ap lecture #20 foreign policy 1789-1812

8/6/2019 AP Lecture #20 Foreign Policy 1789-1812

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American Foreign Policy - 1789

to 1812I. American Reaction to Fr. Revolution

A. Democratic-Republicans - sympathetic

B. Federalists - opposed Reign of terroras excesses of Democracy; sympathetic

with England.II. Washingtons Proclamation of Neutrality of 1793

A. Did not want to get involved with FrenchRevolution according to Alliance of 1778.


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Democratic Republicans


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Federalist John Adams


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Henry Knox John Jay


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AlexanderHamiltonThomas Jefferson


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B. Treaty of 1778 was no longer valid since

have a Republic now and no longer a

French monarchy.

III. Citizen Genet Affair (1793)

A. French Ambassador to U.S.B. Defying Proclamation by outfitting

privateers in American harbors to raid

British ships in Canada.

C. Washington ordered Genet to stop activities;executed maybe if returned?


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Citizen Genet


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IV. Jay Treaty with Britain (1794-95)A. Britain seizing Am. Merchant ships to keep

supplies from going to France.B. Violation of freedom of the seas and right of

neutral countries to trade with belligerent

countries.C. Impressment of American Sailors

D. British in Old NW territory encouraging

Indians to raid American settlements;

i.e. Battle of Fallen Timbers & GreenvilleTreaty

E. Washington sent John Jay to Britain to settle

issues.


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F. Provisions to Treaty

1. British withdraw troops from NW

2. Settle financial claims between Br. &Americans

G. American Reactions - resentment

1. No freedom of seas2. No pledge from Br.to stop impressment

or halt the seizure of American ships.

3. Br. Merchants benefited since settlers

had to settle claims with loyalists.4. Br. Made few concessions since

they knew Americans would not

go to war with them.


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V. Pinckney Treaty with Spain (1795)A. Jay Treaty alarmed Spain with fear of

Anglo-alliance & threat to seize Spanishterritories-Florida & Louisiana territory.

B. Provisions:

1. Mississippi R. as western boundary2. 31st parallel as southern boundary of

U.S.3. Am. Guaranteed right of deposit at

New Orleans (without paying a tariff)


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VI. Washingtons Farewell Address (1796)- Follow a foreign policy of isolation-

VII. Adam faces difficulties with France (1797-1801)

A. French resented American Foreign policy

1.Jay Treaty2. Neutrality

3. French warships attacking &

seizing American Merchant ships

4. Anti-French Sentiment in U.S.B. XYZ Affair - (1797)

1. Adams seeking peace with France

2. Tallyrand French minister


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3. Millions for defense, but not once cent

for tribute

C. Undeclared Naval Warfare (1798-1800) (Fr.)1. Congress voted for funds to build up a

navy. (In 1798 - Dept of Navy in cabinet)

2. Capture of 100 French Vessels.D. Adams sent a 2nd mission to France to avert

war.

1. 1800 - under direction of Napoleon.

2. Both countries agree to end navalconflicts and to cancel the 1778alliance.


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3. Adams lost popularity with pro-warFederalists, but restored peace!

VIII. Purchase of Louisiana (1803) under JeffersonA. In 1800 Napoleon secretly secured LA

territory from Spain.

B. 1802 - Right of deposit was suspended byFrance enraged Western settlers

C. Louisiana Purchase

1. Robert Livingston and James Monroe

sent to purchase New Orleans;no more than $10M

2. Purchased territory For $15 M


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3. Reasons:

a. Fr. Needed money for war

b. Could not defend territory whileBritish had control of seas.


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IX. Effect of Napoleonic Wars upon the U.S.A. Blockades against British Isles and

against France by each country.B. Trade losses to U.S. caused by British

seizures.

C. Chesapeake-Leopold Affair 1807) in VA1. British demanded to search

American ship Chesapeake

2. Americans refused but British fired

and took off 4 seamen as deserters


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X. Embargo Act (1807-1809)

A. To Avoid war with Britain and France it

prohibited U.S. exports to all foreigncountries.

B. Did not affect belligerent Nations

C. Economic damage to New England states1. Destroyed commerce

2. Widespread unemployment- ship-building and merchants

D. 1809 - Non-Intercourse Act -repealedEmbargo Act


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XI. Madison and Drift to War (1809-12)

A. War Hawks - 1810 elected to Congress

a group of Dem-Rep led by John C.Calhoun of South Carolina &

Henry Clay of Kentucky

B. Reasons for war - acquire Canada andFlorida from British ally, Spain;

impressment; provocation of NA byBritish in Canada.

C. Madison (received politcal Support forreelection) surrendered to war spirit

in 1812 & asked for declaration of war

from Congress.

ap lecture #20 foreign policy 1789-1812

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