ap government political parties chapter 7. what is a political party? a group of political activists...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AP GOVERNMENT
POLITICAL PARTIESChapter 7
![Page 2: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is a political party?
•A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government, and determine public policy.
![Page 3: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
How do PPs differ from Interest Groups?
•IGs do not want to operate government
•IGs sharpen issues (make distinctions) and PPs try to manipulate issues in order to get support
![Page 4: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How do PPs differ from factions?•Factions come before the
PP•Factions are not always
permanent•Factions are smaller•Factions are out to obtain
certain benefits for themselves
![Page 5: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What do political parties do?1. Organize the competition
• Recruit and Nominate candidates
• Register voters• Train candidates • Aid candidates ($)• Organize volunteers
![Page 6: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2. Unify the Electorate• Moderate Conflict by
bringing together different viewpoints under one party
Extreme Liberal Extreme Conservative
![Page 7: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
3. Help Organize Government
• Not as cohesive or “vital” in the US as in Europe
• Committees dictate the issues Congress addresses and committee membership is determined by pp and seniority
![Page 8: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
4. Enact policies and implement campaign promises (effectively changing government with legislation)
• No guarantee that candidates will follow party platform
• Soft Money usually means candidates follow party platform
![Page 9: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
5. Provide opposition to the party that controls the White House or Congress
• Honeymoon period everyone gets along
• The “out” party provides the public with alternatives to the “in” parties policies
![Page 10: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Three Faces of a Party
1. Party-in-the-Electorate•Those who identify
themselves with the party
![Page 11: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2. Party Organization•Formal structure and
leadership•National Convention
•Every 4 years•To nominate a candidate•Party platform (written & ratified)
![Page 12: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
•National Committee -direct party activities for the next four years
•National Chairperson -spokesperson for the party AND Manage national election
![Page 13: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
•State Central Committee – runs the party within the state•Made up of representatives
•Unit Rule – all of a state’s electoral votes are cast for the candidate with the most votes
![Page 14: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
3. Party-in-Government•Elected or appointed
officials from the party
•Ticket splitting – voting for candidates from two or more parties•Prefer divided gov’t•Other issues
![Page 15: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How do parties nominate a candidate?
• Caucus-closed meeting to pick candidate
• Party convention-candidates chosen by party members
• Direct primary-elections to determine candidates (mostly used today!)
![Page 16: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Different types of Primaries:•Open Primaries-any voter
can participate in elections (no matter the party affiliation)•Crossover voting
•Closed Primaries-only voters registered as that party can vote
![Page 17: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Party System
• Know the following terms:•Two-party system•Multiparty system•Presidential system•Parliamentary system•Coalition gov’t•Proportional representation•Winner-take-all system
![Page 18: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Minor Parties
• Third parties• Grouped by ideology • Examples: Anti-Mason, Bull
Moose Party, American Independent Party, Reform Party, Green Party
![Page 19: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
History of Political Parties in the US
• Founding fathers did not support parties
• Not mentioned in Constitution• Federalists v. Democratic-
Republicans• Realigning Elections-turning
points in history that align voters and political agendas
• 1824, 1860, 1896, 1932
![Page 20: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
1824 Jackson and the Democrats• Four Democrat-Republican
candidates• Andrew Jackson won the popular
vote but did not get the majority in the electoral college
• John Q Adams and the “corrupt bargain” with Henry Clay
• 1828 Rematch-Jackson won (Democrat v. National Republican)
• Two-party system established
![Page 21: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1860 Civil War and the Republicans• Crisis of slavery lead to a new
party-the second Republican party (“Grand Old Party” or GOP)
• Abraham Lincoln won• 1860, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 88, 96,
1900, 04, 08 –all Republican victories
• 1884 &1892 –Cleveland’s (D)• The Democrats survived b/c of
strong base of white males in the south
![Page 22: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1896 Repubican Party in Transition• Party does not lose power but
realigns due to the industrial revolution
• Hard times for farmers and miners•United with workers in the East
and Midwest to combat foreign investments in US
![Page 23: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Progressive Era in the Republican Party• 1900-1920• Progressive wing of Republican
Party• Focused on corrupt political parties• Direct primary elections• 17th Amendment (1913) Senators
elected by popular vote• Remained dominate party until the
1930s
![Page 24: AP GOVERNMENT POLITICAL PARTIES Chapter 7. What is a political party? A group of political activists who organize to win elections, operate government,](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c925503460f9494dd1b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
1932 FDR and the New Deal
• difficulty