure 1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.94 30.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.93 27.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 371.21 1,942.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 118.41 795.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 2,448.19 3.85 57.72 0.00 489.64 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 8.95 1.38 7.57 0.00 2.07 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 9.30 192.73 244.29 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.85 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 179.22 659.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 64.89 154.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 17 MfOtrFdPrd 98.66 181.01 734.62 0.00 19.57 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 122.17 305.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 1.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 14.29 29.48 23.23 0.00 2.68 1.79 4.47 22 MfCotnCloth 7.04 12.32 7.92 0.00 1.76 0.00 0.88 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.86 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 3.66 10.25 5.12 0.00 0.73 0.00 0.73 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 5.77 69.20 33.64 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.91 1,477.15 648.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.64 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.87 4.36 9.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75 29 MfFootwear 13.20 21.53 6.95 0.00 2.78 0.00 0.69 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 1,955.61 1,051.23 309.70 0.00 387.49 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 65.84 248.03 894.72 16.23 13.53 203.84 750.41 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.75 5.97 23.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.49 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 9.51 4.32 12.97 0.00 1.73 0.86 3.46 34 MfChACnsrPrd 25.37 1.49 446.22 0.00 5.22 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 742.17 7,239.17 716.35 353.54 3,192.47 7.94 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 2,882.13 2,759.33 269.31 0.00 576.74 0.00 1.59 37 MfOtrCh 1,452.31 10.90 296.69 0.93 291.08 0.00 0.31 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 28,797.02 74.43 2.86 0.00 7.63 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 2,077.35 45.10 79.79 2.78 1.39 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 3,236.30 119.86 104.66 0.58 95.89 0.58 2.34 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 2,342.71 309.08 346.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 7.30 138.04 8.76 0.18 1.46 32.68 0.18 43 MfElcEqp 51.83 402.42 105.69 1.52 7.62 304.86 13.72 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 47.09 2,745.59 64.51 60.64 9.68 88.38 3.87 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 5.97 13.94 91.59 0.00 1.33 17.92 0.00 47 MfSprtGds 4.80 23.04 7.68 0.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 9.00 933.00 1,902.00 225.00 2.00 47.00 455.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 143.00 1,275.00 27.00 0.00 3.00 194.00 50 Construction 0.00 1,006.00 9,433.00 0.00 0.00 178.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 6,682.77 8,428.47 3,369.29 193.23 2,228.70 103.14 378.40 52 SrvcUnspcifd 140.50 10,406.77 8,103.64 248.99 28.46 454.40 3,934.89 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 266.00 351.00 20.00 0.00 126.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 3.00 870.00 1,524.00 34.00 1.00 56.00 574.00 56 BnkngInsure 198.00 2,663.00 117.00 94.00 28.00 2.00 24,310.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 625.00 2,083.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.99 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 2.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 7,290.47 24,743.01 2,085.61 66.68 807.76 508.07 507.91 WageSalary 18,315.00 16,555.00 7,047.00 1,296.00 5,129.00 2,409.00 13,956.00 OprSurplus 11,275.00 155,231.00 66,616.00 3,210.00 3,950.00 8,600.00 -10,419.00Depreciation 10,779.00 11,082.00 18,364.00 257.00 2,007.00 445.00 1,199.00 IndirectTax 2,135.35 6,599.94 612.15 14.83 577.67 4.53 6.83 Subsidy 0.00 -3,926.00 -30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Input 103,143.00 253,683.00 132,382.00 6,124.00 19,874.00 13,603.00 35,890.00
330
Commodities/Industries 57 PubAdmnAdefc 58 Education 59 HealthCare 60 OtrSoACuSrvc1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.94 0.00 7.54 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.93 0.00 6.52 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 150.61 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 8.61 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 10.30 0.86 151.01 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.96 0.96 13.47 13 MfVegOiletc 4.82 0.00 0.00 0.69 14 MfMilling 16.91 180.89 0.85 76.08 15 MfBakeryPrd 2.18 2.90 12.34 27.57 16 MfSugar 11.32 1.51 4.53 11.32 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.82 2.45 12.23 56.26 18 MfBeverages 0.00 2.31 9.22 20.75 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 195.66 0.89 0.89 7.15 22 MfCotnCloth 20.23 0.00 0.00 1.76 23 MfArtSilk 3.44 0.00 0.00 0.86 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 22.69 22.69 14.64 1.46 25 MfKnitwear 2.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 35.50 11.83 24.57 123.78 28 MfLthrAPrd 777.83 0.00 0.00 2.62 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 8.90 7.33 3.14 0.09 31 MfPprAPprPrd 83.88 316.58 23.45 8.47 32 MfPhrmcutics 22.37 4.47 1,593.51 186.42 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 38.05 0.00 0.00 7.78 34 MfChACnsrPrd 16.42 2.98 0.00 14.18 35 MfRefPetrol 1,342.00 43.03 31.12 250.26 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 23.04 0.00 3.18 10.33 37 MfOtrCh 6.54 0.00 8.41 18.68 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 3.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 1.39 1.39 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 23.39 1.75 1.17 4.68 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 12.56 0.55 0.55 36.59 42 MfOtrNelcMch 5,288.63 2.01 2.19 58.25 43 MfElcEqp 176.82 3.56 1.52 111.78 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 237.40 6.45 7.74 120.64 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.04 0.00 1.26 0.21 46 MfOterHndCrf 4.65 7.30 2.65 122.79 47 MfSprtGds 0.96 11.52 0.00 23.04 48 ElcAWtrwrks 2,958.00 481.00 395.00 973.00 49 GasSupply 207.00 34.00 37.00 49.00 50 Construction 17,933.00 174.00 21.00 191.00 51 TradeTransp 11,399.00 266.59 642.62 532.21 52 SrvcUnspcifd 3,960.67 254.32 235.65 894.58 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 1.00 10.00 44.00 55 CommSrvc 2,394.00 133.00 56.00 188.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 3.00 3.00 26.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 2.00 22.00 0.00 118.00 59 HealthCare 7.91 0.00 221.41 7.91 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 1,711.25 48.98 73.97 574.75 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 23,302.36 54.43 126.81 829.11 WageSalary 57,275.00 17,848.00 3,655.00 2,929.00 OprSurplus -3,218.00 3,080.00 3,296.00 715.00 Depreciation 2,689.00 1,041.00 385.00 3,434.00 IndirectTax 0.00 1.93 7.58 936.44 Subsidy 0.00 -3.00 -1.00 -213.00 Total Input 129,006.00 24,247.00 10,926.00 13,712.00
331
Commodities/Industries PrivateCons GovtCons Invest Stocks ExpGoods ExpSrvces1 CrpRicePad 1,525.36 0.00 0.00 1,747.93 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 17,017.19 0.00 0.00 -435.23 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 2,093.53 0.00 0.00 1.88 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 179.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 416.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.90 0.00 6 CrpOtr 48,608.62 0.00 0.00 2.47 1,143.14 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 6,267.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 37.11 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 42.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 478.13 0.00 9 Livestock 91,018.48 0.00 5.48 0.00 558.37 0.00 10 Forestry 10,656.86 0.00 0.00 4.91 887.21 0.00 11 Fishing 16,178.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 879.81 0.00 12 Mining 539.50 0.00 4,013.75 2.69 1,166.86 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 15,807.63 0.00 8.95 2.75 4.82 0.00 14 MfMilling 49,896.63 7.60 0.00 280.45 5,535.41 0.00 15 MfBakeryPrd 3,261.30 0.00 3.63 54.43 24.67 0.00 16 MfSugar 25,688.39 0.00 18.86 17.75 1,011.05 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 21,959.91 0.00 0.82 471.58 2,188.37 0.00 18 MfBeverages 2,420.07 0.00 0.00 260.47 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 22,065.84 0.00 0.00 39.03 165.49 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 762.64 0.00 0.00 1,818.77 9,388.36 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 574.98 0.00 217.10 32.86 19,227.25 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 9,807.89 0.00 27.27 431.25 15,474.53 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 13,533.36 0.00 0.00 246.66 4,806.28 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 3,152.03 0.00 9.52 67.33 6,845.12 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 271.98 0.00 6.02 7.44 7,067.20 0.00 26 MfCarpets 167.82 0.00 1.92 43.25 5,776.92 0.00 27 MfGarments 3,306.94 0.00 10.92 23.13 14,185.38 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 611.72 0.00 6.11 58.47 5,607.16 0.00 29 MfFootwear 4,792.42 0.00 0.00 160.99 328.51 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 2,489.33 0.00 707.39 35.27 60.34 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 2,418.00 0.00 0.00 30.64 106.43 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 7,771.49 0.00 8.95 -213.57 379.55 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 495.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 110.70 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 10,299.93 0.00 25.37 19.33 79.84 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 6,415.05 0.00 0.00 76.13 113.87 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 2,812.64 0.00 15.89 80.97 142.99 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 81.56 0.00 0.00 48.26 808.84 0.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 67.28 0.00 13.36 514.19 44.04 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 1,166.56 0.00 3.36 95.33 238.48 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 42.69 0.00 1,887.93 343.31 117.66 0.00 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 656.03 0.00 2,936.98 43.78 446.98 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 89.89 0.00 6,680.40 35.53 197.17 0.00 43 MfElcEqp 2,794.49 0.00 16,691.10 519.40 122.98 0.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1,015.59 0.00 12,834.37 660.76 124.56 0.00 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,025.30 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 8,913.69 0.00 16.54 24.48 465.73 0.00 47 MfSprtGds 111.59 0.00 2.88 36.41 2,540.23 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 5,390.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 1,832.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 7,223.00 0.00 65,667.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 125,144.34 3,088.94 8,708.05 1,297.38 0.00 17,620.25 52 SrvcUnspcifd 89,573.11 0.00 0.89 8.89 0.00 0.00 53 TrnsptWater 207.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,917.00 54 TrnsptAir 1,335.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16,927.00 55 CommSrvc 1,760.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4,140.00 56 BnkngInsure 2,342.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 7,400.00 117,820.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 5,217.00 18,727.00 7.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 59 HealthCare 5,025.06 5,598.34 0.99 -1.98 0.00 12.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 11,200.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 44,264.99 74.12 54,317.21 1,545.20 0.00 0.00 WageSalary OprSurplus Depreciation IndirectTax Subsidy Total Input
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Commodities/Industries ImpGoods ImpSalesTax ImpDuty ImpSrvces Total Output Total Supply (the last cell includes the total of the ‘Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax’ row)
1 CrpRicePad 12,736.00 12,736.00 2 CrpWheat 42,236.00 42,236.00 3 CrpCotnPht 31,268.00 31,268.00 4 CrpSugCane 14,868.00 14,868.00 5 CrpTobacco 1,256.00 1,256.00 6 CrpOtr 86,271.00 86,271.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 6,636.00 6,636.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 3,826.00 3,826.00 9 Livestock 114,570.00 114,570.00 10 Forestry 14,578.00 14,578.00 11 Fishing 19,367.00 19,367.00 12 Mining 42,231.00 42,231.00 13 MfVegOiletc 20,840.00 20,840.00 14 MfMilling 64,844.00 64,844.00 15 MfBakeryPrd 4,400.00 4,400.00 16 MfSugar 32,398.00 32,398.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 40,091.00 40,091.00 18 MfBeverages 3,370.00 3,370.00 19 MfCigTobacco 22,275.00 22,275.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 33,275.00 33,275.00 21 MfCotnYarn 47,143.00 47,143.00 22 MfCotnCloth 41,149.00 41,149.00 23 MfArtSilk 27,081.00 27,081.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 13,994.00 13,994.00 25 MfKnitwear 8,411.00 8,411.00 26 MfCarpets 7,009.00 7,009.00 27 MfGarments 23,112.00 23,112.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 7,732.00 7,732.00 29 MfFootwear 6,109.00 6,109.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 10,087.00 10,087.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 17,705.00 17,705.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 10,265.00 10,265.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 16,035.00 16,035.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 11,527.00 11,527.00 35 MfRefPetrol 27,808.00 27,808.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 21,330.00 21,330.00 37 MfOtrCh 12,870.00 12,870.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 30,402.00 30,402.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 4,741.00 4,741.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 19,426.00 19,426.00 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 8,413.00 8,413.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 14,797.00 14,797.00 43 MfElcEqp 23,664.00 23,664.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 26,216.00 26,216.00 45 MfSrgInstrmt 2,033.00 2,033.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 10,450.00 10,450.00 47 MfSprtGds 3,002.00 3,002.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 46,260.00 46,260.00 49 GasSupply 13,129.00 13,129.00 50 Construction 103,143.00 103,143.00 51 TradeTransp 253,683.00 253,683.00 52 SrvcUnspcifd 132,382.00 132,382.00 53 TrnsptWater 6,124.00 6,124.00 54 TrnsptAir 19,874.00 19,874.00 55 CommSrvc 13,603.00 13,603.00 56 BnkngInsure 35,890.00 35,890.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 129,006.00 129,006.00 58 Education 24,247.00 24,247.00 59 HealthCare 10,926.00 10,926.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 13,712.00 13,712.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 176,961.88 14,816.99 43,514.89 17,307.23 252,601.00** WageSalary OprSurplus Depreciation IndirectTax Subsidy Total Input 1,865,826.00*** **This is the total of the ‘Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax’ row’. ***This cell sums the ‘Total Output’ column, which is equal to the total of the ‘Total Input’ row.
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Table A5.2b: Input Data for PAK.TAB—Import Matrix 1990-91 Including Import Duty and Indirect Taxes on Sales, as per Table 5.2b in Chapter 5 (Rs million) Commodities/Industries 1 CrpRicePad 2 CrpWheat 3 CrpCotnPht 4 CrpSugCane 5 CrpTobacco 6 CrpOtr 7CrpPulsAGram1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.70 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 610.30 2,692.38 1,256.35 552.08 92.92 1,392.14 12.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 1.68 4.12 2.40 0.83 0.00 4.91 0.00 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 385.51 757.16 458.16 284.74 25.03 805.81 8.96 43 MfElcEqp 0.96 0.94 0.91 0.47 0.00 3.04 0.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.00 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 2.92 18.45 3.61 1.88 0.32 55.87 9.01 52 SrvcUnspcifd 3.84 3.52 2.96 1.42 0.35 13.22 0.28 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 1,005.22 3,477.09 1,724.38 841.43 118.62 2,275.38 32.97
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Commodities/Industries 8CrpOilSeeds 9 Livestock 10 Forestry 11 Fishing 12 Mining 13MfVegOiletc 14MfMilling 15MfBakeryPrd1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6,531.49 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 6.91 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 1.76 0.10 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 209.74 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,286.98 0.00 8.19 14 MfMilling 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.87 0.09 0.16 36.98 14.13 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 45.75 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.51 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 32.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.65 2,156.02 784.37 3.42 49.61 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.25 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.44 0.00 0.00 9.72 122.38 60.94 3.14 0.42 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.00 0.00 0.74 0.18 101.96 21.20 1.11 5.15 42 MfOtrNelcMch 13.31 0.00 90.00 64.40 378.69 98.86 26.60 1.67 43 MfElcEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.11 145.59 5.37 13.38 2.86 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.76 36.85 1.89 5.65 0.67 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.00 26.23 0.00 3.96 0.13 0.69 0.27 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 0.33 87.71 4.53 9.24 35.83 18.31 29.04 3.56 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.13 1.88 0.00 83.62 477.57 13.10 32.72 12.05 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.12 0.02 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 46.83 97.57 121.52 236.86 3,459.05 2,502.29 6,686.05 154.95
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Commodities/Industries 16 MfSugar 17MfOtrFdPrd 18MfBeverages 19MfCigTobacco 20MfGindCotnLn 21MfCotnYarn 22MfCotnCloth1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 83.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 19.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.03 7.66 0.01 0.13 0.15 0.02 0.02 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 2,647.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 121.77 82.47 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.26 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.62 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 28.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 305.42 169.95 165.87 366.31 12.39 408.05 2,027.76 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.25 6.28 4.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.74 40 MfBasMetlPrd 1.09 9.35 1.92 2.04 1.97 11.32 7.70 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 8.26 24.22 15.71 0.00 2.62 14.35 4.60 42 MfOtrNelcMch 204.86 48.66 15.30 12.22 18.13 201.58 113.29 43 MfElcEqp 47.20 24.04 12.35 0.00 10.78 54.10 48.89 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 27.97 7.48 4.60 3.27 4.74 20.66 21.42 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 1.40 0.59 0.10 0.65 0.00 2.25 0.91 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 40.33 18.30 3.94 177.82 16.89 7.09 15.18 52 SrvcUnspcifd 49.16 76.53 29.48 51.17 26.44 126.20 109.51 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 685.97 3,089.71 255.05 696.63 94.11 1,003.04 2,434.12
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Commodities/Industries 23 MfArtSilk 24MfMupTxtOtrG 25 MfKnitwear 26 MfCarpets 27 MfGarments 28 MfLthrAPrd 29 MfFootwear 1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 343.29 0.00 1.17 542.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 20.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 470.67 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 38.05 2.70 3.29 0.00 2.96 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.95 17.71 2.31 9.92 0.23 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 249.04 36.50 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 4.72 3.80 5.41 9.09 9.33 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.29 14.49 13.69 54.54 68.15 0.00 55.23 37 MfOtrCh 2,723.78 354.84 103.14 244.27 252.09 538.39 162.50 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 4.21 2.82 0.43 0.00 5.12 0.39 0.39 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 1.79 3.62 1.21 0.00 1.86 0.37 1.11 42 MfOtrNelcMch 44.49 53.11 18.70 1.57 70.02 8.61 19.47 43 MfElcEqp 23.92 16.51 13.08 2.23 22.42 5.35 10.65 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 10.77 9.04 4.09 0.94 7.26 1.88 5.31 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.32 0.14 0.00 6.13 0.13 0.81 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 13.65 7.46 2.33 1.23 6.61 4.06 10.97 52 SrvcUnspcifd 52.13 27.69 36.15 6.60 68.51 14.19 23.45 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 3,283.25 514.15 205.11 873.22 991.39 822.41 326.43
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Commodities/Industries 30MfWdAWdPrdAF 31MfPprAPprPrd 32MfPhrmcutics 33MfFrtlsrAPst 34MfChACnsrPrd 35 MfRefPetrol 36MfRbrAPlsPrd
1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 15.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 161.46 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.81 188.80 0.00 13,359.28 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 188.17 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.10 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 11.14 3.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 1.71 87.43 160.43 0.00 3.22 0.00 10.69 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 506.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.39 7.21 0.00 2.80 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 2.19 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 585.78 37 MfOtrCh 92.79 804.28 2,493.29 2,654.81 3,019.72 23.02 2,388.52 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.04 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 8.68 18.11 10.20 0.96 0.41 0.00 0.39 40 MfBasMetlPrd 67.48 18.86 3.33 1.69 0.91 2.06 3.41 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 16.15 2.84 3.15 1.60 1.07 8.40 23.78 42 MfOtrNelcMch 21.90 71.84 22.41 49.86 41.58 173.84 45.92 43 MfElcEqp 7.86 23.40 29.80 20.23 18.03 60.11 25.20 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 3.25 20.58 7.99 7.80 3.99 39.98 10.57 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 4.19 0.53 0.81 0.44 0.33 1.09 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 4.28 10.15 11.52 3.87 14.90 41.06 10.67 52 SrvcUnspcifd 25.25 44.08 94.30 42.95 67.87 7.17 61.18 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.01 0.22 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 279.07 1,109.38 3,344.81 2,973.84 3,367.55 13,715.26 3,331.53
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Commodities/Industries 37 MfOtrCh 38MfBrkTilCmnt 39MfOtrNmtMPrd 40MfBasMetlPrd 41MfOtrMtPrdJ 42MfOtrNelcMch 43 MfElcEqp
1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.74 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 80.24 0.00 188.57 0.00 5.33 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 1.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 8.88 0.00 0.00 17.21 9.19 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 4.27 2.42 24.88 0.00 0.00 17.78 7.08 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 1.24 10.58 0.00 0.00 151.36 37 MfOtrCh 1,183.92 23.62 10.96 12.30 427.58 52.03 159.25 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.30 1.66 1.51 0.22 0.08 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 2.65 31.96 63.28 26.04 1.49 0.00 4.55 40 MfBasMetlPrd 1.35 60.67 17.41 2,243.63 740.23 707.38 2,906.19 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 2.13 1.22 1.37 94.49 18.57 27.48 68.54 42 MfOtrNelcMch 17.04 45.08 14.48 49.73 19.59 5,079.86 369.11 43 MfElcEqp 4.09 27.90 8.80 42.05 5.12 29.83 1,149.42 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1.80 10.85 3.48 9.64 1.31 4.20 12.89 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.22 0.72 0.31 0.80 0.46 0.65 1.81 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 5.83 4.60 3.29 4.20 13.30 11.97 14.19 52 SrvcUnspcifd 7.55 77.78 16.95 30.29 15.26 48.63 109.72 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 1,320.27 290.17 356.55 2,541.19 1,257.49 5,979.88 4,958.22
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Commodities/Industries 44MfOtrTrspEqp 45MfSrgInstrmt 46MfOterHndCrf 47MfSprtGds 48ElcAWtrwrks 49 GasSupply 50Construction 1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.07 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 170.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 3.37 0.00 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 17.94 0.69 437.86 52.85 464.32 1.28 3,362.65 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 106.83 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 1.79 115.07 0.54 0.00 0.00 562.73 40 MfBasMetlPrd 2,049.80 297.61 214.19 1.97 7.12 38.98 2,289.69 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 9.55 10.45 6.23 0.75 0.19 67.14 839.39 42 MfOtrNelcMch 150.13 7.09 0.80 7.86 0.79 211.36 33.02 43 MfElcEqp 54.95 4.04 10.89 5.82 287.81 80.31 48.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 3,719.63 1.90 1.28 1.89 0.95 20.02 24.17 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 293.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 1.40 0.19 37.78 0.25 0.00 6.60 0.60 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 8.41 0.49 13.28 0.34 1.50 0.25 4.70 52 SrvcUnspcifd 53.02 4.95 40.45 17.50 132.79 45.05 18.62 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 6,068.22 623.16 1,049.62 89.77 895.47 471.03 7,290.47
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Commodities/Industries 51 TradeTransp 52 SrvcUnspcifd 53 TrnsptWater 54 TrnsptAir 55 CommSrvc1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 1.77 1.78 0.01 0.00 0.00 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 17,020.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 2,830.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 30.63 661.75 2.07 711.19 0.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.34 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 14.83 20.82 0.72 0.40 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 102.95 71.33 0.40 71.59 0.39 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 134.44 119.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 757.70 38.17 0.79 6.97 139.56 43 MfElcEqp 452.42 94.28 1.35 7.45 266.64 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1,710.78 31.90 29.77 5.24 42.84 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 1.69 8.81 0.00 0.14 1.69 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 9.34 2.62 0.02 0.78 0.07 52 SrvcUnspcifd 1,674.38 1,034.58 31.57 3.98 56.88 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 24,743.01 2,085.61 66.68 807.76 508.07
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Commodities/Industries 56 BnkngInsure 57 PubAdmnAdefc 58 Education 59 HealthCare 60 OtrSoACuSrvc1 CrpRicePad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 0.01 0.12 1.29 0.01 0.70 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.00 4.76 3.93 1.69 1.13 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.32 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 0.68 14.23 0.00 18.35 52.61 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 1.56 15.55 1.17 0.78 4.03 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.00 4.23 0.18 0.18 15.95 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.78 22,473.03 8.55 9.34 320.37 43 MfElcEqp 11.94 153.90 3.10 1.33 125.93 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1.87 114.52 3.12 3.75 75.32 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 1.96 0.00 58.89 12.66 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.00 0.44 0.69 0.25 14.92 47 MfSprtGds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 0.79 25.10 0.32 0.15 0.49 52 SrvcUnspcifd 490.28 493.33 31.72 29.45 144.23 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.01 0.09 0.00 2.60 0.12 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.75 0.02 0.03 0.33 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 507.91 23,302.36 54.43 126.81 829.11
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Commodities/Industries PrivateCons GovtCons Invest Stocks ExpGoods ExpSrvces1 CrpRicePad 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00 2 CrpWheat 2,243.89 0.00 0.00 -0.37 0.00 0.00 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 1.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 CrpOtr 3,243.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 CrpPulsAGram 208.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 CrpOilSeeds 5.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Livestock 2,296.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Forestry 599.23 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.00 11 Fishing 4.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Mining 189.92 0.00 1,796.53 1.20 0.00 0.00 13 MfVegOiletc 952.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 MfMilling 394.47 0.06 0.00 2.22 0.00 0.00 15 MfBakeryPrd 194.01 0.00 0.00 27.99 0.00 0.00 16 MfSugar 480.53 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 8,574.19 0.00 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.00 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 42.97 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.60 0.00 0.00 21 MfCotnYarn 0.00 0.00 0.00 -16.78 0.00 0.00 22 MfCotnCloth 0.00 0.00 0.00 -24.24 0.00 0.00 23 MfArtSilk 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.27 0.00 0.00 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 1,065.88 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 25 MfKnitwear 143.66 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 26 MfCarpets 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27 MfGarments 546.42 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.00 0.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 23.67 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 29 MfFootwear 210.80 0.00 0.00 21.20 0.00 0.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 190.06 0.00 1.96 2.49 0.00 0.00 31 MfPprAPprPrd 1,060.79 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 32 MfPhrmcutics 3,251.75 0.00 0.00 -0.59 0.00 0.00 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 43.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 MfChACnsrPrd 756.91 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 35 MfRefPetrol 411.71 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 996.82 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 37 MfOtrCh 67.00 0.00 3.00 260.00 0.00 0.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.25 0.00 0.05 1.93 0.00 0.00 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 351.13 0.00 1.02 28.87 0.00 0.00 40 MfBasMetlPrd 26.46 0.00 1,320.45 240.12 0.00 0.00 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 234.84 0.00 1,111.76 16.57 0.00 0.00 42 MfOtrNelcMch 307.65 0.00 29,211.85 155.39 0.00 0.00 43 MfElcEqp 2,441.48 0.00 14,616.46 454.84 0.00 0.00 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 492.38 0.00 6,244.17 321.47 0.00 0.00 45 MfSrgInstrmt 3.00 0.00 1.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 46 MfOterHndCrf 858.00 0.00 1.64 2.42 0.00 0.00 47 MfSprtGds 71.93 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 55.69 8.40 7.22 0.16 0.00 0.00 52 SrvcUnspcifd 11,156.89 0.00 0.11 1.11 0.00 0.00 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 58.94 65.66 0.01 -0.02 0.00 0.00 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 4.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 44,264.99 74.12 54,317.21 1,545.20 0.00 0.00
343
Commodities/Industries ImpGoods ImpSalesTax ImpDuty ImpSrvces TotOutput TotSupply1 CrpRicePad 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 2 CrpWheat 8,721.00 54.00 0.00 0.00 8,775.01 3 CrpCotnPht 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 CrpSugCane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 CrpTobacco 12.75 67.21 4.25 0.00 84.21 6 CrpOtr 2,707.38 0.86 554.62 0.00 3,262.86 7 CrpPulsAGram 219.00 0.62 0.00 0.00 219.62 8 CrpOilSeeds 178.71 2.32 34.29 0.00 215.32 9 Livestock 2,211.91 0.00 84.09 0.00 2,296.00 10 Forestry 477.60 15.21 287.40 0.00 780.21 11 Fishing 3.00 0.02 2.00 0.00 5.02 12 Mining 14,557.23 841.66 411.77 0.00 15,810.66 13 MfVegOiletc 1,885.71 41.51 508.29 0.00 2,435.50 14 MfMilling 462.00 2.51 0.00 0.00 464.51 15 MfBakeryPrd 222.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 222.00 16 MfSugar 394.67 0.00 86.33 0.00 481.00 17 MfOtrFdPrd 8,923.13 118.08 2226.87 0.00 11,268.08 18 MfBeverages 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 MfCigTobacco 14.33 0.00 28.67 0.00 43.00 20 MfGindCotnLn 105.23 20.64 74.77 0.00 200.64 21 MfCotnYarn 565.27 31.50 273.73 0.00 870.50 22 MfCotnCloth 276.00 12.78 212.00 0.00 500.78 23 MfArtSilk 89.00 3.64 0.00 0.00 92.64 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 643.15 1.67 453.85 0.00 1,098.67 25 MfKnitwear 86.40 0.00 57.60 0.00 144.00 26 MfCarpets 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 27 MfGarments 320.31 0.00 226.69 0.00 547.00 28 MfLthrAPrd 242.69 2.24 64.31 0.00 309.24 29 MfFootwear 232.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 232.00 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 130.81 1.13 90.19 0.00 222.13 31 MfPprAPprPrd 1,210.63 43.97 407.37 0.00 1,661.97 32 MfPhrmcutics 3,395.06 32.96 329.94 0.00 3,757.96 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 6,111.44 459.03 113.56 0.00 6,684.03 34 MfChACnsrPrd 438.02 0.00 318.98 0.00 757.00 35 MfRefPetrol 12,141.50 3,853.20 1505.50 0.00 17,500.20 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 2,744.09 711.92 1335.91 0.00 4,791.92 37 MfOtrCh 19,809.42 3,903.00 6640.58 0.00 30,353.00 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 77.88 7.60 28.12 0.00 113.60 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 796.76 73.31 410.24 0.00 1,280.31 40 MfBasMetlPrd 9,285.46 873.45 3631.54 0.00 13,790.45 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 1,791.98 219.42 1041.02 0.00 3,052.42 42 MfOtrNelcMch 49,910.90 1,215.34 12966.10 0.00 64,092.33 43 MfElcEqp 14,496.84 465.93 6099.16 0.00 21,061.93 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 9,895.26 540.90 2750.74 0.00 13,186.90 45 MfSrgInstrmt 370.00 7.48 0.00 0.00 377.48 46 MfOterHndCrf 729.36 13.56 251.64 0.00 994.56 47 MfSprtGds 72.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.00 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 49 GasSupply 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 Construction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51 TradeTransp 0.00 213.37 0.00 687.00 900.37 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.00 964.72 2.77 16,486.23 17,453.72 53 TrnsptWater 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 54 TrnsptAir 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 55 CommSrvc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 BnkngInsure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58 Education 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 59 HealthCare 0.00 0.14 0.00 128.00 128.14 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.00 0.09 0.00 6.00 6.09 Import+Imp Duty+Ind Tax 176,961.88 14,816.99 43,514.89 17,307.23 252,601.00
344
APPENDIX 5.3: SPLITTING ‘GOVERNMENT SERVICES’ SECTOR OF IMPORT MATRIX 1983-84 INTO THREE SECTORS
As mentioned in Section 5.3.2.1.1, a problem occurred whilst bringing the different sectors of the 82-sector I-O table 1990-91 by the FBS (2001a) and Dhanani’s (1986) 118-sector import matrix 1983-84 under the same classification. While the I-O table 1990-91 had three sectors for the government services (‘Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’ and ‘Health’), the import matrix 1983-84 had condensed them into a single sector, ‘Government services’. Since the aggregation of these three sectors in the I-O table 1990-91 would result into loss of useful information, it was decided to split the ‘Government services’ sector in the import matrix 1983-84 into three sectors, using the weights of the sectors ‘Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’, and ‘Health’ in the I-O Table 1990-91. Accordingly, the number of sectors in the import matrix 1983-84 increased from 118 to 120. This disaggregation process is explained below.
Table A5.3a presents all the entries in the import matrix 1983-84 that were relevant to ‘Government services’. It is evident from the table that while ‘Government services’ was buying four types of commodities for intermediate usage, its own sales to intermediate and final demands were zero. This implied the ‘Government services’ row of the import matrix 1983-84 could be split into three rows (‘Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’, and ‘Health’) with all the cells in each rows containing nothing but zeros (see the last three rows of Table A5.3d).
Table A5.3a: Relevant Entries from Intermediate Usage and Final Demand Columns of 118-Sector Import Matrix 1983-84 (Rs‘000’)
IndustryCommodity 117 Government servicesTotal Intermediate usage Final Demand Total Use
58 Other non-electrical machinery 58,707 ⊗ ⊗ ⊗ 59 Electrical machinery 34,598 ⊗ ⊗ ⊗ 61 Auto-assembly and parts 60,453 ⊗ ⊗ ⊗ 64 Office equipment 12,966 ⊗ ⊗ ⊗ 117 Government services 0 0 0 0 Note: ⊗ denotes a value. Source: Dhanani (1986).
However, it was necessary to use some weights to disaggregate the ‘Government services’ column into the three required categories. In the absence of any other information, the weights of the I-O table 1990-91 were used for this purpose. From the I-O table 1990-91, four commodities were identified which were as similar as possible to the commodities purchased by ‘Government services’ in the import matrix 1983-84 (see the first column of Tables A5.3a and A5.3b). For these four commodities, the intermediate demands by the three sectors—’Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’, and ‘Health’—and the final demand are presented in Table A5.3b. For instance, the first row of Table A5.3a indicates that ‘Government services’ was buying for intermediate usage an imported commodity ‘58 Other non-electrical machinery’ in 1983-84. By the same token, the first row of Table A5.3b suggests that ‘Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’, and ‘Health’ were buying as intermediate input a similar commodity ‘53 MF: Other non-electrical machinery’ in 1990-91. The row shares of the four commodities purchased by the three government sectors as intermediate inputs in 1990-91 are shown in Table A5.3c.
345
Table A5.3b: Relevant Entries from Intermediate Usage and Final Demand Columns of 82-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 (Rs million)
IndustryCommodity
Public administration
& defence Education Health care
Intermediate usage by the 3
industries Final Demand Total Use
53 MF: Other non-electrical machinery 28,964 11 12 28,987 ⊗ ⊗ 54 MF: Electrical equipment etc. 348 7 3 358 ⊗ ⊗ 55 MF: Other transport equipment* 368 10 12 390 ⊗ ⊗ 39 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture** 17 14 6 37 ⊗ ⊗ Note: ⊗ denotes a value. *Closest match to commodity ‘61 Auto-assembly and parts’ of the import matrix 1983-84. **Closest match to commodity ‘64 Office equipment’ of the import matrix 1983-84. Source: FBS (2001a).
The ‘Government services’ column in Table A5.3a was split on the basis of the row shares of the 3 government sectors in Table A5.3c. According to this method, for example, the shares of ‘Public administration and defence’, ‘Education’, and ‘Health’ in the purchase of ‘58 Other non-electrical machinery’ (Rs58,707 thousand) in the import matrix 1983-84 became 99.9207 per cent (Rs58,660 thousand), 0.0379 per cent (Rs22 thousand) and 0.0414 per cent (Rs24 thousand), respectively. Table A5.3d displays the purchase structure of the three government sectors in 1983-84 constructed on the basis of the corresponding shares in Table A5.3c.
Table A5.3c: Shares of Commodity Usage by 3 Public Sectors in Table A5.3b (%) Industry Public
administration & defence
Education Health care Intermediate
usage by the 3 industries
Final Demand Total Use
Commodity (%) (%) ( %) ( %) 53 MF: Other non-electrical machinery 0.999207 0.000379 0.000414 1 ⊗ ⊗ 54 MF: Electrical equipment etc. 0.972067 0.019553 0.008380 1 ⊗ ⊗ 55 MF: Other transport equipment 0.943590 0.025641 0.030769 1 ⊗ ⊗ 39 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture 0.459459 0.378378 0.162162 1 ⊗ ⊗ Note: ⊗ denotes a value. Source: Table A5.3b.
It should be noted that the combined purchases of each commodity by the three types of the government services in Table A5.3d add up to the purchase of the corresponding commodity by the original ‘Government services’ sector in the import matrix 1983-84 (see Column 2 of Table A5.3a and Column 5 of Table A5.3d). That is, the inclusion of the matrix in Table A5.3d increased the number of sectors in the import matrix 1983-84 from 118 to 120 without disturbing its accounting identities.
Table A5.3d: Import Matrix 1983-84—Disaggregation of ‘Government Services’ into Three Sectors (Rs‘000’)
IndustryCommodity
Public administration
& defence
Education Health care Intermediate usage by the 3
industries
Final Demand Total Use
53 MF: Other non-electrical machinery 58,660 22 24 58,707 ⊗ ⊗ 54 MF: Electrical equipment etc. 33,632 676 290 34,598 ⊗ ⊗ 55 MF: Other transport equipment 57,043 1,550 1,860 60,453 ⊗ ⊗ 39 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture 5,957 4,906 2,103 12,966 ⊗ ⊗ Public administration & defence 0 0 0 0 0 0 Education 0 0 0 0 0 0 Health care 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: ⊗ denotes a value. Source: Tables A5.3a and A5.3c.
346
APPENDIX 5.4: CLASSIFICATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Table A5.4a: Classification of Commodity/Industry Names in 82-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 No. of Sectors Code No. and Name No. of Sectors Code No. and Name
1 1 Crops: Rice (paddy) 42 45 MF: Refined petroleum
2 2 Crops: Wheat 43 46 MF: Rubber and plastic products
3 3 Crops: Cotton (phutty) 44 47 MF: Other chemicals
4 4 Crops: Sugarcane 45 48 MF: Bricks, tiles
5 5 Crops: Tobacco 46 49 MF: Cement
6 6 Crops: Other crops (major) 47 50 MF: Other non-metallic mineral products
7 7 Crops: Pulses and grams 48 51 MF: Basic metal products
8 8 Crops: Potatoes 49 52 MF: Other metal products
9 10 Crops: Fruits 50 53 MF: Other non-electrical machinery
10 11 Crops: Vegetables and other condiments 51 54 MF: Electrical equipment etc.
11 12 Crops: Oil seeds 52 55 MF: Other transport equipment
12 13 Crops: Others (minor) 53 56 MF: Surgical instruments
13 14 Livestock 54 57 MF: Handicrafts
14 15 Forestry 55 58 MF: Sports goods
15 16 Fishing 56 59 MF: Jewellery (precious metals)
16 17 Mining: Coal 57 60 MF: Other manufacturing products
17 18 Mining: Crude oil and natural gas 58 61 Electricity and waterworks
18 19 Mining: Other minerals 59 63 Gas supply
19 21 MF: Vegetable oils etc. 60 64 Construction: Buildings & land improvement
20 22 MF: Milling 61 73 Trade: Wholesale
21 23 MF: Bakery products 62 74 Trade: Retail
22 24 MF: Sugar 63 75 Hotel and restaurant services
23 25 MF: Other food products 64 76 Transport: Railway
24 26 MF: Beverages 65 77 Transport: Road
25 27 MF: Cigarettes and tobacco 66 78 Transport: Water
26 28 MF: Ginned cotton (lint) 67 79 Transport: Air
27 29 MF: Cotton yarn 68 80 Transport: Other & storage
28 30 MF: Cotton cloth 69 81 Communication services
29 31 MF: Art silk 70 82 Banking: Central monetary authorities
30 32 MF: Made up textile goods 71 83 Banking: Other monetary institutions
31 33 MF: Knitwear 72 84 Banking: Other credit institutions
32 34 MF: Carpets 73 85 Banking: Nominal Product
33 35 MF: Garments 74 86 Insurance
34 36 MF: Other textile products 75 87 Real estate services
35 37 MF: Leather and leather products 76 88 Imputed rent (owner occupied dwellings)
36 38 MF: Footwear 77 89 Business services
37 39 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture 78 90 Public administration & defence
38 40 MF: Paper and paper products 79 92 Education
39 41 MF: Pharmaceutics 80 94 Health care
40 42 MF: Fertilisers and pesticides 81 96 Other social and cultural services
41 44 MF: Chemicals and consumer products 82 97 Personal and household services Source: FBS (2001a).
347
Table A5.4b: Classification of Commodity/Industry Names in 120-Sector Import Matrix 1983-84 No. of Sectors Code No. and Name No. of Sectors Code No. and Name
Agriculture: Crop Sectors 61 61 Auto-assembly and parts 1 1 Wheat growing on small farms 62 62 Ship building 2 2 Wheat growing on large farms 63 63 Cotton ginning 3 3 Rice growing on small farms 64 64 Office equipment 4 4 Rice growing on large farms 65 65 Sports goods 5 5 Cotton growing on small farms 66 66 Surgical instruments 6 6 Cotton growing on large farms 67 67 Other large-scale manufacturing industries 7 7 Sugarcane growing on small farms Small-Scale Manufacturing Industries 8 8 Sugarcane growing on large farms 68 68 Grain milling 9 9 Tobacco growing 69 69 Rice husking 10 10 Oilseeds other than cotton seeds 70 70 Gur and Khandsari 11 11 Pulses 71 71 Edible oils 12 12 Other crops 72 72 Other food industries
Agriculture: Non-Crop Sectors 73 73 Beverages 13 13 Livestock 74 74 Tobacco 14 14 Fishing 75 75 Cotton textiles 15 15 Forestry 76 76 Silk and art silk textiles
Mining and Quarrying 77 77 Carpets 16 16 Mining and quarrying 78 78 Other textiles
Large-Scale Manufacturing Industries 79 79 Shoe making 17 17 Grain milling 80 80 Wood 18 18 Rice milling 81 81 Wooden furniture 19 19 Sugar refining 82 82 Steel furniture 20 20 Edible oils 83 83 Printing and publishing 21 21 Tea blending 84 84 leather goods 22 22 Fish and fish preparations 85 85 Rubber products 23 23 Confectionery and bakery 86 86 Chemicals 24 24 Other food industries 87 87 Plastic products 25 25 Beverages 88 88 Non-metallic mineral products 26 26 Cigarettes and other tobacco products 89 89 Iron and steel remoulding 27 27 Cotton yarn 90 90 Metal products 28 28 Cotton fabrics 91 91 Agricultural machinery 29 29 Silk and synthetic textiles 92 92 Non-electrical machinery 30 30 Woollen textiles 93 93 Electrical machinery 31 31 Hosiery 94 94 Transport equipment 32 32 Thread ball making 95 95 Sports goods 33 33 Carpets and rugs 96 96 Surgical instruments 34 34 Other textiles 97 97 Other small-scale manufacturing industries 35 35 Footwear other than rubber footwear Construction 36 36 Wearing apparel 98 98 Low-cost residential buildings 37 37 Wood, cork and furniture 99 99 Luxurious residential buildings 38 38 Paper and paper board and paper products 100 100 Rural buildings 39 39 Printing and publishing 101 101 Factory buildings 40 40 Leather and leather products 102 102 Public buildings 41 41 Rubber footwear 103 103 Roads 42 42 Other rubber products 104 104 Infrastructures 43 43 Pharmaceutical and medicinal preparations Services 44 44 Fertiliser 105 105 Ownership of dwellings 45 45 Perfumes and cosmetics 106 106 Electricity 46 46 Paints and varnishes 107 107 Gas 47 47 Soaps and detergents 108 108 Wholesale and retail trade 48 48 Matches 109 109 Road transportation 49 49 Other chemicals 110 110 Rail transportation 50 50 Plastic products 111 111 Air transportation 51 51 Petroleum products 112 112 Water transportation 52 52 Cement 113 113 Television 53 53 Glass and glass products 114 114 Radio 54 54 Other non-metallic mineral products 115 115 Telephone, telegraph and post 55 55 Basic metals 116 116 Banking and insurance services 56 56 Metal products 117 117a Public admin & defence* 57 57 Agricultural machinery 118 117b Education* 58 58 Other non-electrical machinery 119 117c Health* 59 59 Electrical machinery 120 118 Services not elsewhere specified 60 60 Bicycles
*These 3 sectors were amalgamated into a single sector ‘117 Government Services’ in the original import matrix 1983-84; this sector was disaggregated into 3 sectors using the I-O Table 1990-91 (see Appendix 5.3). Source: Dhanani (1986); and FBS (2001a).
348
Table A5.4c: Condensing 82-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 and 120-Sector Import Matrix 1983-84 into 60 Sectors—Using PSIC and PSTC Classification of 82-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Classification of Condensed 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 & Import Matrix 1983-84
Classification of 120-Sector Import Matrix 1983-84
1 Crops: Rice (paddy) 1 Crops: Rice (paddy) 3 Rice growing on small farms 4 Rice growing on large farms
2 Crops: Wheat 2 Crops: Wheat 1 Wheat growing on small farms 2 Wheat growing on large farms
3 Crops: Cotton (phutty) 3 Crops: Cotton (phutty) 5 Cotton growing on small farms 6 Cotton growing on large farms
4 Crops: Sugarcane 4 Crops: Sugarcane 7 Sugarcane growing on small farms 8 Sugarcane growing on large farms
5 Crops: Tobacco 5 Crops: Tobacco 9 Tobacco growing 6 Crops: Other crops (major) 8 Crops: Potatoes 10 Crops: Fruits 11 Crops: Vegetables and other condiments 13 Crops: Others (minor)
6 Crops: Other crops 12 Other crops
7 Crops: Pulses and grams 7 Crops: Pulses and grams 11 Pulses 8 Crops: Oil seeds 8 Crops: Oil seeds 10 Oilseeds other than cotton seeds 9 Livestock 9 Livestock 13 Livestock 10 Forestry 10 Forestry 15 Forestry 11 Fishing 11 Fishing 14 Fishing 17 Mining: Coal 18 Mining: Crude oil and natural gas 19 Mining: Other minerals
12 Mining and quarrying 16 Mining and quarrying
13 MF: Vegetable oils etc. 13 MF: Vegetable oils etc. 20 Edible oils 71 Edible oils
14 MF: Milling 14 MF: Milling
17 Grain milling 18 Rice milling 68 Grain milling 69 Rice husking
15 MF: Bakery products 15 MF: Bakery products 23 Confectionery and bakery
16 MF: Sugar 16 MF: Sugar 19 Sugar refining 70 Gur and Khandsari
17 MF: Other food products 17 MF: Other food products
21 Tea blending 22 Fish and fish preparations 24 Other food industries 72 Other food industries
18 MF: Beverages 18 MF: Beverages 25 Beverages 73 Beverages
19 MF: Cigarettes and tobacco 19 MF: Cigarettes and tobacco 26 Cigarettes and other tobacco products 74 Tobacco
20 MF: Ginned cotton (lint) 20 MF: Ginned cotton (lint) 63 Cotton ginning 21 MF: Cotton yarn 21 MF: Cotton yarn 27 Cotton yarn 22 MF: Cotton cloth 22 MF: Cotton cloth 28 Cotton fabrics
23 MF: Art silk 23 MF: Art silk 29 Silk and synthetic textiles 76 Silk and art silk textiles
32 MF: Made up textile goods 36 MF: Other textile products
24 MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products
30 Woollen textiles 32 Thread ball making 34 Other textiles 75 Cotton textiles 78 Other textiles
25 MF: Knitwear 25 MF: Knitwear 31 Hosiery
26 MF: Carpets 26 MF: Carpets 33 Carpets and rugs 77 Carpets
27 MF: Ready-made Garments 27 MF: Ready-made Garments 36 Wearing apparel
28 MF: Leather and leather products 28 MF: Leather and leather products 40 Leather and leather products 84 leather goods
29 MF: Footwear 29 MF: Footwear 35 Footwear other than rubber footwear 79 Shoe making
30 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture 30 MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture
37 Wood, cork and furniture 64 Office equipment 80 Wood 81 Wooden furniture
31 MF: Paper and paper products 31 MF: Paper and paper products 38 Paper, paper board and paper products 39 Printing and publishing 83 Printing and publishing
32 MF: Pharmaceutics 32 MF: Pharmaceutics 43 Pharmaceutical and medicinal preparations33 MF: Fertilisers and pesticides 33 MF: Fertilisers and pesticides 44 Fertiliser
34 MF: Chemicals and consumer products 34 MF: Chemicals and consumer products 45 Perfumes and cosmetics 47 Soaps and detergents 48 Matches
349
Classification of 82-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Classification of Condensed 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 & Import Matrix 1983-84
Classification of 120-Sector Import Matrix 1983-84
35 MF: Refined petroleum 35 MF: Refined petroleum 51 Petroleum products
36 MF: Rubber and plastic products 36 MF: Rubber and plastic products
41 Rubber footwear 42 Other rubber products 50 Plastic products 85 Rubber products 87 Plastic products
37 MF: Other chemicals 37 MF: Other chemicals 46 Paints and varnishes 49 Other chemicals 86 Chemicals
48 MF: Bricks, tiles 49 MF: Cement 38 MF: Cement, bricks & tiles 52 Cement
39 MF: Other non-metallic mineral products 39 MF: Other non-metallic mineral products 53 Glass and glass products 54 Other non-metallic mineral products 88 Non-metallic mineral products
40 MF: Basic metal products 55 Basic metals 89 Iron and steel remoulding
52 MF: Other metal products 59 MF: Jewellery (precious metals)
41 MF: Other metal products including jewellery
56 Metal products 82 Steel furniture 90 Metal products
42 MF: Other non-electrical machinery 42 MF: Other non-electrical machinery
57 Agricultural machinery 58 Other non-electrical machinery 91 Agricultural machinery 92 Non-electrical machinery
43 MF: Electrical equipment etc. 43 MF: Electrical equipment etc. 59 Electrical machinery 93 Electrical machinery
44 MF: Other transport equipment 44 MF: Other transport equipment
60 Bicycles 61 Auto-assembly and parts 62 Ship building 94 Transport equipment
45 MF: Surgical instruments 45 MF: Surgical instruments 66 Surgical instruments 96 Surgical instruments
57 MF: Handicrafts 60 MF: Other manufacturing products
46 MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft
67 Other large-scale manufacturing industries97 Other small-scale manufacturing industries
47 MF: Sports goods 47 MF: Sports goods 65 Sports goods 95 Sports goods
48 Electricity and waterworks 48 Electricity and waterworks 106 Electricity 49 Gas supply 49 Gas supply 107 Gas
50 Construction: Buildings & land improvement
50 Construction: Buildings & land improvement
98 Low-cost residential buildings 99 Luxurious residential buildings 100 Rural buildings 101 Factory buildings 102 Public buildings 103 Roads 104 Infrastructures
73 Trade: Wholesale 74 Trade: Retail 76 Transport: Railway 77 Transport: Road 78 Transport: Water
51 Trade & transport (margin commodity) 108 Wholesale and retail trade 109 Road transportation 110 Rail transportation
75 Hotel and restaurant services 87 Real estate services 88 Imputed rent (owner occupied dwellings) 89 Business services 97 Personal and household services
52 Services not elsewhere specified 105 Ownership of dwellings
53 Transport: Water 53 Transport: Water 112 Water transportation 54 Transport: Air 54 Transport: Air 111 Air transportation
55 Communication services 55 Communication services 113 Television 114 Radio 115 Telephone, telegraph and post
82 Banking: Central monetary authorities 83 Banking: Other monetary institutions 84 Banking: Other credit institutions 85 Banking: Nominal Product 86 Insurance
56 Banking and insurance 116 Banking and insurance services
57 Public administration & defence 57 Public administration & defence 117a Public admin & defence 58 Education 58 Education 117b Education 59 Health care 59 Health care 117c Health 60 Other social and cultural services 60 Other social and cultural services 118 Services not elsewhere specified Source: Dhanani (1986); and FBS (2001a).
350
Table A5.4d: Explanation of Code Names of Commodities/Industries in Condensed 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 and Import Matrix 1990-91—Database of PAKREG
No. Commodity/Industry Code Name Commodity/Industry Name Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 1) Crops: Rice (paddy) 2 2 CrpWheat 2) Crops: Wheat 3 3 CrpCotnPht 3) Crops: Cotton (phutty) 4 4 CrpSugCane 4) Crops: Sugarcane 5 5 CrpTobacco 5) Crops: Tobacco 6 6 CrpOtr 6) Crops: Other crops 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 7) Crops: Pulses and grams 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 8) Crops: Oil seeds 9 9 Livestock 9) Livestock 10 10 Forestry 10) Forestry 11 11 Fishing 11) Fishing 12 12 Mining 12) Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 13) MF: Vegetable oils etc. 2 14 MfMilling 14) MF: Milling 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 15) MF: Bakery products 4 16 MfSugar 16) MF: Sugar 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 17) MF: Other food products 6 18 MfBeverages 18) MF: Beverages 7 19 MfCigTobacco 19) MF: Cigarettes and tobacco 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 20) MF: Ginned cotton (lint) 9 21 MfCotnYarn 21) MF: Cotton yarn 10 22 MfCotnCloth 22) MF: Cotton cloth 11 23 MfArtSilk 23) MF: Art silk 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 24) MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products 13 25 MfKnitwear 25) MF: Knitwear 14 26 MfCarpets 26) MF: Carpets 15 27 MfGarments 27) MF: Ready-made Garments 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 28) MF: Leather and leather products 17 29 MfFootwear 29) MF: Footwear 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 30) MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 31) MF: Paper and paper products 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 32) MF: Pharmaceutics 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 33) MF: Fertilisers and pesticides 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 34) MF: Chemicals and consumer products 23 35 MfRefPetrol 35) MF: Refined petroleum 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 36) MF: Rubber and plastic products 25 37 MfOtrCh 37) MF: Other chemicals 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 38) MF: Cement, bricks & tiles 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 39) MF: Other non-metallic mineral products 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 40) MF: Basic metal products 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 41) MF: Other metal products including jewellery 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 42) MF: Other non-electrical machinery 31 43 MfElcEqp 43) MF: Electrical equipment etc. 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 44) MF: Other transport equipment 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 45) MF: Surgical instruments 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 46) MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft 35 47 MfSprtGds 47) MF: Sports goods
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 48) Electricity and waterworks 2 49 GasSupply 49) Gas supply 3 50 Construction 50) Construction: Buildings & land improvement 4 51 TradeTransp 51) Trade & transport (margin commodity) 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 52) Services not elsewhere specified 6 53 TrnsptWater 53) Transport: Water 7 54 TrnsptAir 54) Transport: Air 8 55 CommSrvc 55) Communication services 9 56 BnkngInsure 56) Banking and insurance 10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 57) Public administration & defence 11 58 Education 58) Education 12 59 HealthCare 59) Health care 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 60) Other social and cultural services
Source: Dhanani (1986); and FBS (2001a).
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Table A5.4e: Classification of Consumer Goods and Capital Goods in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 and Import Matrix 1990-91
No. Consumer Goods No. Capital Goods 1 1 CrpRicePad 1 10 Forestry 2 2 CrpWheat 2 12 Mining 3 5 CrpTobacco 3 20 MfGindCotnLn 4 6 CrpOtr 4 21 MfCotnYarn 5 8 CrpOilSeeds 5 37 MfOtrCh 6 9 Livestock 6 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 7 13 MfVegOiletc 7 40 MfBasMetlPrd 8 15 MfBakeryPrd 8 42 MfOtrNelcMch 9 16 MfSugar
10 17 MfOtrFdPrd 11 19 MfCigTobacco 12 22 MfCotnCloth 13 23 MfArtSilk 14 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 15 25 MfKnitwear 16 26 MfCarpets 17 27 MfGarments 18 28 MfLthrAPrd 19 29 MfFootwear 20 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 21 31 MfPprAPprPrd 22 32 MfPhrmcutics 23 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 24 34 MfChACnsrPrd 25 35 MfRefPetrol 26 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 27 47 MfSprtGds 28 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 29 43 MfElcEqp 30 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 31 45 MfSrgInstrmt 32 46 MfOterHndCrf
Source: CBR (1991); and the PSIC in FBS (2001a).
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Table A5.4f: Synchronising the Classifications of CMI 1990-91 with 35 Manufacturing Industries in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 Industry Code in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Industry Codes in CMI 1990-91 Grouped to Match 35 Industries in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 Using PSIC & PSTC
Industry Code in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Industry Codes in CMI 1990-91 Grouped to Match 35 Industries in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 Using PSIC & PSTC
13 MfVegOiletc 31151 Vegetable ghee 31152 Other vegetable oils 31153 Cotton seed oils
14 MfMilling
31161 Rice milling 31162 Wheat & grain milling 31163 & 69 Grain milled industries & other grain milling
36 MfRbrAPlsPrd
35510 Tyres & tubes 35591 Rubber footwear 35592 Vulcanised rubber industries 35593 Rubber belting 35520 Retreading of tyres & tubes 35599 Other rubber industries 35610 Plastic footwear 35690 Other plastic industries
15 MfBakeryPrd 31171 Bread & bakery industries 31172 Biscuits 31179 Other bakery industries
16 MfSugar 31181 Refined sugar
37 MfOtrCh
35111 Alkalies 35112 Acids, salts & intermediates 35113 Sulphuric acid 35120 Dyes, colours & pigments 35130 Compressed gases, etc. 35190 Other industrial chemicals 35210 Paints, varnishes & lacquers 35260 Ink (all kinds) 35290 Other chemical industries 354 Industries of other petroleum & coal products
17 MfOtrFdPrd
31121 Dairy industries 31122 Ice cream 31130 Canning of fruits & vegetables 31140 Canning of fish and seafood 31191 & 92 Confectionary, not sweetmeats, & ‘Desi’ sweetmeats 31212 Blending of tea 31221 Feeds for animals 31222 Feeds for fowls 31293 Ice 31299 Other food industries
38 MfBrkTilCmnt 36910 Bricks & tiles 36920 Cement
18 MfBeverages 31310, 20 & 41 Distilling of spirits, wine & fruit drinks 31349 Other soft drinks
19 MfCigTobacco 31410 Cigarettes
20 MfGindCotnLn 325 Ginning & baling of fibres
21 MfCotnYarn 32011 Cotton spinning
22 MfCotnCloth 32012 Cotton weaving
39 MfOtrNmtMPrd
361 Pottery, china & earthenware 362 Glass & glass industries 36930 Cement industries 36940 Lime & plaster 36950 Manufacture of refractories 36990 Other non-metallic mineral industries
23 MfArtSilk 32040 Silk & art silk textiles
40 MfBasMetlPrd
37110 Iron & steel mills 37120 Iron & steel foundries 37130 & 90 Re-rolling and iron & steel basic industries 37210 Aluminium & aluminium alloys 37220 Copper & copper alloys
24 MfMupTxtOtrG
32120 Made up textile industries 32020 Woollen textiles 32030 Jute textiles 32050 Narrow fabrics 32070 Finishing of textiles 32105 Cordage, rope & twine 32160 Spooling & thread ball making 32190 Other textiles
25 MfKnitwear 32130 Knitting mills
26 MfCarpets 32141 & 49 Carpets & rugs - cotton & others 32142 Carpets & rugs - woollen
27 MfGarments 32210 Ready-made garments
41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 38010 Cutlery 38020 Hand & edge tools 38030 Razors & razor blades 38040 Metal furniture 38050 Structural metal industries 38060 Metal stamping, coating, etc. 38070 Heating & cooking equipment 38080 Wire industries 38090 Utensils - aluminium 38110 & 20 Utensils - copper, brass & steel 38130 Metal barrels & tinware 38140 Tin cans & tinware
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Industry Code in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Industry Codes in CMI 1990-91 Grouped to Match 35 Industries in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 Using PSIC & PSTC
Industry Code in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91
Industry Codes in CMI 1990-91 Grouped to Match 35 Industries in 60-Sector I-O Table 1990-91 Using PSIC & PSTC
32290 Other wearing apparel
28 MfLthrAPrd 32310 Tanning & leather finishing 32330 Leather industries except footwear
29 MfFootwear 32410 Leather foot-wear (excluding rubber or plastic)
38160 Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc. 38170 Plumbing equipment 38190 Other metal industries
30 MfWdAWdPrdAF
33120 Plywood industries 33140 Hardboard industries 33110 Saw mills 33130 Wood articles 33190 Other wood & cork industries 332 Furniture & fixture, not metal
42 MfOtrNelcMch
38210 Engines & turbines 38220 Agricultural machinery 38230 Metal & wood working machinery 38240 Textile machinery 38250 Other industrial machinery 38270 Sewing machines 38290 Other non-electrical machinery
31 MfPprAPprPrd
34110 Pulp & paper 34120 Paperboard 34130 Pulp, paper & board articles 34190 Other paper industries 34210 Newspapers 34220 Books, periodicals, maps, etc. 34230 Job printing 34240 Printed cards & stationery 34260 Metal sheets 34290 Other printing & publishing
43 MfElcEqp
38310 Electrical industrial machinery 38321 Radio & television 38322 Gramophones & tape recorders 38330 Electrical appliances 38340 Insulated wires & cables 38350 Electrical bulbs & tubes 38360 Batteries 38323 Telephone & telegraph equipment 38390 Other electrical supplies
32 MfPhrmcutics
35010 Medicines & basic drugs (allopathic) 35020 ‘Unani’ medicines 35030 Ayurovedic medicines 35040 Homeopathic medicines
33 MfFrtlsrAPst 35140 Fertilisers 35150 Pesticides, insecticides, etc.
44 MfOtrTrspEqp
38410 Ship building (motorised) 38420 Boat building (non-mechanised) 38440 Motor vehicles 38450 Motor cycles, auto rickshaws 38460 Cycles & Pedi cabs 38430 & 90 Rail road and other transport equipment 34 MfChACnsrPrd
35220 Perfumes & cosmetics 35230 Soaps & detergents 35240 Polishes & waxes 35250 Matches
45 MfSrgInstrmt 38510 Surgical instruments
46 MfOterHndCrf 391 Handicrafts 393 & 394 Other manufacturing 35 MfRefPetrol 353 Petroleum refining
47 MfSprtGds 392 Sports & athletic goods
Source: FBS (1993; and 2001a).
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APPENDIX 5.5: EXPLANATION OF TABLO CODE OF PAK.TAB
The following sections explore the TABLO code of PAK.TAB progressively and explain how it constructed the required 36 data matrices from the input data in Tables A5.2a and A5.2b.
Section 1: Definition of Files and Sets Section 1 of the TABLO program PAK.TAB consists of a list of ‘Set’ elements.110 These sets define the dimensions of the model. Sets ROWS and COLS refer to the rows and columns of the input data tables stored in the form of Header Array (HAR) files,111 which are arranged in the same way as in Tables A5.2a and A5.2b in Appendix 5.2. Sets COM and IND comprise the 60 commodities and 60 industries in our database, and are subsets of ROWS and COLS, respectively. Set FAC refers to labour, capital and land; and set SRC denotes the origin of the goods—domestic or imported.
The remaining sets are subsets of the sets mentioned above (ROWS, COLS, COM, and IND). These sets define groups of sectors that will get special treatment. For example, set IMPCAT refers to imports of goods and services, import duty and the indirect tax on imports; set LNDUSR comprises the land using industries; and set SEC—subset of both COM and IND—will be used to read and/or compare the values of sets COM and IND simultaneously.
Section 1: Definition of Files and Sets File INFILE # Raw data #; OUTFILE # New data File #; Set ROWS # IO Table Rows # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc, Import, WageSalary, OprSurplus, Depreciation, IndirectTax, Subsidy); COM # Goods # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare,
110 The set elements are presented in the form of commodity/industry code names (excluding their code numbers). An explanation of these code names is provided in the memorandum of Table 4.1 in Chapter 4, and in Table A5.4d, Appendix 5.4. 111 The input data for TABLO programs are usually stored in the files called Header Array or HAR files, which are readable by GEMPACK. ViewHAR is a program for storing, browsing, extracting and modifying the contents of HAR files.
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OtrSoACuSrvc); FAC_TAX # Factors and tax # (WageSalary, OprSurplus, Depreciation, IndirectTax, Subsidy); MAR # Margin Commodities # (TradeTransp); Subset FAC_TAX is subset of ROWS; COM is subset of ROWS; MAR is subset of COM; Set ! Subscript ! COLS # IO Table Cols # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc, PrivateCons, GovtCons, Invest, Stocks, ExpGoods, ExpSrvces, ImpGoods, ImpSalesTax, ImpDuty, ImpSrvces); IND # Industries # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc); USERS # Demanders # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc, PrivateCons, GovtCons, Invest, Stocks, ExpGoods, ExpSrvces); LNDUSR # Land-using industries # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Mining); IMPCAT # Imports # (ImpGoods, ImpSalesTax, ImpDuty, ImpSrvces); TAXED # Users subject to indirect taxes and margin # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF,
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MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc, PrivateCons, GovtCons, Invest, ExpGoods); Subset USERS is subset of COLS; IMPCAT is subset of COLS; TAXED is subset of COLS; IND is subset of COLS; IND is subset of TAXED; LNDUSR is subset of IND; ! Set for comparing COM and IND data ! Set SEC # Industries # (CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Mining, MfVegOiletc, MfMilling, MfBakeryPrd, MfSugar, MfOtrFdPrd, MfBeverages, MfCigTobacco, MfGindCotnLn, MfCotnYarn, MfCotnCloth, MfArtSilk, MfMupTxtOtrG, MfKnitwear, MfCarpets, MfGarments, MfLthrAPrd, MfFootwear, MfWdAWdPrdAF, MfPprAPprPrd, MfPhrmcutics, MfFrtlsrAPst, MfChACnsrPrd, MfRefPetrol, MfRbrAPlsPrd, MfOtrCh, MfBrkTilCmnt, MfOtrNmtMPrd, MfBasMetlPrd, MfOtrMtPrdJ, MfOtrNelcMch, MfElcEqp, MfOtrTrspEqp, MfSrgInstrmt, MfOterHndCrf, MfSprtGds, ElcAWtrwrks, GasSupply, Construction, TradeTransp, SrvcUnspcifd, TrnsptWater, TrnsptAir, CommSrvc, BnkngInsure, PubAdmnAdefc, Education, HealthCare, OtrSoACuSrvc); Subset SEC is subset of IND; SEC is subset of COM; Set FAC # Primary Factors # (labour,capital,land); Set SRC # Origin of Goods # (dom,imp);
Section 2: Read in and Check Input Data In the first part of this section, the input data from the input data file are read into a 3-dimensional matrix USE. Its domestic part—USE (r,"dom",co)—is the same as Table A5.2a, and the imported element part—USE (r,"imp",co)—is identical to Table A5.2b. The rest of the section checks if the input data satisfy three accounting identities. CHECK 1 ensures that the row ‘Total Imports plus Import Duties plus Indirect Taxes’ in the domestic matrix of the USE table (Table A5.2a) is equal to the sum of all the rows in the import matrix (Table A5.2b). CHECK 2 makes certain that the first 64 columns in the import matrix in the USE table (Table A5.2b) add up to the same as the last four column—’Import of Goods’, ‘Import Indirect Tax’, ‘Import Duty’ and ‘Import of Services’. CHECK 3 makes sure that the 60 commodity row sums in the domestic matrix of the USE table (Table A5.2a) are equal to the 60 industry column sums. That is, the cost of each industry is equal to its sales.
Section 2: Read in and Check Input Data Coefficient (all,r,ROWS)(all,co,COLS)(all,s,SRC) USE(r,s,co); Formula (all,r,ROWS)(all,co,COLS)(all,s,SRC) USE(r,s,co) = 0; Read (all,r,ROWS)(all,co,COLS) USE(r,"dom",co) from file INFILE header "U90D"; (all,c,COM) (all,co,COLS) USE(c,"imp",co) from file INFILE header "U90M";
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! CHECK 1: ensure imports row in domestic matrix = column totals of import matrix ! Coefficient (all,co,COLS) CHECK1(co); Formula (all,co,COLS) CHECK1(co) = USE("Import","dom",co) - sum{c,COM,USE(c,"imp",co)}; Write CHECK1 to file OUTFILE header "CHK1" longname "Imports Check 1"; ! CHECK 2: ensure user columns in import matrix add up to the same as IMPCAT columns in import matrix ! Coefficient (all,c,COM) CHECK2(c); Formula (all,c,COM) CHECK2(c) = sum{co,IMPCAT, USE(c,"imp",co)} - sum{u, USERS, USE(c,"imp",u )}; Write CHECK2 to file OUTFILE header "CHK2" longname "Imports Check 2"; ! CHECK 3: ensure costs of industries = sales of domestic goods ! Coefficient (all,i,IND) COSTS(i) # Industry costs #; (all,c,COM) DOMSALES(c) # Total demand for domestic production at producer’s prices #; (all,s,SEC) CHECK3(s) # Should be zero #; Formula (all,i,IND) COSTS(i) = sum{r,ROWS, USE(r,"dom",i)}; (all,c,COM) DOMSALES(c) = sum{u,USERS,USE(c,"dom",u)}; (all,s,SEC) CHECK3(s) = COSTS(s) - DOMSALES(s); Write CHECK3 to file OUTFILE header "CHK3" longname "Check Costs-Sales=0"; COSTS to file OUTFILE header "CHK4" longname "Check: Initial Costs"; DOMSALES to file OUTFILE header "CHK5" longname "Check: Initial Sales";
Section 3: Construction of Vectors of Primary Factors As explained in Section 5.3.1 (and as is evident from Tables A5.2a and A5.2b), the I-O table 1990-91, and hence the input data file, contained vectors of net operating surplus (net capital rentals), depreciation, wages of labour and specific subsidies. These vectors were read into the USE table in Section 2 of PAK.TAB. This section makes some adjustments to these vectors in order to construct the final version of these vectors of the primary factors. Firstly, PAKREG requires the vector of gross capital rentals (as opposed to net capital rentals) as input data. Consequently, PAK.TAB adds the depreciation row to the net operating surplus row to create the vector of gross capital rentals, V1CAP(i). Secondly, PAK.TAB makes sure that the subsidies row, V1OCT(i), contains no zeros.112 To that end, the TABLO program adds -1 to each element of V1OCT(i)113 and adds 1 to the corresponding entries of the wages of labour row, V1LAB(i), leaving the column totals of the USE matrix unchanged and thus preserving the accounting identity.
Thirdly, the use of land vector—V1LND(i)—was not present in the original I-O table 1990-91. Unfortunately, to our knowledge, no data were available on the proportion of land and capital for the 11 land-using industries114 defined in Section 1 of PAK.TAB. Therefore, it was decided to follow the proportion of capital (2/3) and land 112 The reason for this adjustment is that situations may arise in which we need to give a shock to subsidies (V1OCT(i)). Horridge (2002a) points out that such calculations are frustrated if any element of V1OCT(i) is zero. Moreover, the percentage change approach to solve the models of the ORANI tradition sometimes has difficulty in coping with such zero flows in the database (Horridge, 2002a). 113 It should be noted that the subsidies row—V1OCT(i)—contains negative values. 114 The land using industries are: CrpRicePad, CrpWheat, CrpCotnPht, CrpSugCane, CrpTobacco, CrpOtr, CrpPulsAGram, CrpOilSeeds, Livestock, Forestry and Mining.
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(1/3) used in an Indonesian model’s database,115 described in Horridge (2002a). Finally, the production tax vector (V1PTX(i)) is filled with zeros because no production tax was included in PAKREG’s primary database—the I-O table 1990-91.
Section 3: Construction of Vectors of Primary Factors Coefficient (all,i,IND) V1CAP(i) # Total V1CAP in industry i #; (all,i,IND) V1LAB(i) # Wages #; (all,i,IND) V1LND(i) # Total land use in industry i #; (all,i,IND) V1PTX(i) # Production tax/subsidies concerning industry i # (all,i,IND) V1OCT(i) # "Other Cost Tickets"(specific subsidies) paid to industry i #; Formula ! ORANIG concept of rentals is gross not net ! (all,i,IND) V1CAP(i) = USE("OprSurplus","dom",i) + USE("Depreciation","dom",i); ! allow for ‘Other Costs’ shocks ! (all,i,IND) V1OCT(i) = -1.0 + USE("Subsidy","dom",i); (all,i,IND) V1LAB(i) = USE("WageSalary","dom",i) + 1.0; ! impute 1/3 of gross operative surplus in extractive industries to land ! (all,i,IND) V1LND(i) = 0.0; (all,i,LNDUSR) V1LND(i) = V1CAP(i)/3.0; (all,i,LNDUSR) V1CAP(i) = V1CAP(i) - V1LND(i); ! fill zeros in the production tax vector ! (all,i,IND) V1PTX(i) = 0.0;
Section 4: Aggregating Exports of Goods and Services and Avoiding Re-Exports Currently, PAKREG does not differentiate between export of goods and export of services. In addition, as mentioned previously, it assumes that there are no re-exports, that is, no imports are re-exported without being processed in a domestic industry. In accordance with these requirements, Section 4 of PAK.TAB combines the export of goods and export of services into a single column ‘export of goods’. Moreover, it makes sure that the import matrix contains zero entries in the columns ‘export of goods’ and ‘export of services’. This task has been performed to avoid the possibility of including erroneously an entry in the export columns of the import matrix.
Section 4: Move ExpSrvces to ExpGoods Column and Ignore Re-Exports Formula (all,c,COM) USE(c,"dom","ExpGoods") = USE(c,"dom","ExpGoods") + USE(c,"dom","ExpSrvces"); (all,c,COM) USE(c,"dom","ExpSrvces") = 0; (all,c,COM) USE(c,"imp","ExpGoods") = 0; (all,c,COM) USE(c,"imp","ExpSrvces") = 0;
Section 5: Construction of Indirect Tax Matrices and Conversion of Data from Producers’ Prices to Basic Value The input data tables of PAK.TAB are valued at producers’ prices (see Tables A5.2a and A5.2b). This provides information on the total indirect tax levied on the sale of each commodity, which needed to be apportioned across all users except ‘inventory
115 This is likely to be a reasonably accurate approximation of the proportion of capital and land in Pakistan’s land-using industries for two reasons. Indonesia and Pakistan have similar economic structure in the sense that both of them belong to the group of developing countries; and agriculture is a significant part of the economies of both the countries.
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changes’116 and exports,117 and the resulting indirect tax (on purchases) matrix is subtracted from the I-O table 1990-91 to convert it to basic prices, as explained below.
The indirect tax on imports in the imported part of the USE table (see Table A5.2b) is already in the form a column. This section of PAK.TAB, effectively converts the indirect tax row in the domestic part of the USE table (somewhat equivalent to Table A5.2a) into a column. After that, the commodity totals of the indirect tax are distributed proportionally across all users excluding ‘exports’ and ‘inventory changes’. This type of allocation assumes that all users (except ‘inventory changes’ and ‘exports’) of a certain commodity pay the same tax rate, which sits comfortably with the homogeneous indirect tax structure in Pakistan (Chaudhry, 1995). Finally, the indirect tax on purchases matrix, TAX(c,s,t), is subtracted from the USE(c,s,i) matrix to convert it from producers’ prices to basic prices.
Section 5: Pro-Rate Indirect Tax across Users and Subtract from USE Coefficient TINY # To avoid zerodivide errors #; (all,t,TAXED) TAXWEIGHT(t) # Tax weight factor #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) INDTAX(c,s) # Total indirect tax on commodities #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) WEIGHTED_TOT(c,s) # Total sales to taxed users #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,t,TAXED) TAX(c,s,t) # Indirect tax on commodities #; Formula TINY = 0.00000001; ! Default for all users ! (all,t,TAXED) TAXWEIGHT(t) = 1.0; ! Zero tax on Exports ! TAXWEIGHT("ExpGoods") = 0.0 ; ! The remaining users pay the same rate of tax ! (all,s,SEC) INDTAX(s,"dom") = USE("IndirectTax","dom",s); (all,c,COM) INDTAX(c,"imp") = USE(c,"imp","ImpSalesTax"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) WEIGHTED_TOT(c,s) = sum{t,TAXED,TAXWEIGHT(t)*USE(c,s,t)}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,t,TAXED) TAX(c,s,t) = INDTAX(c,s)*TAXWEIGHT(t)*USE(c,s,t)/(TINY + WEIGHTED_TOT(c,s)); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,t,TAXED) USE(c,s,t) = USE(c,s,t) - TAX(c,s,t); ! Conversion of USE from producers’ prices to basic value !
Section 6: Construction of Margin Matrices Having converted the database from producers’ prices to basic prices, the next step was the construction of the margin matrix associated with the purchases of all users (except flows to stocks). Our 60-sector database contained a single margin commodity, trade and transport (TradeTransp), which included both indirect sales (margin) and direct sales. The first step toward creating the margin matrix was separating the trade and transport margin from the direct sales of trade and transport.
The FBS (2001a) provided data on total supply of the domestic margin commodity and the use of the domestic margin commodity as margin118 during 1990-91, which were 116 The indirect tax is not allocated to ‘inventory changes’ because the specification of PAKREG precludes taxes on flows to stocks. The assumption that tax collected is proportional to the flow sits uneasily with the possibility of negative flows (Horridge, 2002a). 117 Exports attract no indirect tax, as stated in Chapter 2 of The Sales Tax Act of Pakistan 1990 (Chaudhry, 1995).
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Rs 253,682 million and Rs 216,489 million, respectively. That is, 85.3387 per cent of the trade and transport commodity was used as margin. Hence, Section 6 of PAK.TAB subtracts 85.3387 per cent from each entry in the domestic portion of the margin commodity row and distributes it across the direct use of the corresponding domestic and imported commodities in that column to prepare the matrices of margin on purchases.119 This task is accomplished by multiplying the direct use of each commodity in a certain column by the ratio of the margin to the total direct use of all commodities in that column. This implies that while the ratio of the margin to the total direct use of all the commodities remains the same across the commodities for each user, the ratio changes across users.
This is contrary to our treatment of the indirect tax in the previous section where the rate of tax remained the same across all users (except ‘exports’ and ‘inventory changes’). The different treatment of the indirect tax and the margin is based on the fact that the input data are valued at producers’ prices. That is, while each entry in the indirect tax row represents the indirect tax levied on the sale of the commodities in the corresponding column, the margin component in each entry of the margin commodity row is associated with the purchase of the commodities in the corresponding column.
Section 6: Separate out Margin ! Take 0.853387 of each user’s use of domestic margin commodity from USE ! Coefficient (all,m,MAR)(all,t,TAXED) MARGIN_C(m,t) # Users total use of margin m #; Formula (all,m,MAR)(all,t,TAXED) MARGIN_C(m,t) = 0.853387*USE(m,"dom",t); (all,m,MAR)(all,t,TAXED) USE(m,"dom",t) = USE(m,"dom",t) - MARGIN_C(m,t); ! .... and distribute it across the remaining direct, usage ! Coefficient (all,t,TAXED) DIRUSE(t) # Direct use of goods #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,t,TAXED)(all,m,MAR) MARGIN(c,s,t,m); Formula (all,t,TAXED) DIRUSE(t) = sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, USE(c,s,t)}}; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,t,TAXED)(all,m,MAR) MARGIN(c,s,t,m) = MARGIN_C(m,t) * USE(c,s,t) / (TINY + DIRUSE(t));
Section 7: Estimation of Investment Shares
The I-O table 1990-91 provided the capital formation data in the form of a single vector ‘Investment’ (see Table 5.1). The construction of the import matrix 1990-91 enabled us to split this vector into two vectors illustrating the usage of the domestic and imported commodities for fixed capital formation. However, PAKREG required the disaggregation of these two vectors in the form of two matrices showing the domestic and imported commodity flows to capital creation in each industry and the construction of the associated margin and indirect taxes matrices.
To our knowledge, there was no information available on the flows of the 60 commodities to the 60 industries in our database for capital formation. Given the scarcity of information, the first version of the capital formation matrices was constructed by allocating the domestic and imported investment vectors to the domestic
118 In line with the models of the ORANI tradition, PAKREG assume no imports of margin. 119 It is worthy of note that after deducting margin from the domestic margin commodity, its values in the USE table comprise only the direct use of the margin commodity.
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industries in proportion to their shares of capital rentals.120 To that end, Section 7 of PAK.TAB calculates the shares of capital rentals for the 60 industries in our database. These shares will be used in Section 8 of PAK.TAB to construct the capital formation matrices; the associated margin and indirect tax matrices will be created on a proportional basis. (It should be noted that a combination of the programs PAK.TAB, DAGG and Excel will be used to refine these capital flow matrices and the associated margin and indirect tax matrices in Appendix 5.6.)
Section 7: Guess Shares of Investment according to Capital Rentals Coefficient V1CAP_I # Total payments to capital #; (all,i,IND) INVSHR(i) # Shares in total investment #; Formula V1CAP_I = sum{i,IND,V1CAP(i)}; (all,i,IND) INVSHR(i) = V1CAP(i)/V1CAP_I; Write INVSHR to File OUTFILE Header "INVS" Longname " Each industry’s shares in total investment" ;
Section 8: Construction of all Basic, Margin, Indirect Tax and Capital Formation Matrices This section arranges the basic, margin and tax matrices in the form required by our model (see Figures 5.1a). All of these matrices are extracted, or calculated, from the USE, TAX and MARGIN matrices estimated in the previous sections of PAK.TAB.121 For example, the basic commodity flows, V1BAS(c,s,i), V3BAS(c,s), V4BAS(c), V5BAS(c,s) and V6BAS(c,s), are taken directly from the corresponding parts of the 3-dimensional table USE(c,s,i)—intermediate usage, household consumption, exports, government demand and inventory changes. The remaining coefficient of the basic flows—the capital formation matrices, V2BAS(c,s,i)—was also calculated from USE(c,s,i) on the basis of the investment share of each industry, INVSHR(i), estimated in Section 7 of PAK.TAB. This is done by allocating each commodity in the investment columns (domestic and imported) of USE(c,s,i) to all the 60 industries in proportion to each industry’s investment share in the total investment. The associated margin and indirect taxes matrices are created in the same way from MARGIN(c,s,i,m), TAX(c,s,i) and INVSHR(i).
Section 8: Define Remaining Flows Coefficients Coefficient ! Basic flows of commodities ! (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1BAS(c,s,i) # Intermediate #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2BAS(c,s,i) # Investment #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3BAS(c,s) # Households #; (all,c,COM) V4BAS(c) # Export #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5BAS(c,s) # Other Demand #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V6BAS(c,s) # Inventories #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1BAS(c,s,i) = USE(c,s,i);
120 This method has been used in Horridge (2002a) to construct the capital formation matrices of the database underpinning an Indonesian model of the ORANI tradition. The underlying assumption of this method is that the commodity composition of investment is the same for all the industries. 121 Since the tax matrices (TAX(c,s,i)) and the total use of margin matrices (MARGIN_C(m,t)) have already been deducted from the USE table in Sections 5 and 6 of PAK.TAB, the USE table contains the direct use of goods valued at basic prices.
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(all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2BAS(c,s,i) = INVSHR(i)*USE(c,s,"Invest"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3BAS(c,s) = USE(c,s,"PrivateCons"); (all,c,COM) V4BAS(c) = USE(c,"dom","ExpGoods"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5BAS(c,s) = USE(c,s,"GovtCons"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V6BAS(c,s) = USE(c,s,"Stocks"); Coefficient ! Margin flows ! (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V1MAR(c,s,i,m) # Intermediate #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR(c,s,i,m) # Investment #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V3MAR(c,s,m) # Households #; (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V4MAR(c,m) # Export #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V5MAR(c,s,m) # Other #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V1MAR(c,s,i,m) = MARGIN(c,s,i,m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR(c,s,i,m) = INVSHR(i)*MARGIN(c,s,"Invest",m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V3MAR(c,s,m) = MARGIN(c,s,"PrivateCons",m); (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V4MAR(c,m) = MARGIN(c,"dom","ExpGoods",m); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V5MAR(c,s,m) = MARGIN(c,s,"GovtCons",m); Coefficient ! Taxes on basic flows ! (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1TAX(c,s,i) # Intermediate #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2TAX(c,s,i) # Investment #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3TAX(c,s) # Households #; (all,c,COM) V4TAX(c) # Export #; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5TAX(c,s) # Other #; (all,c,COM) V0TAR(c) # V0TAR revenue #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V1TAX(c,s,i) = TAX(c,s,i); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2TAX(c,s,i) = INVSHR(i)*TAX(c,s,"Invest"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V3TAX(c,s) = TAX(c,s,"PrivateCons"); (all,c,COM) V4TAX(c) = TAX(c,"dom","ExpGoods"); (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V5TAX(c,s) = TAX(c,s,"GovtCons"); (all,c,COM) V0TAR(c) = USE(c,"imp","ImpDuty");
Section 9: Checking Data Identities In Section 2 of PAK.TAB, it was checked that the input data added up. In addition, all the calculations in the following sections maintained the identity between domestic outputs and domestic sales, ensuring that this identity is not distorted. However, Horridge (2002a) argues that we should check some identities again at this stage because some balancing errors can occur during the data construction process.
As a result, the first part of this section checks some accounting identities. CHK6 is used to ensure that the value of each industry’s sales (CHK7) is equal to its production costs (CHK8). In other words, pure profits are zero. Lastly, CHK9 verifies the total basic value of imports by extracting them from the USE table. The rest of the section demonstrates how any balancing errors mentioned in Horridge (2002a) can be adjusted either to capital rentals or to government demands.
Section 9: Check that Data Written to File Adds up Coefficient (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i) # Total cost in each industry #; (all,c,COM) V0MAR_CSI(c) # Total usage for margin purposes #; (all,c,COM) SALES(c) # Total sales of domestic commodity c #;
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(all,c,COM) V0IMP(c) # Total basic-value imports of good c #; (all,s,SEC) PURE_PROFITS(s) # Sales - costs, industry i (should be 0) #; Formula (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i) = V1OCT(i) + V1LAB(i) + V1CAP(i) + V1LND(i) + sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V1BAS(c,s,i) +V1TAX(c,s,i) +sum{m,MAR,V1MAR(c,s,i,m)}}}; (all,c,COM) V0MAR_CSI(c) = 0.0; (all,m,MAR) V0MAR_CSI(m) = sum{c,COM, V4MAR(c,m) + sum{s,SRC, V5MAR(c,s,m) + V3MAR(c,s,m) + sum{i,IND, V1MAR(c,s,i,m) + V2MAR(c,s,i,m) } }}; (all,c,COM) SALES(c) = sum{i,IND,V1BAS(c,"dom",i) + V2BAS(c,"dom",i)} + V3BAS(c,"dom") + V4BAS(c) + V5BAS(c,"dom") + V6BAS(c,"dom") +V0MAR_CSI(c); (all,c,COM) V0IMP(c) = sum{i,IND,V1BAS(c,"imp",i) + V2BAS(c,"imp",i)} + V3BAS(c,"imp") + V5BAS(c,"imp") + V6BAS(c,"imp"); (all,s,SEC) PURE_PROFITS(s) = SALES(s) - V1TOT(s); Write PURE_PROFITS to file OUTFILE header "CHK6" longname "Check: Pure Profits"; SALES to file OUTFILE header "CHK7" longname "Check: Sales"; V1TOT to file OUTFILE header "CHK8" longname "Check: Costs"; V0IMP to file OUTFILE header "CHK9" longname "Check: Imports"; ! Finally adjust profits and sales to government for perfect balance whilst avoiding negative flows ! Formula (all,s,SEC: PURE_PROFITS(s) > 0.0) V1CAP(s) = V1CAP(s) + PURE_PROFITS(s); (all,s,SEC: PURE_PROFITS(s) < 0.0) V5BAS(s,"dom") = V5BAS(s,"dom") - PURE_PROFITS(s); ! Recompute sales and costs ! (all,c,COM) SALES(c) = sum{i,IND,V1BAS(c,"dom",i) + V2BAS(c,"dom",i)} + V3BAS(c,"dom") + V4BAS(c) + V5BAS(c,"dom") + V6BAS(c,"dom") +V0MAR_CSI(c); (all,i,IND) V1TOT(i) = V1OCT(i) + V1LAB(i) + V1CAP(i) + V1LND(i) + sum{c,COM, sum{s,SRC, V1BAS(c,s,i) +V1TAX(c,s,i) +sum{m,MAR,V1MAR(c,s,i,m)}}};
Section 10: Construction of MAKE Matrix The final matrix created by PAK.TAB is the MAKE(c,i) matrix which provides information on the value of output of each commodity by each industry. Horridge et al. (2003, p.11) argue that it is a common practice of statistical bureaus to adjust the I-O data to eliminate off-diagonal MAKE matrix values, so producing an industry/industry or commodity/commodity I-O table. The MAKE matrix created by PAK.TAB is also a diagonal matrix. That is, each industry produces a single unique commodity and each commodity is produced by a single industry, thus precluding multiproduction.
Section 10: Create Diagonal MAKE Matrix Using Industry Costs Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) MAKE(c,i); Formula (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) MAKE(c,i) = 0.0; (all,s,SEC) MAKE(s,s) = V1TOT(s);
Section 11: Writing All Matrices to HAR File Finally, all the (36) I-O matrices required for the implementation of the core model (as shown in the 1st eight rows in Figure 5.1a) are written to a HAR file.
Section 11: Write out All Headers Write V0TAR to file OUTFILE header "0TAR" longname "Tariff Revenue"; V1BAS to file OUTFILE header "1BAS" longname "Intermediate Basic";
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V1CAP to file OUTFILE header "1CAP" longname "Capital"; V1LAB to file OUTFILE header "1LAB" longname "Labour"; V1LND to file OUTFILE header "1LND" longname "Land"; V1MAR to file OUTFILE header "1MAR" longname "Intermediate Margin"; V1PTX to file OUTFILE header "1PTX" longname "Production Taxes"; V1OCT to file OUTFILE header "1OCT" longname "Other Costs"; V1TAX to file OUTFILE header "1TAX" longname "Intermediate Tax"; V2BAS to file OUTFILE header "2BAS" longname "Investment Basic"; V2MAR to file OUTFILE header "2MAR" longname "Investment Margin"; V2TAX to file OUTFILE header "2TAX" longname "Investment Tax"; V3BAS to file OUTFILE header "3BAS" longname "Households Basic"; V3MAR to file OUTFILE header "3MAR" longname "Households Margin"; V3TAX to file OUTFILE header "3TAX" longname "Households Tax"; V4BAS to file OUTFILE header "4BAS" longname "Exports Basic"; V4MAR to file OUTFILE header "4MAR" longname "Exports Margin"; V4TAX to file OUTFILE header "4TAX" longname "Exports Tax"; V5BAS to file OUTFILE header "5BAS" longname "Government Basic"; V5MAR to file OUTFILE header "5MAR" longname "Government Margin"; V5TAX to file OUTFILE header "5TAX" longname "Government Tax"; V6BAS to file OUTFILE header "6BAS" longname "Stocks"; MAKE to file OUTFILE header "MAKE" longname "Multiproduction Matrix";
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APPENDIX 5.6: REFINEMENT OF CAPITAL FORMATION AND ASSOCIATED INDIRECT TAX AND MARGIN MATRICES
This appendix explains the procedure employed to improve the capital formation matrices (constructed in Section 8 of PAK.TAB in Appendix 5.5) based on the simple proportional rule of using the investment share of each industry.122 The strategy to improve the capital formation matrices is based upon a technique illustrated in Horridge (2002a, p.17), as explained in the following paragraphs.
Using PAK.TAB to Extract Different Segments of Domestic and Imported Capital Formation Matrices A new section (Section 12) with three parts was added to PAK.TAB to write to a HAR file the following segments of the domestic and imported capital formation matrices constructed in Section 8 of PAK.TAB. Part 1 of Section 12 calculated the row totals of the basic, margin and indirect tax matrices of the domestic capital formation matrix. These row totals were exported in the form of 3 separate columns to the HAR file. Part II estimated the row totals of the basic, margin and indirect tax components of the imported capital formation matrix and wrote them in the HAR file in the form of 3 separate columns. Part III prepared capital formation matrices of domestic and imported inputs at purchasers’ prices by adding the corresponding basic, margin and indirect tax components of the capital formation matrix.
Section 12: Refinement of Capital Formation and Associated Margin and Indirect Tax Matrices ! Part 1: Construct basic (IBAD), tax (ITAD) and margin (IMAD) components of ! ! domestic capital formation matrix and write them to outfile ! Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V2BAS_I(c,s) # Investment basic flows # ; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V2TAX_I(c,s) # Investment tax flows # ; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_I(c,s,m) # Investment margin # ; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V2BAS_I(c,s) = sum{i,IND,V2BAS(c,s,i)} ; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC) V2TAX_I(c,s) = sum{i,IND,V2TAX(c,s,i)} ; (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_I(c,s,m) = sum{i,IND,V2MAR(c,s,i,m)} ; Coefficient (all,c,COM) V2BAS_ID(c) # Domestic investment basic flows # ; (all,c,COM) V2TAX_ID(c) # Domestic investment tax flows # ; (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_ID(c,m) # Domestic investment margin # ; Formula (all,c,COM) V2BAS_ID(c) = V2BAS_I(c,"dom") ; (all,c,COM) V2TAX_ID(c) = V2TAX_I(c,"dom") ; (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_ID(c,m) = V2MAR_I(c,"dom",m) ; Write V2BAS_ID to file OUTFILE header "IBAD" longname "Domestic Invest.Usage by COM and SRC at Basic Prices" ; V2TAX_ID to file OUTFILE header "ITAD" longname "Tax on Domestic Invest.Usage by COM and SRC" ; V2MAR_ID to file OUTFILE header "IMAD" longname "Margin on Domestic Invest.Usage by COM, SRC and MAR" ;
122 The theoretical aspects of this technique have been discussed in Section 5.3.2.2.4.2.
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! Part II: Construct basic (IBAM), tax (ITAM) and margin (IMAM) components of imported capital ! ! formation matrix and write them to outfile ! Coefficient (all,c,COM) V2BAS_IM(c) # Imported investment basic flows # ; (all,c,COM) V2TAX_IM(c) # Imported investment tax flows # ; (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_IM(c,m) # Imported investment margin # ; Formula (all,c,COM) V2BAS_IM(c) = V2BAS_I(c,"imp") ; (all,c,COM) V2TAX_IM(c) = V2TAX_I(c,"imp") ; (all,c,COM)(all,m,MAR) V2MAR_IM(c,m) = V2MAR_I(c,"imp",m) ; Write V2BAS_IM to file OUTFILE header "IBAM" longname "Imported Invest.Usage by COM and SRC at Basic Prices" ; V2TAX_IM to file OUTFILE header "ITAM" longname "Tax on Imported Invest.Usage by COM and SRC" ; V2MAR_IM to file OUTFILE header "IMAM" longname "Margin on Imported Invest.Usage by COM, SRC and MAR" ; ! Part III: Construct the domestic capital formation matrix at purchasers’ prices ! ! (IPPD) and imported capital formation matrix at purchasers’ prices (IPPM), ! ! and write them to outfile. ! Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2PUR(c,s,i) # Investment purchaser’s value #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,s,SRC)(all,i,IND) V2PUR(c,s,i) = V2BAS(c,s,i) + V2TAX(c,s,i) + sum{m,MAR, V2MAR(c,s,i,m)}; Coefficient (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_D(c,i) # Domestic investment at purchaser’s value #; (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_M(c,i) # Imported investment at purchaser’s value #; Formula (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_D(c,i) = V2PUR(c,"dom",i) ; (all,c,COM)(all,i,IND) V2PUR_M(c,i) = V2PUR(c,"imp",i) ; Write V2PUR_D to file OUTFILE header "IPPD" longname "Domestic Invest.Usage by COM and IND at PP"; V2PUR_M to file OUTFILE header "IPPM" longname "Imported Invest.Usage by COM and IND at PP"; ! End of program !
Improvement of Domestic and Imported Capital Flow Matrices in Excel The domestic and imported capital formation matrices at purchasers’ prices, (prepared in PAK.TAB, Section 12, Part III) along with the vector of capital rentals, V1CAP(i),123 were exported from the HAR file to an Excel spreadsheet. The intermediate usage matrices of domestic and imported inputs (from Tables A5.2a and A5.2b) were also copied to the same spreadsheet in order to identify the industries investing in a particular commodity. The domestic and imported capital formation matrices at purchasers’ prices were improved manually in Excel using the Horridge (2002a, p.17) method described in Section 5.3.2.2.4.2. These improved matrices were copied back to the HAR file.
123 V1CAP(i) has already been written to a HAR file in Section 11 of PAK.TAB, Appendix 5.5.
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Splitting Improved Capital Formation Matrices at Purchasers’ Prices into Basic, Margin and Indirect Tax Matrices The improved capital formation matrices at purchasers’ prices were inadequate for our model until disaggregated into their basic, margin and indirect tax components. To that end, the row totals of the previous domestic and imported basic, margin and indirect tax matrices (in the form of 6 columns—constructed in PAK.TAB, Section 12, Parts I and II) were taken and distributed over the 60 industry columns using the weights of the improved domestic and imported capital formation matrices at purchasers’ prices. (Please refer to Section 4 of this appendix for the DAGG input file used to accomplish this task.) Finally, the previous basic, margin and indirect tax matrices in our database were replaced with the new ones to be used as the input data for our model.
DAGG Input File to Split Improved Capital Formation Matrices into Basic, Margin and Tax Matrices The first file (Main.har) in Box A5.6a contains the row totals of the basic, margin and indirect tax component of the old domestic capital formation matrix in the form of 3 columns entitled IBAD, IMAD and ITAD, respectively. Included in Main.har are also the row totals of the basic, margin and indirect tax components of the old imported capital formation matrix in the form of 3 columns, namely, IBAM, IMAM and ITAM, respectively. The second file, SplitInv.har, comprises the 60 by 60 improved domestic and imported capital formation matrices at purchasers’ prices denoted by IPPD and IPPM, respectively.
The SPLIT command distributes the row totals of the basic, margin and indirect tax components of the old domestic and imported capital formation matrices (in the form of 6 columns) over the 60 industries in accordance with the composition of the improved domestic and imported capital formation matrices in the SplitInv.har file; and writes the new basic, margin and indirect tax matrices in InvImprv.har file. The data from InvImprv.har were copied to our main database.
BOX A5.6A: DAGG INPUT FILE TO SPLIT IMPROVED CAPITAL FORMATION MATRICES INTO BASIC, MARGIN AND TAX MATRICES Main.har SplitInv.har InvImprv.har SPLIT IBAD 60*1 2 1 60 IPPD 60*60 SPLIT ITAD 60*1 2 1 60 IPPD 60*60 SPLIT IMAD 60*1*1 2 1 60 IPPD 60*60*1 SPLIT IBAM 60*1 2 1 60 IPPM 60*60 SPLIT ITAM 60*1 2 1 60 IPPM 60*60 SPLIT IMAM 60*1*1 2 1 60 IPPM 60*60*1 Stop
368
APPENDIX 5.7: REGIONAL INDUSTRY OUTPUT SHARES
PART A: Regional Output Shares Estimated by Converting Quantities of Different Commodities to Comparable Values The regional shares of the first industry, 6 CrpOtr (Other Crops), were estimated as follows. The outputs of all the commodities in 6 CrpOtr were included in the first part of Table A5.7a. In the second part of Table Table A5.7a, price indices of the outputs of these commodities were created using the prices of commodities provided in the Pakistan Statistical Year Book 1991, prepared by the FBS (1992). The values of these price indices were multiplied by the quantities of the corresponding commodities to make their values comparable to each other. Finally, the regional shares of 6 CrpOtr were calculated in proportion to the total value of these commodities in each region (refer to the last two rows of Table A5.7a). The same procedure was applied to construct the regional shares of 7 CrpPulsAGram, 8 CrpOilSeeds and 9 Livestock in Tables A5.7b, A5.7c and A5.7d, respectively.
Table A5.7a: Computation of Regional Industry Output Shares of 6 CrpOtr Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Part 1: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes Bajra 124.4 69.7 8.7 0.3 203.1Jowar 132.7 52.5 15.5 37.7 238.4Barley 31.1 12.5 63.2 51.5 158.3Sunhemp 3194 0 75 0 3269Jute 4 2 0 0 6Citrus fruits 1585.9 35.8 33.3 10.3 1665.3Mango 510.1 270.9 2 10.7 793.7Banana 15 23.2 12.5 1.3 52Apple 2 0.2 83.4 253.4 339Guava 333 20.7 27 3.3 384Apricot 0.4 0 17.4 104.3 122.1Peach 0.8 0 9.4 23.3 33.5Pears 1.9 0 30.7 0.9 33.5Plums 0.5 0 35 29.2 64.7Grapes 0 0 1.3 36.3 37.6Pomegranate 13.9 0 2 48.4 64.3Dates 87.4 84 5.8 98 275.2Almonds 0 0 2.9 37.1 40Onion 171.8 303.6 88.3 290 853.7Garlic 21.9 14.4 28.5 1.4 66.2Chillies 20.8 46.9 0.4 7.2 75.3Coriander 0.5 1.3 0.1 1.3 3.2Turmeric 27.9 0.1 10.9 0 38.9Potato 757.1 5.2 92 78.5 932.8Tomato 55.6 30 83.9 73.7 243.2Green Peas 21.6 45.9 2.2 1.6 71.3Sugar beet 0 0.9 232.3 0 233.2Other vegetables 1876.4 210.3 433.9 497.1 3017.7 Part 2: Price indices Bajra 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Jowar 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Barley 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Sunhemp 5 5 5 5 Jute 25 25 25 25 Citrus fruits 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Mango 4 4 4 4 Banana 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Apple 5 5 5 5 Guava 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Apricot 5 5 5 5 Peach 4 4 4 4 Pears 2 2 2 2 Plums 4 4 4 4 Grapes 5 5 5 5 Pomegranate 5 5 5 5 Dates 4 4 4 4 Almonds 30 30 30 30 Onion 1 1 1 1
369
Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan TotalGarlic 2 2 2 2 Chillies 6 6 6 6 Coriander 16 16 16 16 Turmeric 20 20 20 20 Potato 1 1 1 1 Tomato 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Green Peas 4 4 4 4 Sugar beet 2 2 2 2 Other vegetables 2 2 2 2 Part 3: Production multiplied by price indices Bajra 311 174.25 21.75 0.75 507.75Jowar 331.75 131.25 38.75 94.25 596Barley 77.75 31.25 158 128.75 395.75Sunhemp 15970 0 375 0 16345Jute 100 50 0 0 150Citrus fruits 1744.49 39.38 36.63 11.33 1831.83Mango 2040.4 1083.6 8 42.8 3174.8Banana 22.5 34.8 18.75 1.95 78Apple 10 1 417 1267 1695Guava 499.5 31.05 40.5 4.95 576Apricot 2 0 87 521.5 610.5Peach 3.2 0 37.6 93.2 134Pears 3.8 0 61.4 1.8 67Plums 2 0 140 116.8 258.8Grapes 0 0 6.5 181.5 188Pomegranate 69.5 0 10 242 321.5Dates 349.6 336 23.2 392 1100.8Almonds 0 0 87 1113 1200Onion 171.8 303.6 88.3 290 853.7Garlic 43.8 28.8 57 2.8 132.4Chillies 124.8 281.4 2.4 43.2 451.8Coriander 8 20.8 1.6 20.8 51.2Turmeric 558 2 218 0 778Potato 757.1 5.2 92 78.5 932.8Tomato 139 75 209.75 184.25 608Green Peas 86.4 183.6 8.8 6.4 285.2Sugar beet 0 1.8 464.6 0 466.4Other vegetables 3752.8 420.6 867.8 994.2 6035.4Total Value 27179.19 3235.38 3577.33 5833.73 39825.63Shares in Output 0.682454741 0.081238640 0.089824819 0.146481801 1Source: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes is taken from the Agricultural Census Organisation (1992). The price indices have been constructed from the FBS (1992).
Table A5.7b: Computation of Regional Industry Output Shares of 7 CrpPulsAGram Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Part 1: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes Gram 227 66 40.6 13.7 347.3Mung 48.4 3.7 4.8 5.2 62.1Mash 25.7 0.7 2.5 1.4 30.3Masoor 19 4.7 4.4 0.1 28.2Other Kharif Pulses 3.1 1.1 1.3 0.9 6.4Other Rabi Pulses 0.4 1 0.2 0 1.6 Part 2: Price indices Gram 4 4 4 4 Mung 4 4 4 4 Mash 5 5 5 5 Masoor 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 Other Kharif Pulses 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 Other Rabi Pulses 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 Part 3: Production multiplied by price indices Gram 908 264 162.4 54.8 1389.2Mung 193.6 14.8 19.2 20.8 248.4Mash 128.5 3.5 12.5 7 151.5Masoor 66.5 16.45 15.4 0.35 98.7Other Kharif Pulses 10.85 3.85 4.55 3.15 22.4Other Rabi Pulses 1.4 3.5 0.7 0 5.6Total Value 1308.85 306.1 214.75 86.1 1915.8Shares in Output 0.683187180 0.159776595 0.112094164 0.044942061 1Source: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes is taken from the Agricultural Census Organisation (1992). The price indices have been constructed from the FBS (1992).
370
Table A5.7c: Computation of Regional Industry Output Shares of 8 CrpOilSeeds Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Part 1: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes Rapeseed & Mustard 118.2 44.8 17.6 26.3 206.9Groundnut 78.9 5.5 16.7 0 101.1Sesame 32 0.7 0.3 1 34Sunflower 45256 12551 3330 667 61804Soybean 0 677 1572 124 2373Safflower 0 451 0 184 635Linseed 2327 1775 0 0 4102Guar seed 192.6 16.7 9.1 2.3 220.7Castor seed 193 1980 0 3570 5743 Part 2: Price indices Rapeseed & Mustard 40 40 40 40 Groundnut 25 25 25 25 Sesame 30 30 30 30 Sunflower 16 16 16 16 Soybean 16 16 16 16 Safflower 14 14 14 14 Linseed 13 13 13 13 Guar seed 13 13 13 13 Castor seed 14 14 14 14 Part 3: Production multiplied by price indices Rapeseed & Mustard 4728 1792 704 1052 8276Groundnut 1972.5 137.5 417.5 0 2527.5Sesame 960 21 9 30 1020Sunflower 724096 200816 53280 10672 988864Soybean 0 10832 25152 1984 37968Safflower 0 6314 0 2576 8890Linseed 30251 23075 0 0 53326Guar seed 2503.8 217.1 118.3 29.9 2869.1Castor seed 2702 27720 0 49980 80402Total Value 767213.3 270924.6 79680.8 66323.9 1184142.6Shares in Output 0.647906173 0.228793897 0.067289869 0.056010062 1Source: Production in ‘000’ Tonnes is taken from the Agricultural Census Organisation (1992). The price indices have been constructed from the FBS (1992).
Table A5.7d: Computation of Regional Industry Output Shares of 9 Livestock Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Part 1: Number of animals Cattle 8584438 3945879 3809006 964927 17304250Buffaloes 13170137 4221706 1155413 96710 18643966Goats 13685867 8913333 6095383 6064526 34759109Sheep 4118965 2220100 1546023 5245663 13130751Camels 143131 260657 57892 152011 613691Horses 157731 49319 43945 23600 274595Mules 41825 9961 37661 1680 91127Donkeys 1705864 532972 442255 296443 2977534 Part 2: Price indices Cattle 10 10 10 10 40Buffaloes 10 10 10 10 40Goats 1 1 1 1 4Sheep 1 1 1 1 4Camels 20 20 20 20 80Horses 15 15 15 15 60Mules 12 12 12 12 48Donkeys 3 3 3 3 12 Part 3: Number of animals multiplied by price index Cattle 85844380 39458790 38090060 9649270 173042500Buffaloes 131701370 42217060 11554130 967100 186439660Goats 13685867 8913333 6095383 6064526 34759109Sheep 4118965 2220100 1546023 5245663 13130751Camels 2862620 5213140 1157840 3040220 12273820Horses 2365965 739785 659175 354000 4118925Mules 501900 119532 451932 20160 1093524Donkeys 5117592 1598916 1326765 889329 8932602Total Value 246198659 100480656 60881308 26230268 433790891Shares in Output 0.567551473 0.231633854 0.140347133 0.060467540 1Source: The numbers of animals are taken from the Agricultural Census Organisation (1988). The price indices have been constructed from the FBS (1992).
371
PART B: Regional Output Shares of All 60 Industries in Database of PAKREG
Table A5.7e: Regional Industry Output Shares No. Industry Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Industries Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 0.450531 0.408459 0.035910 0.105099 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.726766 0.149661 0.073221 0.050351 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.909795 0.090073 0.000077 0.000055 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.526678 0.356206 0.116356 0.000759 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.222441 0.003937 0.735236 0.038386 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.682455 0.081239 0.089825 0.146482 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.683187 0.159777 0.112094 0.044942 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.647906 0.228794 0.067290 0.056010 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.567551 0.231634 0.140347 0.060468 1.000000 10 10 Forestry 0.135447 0.167147 0.383285 0.314121 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.581125 0.167400 0.179500 0.071975 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.250437 0.368524 0.089413 0.291627 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.628500 0.308813 0.044567 0.018120 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.476067 0.299079 0.223829 0.001025 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.275515 0.724485 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.443037 0.507046 0.049917 0.000000 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.384525 0.593973 0.004063 0.017440 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.624352 0.205161 0.081366 0.089121 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.543083 0.362055 0.094862 0.000000 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.843875 0.156125 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.627421 0.311847 0.045769 0.014964 1.000000 10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.347417 0.611995 0.023624 0.016965 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.539095 0.299518 0.033352 0.128035 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.516274 0.469534 0.008260 0.005932 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.244004 0.755996 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.475959 0.524041 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.125549 0.874451 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.402839 0.582717 0.004367 0.010077 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.859239 0.136540 0.004221 0.000000 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.270095 0.349651 0.250342 0.129912 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.422267 0.436744 0.042042 0.098948 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.230525 0.732371 0.006067 0.031037 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.545073 0.410701 0.027202 0.017025 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.255593 0.638020 0.091002 0.015385 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.166156 0.833844 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.283381 0.571815 0.044268 0.100536 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.384431 0.582605 0.022619 0.010344 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.353434 0.396172 0.198916 0.051477 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.385480 0.389325 0.120226 0.104969 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.287274 0.705619 0.007107 0.000000 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.328955 0.615461 0.055584 0.000000 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.801100 0.155595 0.004136 0.039169 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.345440 0.562445 0.033171 0.058944 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.068069 0.815507 0.014019 0.102405 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.955831 0.044169 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.377821 0.610099 0.012080 0.000000 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 Local Industries
4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.055056 0.344899 0.000000 0.600045 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.562224 0.267977 0.117984 0.051815 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.599482 0.346983 0.043045 0.010489 1.000000 10 56 BnkngInsure 0.485125 0.442377 0.054075 0.018423 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.619321 0.233994 0.122737 0.023947 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.492379 0.305237 0.153377 0.049008 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.908436 0.063305 0.028043 0.000216 1.000000
Note: See Table 5.7 in Chapter 5 for the data sources.
372
APPENDIX 5.8: REGIONAL INDUSTRY INVESTMENT SHARES
Table A5.8a: Construction of Regional Industry Investment Shares
Industry code Industry name Source of regional investment shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for industry investment (if
applicable) Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 CrpRicePad Crops: Rice (paddy) N/A N/A
2 CrpWheat Crops: Wheat N/A N/A
3 CrpCotnPht Crops: Cotton (phutty) N/A N/A
4 CrpSugCane Crops: Sugarcane N/A N/A
5 CrpTobacco Crops: Tobacco N/A N/A
6 CrpOtr Crops: Other crops N/A
7 CrpPulsAGram Crops: Pulses and grams N/A
8 CrpOilSeeds Crops: Oil seeds
Pakistan 1990 Agricultural Census, by the Agricultural Census Organisation (1992).
The quantities of dissimilar investment commodities were converted into common values using price indices from the FBS (1992).
N/A
9 Livestock Livestock 1986 Census of Livestock, by the Agricultural Census Organisation (1988).
The quantities of different types of animals were converted into a common value with the help of price indices in the FBS (1992).
N/A
10 Forestry Forestry N/A N/A The regional investment shares are based upon the corresponding regional output shares.
11 Fishing Fishing N/A N/A The same as above.
12 Mining Mining and quarrying Census of Mining Industries 1990-91 by the FBS (1993a).
N/A N/A
Manufacturing 13 MfVegOiletc MF: Vegetable oils etc.
14 MfMilling MF: Milling
15 MfBakeryPrd MF: Bakery products
16 MfSugar MF: Sugar
17 MfOtrFdPrd MF: Other food products
18 MfBeverages MF: Beverages
19 MfCigTobacco MF: Cigarettes and tobacco
20 MfGindCotnLn MF: Ginned cotton (lint)
21 MfCotnYarn MF: Cotton yarn
22 MfCotnCloth MF: Cotton cloth
23 MfArtSilk MF: Art silk
24 MfMupTxtOtrG MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products
25 MfKnitwear MF: Knitwear
26 MfCarpets MF: Carpets
27 MfGarments MF: Ready-made Garments
28 MfLthrAPrd MF: Leather and leather products
29 MfFootwear MF: Footwear
30 MfWdAWdPrdAF MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture
31 MfPprAPprPrd MF: Paper and paper products
32 MfPhrmcutics MF: Pharmaceutics
33 MfFrtlsrAPst MF: Fertilisers and pesticides
34 MfChACnsrPrd MF: Chemicals and consumer products
35 MfRefPetrol MF: Refined petroleum
36 MfRbrAPlsPrd MF: Rubber and plastic products
37 MfOtrCh MF: Other chemicals
38 MfBrkTilCmnt MF: Cement, bricks & tiles
CMI 1990-91, by the FBS (1993).
The industry classification used in the FBS (1993) was significantly more disaggregated than the one used in the PAKREG 60-sector database 1990-91. As a result, the PSIC was used to group the relevant individual industries in the FBS (1993) under the 35 industry headings used in the 60-sector I-O database. This was a cumbersome task; please refer to Table A5.4f in Appendix 5.4 for a comparison of the industry classifications used in the PAKREG database and the FBS (1993).
N/A
373
Industry code Industry name Source of regional investment shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for industry investment (if
applicable) 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd MF: Other non-metallic mineral
products 40 MfBasMetlPrd MF: Basic metal products
41 MfOtrMtPrdJ MF: Other metal products including jewellery
42 MfOtrNelcMch MF: Other non-electrical machinery
43 MfElcEqp MF: Electrical equipment etc.
44 MfOtrTrspEqp MF: Other transport equipment
45 MfSrgInstrmt MF: Surgical instruments
46 MfOterHndCrf MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft
47 MfSprtGds MF: Sports goods
Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks Electricity and waterworks
49 GasSupply Gas supply
50 Construction Construction: Buildings & land improvement
51 TradeTransp Trade & transport (margin commodity)
52 SrvcUnspcifd Services not elsewhere specified
53 TrnsptWater Transport: Water
54 TrnsptAir Transport: Air
55 CommSrvc Communication services
56 BnkngInsure Banking and insurance
57 PubAdmnAdefc Public administration & defence
58 Education Education
59 HealthCare Health care
60 OtrSoACuSrvc Other social and cultural services
N/A
N/A
The regional investment shares are based upon the corresponding regional output shares.
Note: ‘N/A’ refers to ‘not applicable’.
374
Table A5.8b: Regional Industry Investment Shares No. Industry Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Industries Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 0.504079 0.368298 0.035910 0.091712 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.690223 0.174023 0.079312 0.056442 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.880668 0.119199 0.000072 0.000060 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.510946 0.371938 0.116322 0.000793 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.222417 0.003961 0.713945 0.059677 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.652724 0.096104 0.100974 0.150198 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.669930 0.166405 0.117066 0.046599 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.685101 0.210196 0.053342 0.051361 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.547816 0.231100 0.140881 0.080203 1.000000 10 10 Forestry 0.135447 0.167147 0.383285 0.314121 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.581125 0.167400 0.179500 0.071975 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.227303 0.334196 0.095159 0.343343 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.215137 0.647937 0.109449 0.027476 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.768597 0.064721 0.166681 0.000000 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.544306 0.455694 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.261111 0.725969 0.012920 0.000000 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.883968 0.086702 0.013303 0.016026 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.771367 0.047862 0.039780 0.140991 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.427357 0.284905 0.287738 0.000000 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.600999 0.399001 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.703354 0.258275 0.026274 0.012097 1.000000 10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.626427 0.332240 0.028681 0.012652 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.691100 0.164641 0.074627 0.069632 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.472341 0.482870 0.031079 0.013710 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.436046 0.563954 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.745483 0.254517 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.214137 0.785863 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.504514 0.492071 0.000000 0.003415 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.981122 0.018878 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.684133 0.268862 0.047005 0.000000 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.858282 0.107284 0.005858 0.028577 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.356527 0.630109 0.013014 0.000349 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.244455 0.706079 0.048986 0.000480 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.498176 0.306856 0.151673 0.043295 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.221244 0.778756 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.193525 0.520225 0.036874 0.249376 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.682437 0.307711 0.003563 0.006289 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.141547 0.604634 0.106956 0.146863 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.430219 0.328304 0.118544 0.122933 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.130025 0.869669 0.000306 0.000000 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.591660 0.404317 0.004023 0.000000 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.476725 0.456944 0.000312 0.066019 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.204164 0.658671 0.062639 0.074527 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.023640 0.746015 0.040863 0.189482 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.988467 0.011533 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.484688 0.494587 0.020725 0.000000 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 Local Industries
4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.055056 0.344899 0.000000 0.600045 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.562224 0.267977 0.117984 0.051815 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.599482 0.346983 0.043045 0.010489 1.000000 10 56 BnkngInsure 0.485125 0.442377 0.054075 0.018423 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.619321 0.233994 0.122737 0.023947 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.492379 0.305237 0.153377 0.049008 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.908436 0.063305 0.028043 0.000216 1.000000
Note: See Table A5.8a for the data sources.
375
APPENDIX 5.9: REGIONAL COMMODITY CONSUMPTION SHARES
Table A5.9a: Construction of Regional Commodity Consumption Shares
Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional consumption shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for commodity
consumption (if applicable)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 CrpRicePad Crops: Rice (paddy)
2 CrpWheat Crops: Wheat
6 CrpOtr Crops: Other crops
7 CrpPulsAGram Crops: Pulses and grams
9 Livestock Livestock
11 Fishing Fishing
Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) 1990-91, by the FBS (1993b); and 1998 population census, taken from the MoF (1999).
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of commodity in region * regional population)/National consumption of commodity.
N/A
4 CrpSugCane Crops: Sugarcane
5 CrpTobacco Crops: Tobacco
8 CrpOilSeeds Crops: Oil seeds
The same as above. N/A Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of all food items in region * regional population)/National consumption of all food items.
3 CrpCotnPht Crops: Cotton (phutty)
10 Forestry Forestry
The same as above. N/A Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of all itemsin region * regional population)/National consumption of all items.
12 Mining Mining and quarrying Census of Mining Industries 1990-91, by the FBS (1993a).
N/A N/A
Manufacturing 13 MfVegOiletc MF: Vegetable oils etc.
15 MfBakeryPrd MF: Bakery products
16 MfSugar MF: Sugar
17 MfOtrFdPrd MF: Other food products
18 MfBeverages MF: Beverages
19 MfCigTobacco MF: Cigarettes and tobacco
21 MfCotnYarn MF: Cotton yarn
22 MfCotnCloth MF: Cotton cloth
24 MfMupTxtOtrG MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products
25 MfKnitwear MF: Knitwear
27 MfGarments MF: Ready-made Garments
29 MfFootwear MF: Footwear
32 MfPhrmcutics MF: Pharmaceutics
34 MfChACnsrPrd MF: Chemicals and consumer products
35 MfRefPetrol MF: Refined petroleum
44 MfOtrTrspEqp MF: Other transport equipment
45 MfSrgInstrmt MF: Surgical instruments
HIES 1990-91, by the FBS (1993b); and 1998 population census, taken from the MoF (1999).
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of commodity in region * regional population)/National consumption of commodity.
N/A
33 MfFrtlsrAPst MF: Fertilisers and pesticides Pakistan Statistical Year Book 1991, by the FBS (1992).
N/A
N/A
14 MfMilling MF: Milling HIES 1990-91, by the FBS (1993b); and 1998 population census, taken from the MoF (1999).
N/A
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of all food items in region * regional population)/National consumption of all food items.
20 MfGindCotnLn MF: Ginned cotton (lint) The same as above. N/A Regional consumption
376
Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional consumption shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for commodity
consumption (if applicable)
23 MfArtSilk MF: Art silk
26 MfCarpets MF: Carpets
28 MfLthrAPrd MF: Leather and leather products
46 MfOterHndCrf MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft
shares = (per capita consumption of Apparel, footwear, etc. in region * regional population)/National consumption of Apparel, footwear, etc.
30 MfWdAWdPrdAF MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture
31 MfPprAPprPrd MF: Paper and paper products
36 MfRbrAPlsPrd MF: Rubber and plastic products
37 MfOtrCh MF: Other chemicals
38 MfBrkTilCmnt MF: Cement, bricks & tiles
39 MfOtrNmtMPrd MF: Other non-metallic mineral products
40 MfBasMetlPrd MF: Basic metal products
41 MfOtrMtPrdJ MF: Other metal products including jewellery
42 MfOtrNelcMch MF: Other non-electrical machinery
43 MfElcEqp MF: Electrical equipment etc.
47 MfSprtGds MF: Sports goods
The same as above.
N/A
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of all itemsin region * regional population)/National consumption of all items.
Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks Electricity and waterworks
49 GasSupply Gas supply
Pakistan Energy Year Book 1991, by Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan (1992).
N/A
N/A
51 TradeTransp Trade & transport (margin commodity)
58 Education Education
59 HealthCare Health care
HIES 1990-91, by the FBS (1993b); and 1998 population census, taken from the MoF (1999).
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of commodity in region * regional population)/National consumption of commodity.
N/A
50 Construction Construction: Buildings & land improvement
52 SrvcUnspcifd Services not elsewhere specified
53 TrnsptWater Transport: Water
54 TrnsptAir Transport: Air
55 CommSrvc Communication services
56 BnkngInsure Banking and insurance
57 PubAdmnAdefc Public administration & defence
60 OtrSoACuSrvc Other social and cultural services
The same as above. N/A
Regional consumption shares = (per capita consumption of all items* regional population)/National consumption of all items.
Note: ‘N/A’ refers to ‘not applicable’.
Table A5.9b: Regional Consumption Shares of Four Commodities with Readily Available Data No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total 1 12 Mining* 0.532625 0.347883 0.079456 0.040037 1.000000 2 33 MfFrtlsrAPst** 0.703283 0.218952 0.065425 0.012340 1.000000 3 48 ElcAWtrwrks*** 0.596727 0.224429 0.142012 0.036831 1.000000 4 49 GasSupply*** 0.462669 0.472105 0.034470 0.030757 1.000000
*Source: FBS (1993a). **Source: FBS (1992). ***Source: Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan (1992).
377
Table A5.9c: Per Capita Monthly Consumption of 26 Commodities in each Region in 1990-91 (Rupees)—Available in HIES 1990-91
Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total 1 CrpRicePad 12.84 28.58 11.91 16.04 69.37 2 CrpWheat 65.38 74.46 92.57 142.81 375.22 6 CrpOtr 70.50 58.86 63.12 81.10 273.58 7 CrpPulsAGram 12.35 10.43 10.84 12.70 46.32 9 Livestock 147.52 146.74 120.90 149.12 564.28
11 Fishing 0.94 13.24 1.07 0.00 15.25 13 MfVegOiletc 48.51 45.93 46.40 48.51 189.35 15 MfBakeryPrd 6.77 13.53 8.41 6.39 35.10 16 MfSugar 32.52 31.04 44.94 38.06 146.56 17 MfOtrFdPrd 6.02 3.06 1.68 1.01 11.77 18 MfBeverages 13.08 24.29 22.37 24.16 83.90 19 MfCigTobacco 15.88 20.14 8.61 18.60 63.23 21 MfCotnYarn 11.10 11.22 10.27 10.72 43.31 22 MfCotnCloth 42.99 37.17 34.60 35.72 150.48 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 11.20 11.24 10.51 10.40 43.35 25 MfKnitwear 11.30 11.35 10.10 10.55 43.30 27 MfGarments 70.73 66.01 64.15 64.25 265.14 29 MfFootwear 15.12 12.91 14.14 13.65 55.82 32 MfPhrmcutics 16.91 15.68 19.21 14.51 66.31 34 MfChACnsrPrd 29.94 36.85 22.13 30.00 118.92 35 MfRefPetrol 68.60 51.88 69.98 68.57 259.03 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 22.54 44.52 19.47 40.82 127.35 45 MfSrgInstrmt 44.23 38.14 29.81 23.04 135.22 51 TradeTransp 3.09 1.98 2.28 1.53 8.88 58 Education 33.01 44.10 22.55 18.79 118.45 59 HealthCare 74.23 72.14 63.81 39.04 249.22
Source: HIES 1990-91 by the FBS (1993b).
Table A5.9d: Regional Population ‘000’ Region Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Population 73621 30440 17744 6566 128371 Source: 1998 population census, taken from the MoF (1999).
Table A5.9e: Per Capita Regional Monthly Consumption in Aggregated Form—Available in HIES 1990-91 (Rupees) Description Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
All food items 442.37 510.97 452.01 550.28 1,955.63 Apparel, footwear, etc. 79.69 72.58 70.71 71.16 294.14 All items 925.28 1,063.60 829.64 992.11 3,810.63 Source: HIES 1990-91 by the FBS (1993b).
378
Table A5.9f: Regional Commodity Consumption Shares No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 0.443400 0.408072 0.099127 0.049401 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.498267 0.234630 0.170035 0.097068 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.545019 0.260294 0.134222 0.060466 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.545019 0.260294 0.134222 0.060466 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.601111 0.207505 0.129713 0.061672 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.605161 0.211315 0.128022 0.055502 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.545019 0.260294 0.134222 0.060466 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.588594 0.242079 0.116263 0.053064 1.000000
10 10 Forestry 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.140883 0.820466 0.038651 0.000000 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.532625 0.347883 0.079456 0.040037 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.584385 0.228774 0.134721 0.052119 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.545019 0.260294 0.134222 0.060466 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.452507 0.373919 0.135482 0.038092 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.545822 0.215410 0.181796 0.056973 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.773759 0.162620 0.052044 0.011578 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.426483 0.327464 0.175796 0.070257 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.568334 0.298027 0.074269 0.059370 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.598775 0.225486 0.128053 0.047686 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.579016 0.241993 0.129118 0.049873 1.000000
10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.615166 0.219918 0.119330 0.045586 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.598775 0.225486 0.128053 0.047686 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.580069 0.240697 0.131194 0.048039 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.583434 0.242299 0.125685 0.048581 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.598775 0.225486 0.128053 0.047686 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.593300 0.228941 0.129693 0.048067 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.598775 0.225486 0.128053 0.047686 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.602792 0.212807 0.135867 0.048534 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.576794 0.221139 0.157926 0.044141 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.703283 0.218952 0.065425 0.012340 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.562934 0.286474 0.100285 0.050307 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.606904 0.189775 0.149217 0.054104 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.457378 0.373525 0.095222 0.073874 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.638799 0.227757 0.103767 0.029678 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.598775 0.225486 0.128053 0.047686 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.596727 0.224429 0.142012 0.036831 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.462669 0.472105 0.034470 0.030757 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.672522 0.178179 0.119600 0.029699 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000
10 56 BnkngInsure 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.565678 0.312468 0.093137 0.028718 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.603894 0.242661 0.125118 0.028326 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.559593 0.265963 0.120931 0.053513 1.000000
Note: See Table A5.9a for the data sources.
379
APPENDIX 5.10: REGIONAL COMMODITY EXPORT SHARES
Table A5.10a: Regional Commodity Export Shares No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 0.450531 0.408459 0.035910 0.105099 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.726766 0.149661 0.073221 0.050351 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.909795 0.090073 0.000077 0.000055 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.526678 0.356206 0.116356 0.000759 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.222441 0.003937 0.735236 0.038386 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.682455 0.081239 0.089825 0.146482 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.683187 0.159777 0.112094 0.044942 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.647906 0.228794 0.067290 0.056010 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.567551 0.231634 0.140347 0.060468 1.000000
10 10 Forestry 0.135447 0.167147 0.383285 0.314121 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.581125 0.167400 0.179500 0.071975 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.250437 0.368524 0.089413 0.291627 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.628500 0.308813 0.044567 0.018120 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.476067 0.299079 0.223829 0.001025 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.275515 0.724485 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.443037 0.507046 0.049917 0.000000 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.384525 0.593973 0.004063 0.017440 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.624352 0.205161 0.081366 0.089121 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.543083 0.362055 0.094862 0.000000 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.843875 0.156125 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.627421 0.311847 0.045769 0.014964 1.000000
10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.347417 0.611995 0.023624 0.016965 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.539095 0.299518 0.033352 0.128035 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.516274 0.469534 0.008260 0.005932 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.244004 0.755996 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.475959 0.524041 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.125549 0.874451 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.402839 0.582717 0.004367 0.010077 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.859239 0.136540 0.004221 0.000000 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.270095 0.349651 0.250342 0.129912 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.422267 0.436744 0.042042 0.098948 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.230525 0.732371 0.006067 0.031037 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.545073 0.410701 0.027202 0.017025 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.255593 0.638020 0.091002 0.015385 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.166156 0.833844 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.283381 0.571815 0.044268 0.100536 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.384431 0.582605 0.022619 0.010344 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.353434 0.396172 0.198916 0.051477 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.385480 0.389325 0.120226 0.104969 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.287274 0.705619 0.007107 0.000000 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.328955 0.615461 0.055584 0.000000 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.801100 0.155595 0.004136 0.039169 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.345440 0.562445 0.033171 0.058944 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.068069 0.815507 0.014019 0.102405 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.955831 0.044169 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.377821 0.610099 0.012080 0.000000 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.055056 0.344899 0.000000 0.600045 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.562224 0.267977 0.117984 0.051815 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.599482 0.346983 0.043045 0.010489 1.000000
10 56 BnkngInsure 0.485125 0.442377 0.054075 0.018423 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.619321 0.233994 0.122737 0.023947 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.492379 0.305237 0.153377 0.049008 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.908436 0.063305 0.028043 0.000216 1.000000
Note: It is assumed that each commodity’s regional shares in export follow the corresponding industry’s regional shares in output (see Table A5.7e.
380
APPENDIX 5.11: REGIONAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE SHARES
Table A5.11a: Construction of Regional Government Shares Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional
inventory shares Special method used (if
applicable) Proxy used for inventory (if applicable)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 9 Livestock Livestock 1986 Census of
Livestock, by the Agricultural Census Organisation (1988).
The quantities of different types of animals were converted into a common currency value with the help of price indices in the FBS (1992). See Table A5.11b.
N/A
1 CrpRicePad Crops: Rice (paddy)
2 CrpWheat Crops: Wheat
3 CrpCotnPht Crops: Cotton (phutty)
4 CrpSugCane Crops: Sugarcane
5 CrpTobacco Crops: Tobacco
6 CrpOtr Crops: Other crops
7 CrpPulsAGram Crops: Pulses and grams
8 CrpOilSeeds Crops: Oil seeds
12 Mining Mining and quarrying
10 Forestry Forestry
11 Fishing Fishing
Annual Report 1990-91 by the SBP (1991); and Economic Survey 1990-91 by the MoF (1991).
N/A i) The government development expenditure in each region (Table 5.8a) was allocated to the 59 commodities in that region on the basis of the national shares of the development expenditure in each commodity sector (from Table 5.8b) to create Table A5.11c. ii) The share of each region in the total non-development government expenditure (Table 5.8a) was used to distribute it to the 59 commodities in every region (Table A5.12d). iii) The tables with the allocation of the development and non-development expenditures (Tables A5.11c and A5.12d) and the results of Table A5.11b were used to construct the regional shares of all the 60 commodities in the government expenditure (Table A5.12f).
Manufacturing 13 MfVegOiletc MF: Vegetable oils etc.
14 MfMilling MF: Milling
15 MfBakeryPrd MF: Bakery products
16 MfSugar MF: Sugar
17 MfOtrFdPrd MF: Other food products
18 MfBeverages MF: Beverages
19 MfCigTobacco MF: Cigarettes and tobacco
20 MfGindCotnLn MF: Ginned cotton (lint)
21 MfCotnYarn MF: Cotton yarn
22 MfCotnCloth MF: Cotton cloth
23 MfArtSilk MF: Art silk
24 MfMupTxtOtrG MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products
25 MfKnitwear MF: Knitwear
26 MfCarpets MF: Carpets
27 MfGarments MF: Ready-made Garments
28 MfLthrAPrd MF: Leather and leather products
The same as above.
N/A The same as above.
381
Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional inventory shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for inventory (if applicable)
29 MfFootwear MF: Footwear
30 MfWdAWdPrdAF MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture
31 MfPprAPprPrd MF: Paper and paper products
32 MfPhrmcutics MF: Pharmaceutics
33 MfFrtlsrAPst MF: Fertilisers and pesticides
34 MfChACnsrPrd MF: Chemicals and consumer products
35 MfRefPetrol MF: Refined petroleum
36 MfRbrAPlsPrd MF: Rubber and plastic products
37 MfOtrCh MF: Other chemicals
38 MfBrkTilCmnt MF: Cement, bricks & tiles
39 MfOtrNmtMPrd MF: Other non-metallic mineral products
40 MfBasMetlPrd MF: Basic metal products
41 MfOtrMtPrdJ MF: Other metal products including jewellery
42 MfOtrNelcMch MF: Other non-electrical machinery
43 MfElcEqp MF: Electrical equipment etc.
44 MfOtrTrspEqp MF: Other transport equipment
45 MfSrgInstrmt MF: Surgical instruments
46 MfOterHndCrf MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft
47 MfSprtGds MF: Sports goods
Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks Electricity and waterworks
49 GasSupply Gas supply
50 Construction Construction: Buildings & land improvement
51 TradeTransp Trade & transport (margin commodity)
52 SrvcUnspcifd Services not elsewhere specified
53 TrnsptWater Transport: Water
54 TrnsptAir Transport: Air
55 CommSrvc Communication services
56 BnkngInsure Banking and insurance
57 PubAdmnAdefc Public administration & defence
58 Education Education
59 HealthCare Health care
60 OtrSoACuSrvc Other social and cultural services
The same as above.
N/A The same as above.
Note: ‘N/A’ refers to ‘not applicable’.
382
Table A5.11b: Government Expenditure Shares in Livestock (9 Livestock) Item Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total Part 1: Number of animals Cattle 3678 77 964 182 4901Buffaloes 2450 0 3 0 2453Goats 2792 120 4 102 3018Sheep 8755 0 430 73 9258Camels 8 15 0 0 23Horses 49 0 0 0 49Mules 1 0 3 0 4Donkeys 111 0 0 0 111
Part 2: Price indices
Cattle 10 10 10 10 40Buffaloes 10 10 10 10 40Goats 1 1 1 1 4Sheep 1 1 1 1 4Camels 20 20 20 20 80Horses 15 15 15 15 60Mules 12 12 12 12 48Donkeys 3 3 3 3 12 Part 3: Number of animals multiplied by price indices Cattle 36780 770 9640 1820 49010Buffaloes 24500 0 30 0 24530Goats 2792 120 4 102 3018Sheep 8755 0 430 73 9258Camels 160 300 0 0 460Horses 735 0 0 0 735Mules 12 0 36 0 48Donkeys 333 0 0 0 333Total Value 74067 1190 10140 1995 87392Shares in Output 0.847526 0.013617 0.116029 0.022828 1Source: Agricultural Census Organisation (1988). The price indices been constructed from the FBS (1992).
383
Table A5.11c: Allocation of Development Expenditure to 59 Commodities in Each Region (Rs million) No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 2 2 CrpWheat 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 3 3 CrpCotnPht 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 4 4 CrpSugCane 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 5 5 CrpTobacco 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 6 6 CrpOtr 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 9 10 Forestry 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62
10 11 Fishing 35.86 19.86 11.85 10.05 77.62 11 12 Mining 765.60 423.92 252.99 214.54 1,657.05
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 2 14 MfMilling 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 4 16 MfSugar 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 6 18 MfBeverages 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 7 19 MfCigTobacco 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 9 21 MfCotnYarn 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81
10 22 MfCotnCloth 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 11 23 MfArtSilk 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 13 25 MfKnitwear 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 14 26 MfCarpets 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 15 27 MfGarments 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 17 29 MfFootwear 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 23 35 MfRefPetrol 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 25 37 MfOtrCh 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 31 43 MfElcEqp 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81 35 47 MfSprtGds 6.84 3.79 2.26 1.92 14.81
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 460.02 254.72 152.01 128.91 995.66 2 54 TrnsptAir 460.02 254.72 152.01 128.91 995.66 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 209.02 115.74 69.07 58.57 452.41 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 3,421.15 1,894.32 1,130.52 958.69 7,404.67 5 49 GasSupply 209.02 115.74 69.07 58.57 452.41 6 50 Construction 690.03 382.07 228.02 193.36 1,493.49 7 51 TradeTransp 460.02 254.72 152.01 128.91 995.66 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 209.02 115.74 69.07 58.57 452.41 9 55 CommSrvc 460.02 254.72 152.01 128.91 995.66
10 56 BnkngInsure 209.02 115.74 69.07 58.57 452.41 11 58 Education 406.85 225.28 134.44 114.01 880.58 12 59 HealthCare 322.91 178.80 106.71 90.49 698.90 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 19.10 10.58 6.31 5.35 41.34
Total 8,900.00 4,928.00 2,941.00 2,494.00 19,263.00 Note: 9 Livestock has been excluded because its government expenditure shares have already been calculated in Table A5.11b. Source: Chapter 5—Tables 5.8a and 5.8b, and Figure 5.3.
384
Table A5.11d: Allocation of Non-Development Expenditure to 59 Commodities in Each Region (Rs million) No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 2 2 CrpWheat 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 3 3 CrpCotnPht 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 4 4 CrpSugCane 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 5 5 CrpTobacco 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 6 6 CrpOtr 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 9 10 Forestry 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
10 11 Fishing 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 11 12 Mining 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 2 14 MfMilling 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 4 16 MfSugar 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 6 18 MfBeverages 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 7 19 MfCigTobacco 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 9 21 MfCotnYarn 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
10 22 MfCotnCloth 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 11 23 MfArtSilk 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 13 25 MfKnitwear 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 14 26 MfCarpets 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 15 27 MfGarments 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 17 29 MfFootwear 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 23 35 MfRefPetrol 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 25 37 MfOtrCh 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 31 43 MfElcEqp 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 35 47 MfSprtGds 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 2 54 TrnsptAir 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 5 49 GasSupply 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 6 50 Construction 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 7 51 TradeTransp 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 9 55 CommSrvc 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
10 56 BnkngInsure 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 11 58 Education 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 12 59 HealthCare 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 989.02 629.27 256.48 185.52 2,060.29
Total 58,352.40 37,126.78 15,132.41 10,945.40 121,557.00 Note: 9 Livestock has been excluded because its government expenditure shares have already been calculated in Table A5.11b. Source: Table 5.8a in Chapter 5.
385
Table A5.11e: Allocation of Development plus Non-Development Expenditure to 59 Commodities in Each Region (Rs million) No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 2 2 CrpWheat 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 3 3 CrpCotnPht 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 4 4 CrpSugCane 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 5 5 CrpTobacco 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 6 6 CrpOtr 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91
10 10 Forestry 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 11 11 Fishing 1,024.89 649.13 268.33 195.57 2,137.91 12 12 Mining 1,754.62 1,053.19 509.47 400.06 3,717.34
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 2 14 MfMilling 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 4 16 MfSugar 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 6 18 MfBeverages 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 7 19 MfCigTobacco 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 9 21 MfCotnYarn 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10
10 22 MfCotnCloth 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 11 23 MfArtSilk 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 13 25 MfKnitwear 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 14 26 MfCarpets 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 15 27 MfGarments 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 17 29 MfFootwear 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 23 35 MfRefPetrol 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 25 37 MfOtrCh 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 31 43 MfElcEqp 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10 35 47 MfSprtGds 995.87 633.06 258.74 187.43 2,075.10
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 1449.04 883.98 408.49 314.42 3055.95 2 54 TrnsptAir 1449.04 883.98 408.49 314.42 3055.95 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 1198.05 745.01 325.55 244.09 2512.70 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 4410.17 2523.58 1387.00 1144.20 9464.95 5 49 GasSupply 1198.05 745.01 325.55 244.09 2512.70 6 50 Construction 1679.05 1011.34 484.50 378.88 3553.78 7 51 TradeTransp 1449.04 883.98 408.49 314.42 3055.95 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 1198.05 745.01 325.55 244.09 2512.70 9 55 CommSrvc 1449.04 883.98 408.49 314.42 3055.95
10 56 BnkngInsure 1198.05 745.01 325.55 244.09 2512.70 11 58 Education 1395.87 854.54 390.92 299.52 2940.87 12 59 HealthCare 1311.93 808.07 363.19 276.00 2759.19 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 1008.12 639.84 262.79 190.87 2101.63
Total 67,252.40 42,054.78 18,073.41 13,439.40 140,820.00 Source: Table A5.11e = Table A5.11c + Table A5.11d. Note: 9 Livestock has been excluded because its government expenditure shares have already been calculated in Table A5.11b.
386
Table A5.11f: Regional Government Expenditure Shares No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.847526 0.013617 0.116029 0.022828 1.000000
10 10 Forestry 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.479387 0.303626 0.125512 0.091475 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.472011 0.283317 0.137053 0.107619 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000
10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 0.479913 0.305073 0.124689 0.090325 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.474172 0.289267 0.133672 0.102889 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.474172 0.289267 0.133672 0.102889 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.476798 0.296497 0.129563 0.097142 1.000000 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.465947 0.266624 0.146540 0.120889 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.476798 0.296497 0.129563 0.097142 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.472470 0.284582 0.136334 0.106613 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.474172 0.289267 0.133672 0.102889 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.476798 0.296497 0.129563 0.097142 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.474172 0.289267 0.133672 0.102889 1.000000
10 56 BnkngInsure 0.476798 0.296497 0.129563 0.097142 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.474647 0.290575 0.132928 0.101849 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.475478 0.292863 0.131628 0.100030 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.479687 0.304451 0.125043 0.090819 1.000000
Source: Tables A5.11b and A5.11e.
387
APPENDIX 5.12: REGIONAL INVENTORY SHARES
Table A5.12a: Construction of Regional Commodity Inventory Shares
Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional inventory shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for inventory (if applicable)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 CrpRicePad Crops: Rice (paddy) N/A N/A
2 CrpWheat Crops: Wheat N/A N/A
3 CrpCotnPht Crops: Cotton (phutty) N/A N/A
4 CrpSugCane Crops: Sugarcane N/A N/A
5 CrpTobacco Crops: Tobacco N/A N/A
6 CrpOtr Crops: Other crops N/A
7 CrpPulsAGram Crops: Pulses and grams N/A
8 CrpOilSeeds Crops: Oil seeds
Pakistan 1990 Agricultural Census, by the Agricultural Census Organisation (1992).
Quantities of dissimilar inventories were converted into common values using price indices from the FBS (1992).
N/A
9 Livestock Livestock 1986 Census of Livestock, by the Agricultural Census Organisation (1988).
Quantities of different types of animals were converted into a common value with the help of price indices in the FBS (1992).
N/A
12 Mining Mining and quarrying Census of Mining Industries 1990-91 by the FBS (1993a).
N/A N/A
10 Forestry Forestry
11 Fishing Fishing
N/A
N/A
The regional investment shares are based upon the corresponding output shares.
Manufacturing 13 MfVegOiletc MF: Vegetable oils etc.
14 MfMilling MF: Milling
15 MfBakeryPrd MF: Bakery products
16 MfSugar MF: Sugar
17 MfOtrFdPrd MF: Other food products
18 MfBeverages MF: Beverages
19 MfCigTobacco MF: Cigarettes and tobacco
20 MfGindCotnLn MF: Ginned cotton (lint)
21 MfCotnYarn MF: Cotton yarn
22 MfCotnCloth MF: Cotton cloth
23 MfArtSilk MF: Art silk
24 MfMupTxtOtrG MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products
25 MfKnitwear MF: Knitwear
26 MfCarpets MF: Carpets
27 MfGarments MF: Ready-made Garments
28 MfLthrAPrd MF: Leather and leather products
29 MfFootwear MF: Footwear
30 MfWdAWdPrdAF MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture
31 MfPprAPprPrd MF: Paper and paper products
32 MfPhrmcutics MF: Pharmaceutics
33 MfFrtlsrAPst MF: Fertilisers and pesticides
34 MfChACnsrPrd MF: Chemicals and consumer products
35 MfRefPetrol MF: Refined petroleum
36 MfRbrAPlsPrd MF: Rubber and plastic products
37 MfOtrCh MF: Other chemicals
38 MfBrkTilCmnt MF: Cement, bricks & tiles
39 MfOtrNmtMPrd MF: Other non-metallic mineral products
CMI 1990-91, by the FBS (1993).
The commodity classification used in the FBS (1993) was significantly more disaggregated than the one used in the PAKREG 60-sector database 1990-91. As a result, the PSIC was used to group the relevant individual commodities in the FBS (1993) under the 35 commodity headings used in the 60-sector I-O database. This was a cumbersome task; please refer to Table A5.4f in Appendix 5.4 for a comparison of the commodity/industry classifications used in the PAKREG database and the FBS (1993).
N/A
388
Commodity code Commodity name Source of regional inventory shares
Special method used (if applicable)
Proxy used for inventory (if applicable)
40 MfBasMetlPrd MF: Basic metal products
41 MfOtrMtPrdJ MF: Other metal products including jewellery
42 MfOtrNelcMch MF: Other non-electrical machinery
43 MfElcEqp MF: Electrical equipment etc.
44 MfOtrTrspEqp MF: Other transport equipment
45 MfSrgInstrmt MF: Surgical instruments
46 MfOterHndCrf MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft
47 MfSprtGds MF: Sports goods
Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks Electricity and waterworks
49 GasSupply Gas supply
50 Construction Construction: Buildings & land improvement
51 TradeTransp Trade & transport (margin commodity)
52 SrvcUnspcifd Services not elsewhere specified
53 TrnsptWater Transport: Water
54 TrnsptAir Transport: Air
55 CommSrvc Communication services
56 BnkngInsure Banking and insurance
57 PubAdmnAdefc Public administration & defence
58 Education Education
59 HealthCare Health care
60 OtrSoACuSrvc Other social and cultural services
N/A
N/A
The regional inventory shares are based upon the corresponding regional output shares.
Note: ‘N/A’ refers to ‘not applicable’.
389
Table A5.12b: Regional Inventory Shares No. Commodities Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Total
National Commodities Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 0.348757 0.314214 0.154628 0.182401 1.000000 2 2 CrpWheat 0.315598 0.243287 0.280962 0.160153 1.000000 3 3 CrpCotnPht 0.309639 0.277508 0.130292 0.282562 1.000000 4 4 CrpSugCane 0.308609 0.294905 0.363752 0.032734 1.000000 5 5 CrpTobacco 0.129804 0.228703 0.450657 0.190836 1.000000 6 6 CrpOtr 0.513901 0.082145 0.071994 0.331960 1.000000 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 0.581384 0.102913 0.154075 0.161627 1.000000 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 0.264410 0.338330 0.082471 0.314789 1.000000 9 9 Livestock 0.367720 0.254761 0.096690 0.280829 1.000000
10 10 Forestry 0.135447 0.167147 0.383285 0.314121 1.000000 11 11 Fishing 0.581125 0.167400 0.179500 0.071975 1.000000 12 12 Mining 0.277997 0.293515 0.281965 0.146523 1.000000
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.538335 0.366075 0.042135 0.053455 1.000000 2 14 MfMilling 0.152453 0.375123 0.454283 0.018141 1.000000 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.280587 0.719413 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 4 16 MfSugar 0.488901 0.462786 0.048313 0.000000 1.000000 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.272660 0.681235 0.002968 0.043137 1.000000 6 18 MfBeverages 0.806303 0.076312 0.069606 0.047778 1.000000 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.696059 0.133655 0.170286 0.000000 1.000000 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.259397 0.740603 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.566523 0.370209 0.054745 0.008524 1.000000
10 22 MfCotnCloth 0.306376 0.628463 0.043226 0.021935 1.000000 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.490012 0.294801 0.107593 0.107593 1.000000 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.508999 0.469429 0.014311 0.007262 1.000000 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.246369 0.753631 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 14 26 MfCarpets 0.254784 0.745216 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 15 27 MfGarments 0.119453 0.880547 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.474229 0.496268 0.013750 0.015753 1.000000 17 29 MfFootwear 0.943988 0.045956 0.010056 0.000000 1.000000 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.323658 0.322157 0.236612 0.117573 1.000000 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.405044 0.380131 0.124645 0.090181 1.000000 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.223675 0.732636 0.004485 0.039204 1.000000 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.546841 0.394497 0.032147 0.026515 1.000000 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 0.231872 0.674276 0.090399 0.003452 1.000000 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.116323 0.883677 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.368686 0.523970 0.035259 0.072086 1.000000 25 37 MfOtrCh 0.360007 0.616273 0.020617 0.003102 1.000000 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 0.316249 0.522129 0.105725 0.055896 1.000000 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 0.360452 0.466408 0.097393 0.075747 1.000000 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 0.092615 0.904829 0.002556 0.000000 1.000000 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 0.293527 0.690074 0.016398 0.000000 1.000000 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.757715 0.198187 0.000342 0.043756 1.000000 31 43 MfElcEqp 0.359468 0.522047 0.086044 0.032442 1.000000 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 0.097049 0.792570 0.026018 0.084363 1.000000 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.937755 0.062245 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.318209 0.659291 0.022500 0.000000 1.000000 35 47 MfSprtGds 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Services 1 53 TrnsptWater 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 2 54 TrnsptAir 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 3 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 Local Commodities 4 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 5 49 GasSupply 0.055056 0.344899 0.000000 0.600045 1.000000 6 50 Construction 0.562224 0.267977 0.117984 0.051815 1.000000 7 51 TradeTransp 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 8 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.572369 0.262784 0.110012 0.054836 1.000000 9 55 CommSrvc 0.599482 0.346983 0.043045 0.010489 1.000000
10 56 BnkngInsure 0.485125 0.442377 0.054075 0.018423 1.000000 11 58 Education 0.619321 0.233994 0.122737 0.023947 1.000000 12 59 HealthCare 0.492379 0.305237 0.153377 0.049008 1.000000 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 0.908436 0.063305 0.028043 0.000216 1.000000
Source: See Table A5.12a for the data sources.
390
APPENDIX 6.1: DATA UNDERLYING TABLES AND CHARTS IN CHAPTER 6
Table A6.1a: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Imports in Short-Run
No. Commodity code Commodity
Tariff shock (%) = Change in basic price
of imports (%)
Expansion effect (%)
Substitution effect (%)
Change in
imports (%)
(t0imp) = (p0imp) (LocalMarket) (DomShare) (x0imp)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 1) Crops: Rice (paddy) 0.00 0.01 -0.87 -0.86 2 2 CrpWheat 2) Crops: Wheat 0.00 -0.21 -4.82 -5.03 3 CrpCotnPht 3) Crops: Cotton (phutty) 4 CrpSugCane 4) Crops: Sugarcane 3 5 CrpTobacco 5) Crops: Tobacco -25.00 -1.37 42.31 40.94 4 6 CrpOtr 6) Crops: Other crops -17.00 0.10 17.45 17.55 5 7 CrpPulsAGram 7) Crops: Pulses and grams 0.00 -0.34 -8.23 -8.57 6 8 CrpOilSeeds 8) Crops: Oil seeds -16.10 -0.33 16.25 15.92 7 9 Livestock 9) Livestock -3.66 -0.15 -4.00 -4.14 8 10 Forestry 10) Forestry -37.57 1.27 52.02 53.29 9 11 Fishing 11) Fishing -40.00 -0.37 110.05 109.68
10 12 Mining 12) Mining and quarrying -2.75 -1.28 -1.05 -2.33 Manufacturing
1 13 MfVegOiletc 13) MF: Vegetable oils etc. -21.23 0.19 9.34 9.53 2 14 MfMilling 14) MF: Milling 0.00 -0.52 -24.87 -25.39 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 15) MF: Bakery products 0.00 -0.26 -5.35 -5.60 4 16 MfSugar 16) MF: Sugar -17.95 -0.13 18.20 18.07 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 17) MF: Other food products -19.97 0.49 9.57 10.07 18 MfBeverages 18) MF: Beverages
6 19 MfCigTobacco 19) MF: Cigarettes and tobacco -66.67 0.38 217.36 217.74 7 20 MfGindCotnLn 20) MF: Ginned cotton (lint) -41.54 1.52 113.99 115.51 8 21 MfCotnYarn 21) MF: Cotton yarn -32.63 1.63 55.18 56.82 9 22 MfCotnCloth 22) MF: Cotton cloth -43.44 1.29 109.08 110.37
10 23 MfArtSilk 23) MF: Art silk 0.00 0.75 0.05 0.80
11 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 24) MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products -41.37 0.58 60.96 61.54
12 25 MfKnitwear 25) MF: Knitwear -40.00 0.32 49.41 49.73 13 26 MfCarpets 26) MF: Carpets 0.00 0.21 -1.72 -1.51 14 27 MfGarments 27) MF: Ready-made Garments -41.44 0.49 71.43 71.91 15 28 MfLthrAPrd 28) MF: Leather and leather products -20.95 0.23 10.22 10.46 16 29 MfFootwear 29) MF: Footwear 0.00 -0.41 -4.57 -4.97
17 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 30) MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture -40.81 0.12 56.86 56.97
18 31 MfPprAPprPrd 31) MF: Paper and paper products -25.18 0.01 16.79 16.80 19 32 MfPhrmcutics 32) MF: Pharmaceutics -8.86 0.59 -0.29 0.30 20 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 33) MF: Fertilisers and pesticides -1.82 0.66 -1.43 -0.77 21 34 MfChACnsrPrd 34) MF: Chemicals and consumer products -42.14 1.70 60.42 62.12 22 35 MfRefPetrol 35) MF: Refined petroleum -11.03 0.38 0.99 1.37 23 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 36) MF: Rubber and plastic products -32.74 -0.28 19.85 19.57 24 37 MfOtrCh 37) MF: Other chemicals -25.11 -0.03 2.55 2.52 25 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 38) MF: Cement, bricks & tiles -26.53 -2.00 29.54 27.54 26 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 39) MF: Other non-metallic mineral products -33.99 -0.47 22.98 22.51 27 40 MfBasMetlPrd 40) MF: Basic metal products -28.11 -1.78 4.80 3.02
28 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 41) MF: Other metal products including jewellery -36.75 -0.07 27.41 27.34
29 42 MfOtrNelcMch 42) MF: Other non-electrical machinery -20.62 0.92 0.76 1.68 30 43 MfElcEqp 43) MF: Electrical equipment etc. -29.61 2.27 5.26 7.53 31 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 44) MF: Other transport equipment -21.75 1.19 3.57 4.76 32 45 MfSrgInstrmt 45) MF: Surgical instruments 0.00 0.00 4.72 4.72
33 46 MfOterHndCrf 46) MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft -25.65 0.77 25.04 25.82
34 47 MfSprtGds 47) MF: Sports goods 0.00 0.06 -2.08 -2.03 Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks 48) Electricity and waterworks 49 GasSupply 49) Gas supply
50 Construction 50) Construction: Buildings & land improvement
1 51 TradeTransp 51) Trade & transport (margin commodity) 0.00 0.40 0.80 1.19 2 52 SrvcUnspcifd 52) Services not elsewhere specified -0.02 -0.29 -3.71 -4.00 53 TrnsptWater 53) Transport: Water 54 TrnsptAir 54) Transport: Air 55 CommSrvc 55) Communication services 56 BnkngInsure 56) Banking and insurance 57 PubAdmnAdefc 57) Public administration & defence 58 Education 58) Education 3 59 HealthCare 59) Health care 0.00 -0.15 -4.38 -4.53 4 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 60) Other social and cultural services 0.00 -0.27 -10.17 -10.44
391
Table A6.1b: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Imports in Long-Run
No. Commodity code Commodity
Tariff shock (%) = Change
in basic price of imports (%)
Expansion effect (%)
Substitution effect (%)
Change in imports
(%)
(t0imp) = (p0imp) (LocalMarket) (DomShare) (x0imp)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 1) Crops: Rice (paddy) 0.00 7.91 -6.57 1.34 2 2 CrpWheat 2) Crops: Wheat 0.00 8.12 8.07 16.19 3 CrpCotnPht 3) Crops: Cotton (phutty) 4 CrpSugCane 4) Crops: Sugarcane 3 5 CrpTobacco 5) Crops: Tobacco -25.00 4.47 73.28 77.75 4 6 CrpOtr 6) Crops: Other crops -17.00 6.70 36.92 43.62 5 7 CrpPulsAGram 7) Crops: Pulses and grams 0.00 6.88 -0.57 6.31 6 8 CrpOilSeeds 8) Crops: Oil seeds -16.10 4.71 44.96 49.67 7 9 Livestock 9) Livestock -3.66 7.43 6.84 14.28 8 10 Forestry 10) Forestry -37.57 6.20 115.44 121.64 9 11 Fishing 11) Fishing -40.00 7.86 117.91 125.77
10 12 Mining 12) Mining and quarrying -2.75 8.59 3.88 12.47 Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 13) MF: Vegetable oils etc. -21.23 7.43 14.81 22.23 2 14 MfMilling 14) MF: Milling 0.00 6.47 0.08 6.55 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 15) MF: Bakery products 0.00 6.98 -1.11 5.87 4 16 MfSugar 16) MF: Sugar -17.95 6.19 34.82 41.01 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 17) MF: Other food products -19.97 7.09 21.14 28.23 18 MfBeverages 18) MF: Beverages 6 19 MfCigTobacco 19) MF: Cigarettes and tobacco -66.67 7.57 268.24 275.81 7 20 MfGindCotnLn 20) MF: Ginned cotton (lint) -41.54 1.85 114.88 116.73 8 21 MfCotnYarn 21) MF: Cotton yarn -32.63 2.32 115.57 117.89 9 22 MfCotnCloth 22) MF: Cotton cloth -43.44 2.61 113.63 116.25
10 23 MfArtSilk 23) MF: Art silk 0.00 7.10 -3.85 3.25
11 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 24) MF: Made up textile goods & other textile products -41.37 3.27 76.82 80.09
12 25 MfKnitwear 25) MF: Knitwear -40.00 -0.63 70.02 69.39 13 26 MfCarpets 26) MF: Carpets 0.00 7.22 -5.27 1.95 14 27 MfGarments 27) MF: Ready-made Garments -41.44 2.60 88.16 90.75 15 28 MfLthrAPrd 28) MF: Leather and leather products -20.95 2.49 33.65 36.14 16 29 MfFootwear 29) MF: Footwear 0.00 6.91 -5.23 1.67
17 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 30) MF: Wood, wooden products and furniture -40.81 10.30 83.51 93.81
18 31 MfPprAPprPrd 31) MF: Paper and paper products -25.18 7.02 28.14 35.17 19 32 MfPhrmcutics 32) MF: Pharmaceutics -8.86 9.65 1.57 11.22 20 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 33) MF: Fertilisers and pesticides -1.82 5.41 0.08 5.49 21 34 MfChACnsrPrd 34) MF: Chemicals and consumer products -42.14 11.05 79.63 90.68 22 35 MfRefPetrol 35) MF: Refined petroleum -11.03 10.94 0.23 11.17 23 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 36) MF: Rubber and plastic products -32.74 6.21 36.73 42.93 24 37 MfOtrCh 37) MF: Other chemicals -25.11 7.58 5.13 12.71 25 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 38) MF: Cement, bricks & tiles -26.53 10.28 60.71 70.98
26 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 39) MF: Other non-metallic mineral products -33.99 8.01 57.53 65.54
27 40 MfBasMetlPrd 40) MF: Basic metal products -28.11 7.02 10.44 17.46
28 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 41) MF: Other metal products including jewellery -36.75 8.25 60.47 68.72
29 42 MfOtrNelcMch 42) MF: Other non-electrical machinery -20.62 9.54 1.89 11.43 30 43 MfElcEqp 43) MF: Electrical equipment etc. -29.61 12.34 8.79 21.13 31 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 44) MF: Other transport equipment -21.75 10.68 6.48 17.16 32 45 MfSrgInstrmt 45) MF: Surgical instruments 0.00 0.02 30.58 30.59
33 46 MfOterHndCrf 46) MF: Other manufacturing products & handicraft -25.65 9.69 35.55 45.24
34 47 MfSprtGds 47) MF: Sports goods 0.00 0.88 9.62 10.50 Services 48 ElcAWtrwrks 48) Electricity and waterworks 49 GasSupply 49) Gas supply
50 Construction 50) Construction: Buildings & land improvement
1 51 TradeTransp 51) Trade & transport (margin commodity) 0.00 8.89 -17.13 -8.24 2 52 SrvcUnspcifd 52) Services not elsewhere specified -0.02 6.89 -14.42 -7.53 53 TrnsptWater 53) Transport: Water 54 TrnsptAir 54) Transport: Air 55 CommSrvc 55) Communication services 56 BnkngInsure 56) Banking and insurance 57 PubAdmnAdefc 57) Public administration & defence 58 Education 58) Education 3 59 HealthCare 59) Health care 0.00 6.95 5.67 12.61 4 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 60) Other social and cultural services 0.00 13.65 4.64 18.29
392
Table A6.1c: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Short-Run Variable Costs of Domestic Industries No. Industry code Materials cost index
(%) Labour cost index (%) Index of short-run variable costs (%)
Share of labour in total costs
(p1mat) (p1lab_o) (p1var) Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad -3.18 -2.16 -5.34 24.89 2 2 CrpWheat -2.72 -1.91 -4.63 24.49 3 3 CrpCotnPht -3.11 -2.00 -5.11 21.72 4 4 CrpSugCane -3.41 -2.29 -5.70 28.09 5 5 CrpTobacco -2.93 -2.80 -5.73 27.06 6 6 CrpOtr -2.97 -2.39 -5.36 16.30 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.59 -3.56 -4.15 18.81 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -1.63 -3.33 -4.97 20.13 9 9 Livestock -4.70 -0.60 -5.31 4.40
10 10 Forestry -2.90 -3.78 -6.68 10.95 11 11 Fishing -2.37 -1.38 -3.75 12.05 12 12 Mining -5.63 -1.90 -7.53 20.43
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -8.50 -0.22 -8.72 3.97 2 14 MfMilling -3.01 -0.13 -3.14 1.86 3 15 MfBakeryPrd -4.59 -0.50 -5.09 7.55 4 16 MfSugar -5.06 -0.54 -5.61 7.81 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -8.36 -0.25 -8.61 3.50 6 18 MfBeverages -6.68 -0.63 -7.32 10.03 7 19 MfCigTobacco -6.18 -0.39 -6.57 3.96 8 20 MfGindCotnLn -1.08 -0.09 -1.17 1.55 9 21 MfCotnYarn -2.66 -0.70 -3.36 10.77
10 22 MfCotnCloth -2.97 -0.77 -3.73 12.78 11 23 MfArtSilk -5.17 -0.61 -5.78 10.01 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG -3.08 -0.81 -3.89 11.96 13 25 MfKnitwear -1.45 -0.86 -2.31 14.77 14 26 MfCarpets -6.35 -0.31 -6.66 4.61 15 27 MfGarments -3.00 -0.55 -3.55 9.85 16 28 MfLthrAPrd -6.45 -0.18 -6.62 3.16 17 29 MfFootwear -3.75 -0.29 -4.04 5.20 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -8.33 -0.99 -9.31 10.28 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -5.52 -0.88 -6.41 13.35 20 32 MfPhrmcutics -11.17 -0.69 -11.86 11.30 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst -10.12 -0.66 -10.78 9.16 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -11.79 -0.45 -12.23 7.83 23 35 MfRefPetrol -5.04 -0.04 -5.08 0.66 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -12.21 -0.56 -12.77 8.27 25 37 MfOtrCh -7.55 -0.23 -7.78 4.05 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -4.12 -1.09 -5.22 13.77 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -6.27 -0.92 -7.20 11.83 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -10.05 -1.07 -11.12 16.49 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -10.05 -1.01 -11.06 14.29 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -12.87 -0.67 -13.54 10.83 31 43 MfElcEqp -12.11 -0.68 -12.79 10.13 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -12.49 -0.54 -13.03 8.96 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt -9.61 -0.57 -10.19 9.57 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -8.52 -0.48 -9.00 7.83 35 47 MfSprtGds -3.52 -0.35 -3.87 5.97
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks -4.80 -0.21 -5.01 1.51 2 49 GasSupply -7.33 -0.89 -8.22 13.48 3 50 Construction -9.15 -1.22 -10.38 18.13 4 51 TradeTransp -6.62 -1.03 -7.65 6.70 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd -5.45 -0.79 -6.24 5.35 6 53 TrnsptWater -1.54 -2.58 -4.12 21.23 7 54 TrnsptAir -4.33 -2.02 -6.36 26.59 8 55 CommSrvc -4.89 -2.79 -7.67 17.72 9 56 BnkngInsure -2.30 -1.63 -3.93 38.90
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc -5.90 -2.33 -8.23 44.40 11 58 Education -0.39 -4.67 -5.06 73.62 12 59 HealthCare -2.73 -2.66 -5.39 33.48 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -4.05 -1.75 -5.80 22.93
Total change in the short-run variable cost index -335.32 -72.39 -407.72 n/a
393
Table A6.1d: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Index of Production Costs in Long-Run No. Industry code
Materials input cost
(%)
Cost of subsidies
(%)
Capital rentals (%)
Rental price of land (%) Wages (%) Total costs
(%)
Ratio of labour to
capital
(p1) (p1oct) (p1cap) (p1lnd) (p1lab) (p1cst) = (p1tot)
V1LAB_O(i) / V1CAP(i)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad -1.70 0.00 -4.46 3.72 7.68 5.25 0.95 2 2 CrpWheat -1.55 0.00 -3.64 2.85 7.56 5.23 1.13 3 3 CrpCotnPht -1.41 0.00 -4.88 1.36 6.70 1.78 0.76 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.54 0.00 -4.03 3.43 8.67 7.52 1.19 5 5 CrpTobacco -0.75 0.00 -5.77 2.34 8.35 4.19 0.83 6 6 CrpOtr -0.77 0.00 -6.75 2.95 5.03 0.46 0.38 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.60 0.00 -8.46 3.80 5.81 0.54 0.39 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -0.44 0.00 -7.78 4.77 6.21 2.76 0.44 9 9 Livestock -0.37 0.00 -3.93 3.61 1.36 0.66 0.11 10 10 Forestry -0.33 0.00 -1.81 4.66 3.38 5.89 0.19 11 11 Fishing -2.21 0.00 -7.79 0.00 3.72 -6.28 0.22 12 12 Mining -3.25 0.00 -1.46 5.40 6.31 7.00 0.71
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -3.54 0.00 -0.36 0.00 1.23 -2.67 0.57 2 14 MfMilling 0.84 0.00 -1.36 0.00 0.57 0.05 0.07 3 15 MfBakeryPrd -1.20 0.01 -1.04 0.00 2.33 0.09 0.36 4 16 MfSugar 1.69 0.00 -1.23 0.00 2.41 2.87 0.32 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -3.11 0.00 -1.42 0.00 1.08 -3.44 0.13 6 18 MfBeverages -4.30 0.01 -0.85 0.00 3.10 -2.05 0.59 7 19 MfCigTobacco -2.35 0.00 -1.75 0.00 1.22 -2.88 0.08 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 0.67 0.00 -0.27 0.00 0.48 0.88 0.30 9 21 MfCotnYarn -1.10 0.04 -1.04 0.00 3.32 1.23 0.54 10 22 MfCotnCloth -2.17 0.10 -0.76 0.00 3.94 1.10 0.87 11 23 MfArtSilk -4.79 0.00 -0.70 0.00 3.09 -2.41 0.74 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG -1.07 0.15 -1.34 0.00 3.69 1.43 0.46 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.67 0.52 -1.22 0.00 4.56 4.53 0.63 14 26 MfCarpets -3.45 0.01 -1.15 0.00 1.42 -3.17 0.20 15 27 MfGarments -1.45 0.26 -0.62 0.00 3.04 1.22 0.83 16 28 MfLthrAPrd -3.23 0.31 -0.69 0.00 0.97 -2.64 0.23 17 29 MfFootwear -5.22 0.00 -0.36 0.00 1.60 -3.97 0.76 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -1.05 0.00 -2.27 0.00 3.17 -0.15 0.23 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -2.64 0.00 -1.03 0.00 4.12 0.45 0.65 20 32 MfPhrmcutics -8.83 0.01 -0.66 0.00 3.49 -5.98 0.80 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst -4.22 0.12 -1.38 0.00 2.83 -2.66 0.31 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -9.38 0.00 -0.38 0.00 2.41 -7.35 1.03 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.27 0.00 -0.27 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.11 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -5.95 0.00 -1.12 0.00 2.55 -4.52 0.37 25 37 MfOtrCh -1.72 0.00 -0.38 0.00 1.25 -0.85 0.49 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -0.13 0.02 -1.73 0.00 4.25 2.41 0.40 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -0.79 0.03 -1.54 0.00 3.65 1.35 0.36 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -3.07 0.01 -0.96 0.00 5.09 1.07 0.86 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -4.00 0.00 -1.19 0.00 4.41 -0.78 0.56 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -9.80 0.00 -0.72 0.00 3.34 -7.17 0.76 31 43 MfElcEqp -7.50 0.00 -1.07 0.00 3.12 -5.45 0.47 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -8.10 0.00 -0.68 0.00 2.77 -6.01 0.69 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt -4.22 0.28 -0.98 0.00 2.95 -1.96 0.49 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -5.05 0.00 -2.29 0.00 2.42 -4.93 0.53 35 47 MfSprtGds -0.20 0.31 -0.95 0.00 1.84 1.01 0.33
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks -1.07 0.07 -9.11 0.00 0.47 -9.65 0.02 2 49 GasSupply 1.74 0.00 -1.03 0.00 4.16 4.87 0.66 3 50 Construction -2.02 0.00 -3.15 0.00 5.60 0.42 0.83 4 51 TradeTransp -1.90 0.06 -9.72 0.00 2.07 -9.49 0.10 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd -0.98 0.00 -9.30 0.00 1.65 -8.63 0.08 6 53 TrnsptWater -0.63 0.00 -9.00 0.00 6.55 -3.07 0.37 7 54 TrnsptAir -2.15 0.00 -4.48 0.00 8.20 1.58 0.86 8 55 CommSrvc -1.45 0.00 -3.40 0.00 5.47 0.62 0.27 9 56 BnkngInsure 23.61 1.00 0.00 0.00 12.00 36.61 4.35 10 57 PubAdmnAdefc -5.35 0.02 0.00 0.00 13.70 8.37 4.78 11 58 Education -0.39 0.00 -0.86 0.00 22.72 21.48 4.33 12 59 HealthCare -1.96 0.00 -1.70 0.00 10.33 6.67 0.99 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -2.86 0.07 -1.63 0.00 7.08 2.64 0.71
Total change in the index of production costs
-118.85 3.43 -149.89 38.88 262.70 36.26 n/a
394
Table A6.1e: Summary of Fan Decomposition and Sales Decomposition of Industry/Commodity Output (x1tot/x0com) in Short-Run
No. Industry/Commodity code
Fan decomposition (share in total % change in
output)
Total change
in output
Sales decomposition (share in total % change in output)
Total change in sales
Local Market Domestic Export (%) Interm Invest HouseH Export Govt Margin (%)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 2 CrpWheat -0.21 1.03 0.00 0.82 0.80 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.82 3 3 CrpCotnPht 1.60 0.00 0.00 1.60 1.68 0.00 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.60 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.30 0.00 0.00 -0.30 -0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.30 5 5 CrpTobacco -1.37 -0.53 0.04 -1.86 -2.09 0.00 0.20 0.04 0.00 0.00 -1.86 6 6 CrpOtr 0.10 -0.64 0.07 -0.46 -0.12 0.00 -0.42 0.07 0.00 0.00 -0.46 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.34 0.28 0.03 -0.03 0.01 0.00 -0.07 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.03 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -0.33 -0.88 0.64 -0.57 -1.20 0.00 -0.01 0.64 0.00 0.00 -0.57 9 9 Livestock -0.15 0.08 0.02 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.04
10 10 Forestry 1.27 -2.31 0.31 -0.74 -0.40 0.00 -0.64 0.31 0.00 0.00 -0.74 11 11 Fishing -0.37 -0.02 0.23 -0.16 -0.15 0.00 -0.24 0.23 0.00 0.00 -0.16 12 12 Mining -1.28 0.48 0.18 -0.62 -1.07 0.26 0.01 0.18 0.00 0.00 -0.62 Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 0.19 -1.00 0.00 -0.81 -0.66 0.00 -0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.81 2 14 MfMilling -0.52 0.18 0.43 0.09 0.01 0.00 -0.35 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.09 3 15 MfBakeryPrd -0.26 0.29 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.00 -0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.06 4 16 MfSugar -0.13 -0.30 0.18 -0.24 -0.06 0.00 -0.36 0.18 0.00 0.00 -0.24 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 0.49 -2.57 0.28 -1.79 -1.02 0.00 -1.05 0.28 0.00 0.00 -1.79 6 18 MfBeverages 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 7 19 MfCigTobacco 0.38 -0.53 0.08 -0.07 0.00 0.00 -0.15 0.08 0.00 0.00 -0.07 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 1.52 -0.46 0.87 1.93 1.08 0.00 -0.02 0.87 0.00 0.00 1.93 9 21 MfCotnYarn 1.63 -0.83 1.82 2.62 0.80 0.01 -0.01 1.82 0.00 0.00 2.62
10 22 MfCotnCloth 1.29 -0.96 3.80 4.13 0.55 0.00 -0.23 3.80 0.00 0.00 4.13 11 23 MfArtSilk 0.75 0.00 4.11 4.87 1.14 0.00 -0.38 4.11 0.00 0.00 4.87 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 0.58 -3.67 4.87 1.79 0.22 0.00 -3.30 4.87 0.00 0.00 1.79 13 25 MfKnitwear 0.32 -0.65 2.13 1.80 0.14 0.00 -0.47 2.13 0.00 0.00 1.80 14 26 MfCarpets 0.21 0.001 1.69 1.90 0.24 0.00 -0.03 1.69 0.00 0.00 1.90 15 27 MfGarments 0.49 -1.28 5.37 4.58 0.51 0.00 -1.30 5.37 0.00 0.00 4.58 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 0.23 -0.34 3.31 3.20 0.05 0.00 -0.16 3.31 0.00 0.00 3.20 17 29 MfFootwear -0.41 0.18 0.27 0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.22 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.04 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 0.12 -1.03 0.03 -0.88 -0.56 0.17 -0.53 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.88 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 0.01 -1.43 0.03 -1.39 -0.53 0.00 -0.89 0.03 0.00 0.00 -1.39 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.59 0.12 0.19 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.71 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.90 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 0.66 0.58 0.04 1.27 1.24 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 1.27 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 1.70 -3.32 0.04 -1.59 -0.08 0.01 -1.55 0.04 0.00 0.00 -1.59 23 35 MfRefPetrol 0.38 -0.47 0.02 -0.07 -0.01 0.00 -0.08 0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.07 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -0.28 -3.51 0.03 -3.76 -3.26 0.00 -0.53 0.03 0.00 0.00 -3.76 25 37 MfOtrCh -0.03 -5.14 0.34 -4.83 -5.16 0.00 -0.01 0.34 0.00 0.00 -4.83 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -2.00 -0.11 0.01 -2.11 -2.12 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 -2.11 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -0.47 -5.65 0.27 -5.85 -5.46 0.00 -0.66 0.27 0.00 0.00 -5.85 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -1.78 -3.03 0.03 -4.78 -4.72 -0.10 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 -4.78 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -0.07 -8.25 0.27 -8.05 -5.38 -2.66 -0.28 0.27 0.00 0.00 -8.05 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 0.92 -2.99 0.07 -2.01 -1.66 -0.41 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 -2.01 31 43 MfElcEqp 2.27 -4.16 0.03 -1.86 -0.70 -1.26 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.00 -1.86 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 1.19 -1.62 0.02 -0.41 -0.81 0.34 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.41 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.00 0.00 6.11 6.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.11 0.00 0.00 6.11 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 0.77 -2.14 0.23 -1.14 -0.31 0.00 -1.05 0.23 0.00 0.00 -1.14 35 47 MfSprtGds 0.06 0.06 2.13 2.24 0.17 0.00 -0.05 2.13 0.00 0.00 2.24 Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.40 0.00 -0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 2 49 GasSupply -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 3 50 Construction -2.02 0.00 0.00 -2.02 0.02 -2.13 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 -2.02 4 51 TradeTransp 0.40 0.00 0.05 0.45 0.00 0.01 -0.07 0.05 0.00 0.46 0.45 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd -0.29 0.47 0.00 0.18 0.27 0.00 -0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 6 53 TrnsptWater -0.09 0.00 4.89 4.80 0.00 0.00 -0.09 4.89 0.00 0.00 4.80 7 54 TrnsptAir -0.07 0.00 4.43 4.36 0.02 0.00 -0.09 4.43 0.00 0.00 4.36 8 55 CommSrvc -0.08 0.00 0.94 0.86 0.13 0.00 -0.22 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.86 9 56 BnkngInsure 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.74 0.00 -0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.69
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 11 58 Education -0.07 0.00 0.00 -0.07 0.01 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.07 12 59 HealthCare -0.15 0.05 0.01 -0.09 0.00 0.00 -0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.09 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -0.27 0.00 0.00 -0.27 0.00 0.00 -0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.27
395
Table A6.1f: Summary of Fan Decomposition and Sales Decomposition of Industry/Commodity Output (x1tot/x0com) in Long-Run
No. Industry/Commodity code
Fan decomposition (share in total % change in
output)
Total change
in output
Sales decomposition (share in total % change in output)
Total change in sales
Local Market Domestic Export (%) Interm Invest HouseH Export Govt Margin (%)
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 7.91 0.00 0.00 7.92 7.23 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.92 2 2 CrpWheat 8.12 -1.58 0.00 6.54 4.58 0.00 1.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.54 3 3 CrpCotnPht 2.56 0.00 0.00 2.56 2.12 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.56 4 4 CrpSugCane 7.24 0.00 0.00 7.24 7.17 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.24 5 5 CrpTobacco 4.47 -0.82 0.32 3.97 1.71 0.00 1.94 0.32 0.00 0.00 3.97 6 6 CrpOtr 6.70 -1.25 0.61 6.07 2.70 0.00 2.75 0.61 0.00 0.00 6.07 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 6.88 0.02 0.26 7.16 0.40 0.00 6.50 0.26 0.00 0.00 7.16 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 4.71 -2.19 5.74 8.26 2.49 0.00 0.03 5.74 0.00 0.00 8.26 9 9 Livestock 7.43 -0.13 0.22 7.53 2.11 0.00 5.20 0.22 0.00 0.00 7.53 10 10 Forestry 6.20 -4.42 2.77 4.55 1.56 0.00 0.22 2.77 0.00 0.00 4.55 11 11 Fishing 7.86 -0.02 2.07 9.90 0.75 0.00 7.09 2.07 0.00 0.00 9.90 12 12 Mining 8.59 -1.48 1.63 8.75 5.81 1.23 0.08 1.63 0.00 0.00 8.75
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 7.43 -1.48 0.01 5.95 0.84 0.01 5.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 5.95 2 14 MfMilling 6.47 0.00 3.90 10.37 1.25 0.00 5.23 3.90 0.00 0.00 10.37 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 6.98 0.06 0.26 7.30 1.99 0.01 5.04 0.26 0.00 0.00 7.30 4 16 MfSugar 6.19 -0.52 1.67 7.34 1.24 0.01 4.43 1.67 0.00 0.00 7.34 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 7.09 -5.11 2.53 4.51 0.97 0.00 1.02 2.53 0.00 0.00 4.51 6 18 MfBeverages 6.76 0.00 0.00 6.76 1.62 0.00 5.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.76 7 19 MfCigTobacco 7.57 -0.62 0.74 7.69 0.00 0.00 6.95 0.74 0.00 0.00 7.69 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 1.85 -0.46 0.54 1.93 1.25 0.00 0.14 0.54 0.00 0.00 1.93 9 21 MfCotnYarn 2.32 -1.71 0.34 0.94 0.48 0.06 0.07 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.94 10 22 MfCotnCloth 2.61 -0.98 0.71 2.35 0.18 0.01 1.45 0.71 0.00 0.00 2.35 11 23 MfArtSilk 7.10 0.02 7.64 14.76 3.66 0.00 3.46 7.64 0.00 0.00 14.76 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 3.27 -4.28 -0.43 -1.44 1.02 0.01 -2.04 -0.43 0.00 0.00 -1.44 13 25 MfKnitwear -0.63 -1.04 -21.73 -23.40 -1.29 0.01 -0.38 -21.73 0.00 0.00 -23.40 14 26 MfCarpets 7.22 0.01 48.30 55.54 7.06 0.00 0.17 48.30 0.00 0.00 55.54 15 27 MfGarments 2.60 -1.46 2.27 3.40 1.51 0.01 -0.39 2.27 0.00 0.00 3.40 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 2.49 -0.92 30.56 32.12 1.08 0.01 0.47 30.56 0.00 0.00 32.12 17 29 MfFootwear 6.91 0.21 2.45 9.57 1.23 0.00 5.89 2.45 0.00 0.00 9.57 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 10.30 -1.35 0.28 9.22 7.31 0.90 0.74 0.28 0.00 0.00 9.22 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 7.02 -2.22 0.28 5.09 5.07 0.00 -0.27 0.28 0.00 0.00 5.09 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 9.65 -0.41 1.70 10.95 1.73 0.01 7.50 1.70 0.00 0.00 10.95 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 5.41 -0.02 0.32 5.72 5.15 0.00 0.25 0.32 0.00 0.00 5.72 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 11.05 -4.08 0.33 7.30 0.69 0.03 6.26 0.33 0.00 0.00 7.30 23 35 MfRefPetrol 10.94 -0.08 0.19 11.05 9.83 0.00 1.04 0.19 0.00 0.00 11.05 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 6.21 -5.87 0.31 0.65 0.52 0.01 -0.19 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.65 25 37 MfOtrCh 7.58 -7.85 3.07 2.80 -0.31 0.00 0.04 3.07 0.00 0.00 2.80 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 10.28 -0.21 0.08 10.15 10.05 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.00 0.00 10.15 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd 8.01 -11.94 2.45 -1.48 -2.94 0.00 -0.99 2.45 0.00 0.00 -1.48 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 7.02 -5.66 0.28 1.64 0.71 0.64 0.01 0.28 0.00 0.00 1.64 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ 8.25 -15.46 2.45 -4.76 -4.48 -2.45 -0.29 2.45 0.00 0.00 -4.76 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 9.54 -5.66 0.61 4.48 0.63 3.19 0.06 0.61 0.00 0.00 4.48 31 43 MfElcEqp 12.34 -6.12 0.24 6.47 0.17 4.79 1.27 0.24 0.00 0.00 6.47 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 10.68 -2.65 0.22 8.24 2.55 5.03 0.45 0.22 0.00 0.00 8.24 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 0.02 0.00 37.15 37.16 0.02 0.00 0.00 37.15 0.00 0.00 37.16 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 9.69 -2.80 2.05 8.93 0.43 0.01 6.44 2.05 0.00 0.00 8.93 35 47 MfSprtGds 0.88 -0.11 1.43 2.20 0.43 0.01 0.33 1.43 0.00 0.00 2.20
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 7.54 0.00 0.00 7.54 5.97 0.00 1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.54 2 49 GasSupply 6.84 0.00 0.00 6.84 5.72 0.00 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.84 3 50 Construction 10.71 0.00 0.00 10.71 2.31 7.71 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.71 4 51 TradeTransp 8.89 0.05 0.48 9.42 0.55 0.07 0.47 0.48 0.01 7.84 9.42 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 6.89 1.82 0.00 8.72 3.33 0.00 5.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.72 6 53 TrnsptWater 0.17 0.00 44.06 44.23 0.00 0.00 0.17 44.06 0.00 0.00 44.23 7 54 TrnsptAir 1.02 0.00 39.91 40.92 0.56 0.00 0.45 39.91 0.00 0.00 40.92 8 55 CommSrvc 5.88 0.00 2.41 8.29 4.63 0.00 1.26 2.41 0.00 0.00 8.29 9 56 BnkngInsure 6.80 0.00 0.00 6.80 6.80 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.80 10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 7.36 0.00 0.00 7.36 0.26 0.00 0.35 0.00 6.75 0.00 7.36 11 58 Education 6.43 0.00 0.00 6.43 0.10 0.00 0.62 0.00 5.70 0.00 6.43 12 59 HealthCare 6.95 -0.06 0.05 6.93 0.19 0.00 2.91 0.05 3.78 0.00 6.93 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 13.65 0.00 0.01 13.66 1.59 0.00 12.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 13.66
396
Table A6.1g: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Domestic Industry Employment in Short-Run No. Industry code
Change in employment (%) = expansion effect + substitution effect
Expansion effect (%) Substitution effect (%)
(employ) (x1prim = x1tot) minus{SIGMA1PRIM(i)*[p1lab_o(i) - p1prim(i)]}
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad 0.02 0.01 0.01 2 2 CrpWheat 1.92 0.82 1.10 3 3 CrpCotnPht 4.94 1.60 3.33 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.67 -0.30 -0.37 5 5 CrpTobacco -5.07 -1.86 -3.20 6 6 CrpOtr -2.25 -0.46 -1.78 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.12 -0.03 -0.10 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -2.46 -0.57 -1.89 9 9 Livestock -0.60 -0.04 -0.56
10 10 Forestry -6.07 -0.74 -5.33 11 11 Fishing -0.86 -0.16 -0.70 12 12 Mining -1.90 -0.62 -1.28
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -2.21 -0.81 -1.40 2 14 MfMilling 1.39 0.09 1.30 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.23 0.06 0.17 4 16 MfSugar -0.98 -0.24 -0.74 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -14.55 -1.79 -12.75 6 18 MfBeverages 0.20 0.08 0.13 7 19 MfCigTobacco -0.84 -0.07 -0.77 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 8.92 1.93 6.99 9 21 MfCotnYarn 7.84 2.62 5.22
10 22 MfCotnCloth 9.32 4.13 5.20 11 23 MfArtSilk 12.26 4.87 7.39 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 5.87 1.79 4.09 13 25 MfKnitwear 4.78 1.80 2.98 14 26 MfCarpets 12.59 1.90 10.69 15 27 MfGarments 10.74 4.58 6.17 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 20.08 3.20 16.88 17 29 MfFootwear 0.10 0.04 0.06 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -4.55 -0.88 -3.67 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -3.45 -1.39 -2.06 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.04 0.90 1.14 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 5.65 1.27 4.38 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -3.08 -1.59 -1.49 23 35 MfRefPetrol -0.68 -0.07 -0.61 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -12.54 -3.76 -8.79 25 37 MfOtrCh -13.32 -4.83 -8.49 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -6.98 -2.11 -4.87 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -19.00 -5.85 -13.15 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -9.74 -4.78 -4.97 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -19.53 -8.05 -11.48 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -4.53 -2.01 -2.53 31 43 MfElcEqp -5.55 -1.86 -3.69 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -1.00 -0.41 -0.59 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 21.29 6.11 15.18 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -3.20 -1.14 -2.07 35 47 MfSprtGds 9.76 2.24 7.52
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 5.78 0.13 5.65 2 49 GasSupply -0.03 -0.01 -0.02 3 50 Construction -4.35 -2.02 -2.33 4 51 TradeTransp 5.17 0.45 4.72 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 2.44 0.18 2.26 6 53 TrnsptWater 20.35 4.80 15.55 7 54 TrnsptAir 9.95 4.36 5.59 8 55 CommSrvc 4.21 0.86 3.36 9 56 BnkngInsure 0.69 0.69 0.00
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.02 0.02 0.00 11 58 Education -0.09 -0.07 -0.02 12 59 HealthCare -0.18 -0.09 -0.09 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -0.64 -0.27 -0.38
397
Table A6.1h: Impact of Tariff Cuts on Domestic Industry Employment in Long-Run No. Industry code
Change in employment (%) = expansion effect + substitution effect
Expansion effect (%) Substitution effect (%)
(employ) (x1prim = x1tot) minus{SIGMA1PRIM(i)*[p1lab_o(i) - p1prim(i)]}
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining 1 1 CrpRicePad -0.89 7.92 -8.80 2 2 CrpWheat -1.67 6.54 -8.21 3 3 CrpCotnPht -8.18 2.56 -10.74 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.70 7.24 -7.94 5 5 CrpTobacco -6.29 3.97 -10.27 6 6 CrpOtr -6.49 6.07 -12.55 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -5.70 7.16 -12.86 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -3.70 8.26 -11.96 9 9 Livestock -5.01 7.53 -12.54
10 10 Forestry -5.43 4.55 -9.98 11 11 Fishing -6.65 9.90 -16.55 12 12 Mining 2.31 8.75 -6.44
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -12.01 5.95 -17.97 2 14 MfMilling -15.98 10.37 -26.35 3 15 MfBakeryPrd -3.90 7.30 -11.20 4 16 MfSugar -13.87 7.34 -21.21 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -19.38 4.51 -23.89 6 18 MfBeverages -11.03 6.76 -17.79 7 19 MfCigTobacco -5.91 7.69 -13.60 8 20 MfGindCotnLn -9.29 1.93 -11.22 9 21 MfCotnYarn -8.42 0.94 -9.36
10 22 MfCotnCloth -5.47 2.35 -7.82 11 23 MfArtSilk 5.34 14.76 -9.42 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG -11.07 -1.44 -9.63 13 25 MfKnitwear -30.11 -23.40 -6.71 14 26 MfCarpets 37.09 55.54 -18.44 15 27 MfGarments -4.70 3.40 -8.10 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 16.81 32.12 -15.31 17 29 MfFootwear 0.68 9.57 -8.89 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -3.45 9.22 -12.67 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -3.97 5.09 -9.06 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.29 10.95 -8.66 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst -5.66 5.72 -11.38 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -0.21 7.30 -7.52 23 35 MfRefPetrol -3.00 11.05 -14.05 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -9.80 0.65 -10.45 25 37 MfOtrCh -6.91 2.80 -9.71 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -1.04 10.15 -11.19 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -11.69 -1.48 -10.21 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -6.11 1.64 -7.75 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -13.36 -4.76 -8.59 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -3.97 4.48 -8.46 31 43 MfElcEqp -3.81 6.47 -10.28 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -0.93 8.24 -9.17 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 24.08 37.16 -13.09 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -4.51 8.93 -13.44 35 47 MfSprtGds -8.81 2.20 -11.01
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks -11.84 7.54 -19.38 2 49 GasSupply -2.32 6.84 -9.16 3 50 Construction -0.41 10.71 -11.12 4 51 TradeTransp -8.93 9.42 -18.34 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd -9.79 8.72 -18.50 6 53 TrnsptWater 24.23 44.23 -20.00 7 54 TrnsptAir 26.98 40.92 -13.94 8 55 CommSrvc -3.91 8.29 -12.21 9 56 BnkngInsure 6.79 7.70 -0.92
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 7.36 8.26 -0.90 11 58 Education 3.60 6.43 -2.83 12 59 HealthCare -0.69 6.93 -7.63 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 4.18 13.66 -9.48
398
Table A6.1i: Regional Output by Industry in Short-Run No. Commodity code Change in regional industry output (%)
Change in national industry
output (%) (regx1tot) (x1tot) Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Pakistan
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 2 2 CrpWheat 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 3 3 CrpCotnPht 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 5 5 CrpTobacco -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 6 6 CrpOtr -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 -0.46 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -0.57 -0.57 -0.57 -0.57 -0.57 9 9 Livestock -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04
10 10 Forestry -0.74 -0.74 -0.74 -0.74 -0.74 11 11 Fishing -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 12 12 Mining -0.62 -0.62 -0.62 -0.62 -0.62
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -0.81 -0.81 -0.81 -0.81 -0.81 2 14 MfMilling 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 4 16 MfSugar -0.24 -0.24 -0.24 -0.24 -0.24 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -1.79 -1.79 -1.79 -1.79 -1.79 6 18 MfBeverages 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 7 19 MfCigTobacco -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 9 21 MfCotnYarn 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62
10 22 MfCotnCloth 4.13 4.13 4.13 4.13 4.13 11 23 MfArtSilk 4.87 4.87 4.87 4.87 4.87 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 13 25 MfKnitwear 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 14 26 MfCarpets 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 15 27 MfGarments 4.58 4.58 4.58 4.58 4.58 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 17 29 MfFootwear 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -0.88 -0.88 -0.88 -0.88 -0.88 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -1.39 -1.39 -1.39 -1.39 -1.39 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 1.27 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -1.59 -1.59 -1.59 -1.59 -1.59 23 35 MfRefPetrol -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -3.76 -3.76 -3.76 -3.76 -3.76 25 37 MfOtrCh -4.83 -4.83 -4.83 -4.83 -4.83 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -2.11 -2.11 -2.11 -2.11 -2.11 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -5.85 -5.85 -5.85 -5.85 -5.85 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -4.78 -4.78 -4.78 -4.78 -4.78 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -8.05 -8.05 -8.05 -8.05 -8.05 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -2.01 -2.01 -2.01 -2.01 -2.01 31 43 MfElcEqp -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 -1.86 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 -0.41 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 6.11 6.11 6.11 6.11 6.11 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -1.14 -1.14 -1.14 -1.14 -1.14 35 47 MfSprtGds 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 0.34 0.23 -0.98 -0.31 0.13 2 49 GasSupply 0.75 0.31 -0.58 -0.27 -0.01 3 50 Construction -1.11 -2.69 -3.27 -5.66 -2.02 4 51 TradeTransp 0.68 0.54 -0.49 -0.53 0.45 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 0.40 0.17 -0.56 -0.59 0.18 6 53 TrnsptWater 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 7 54 TrnsptAir 4.36 4.36 4.36 4.36 4.36 8 55 CommSrvc 0.96 0.89 -0.40 -0.71 0.86 9 56 BnkngInsure 0.76 0.85 -0.88 -0.60 0.69
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 11 58 Education 0.00 -0.14 -0.26 -0.15 -0.07 12 59 HealthCare 0.14 -0.17 -0.60 -0.32 -0.09 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -0.12 -1.25 -2.77 -3.32 -0.27
Note: Local industries are in boldface.
399
Table A6.1j: Regional Output by Industry in Long-Run No. Commodity code Change in regional industry output (%)
Change in national industry
output (%) (regx1tot) (x1tot) Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Pakistan
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 7.92 7.92 7.92 7.92 7.92 2 2 CrpWheat 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 6.54 3 3 CrpCotnPht 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 2.56 4 4 CrpSugCane 7.24 7.24 7.24 7.24 7.24 5 5 CrpTobacco 3.97 3.97 3.97 3.97 3.97 6 6 CrpOtr 6.07 6.07 6.07 6.07 6.07 7 7 CrpPulsAGram 7.16 7.16 7.16 7.16 7.16 8 8 CrpOilSeeds 8.26 8.26 8.26 8.26 8.26 9 9 Livestock 7.53 7.53 7.53 7.53 7.53
10 10 Forestry 4.55 4.55 4.55 4.55 4.55 11 11 Fishing 9.90 9.90 9.90 9.90 9.90 12 12 Mining 8.75 8.75 8.75 8.75 8.75
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc 5.95 5.95 5.95 5.95 5.95 2 14 MfMilling 10.37 10.37 10.37 10.37 10.37 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 4 16 MfSugar 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 6 18 MfBeverages 6.76 6.76 6.76 6.76 6.76 7 19 MfCigTobacco 7.69 7.69 7.69 7.69 7.69 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 9 21 MfCotnYarn 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94
10 22 MfCotnCloth 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 11 23 MfArtSilk 14.76 14.76 14.76 14.76 14.76 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG -1.44 -1.44 -1.44 -1.44 -1.44 13 25 MfKnitwear -23.40 -23.40 -23.40 -23.40 -23.40 14 26 MfCarpets 55.54 55.54 55.54 55.54 55.54 15 27 MfGarments 3.40 3.40 3.40 3.40 3.40 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 32.12 32.12 32.12 32.12 32.12 17 29 MfFootwear 9.57 9.57 9.57 9.57 9.57 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd 5.09 5.09 5.09 5.09 5.09 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 10.95 10.95 10.95 10.95 10.95 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 5.72 5.72 5.72 5.72 5.72 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 23 35 MfRefPetrol 11.05 11.05 11.05 11.05 11.05 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 25 37 MfOtrCh 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt 10.15 10.15 10.15 10.15 10.15 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -1.48 -1.48 -1.48 -1.48 -1.48 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -4.76 -4.76 -4.76 -4.76 -4.76 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch 4.48 4.48 4.48 4.48 4.48 31 43 MfElcEqp 6.47 6.47 6.47 6.47 6.47 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp 8.24 8.24 8.24 8.24 8.24 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 37.16 37.16 37.16 37.16 37.16 34 46 MfOterHndCrf 8.93 8.93 8.93 8.93 8.93 35 47 MfSprtGds 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 7.60 6.45 9.44 8.31 7.54 2 49 GasSupply 7.01 6.04 8.37 7.29 6.84 3 50 Construction 10.60 10.75 10.59 11.94 10.71 4 51 TradeTransp 9.47 8.96 9.97 9.94 9.42 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 8.83 8.16 9.26 9.11 8.72 6 53 TrnsptWater 44.23 44.23 44.23 44.23 44.23 7 54 TrnsptAir 40.92 40.92 40.92 40.92 40.92 8 55 CommSrvc 8.53 7.81 8.86 8.46 8.29 9 56 BnkngInsure 7.09 6.50 6.53 7.24 6.80
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 7.36 7.36 7.36 7.36 7.36 11 58 Education 6.40 6.23 6.85 7.10 6.43 12 59 HealthCare 6.93 6.67 7.38 7.23 6.93 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 13.71 12.15 15.37 13.74 13.66
Note: Local industries are in boldface.
400
Table A6.1k: Employment Growth by Industry and Region in Short-Run No. Commodity code Change in regional industry employment (%)
Change in national industry employment (%)
(regemploy) (employ) Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Pakistan
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 2 2 CrpWheat 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 3 3 CrpCotnPht 4.94 4.94 4.94 4.94 4.94 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.67 -0.67 -0.67 -0.67 -0.67 5 5 CrpTobacco -5.07 -5.07 -5.07 -5.07 -5.07 6 6 CrpOtr -2.25 -2.25 -2.25 -2.25 -2.25 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -2.46 -2.46 -2.46 -2.46 -2.46 9 9 Livestock -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60
10 10 Forestry -6.07 -6.07 -6.07 -6.07 -6.07 11 11 Fishing -0.86 -0.86 -0.86 -0.86 -0.86 12 12 Mining -1.90 -1.90 -1.90 -1.90 -1.90
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -2.21 -2.21 -2.21 -2.21 -2.21 2 14 MfMilling 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 3 15 MfBakeryPrd 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 4 16 MfSugar -0.98 -0.98 -0.98 -0.98 -0.98 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -14.55 -14.55 -14.55 -14.55 -14.55 6 18 MfBeverages 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 7 19 MfCigTobacco -0.84 -0.84 -0.84 -0.84 -0.84 8 20 MfGindCotnLn 8.92 8.92 8.92 8.92 8.92 9 21 MfCotnYarn 7.84 7.84 7.84 7.84 7.84
10 22 MfCotnCloth 9.32 9.32 9.32 9.32 9.32 11 23 MfArtSilk 12.26 12.26 12.26 12.26 12.26 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG 5.87 5.87 5.87 5.87 5.87 13 25 MfKnitwear 4.78 4.78 4.78 4.78 4.78 14 26 MfCarpets 12.59 12.59 12.59 12.59 12.59 15 27 MfGarments 10.74 10.74 10.74 10.74 10.74 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 20.08 20.08 20.08 20.08 20.08 17 29 MfFootwear 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -4.55 -4.55 -4.55 -4.55 -4.55 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.04 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst 5.65 5.65 5.65 5.65 5.65 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -3.08 -3.08 -3.08 -3.08 -3.08 23 35 MfRefPetrol -0.68 -0.68 -0.68 -0.68 -0.68 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -12.54 -12.54 -12.54 -12.54 -12.54 25 37 MfOtrCh -13.32 -13.32 -13.32 -13.32 -13.32 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -6.98 -6.98 -6.98 -6.98 -6.98 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -19.00 -19.00 -19.00 -19.00 -19.00 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -9.74 -9.74 -9.74 -9.74 -9.74 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -19.53 -19.53 -19.53 -19.53 -19.53 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -4.53 -4.53 -4.53 -4.53 -4.53 31 43 MfElcEqp -5.55 -5.55 -5.55 -5.55 -5.55 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 21.29 21.29 21.29 21.29 21.29 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -3.20 -3.20 -3.20 -3.20 -3.20 35 47 MfSprtGds 9.76 9.76 9.76 9.76 9.76
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks 6.00 5.88 4.61 5.32 5.78 2 49 GasSupply 0.73 0.30 -0.60 -0.28 -0.03 3 50 Construction -3.45 -5.00 -5.56 -7.90 -4.35 4 51 TradeTransp 5.41 5.27 4.19 4.15 5.17 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd 2.66 2.43 1.68 1.65 2.44 6 53 TrnsptWater 20.35 20.35 20.35 20.35 20.35 7 54 TrnsptAir 9.95 9.95 9.95 9.95 9.95 8 55 CommSrvc 4.32 4.25 2.91 2.60 4.21 9 56 BnkngInsure 0.77 0.85 -0.88 -0.60 0.69
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 11 58 Education -0.02 -0.16 -0.28 -0.17 -0.09 12 59 HealthCare 0.04 -0.26 -0.69 -0.41 -0.18 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc -0.50 -1.62 -3.14 -3.68 -0.64
Note: Local industries are in boldface.
401
Table A6.1l: Employment Growth by Industry and Region in Long-Run No. Commodity code Change in regional industry employment (%)
Change in national industry employment (%)
(regemploy) (employ) Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan Pakistan
Agriculture, Forestry and Mining
1 1 CrpRicePad -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 -0.89 2 2 CrpWheat -1.67 -1.67 -1.67 -1.67 -1.67 3 3 CrpCotnPht -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 4 4 CrpSugCane -0.70 -0.70 -0.70 -0.70 -0.70 5 5 CrpTobacco -6.29 -6.29 -6.29 -6.29 -6.29 6 6 CrpOtr -6.49 -6.49 -6.49 -6.49 -6.49 7 7 CrpPulsAGram -5.70 -5.70 -5.70 -5.70 -5.70 8 8 CrpOilSeeds -3.70 -3.70 -3.70 -3.70 -3.70 9 9 Livestock -5.01 -5.01 -5.01 -5.01 -5.01
10 10 Forestry -5.43 -5.43 -5.43 -5.43 -5.43 11 11 Fishing -6.65 -6.65 -6.65 -6.65 -6.65 12 12 Mining 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31 2.31
Manufacturing 1 13 MfVegOiletc -12.01 -12.01 -12.01 -12.01 -12.01 2 14 MfMilling -15.98 -15.98 -15.98 -15.98 -15.98 3 15 MfBakeryPrd -3.90 -3.90 -3.90 -3.90 -3.90 4 16 MfSugar -13.87 -13.87 -13.87 -13.87 -13.87 5 17 MfOtrFdPrd -19.38 -19.38 -19.38 -19.38 -19.38 6 18 MfBeverages -11.03 -11.03 -11.03 -11.03 -11.03 7 19 MfCigTobacco -5.91 -5.91 -5.91 -5.91 -5.91 8 20 MfGindCotnLn -9.29 -9.29 -9.29 -9.29 -9.29 9 21 MfCotnYarn -8.42 -8.42 -8.42 -8.42 -8.42
10 22 MfCotnCloth -5.47 -5.47 -5.47 -5.47 -5.47 11 23 MfArtSilk 5.34 5.34 5.34 5.34 5.34 12 24 MfMupTxtOtrG -11.07 -11.07 -11.07 -11.07 -11.07 13 25 MfKnitwear -30.11 -30.11 -30.11 -30.11 -30.11 14 26 MfCarpets 37.09 37.09 37.09 37.09 37.09 15 27 MfGarments -4.70 -4.70 -4.70 -4.70 -4.70 16 28 MfLthrAPrd 16.81 16.81 16.81 16.81 16.81 17 29 MfFootwear 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 18 30 MfWdAWdPrdAF -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 -3.45 19 31 MfPprAPprPrd -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 20 32 MfPhrmcutics 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 2.29 21 33 MfFrtlsrAPst -5.66 -5.66 -5.66 -5.66 -5.66 22 34 MfChACnsrPrd -0.21 -0.21 -0.21 -0.21 -0.21 23 35 MfRefPetrol -3.00 -3.00 -3.00 -3.00 -3.00 24 36 MfRbrAPlsPrd -9.80 -9.80 -9.80 -9.80 -9.80 25 37 MfOtrCh -6.91 -6.91 -6.91 -6.91 -6.91 26 38 MfBrkTilCmnt -1.04 -1.04 -1.04 -1.04 -1.04 27 39 MfOtrNmtMPrd -11.69 -11.69 -11.69 -11.69 -11.69 28 40 MfBasMetlPrd -6.11 -6.11 -6.11 -6.11 -6.11 29 41 MfOtrMtPrdJ -13.36 -13.36 -13.36 -13.36 -13.36 30 42 MfOtrNelcMch -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 -3.97 31 43 MfElcEqp -3.81 -3.81 -3.81 -3.81 -3.81 32 44 MfOtrTrspEqp -0.93 -0.93 -0.93 -0.93 -0.93 33 45 MfSrgInstrmt 24.08 24.08 24.08 24.08 24.08 34 46 MfOterHndCrf -4.51 -4.51 -4.51 -4.51 -4.51 35 47 MfSprtGds -8.81 -8.81 -8.81 -8.81 -8.81
Services 1 48 ElcAWtrwrks -11.79 -12.73 -10.28 -11.20 -11.84 2 49 GasSupply -2.17 -3.05 -0.92 -1.91 -2.32 3 50 Construction -0.50 -0.37 -0.51 0.70 -0.41 4 51 TradeTransp -8.89 -9.31 -8.47 -8.49 -8.93 5 52 SrvcUnspcifd -9.69 -10.25 -9.34 -9.46 -9.79 6 53 TrnsptWater 24.23 24.23 24.23 24.23 24.23 7 54 TrnsptAir 26.98 26.98 26.98 26.98 26.98 8 55 CommSrvc -3.70 -4.34 -3.41 -3.76 -3.91 9 56 BnkngInsure 7.08 6.48 6.51 7.23 6.79
10 57 PubAdmnAdefc 7.36 7.36 7.36 7.36 7.36 11 58 Education 3.56 3.40 4.00 4.25 3.60 12 59 HealthCare -0.70 -0.94 -0.28 -0.42 -0.69 13 60 OtrSoACuSrvc 4.23 2.80 5.75 4.25 4.18
Note: Local industries are in boldface.
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APPENDIX 6.2: PRIMARY FACTOR DEMAND AND EMPLOYMENT IN SHORT-RUN
With some manipulation, the following equation can be derived from the equations (E_x1lab_o, E_p1cap and E_p1prim in Section 4.3.4.2) determining the demand for primary factors.124
x1prim = SL*x1lab_o + SK*x1cap + SLn*x1lnd
Where x1prim is percentage change in overall real factor demand of an industry (x1prim is equal to percentage change in real output, x1tot, in the absence of technical change); SL, SK and SLn represent shares of labour, capital and land in primary factor costs; and x1lab_o, x1cap, and x1lnd are percentage changes in demand for real factor inputs—labour, capital and land, respectively. The equation states that the change in overall real factor demand or real output of an industry is the share weighted average of the percentage changes in real factor inputs. Since x1cap and x1lnd are zero in the short-run, the above equation becomes:
x1prim = SL*x1lab_o
Replacing x1prim with x1tot (percentage change in real industry output or the employment expansion effect) results in the following equation:
x1tot = SL*x1lab_o
Since SL is less than 1 (100 per cent) for all the industries, it is evident from this equation that if the employment expansion effect increases (decreases) by 1 per cent, employment must rise (fall) by 1/SL per cent, which is more than 1 per cent. The increase/decrease in employment over and above the employment expansion effect is attributable to the positive/negative employment substitution effect.
Three important conclusions can be drawn from the arithmetic of the above relationship. Firstly, the expansion effect and the substitution effect of demand for labour always move in the same direction in the short-run. Secondly, if the share of labour in total factor costs is 0.5 (50 per cent), the employment substitution effect must be equal to the employment substitution effect; and an increase/decrease in the industry output should have no impact on the relative magnitudes of the substitution and expansion effects. Finally, if the share of labour in total factor costs is lower (higher) than 50 per cent, the absolute value of the employment substitution effect must be higher (lower) than that of the employment expansion effect.
124 See Horridge et al. (2003, pp.13-15) for details.
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APPENDIX 6.3: ROLE OF NATIONAL INDUSTRIES IN SHAPING REGIONAL ADVANTAGES
BOX A6.3A: IMPACT OF NATIONAL INDUSTRIES ON REGIONAL ADVANTAGES IN SHORT-RUN—BASED ON TABLE 6.12 IN MAIN BODY OF STUDY A disaggregation of the national industry group into additional groups shows that Punjab receives positive contributions to the difference between the regional and national real GDP growth from the agriculture and manufacturing sectors (by 0.04 percentage points each) and no contribution from the services sector (see Memorandum 1 of Table 6.12).125 Within the manufacturing sector, while the non-export industries contribute to the regional advantage by 0.07 percentage points, the group of the export industries makes a contribution of -0.03 percentage points—the only negative contribution from a group of industries to the regional advantage of Punjab. Both the export industries (53 TrnsptWater and 54 TrnsptAir) and the single non-export industry (57 PubAdmnAdefc) in the services sector make no contribution to the regional advantage.
Memorandum 2 of Table 6.12 and the underlying calculations of the regional advantage matrix (not presented here because of their cumbersomeness) reveal that Punjab receives positive contributions primarily because of Punjab’s over-representation (relative to the national economy) in the agricultural industries (particularly, 2 CrpWheat and 3 CrpCotnPht) and some manufacturing export industries, especially 45 MfSrgInstrmt, which has experienced the highest output growth in the short-run (see Section 6.3.2.3.1), 47 MfSprtGds and 2 highly protected cotton and textile related export industries (20 MfGindCotnLn and 21 MfCotnYarn) growing faster than national real GDP and its under-representation in almost all the non-export manufacturing industries growing slower than national real GDP. On the other hand, the negative contribution are made by the group of the export-oriented manufacturing industries, which are attributable to Punjab’s under-representation in 7 export-oriented manufacturing industries (26 MfCarpets, 28 MfLthrAPrd, and 23 MfArtSilk; and 4 highly protected cotton and textile related export industries, namely, 22 MfCotnCloth, 24 MfMupTxtOtrG, 25 MfKnitwear and 27 MfGarments) whose output growth is higher than the national real GDP growth.
An examination of the composition of the national industry group in Sindh suggests that the agriculture, manufacturing and services sectors make contributions of zero percentage points, -0.03 percentage points and -0.01 percentage points, respectively. At the next level of disaggregation, the export-oriented manufacturing industries make a contribution of 0.13 percentage points, overcome by the contribution of -0.16 percentage points made by the non-export manufacturing industries. Moreover, there is no contribution from the only non-export services industry (57 PubAdmnAdefc); whereas the two export-oriented services industries (53 TrnsptWater and 54 TrnsptAir) make a contribution of -0.01 percentage points. The zero contribution from the agriculture sector is the result of Sindh’s equal under-representations in the slower-growing agricultural industries (in particular, 6 CrpOtr and 10 Forestry) and the faster-growing agricultural industries (predominantly, 2 CrpWheat
125 It should be noted that out of the 13 industries in the services sector, 10 industries have been allocated to the local industry group, making the contribution of the services sector in the national industry group almost negligible. Consequently, the results of the group of the local commodities should also be taken into consideration to appreciate the output performance of the services sector.
404
and 3 CrpCotnPht). The positive contributions are the result of Sindh’s over-representation in the 7 export industries—which have made negative contributions in Punjab—growing faster than national real GDP. The negative contributions are the consequence of Sindh’s over-representation in a large number of non-export manufacturing industries whose outputs increase by less than national real GDP and, to some extent, Sindh’s under-representation in the two export-oriented services industries (53 TrnsptWater and 54 TrnsptAir) expanding faster than national real GDP.
As regards the national industries in NWFP, the agriculture and manufacturing sectors contribute by -0.08 percentage points each, whereas the services sector contributes by 0.01 percentage points to NWFP’s regional advantage. At the higher level of disaggregation, the export-oriented manufacturing industries, the non-export manufacturing industries, the export-oriented services industries, and the only non-export services industry (57 PubAdmnAdefc) contribute by -0.15 percentage points, 0.07 percentage points, 0.01 percentage points and zero percentage points, respectively. The positive contributions are principally the result of NWFP’s under-representation in a large number of slower-growing non-export manufacturing industries and partially the consequence of its over-representation in the 2 faster-growing export-oriented services industries. The negative contributions are the result of NWFP’s under-representation in all the faster-growing export-oriented manufacturing industries and its over-representation in many slower-growing agricultural industries (such as 4 CrpSugCane, 5 CrpTobacco, 7 CrpPulsAGram, 9 Livestock, 10 Forestry, and 11 Fishing).
All the national-industry groups make negative or zero contribution to the regional advantage in Balochistan, with the exception of the non-export manufacturing industries which make a positive contribution of 0.06 percentage points. The agricultural, manufacturing and services sectors contribute by -0.18 percentage points, -0.03 percentage points and -0.01 percentage points, respectively. The export-oriented manufacturing industries, the 2 export-oriented services industries and the single non-export services industry contribute by -0.09 percentage points, -0.01 percentage points, and zero percentage points, respectively. Like NWFP, the positive contributions stem from Balochistan’s under-representation in almost all the non-export manufacturing industries growing slower than national real GDP. The negative contributions are driven by the region’s over-representation in some slower-growing agricultural industries (in particular, 1 CrpRicePad, 5 CrpTobacco, 6 CrpOtr, 10 Forestry, 11 Fishing, and 12 Mining) and its under-representation in nearly all the export-oriented manufacturing industries and, to some extent, the 2 export-oriented services industries growing faster than national real GDP.
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BOX A6.3B: IMPACT OF NATIONAL INDUSTRIES ON REGIONAL ADVANTAGES IN LONG-RUN—BASED ON TABLE 6.14 IN MAIN BODY OF STUDY As regards the impact of the different groups of the national industries on the regional output growth, NWFP receives positive or zero contributions to its regional advantage from all the groups, apart from the agriculture sector which contributes -0.02 percentage points. The manufacturing and services sectors contribute to the regional advantage by 0.40 percentage points and 0.04 percentage points, respectively. Within the manufacturing sector, the export industries and non-export industries contribute by 0.16 percentage points and 0.24 percentage points, respectively. In the services sector, only the export industries make a contribution (by 0.04 percentage points). Memorandum 2 of Table 6.14 (and the underlying calculations of the regional advantage matrix) reveal that NWFP receives positive contributions primarily because of its under-representation in almost all the slower-growing export-oriented manufacturing industries (in particular, 47 MfSprtGds and the 6 highly protected cotton and textile related industries, that is, 20 MfGindCotnLn, 21 MfCotnYarn, 22 MfCotnCloth, 24 MfMupTxtOtrG, 27 MfGarments, and 25 MfKnitwear) and nearly all the slower-growing non-export manufacturing industries, and partially due to its over-representation in the 2 faster-growing export-oriented services industries (53 TrnsptWater and 54 TrnsptAir). The negative contributions are the result of NWFP’s over-representation in many slower-growing agricultural industries (in particular, 5 CrpTobacco, 9 Livestock, and 10 Forestry).
The structure of the national-industry contributions in Balochistan is similar to that in NWFP apart from the services sector. Like NWFP, the agriculture and manufacturing sectors in Balochistan contribute negatively (by -0.19 percentage points) and positively (0.30 percentage points), whereas, as opposed to NWFP, the services sector in Balochistan makes a negative contribution (-0.08 percentage points). At the higher level of disaggregation, the export-oriented and non-export manufacturing industries, and the export-oriented and non-export services industries contribute by 0.23 percentage points, 0.07 percentage points, -0.09 percentage points, and 0.01 percentage points, respectively. Like NWFP, while the positive contributions are mostly the result of Balochistan’s under-representation in about all the slower-growing export-oriented manufacturing industries, particularly 47 MfSprtGds and the 6 highly protected cotton and textile related export industries and just about all the slower-growing non-export manufacturing industries, the negative contributions originate primarily from Balochistan’s over-representation in the slower-growing agricultural industries (especially, 6 CrpOtr, and 10 Forestry). However, unlike NWFP, Balochistan also receives positive contribution from its over-representation in the agricultural industry 12 Mining and negative contributions from its under-representation in the 2 faster-growing export-oriented services industries.
In relation to Punjab, the agriculture, manufacturing and services sectors make contributions of -0.09 percentage points, 0.13 percentage points and 0.03 percentage points. At the next level of disaggregation, the export-oriented and non-export manufacturing industries and the export-oriented and non-export services industries contribute by 0.06 percentage points, 0.07 percentage points, 0.03 percentage points and zero percentage points, respectively. The positive contributions are mainly the result of Punjab’s under-representation in most slower-growing export industries (particularly, 4 highly protected cotton and textile related export industries, namely, 22 MfCotnCloth, 24 MfMupTxtOtrG, 25 MfKnitwear, and 27 MfGarments) and almost all the slower-growing non-export manufacturing industries, and are partly the consequence of Punjab’s over-representation in some faster-growing export industries, such as
406
45 MfSrgInstrmt and the 2 faster-growing export-oriented services industries. The negative contributions arise from Punjab’s over-representation in many agricultural industries (particularly, 2 CrpWheat, 3 CrpCotnPht, and 6 CrpOtr) and some export-oriented manufacturing industries (mainly 2 highly protected cotton and textile related export industries 20 MfGindCotnLn and 21 MfCotnYarn; and 47 MfSprtGds) whose output growth is less than the national real GDP growth.
The composition of the national industries influencing the growth of Sindh relative to national real GDP is somewhat different from the rest of the regions. In contrast to the remaining regions, Sindh is the only region receiving positive contributions from the agricultural sector (by 0.21 percentage points) and negative contributions from the manufacturing sector (by -0.48 percentage points). However, like Balochistan, it receives negative contributions from the services sector (by -0.04 percentage points). Both the export-oriented and non-export manufacturing industries contribute by -0.25 percentage points and -0.23 percentage points, respectively. The negative contributions from the services sector originate only from the 2 export-oriented industries. The positive contributions stem from Sindh’s under-representation in a large number of slower-growing agricultural industries (primarily 2 CrpWheat, 3 CrpCotnPht, 6 CrpOtr, 9 Livestock, and 10 Forestry). The negative contributions arise predominantly from Sindh’s over-representation in most slower-growing highly protected cotton and textile related export industries (in particular, 22 MfCotnCloth, 24 MfMupTxtOtrG, 27 MfGarments, and 25 MfKnitwear) and nearly all the slower-growing non-export manufacturing industries and, to some extent, Sindh’s under-representation in the 2 faster-growing export-oriented services industries.
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