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    David ntin [ 932]

    RE L EST TE

    while i believe that what im doing depends essentially uponthe event here going here coming here and making

    what my idea of what a poem is or making my idea ofwhat a valuable talk is if thats what poetry is there is a

    life problem a kind of running down of ones life 1 maynot be facing it very gravely now although when i cameto california i started running on the beaches they have

    beaches and you can run on them and i twisted an anklewhile running on the beach and it took a damned long

    time for my ankle to heal and having played football andbaseball at various times in my childhood i always healed very

    quickly and this was the damnably longest healing that ever

    happened to me and i had an image of myself as a 4 yearold pitcher which is not an easy thing to be forty year old

    pitchers have to watch where they put their feet and watchhow they move and be careful that the mound is the right height

    because if they step off too fast they can lose it all that yearand it was then i realized that life is running out somehowi didnt feel grave about it but somehow i had to be careful

    where i put my foot and id never had to be careful where i putmy foot before see up to then i could just put my foot downand if it slammed against the pavement it didnt matter much

    if there was some pain it would be over the next minute or dayand if i got knocked down by something i could get up again

    Sgo

    from Tuning (1984)

    from Douglas Messerli, From the Other Side of the Century

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    D VID NTIN

    but i was beginning to realize that as with a car thereis a limit on how long it can do it

    and so i had the feeling that

    in these pieces where i go out and talk its true that i regardthe pieces s the center yet i still feel that because itsrunning ou t and i dont have time to go all over to do the

    pieces all over the world im not omnipresent in all placestalking to all the people i feel might benefit from hearing me

    talk or that i might want to talk to because i enjoy theidea of talking to people i suppose i thought ill put these

    things in booksbooks are not ideal i dont believe that books

    are ideal forms that is books are imperfect recordingsof transactions tha t occur in real time im here now and im

    trying to make a piece the way artists have probablyalways tried to make real work once and at some point

    ill take an imperfect record of what ive done and it willbe an imperfect record because it will only be a tape recording

    and it will only get some of the effect of being here becausewhat i say to some degree is determined by what you

    think and my sense of it otherwise id have to do anentirely separate berkeleyian ego trip where i wouldtalk about anything independently of who i think you are

    this is not myapproach to poetry i suspect that the approach to poetry

    of poets in their natural habitat which is inperformance and in performance improvisation hasalways been a response to some specific set of urgencies

    that is homer told the story that w y that time wehave only two of those tellings reworked several timesprobably but we only have two of them and who knows

    why he decided to tell us about odysseuses son telemachusfor some reason something tripped him out on telemachus

    while he was taking up odysseuses return that day atthat place maybe he was at a place where it was important

    that he should talk about the island where telemachus went toget advice from an old man maybe some relative of the old

    man was in the audience someone who was in the familyline maybe somebodys son was there and his father

    was gone and homer knew it there is no reason to

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    D VID N T I N

    suppose that these performances were staged so that therecould be comparative literature 134 in which you take up

    the odyssey and the iliad as the two great surviving works of

    all timeits hard to believe that the poet performer was looking

    forward to an infinite posterity preparing you to worryabout a greek aristocracy that had long since vanished it

    seems unlikely it seems more likely that he had somethingto say and that the stories were familiar but the way he told

    them was dependent on some set of accidents like there beingthese people here and

    still there is the book homer

    need have had no respect for books i doubt if homer wouldhave cared about ever being translated by robert fitzgerald say

    and i think robert fitzgerald knows that too i would byno means want to suggest tha t robert fitzgerald is under any

    illusions that he was doing something for homer i dontthink that homer would have cared but we now feel acertain anxiety about being locked in being in a small

    room as it were without telling someone outside the room

    what the room was like maybe because its valuable to knowwhat its like in this small room maybe something happenedvaluably in this small room

    i dont believe in globalism mnot a globalist which is why i dont speak with a rhodesscholar accent or part of the reason in my university

    there are many people who have strange accents that whenim stuck with committee meetings i normally try to analyse

    phonemically and they have very strange phonetic structuresbecause they were exchange students somewhere in england

    once and i recognize iowa under cambridge and i keep sayingthat sounds like iowa but then it sounds like cambridge

    and then it sounds like a fantasy of cambridge and i cantquite get it and then theres a little bit of la jolla mixed in itbecomes an interesting task to dissociate the parts of this accent

    that are a consequence of a belief in some kind of globallyappropriate style

    now the book itself can be considered apackage a kind of care package so to speak right i meani do my talking here and i take my imperfect recording and i

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    D VID N T I N

    tr nscribe it in the hope of finding wh t in it w s the re l thingthe re l ction nd i try to get it into the book in such

    w y th t its still intelligible when it goes into this rect ngul r

    object with covers th t you open like this nd whichis p rtitioned rbitr rily by those things they c ll p gesthere re

    no p ges when i t lk you dont turn nything t ll th tis i turn you turn but we dont turn p ges someone

    doesnt bring down screen in front of me every few minutesnd then let me continue g in

    now the book h s thisproblem but then everything h s its problem t lking lso

    h s its inherent difficulties there is no such thing sperfect medium th ts why they c ll it medium bec use

    its in the middle so to spe k its between it medi testr ns ction nd deflects it

    you st rt out to re ch for somethingth ts under w ter nd your h nd goes to the wrong pl ce

    nd fter while you re lize th t the object under thew ter is differently situ ted th n you would h ve im gined

    it to be i f it were outside the w ter nd under the ir let uss y bec use w ter h s different rel tion to light r ys

    th n ir which you dont re lly think bout nd re goodt re ching through bec use th ts wh t youre lmost lw ysseeing nd re ching through so th t under ir you lmost

    lw ys find it bec use th ts the w y you le rned bout seeingnd re ching where s under w ter its re lly not where you

    think it is bec use th ts where it would be under ir ndits re lly not there but then you re ch g in nd find it

    fter number of trys nd you re lize th t the w ter ismedium s the ir is medium nd the lens of your eye is

    medium well l ngu ge is lso medium th t were t lkingthrough

    nd m ybe there isnt nything but the l ngu ge whenwe think fin lly but theres some sense in which we

    feel ourselves moving tow rd the l ngu ge tow rd thel ngu ge to go through the l ngu ge nd the l ngu ge h s

    its h bits its specific density its index of refr ction nd ic n use the h bits of the l ngu ge i f i know wh t im doing with

    them nd sometimes i get used to them nd i get very

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    expert and i forget theres going to be a crack in the grainsomewhere over there and im going to get stuck with something

    something i dont want because it is the habit of

    the language to divide the world that way in that zoneand its not my inclination to divide the world in quite

    that w y and then ive got troublepoets have always had

    trouble with language anyone who uses it seriously hastrouble with it it goes the way it wants to go because

    of the w y people took it before and im a foreigner in ityoure a foreigner in it do you realize its the one thing

    we all are is that were ll foreigners in the language youknow its very funny to talk about acquisitions of secondary languages

    because nobody comes in speaking the languageyou come into

    the world not speaking it and its their languageand theyve spoken it and you havent spoken anything

    youve been involved in looking in feeling andtouching in transactions with them and all the

    while they keep talking this foreign language

    and graduallyyou take it from them and you get to think of it

    what you get to think of it you may be suspicious ofthe way they use language maybe you think that theyre sayingstrange things that you dont agree with but in order to

    get them to do nice things to behave reasonably youpretend to accept their language and after a while youve

    accepted enough of it to be called a native speaker whichis itself a lie of the language in a real sense there is something

    of a lie in this there is no such thing s a native speakernative would

    suggest that there is such a thing s someone who w s bornspeaking it there is no such person who w s born speaking

    it we are ll born foreigners and its very important toremember that were all foreigners and ll languages are secondary

    to our beingbecause before that there were meaningful

    transactions and we all got involved in them i dont knowwhat it is to be before the language but what i know now

    is that the term 'native speaker has come to seem alien

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    D VID N T I N

    to me again because native doesnt seem to go with speakerit seems to be an odd juxtaposition of two terms that

    are somewhat at odds with each other an exaggeration of asort an over opttmtsttc one that promotes a false

    union that somehow because we are all here now and seem tobe at home here and seem to have been at home here s

    long s we can remember speaking a common language thatwe ll understand it would seem s though we were born

    here speaking one language and we ll share a native currencycould you imagine

    having a native currency coming into the country withits money being born with a supply of its money ts tt

    really that different to be born with dollar bills in yourpockets and thats not trivial you dont have pockets and you

    dont have dollar bills in them look take a dollar billsee it doesnt mean very much at this point but its

    wonderfully formalized the dollar bill has all the great marksof our unity gathered together on it

    it has the numeral oneprinted in all four corners and on both sides it has the

    founding fatherof

    our country in the centerof

    it our firstpresident number one and on the other side the reverseside his place is taken by the word O N E which in case

    you are in any doubt about it is also printed over each of thenumeral ones in the four corners of that same side and it is

    wonderful in its promise of a beginning a new order ofcenturies from out of the many one beginning with one

    and it is all very wonderful s it states unequivocallythat this is legal tender for all debts public and private and

    you may believe this i used to believe it tooi used to

    believe it too i w s an artist in residence at notredame i kept thinking ill be an artist in residence and ill be

    talking to the football team which w s kind of nostalgicfor me but i got there and they had me in this funny motel

    notre dame has a great motel theyre terrific on motelsbecause all the tractor salesmen from duluth come down on saturday

    to watch the football games so they make a lot of moneyon the motel and i w s in the motel and i thought well

    what i ought to do is rent a car because on the weekendi f you dont want to go to the ballgame which i didnt

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    DAVID A N T I N

    really you might want to go see some other part of the countryand i came provided with a fair supply of dollar bills and

    i went to the car rental agency o j simpsons company?

    it was oneof

    those companies the one in whose commercialsthis guy goes running to a car and makes a mad leap to getinto it because he has no time for formalities for some reason

    or other o.j. simpson the man with the heisman trophyout there in the hall goes running to this car but presumably

    he doesnt go there waving dollar bills because if he went therewaving dollar bills they would have said go away o j doesnt

    wave dollar bills he waves credit cards i found out veryfast that i could wave all the dollar bills i wanted to they

    wouldnt rent me the carbut it says here and i read it to

    them i took my dollar bill out of my pocket and i read i tookthis dollar and read this note is legal tender for all debts

    public and private i said how much do you want? illrent your car ill pay you in advance ill give you a deposit

    they said havent you got a credit card from some majorcompany i said not only do i have a credit card from a

    major company i have a credit card from the most majorcompany in the united states the united states becausebasically thats what this country is its a credit card company

    its a credit card company and these are its credit cardsthey said

    no we dont accept those i said you must beunamerican i said this is the biggest credit card company in

    the united states because it is the united states it prints all thismoney they said we dont take it

    so all week long i couldntget away from notre dame except when driven by friendly

    students but i had no way of moving out on my own becausethey didnt accept dollar bills which as i understood it were

    legal tender but they were not legal tender as far as car rentalcompanies went they would not accept payment they

    would not accept deposits they didnt accept these green thingsand i said to

    myself all these years i used to think this was money and ihad an image of money you know i didnt think a lot

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    D VID NTIN

    about money i confess s a kid i didnt really thinkmuch about money at all but money was a kind of solid to me

    when i w s a kid because well because of the w y itspresented you know some of its even very pretty weused to have nickels that had the head of a very beautiful indian

    on one side and a buffalo on the other these two vanishingspecies and they both looked wonderful and i used to

    look with admiration at my nickel i really liked my nickelsi was a little kid jefferson on this one doesnt really

    look very good but i dont have any buffalo nickels leftif you do theyre probably worth more than nickels which

    goes to show you that if money is worth a lot of money it

    goes out of circulation which i believe is called greshamsl w that cheap money drives expensive money out of

    existence the l w meaning that whats cheesy stays inexistence and whats not cheesy you pull away from transactions

    because you dont want to give it upand i liked nickels

    i really did not only because of what they could buyi thought the nickels were really very nice i had a jar

    of buffalo nickels the different years of buffalo nickelsthey went on for a while and i think they pulled them out ofcirculation some time after the second world war buffalo

    nickels vanished and buffalo nickels and indian head nickelsbecame extinct and only were kept in peoples private collections

    but these nickelswere very tangible to me if you took a nickel down to a

    grocery store you could buy two coconut covered marshmallowcandies if thats what you liked and at tha t point i did if

    you took one nickel to the candy store you could trade it fora spaldeen rubber ball with which you could play stickball

    which was very nice because we played a lot of stickballand the spaldeen was considered a very good ball spaldeen

    was the name of the ball or we used to call them spaldeensthough now that i think of it they were probably spaldingsbut in our neighborhood and in our dialect we called

    them spaldeens and these spaldeens were very much

    admired because they were much livelier than other balls andwe used to test them out by dropping them from about shoulder

    height to make sure that they would bounce chest high or at

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    least over your waist because if it only bounced knee high itwas a dead one and then nobody would be able to hit a home

    run and youd wind up with a kind of pitchers duel eventhough you had no pitchers when you played stickball because

    stickball s we played it in the streets of new york was playedwith a stick and a ball and the stick was an old broom stick what

    you used to do was s w off the end of a broom though i nevers w anybody s w one off everybody always seemed to have one

    really they always had these sticks and nobody ever sawedthem off at all somehow they grew sawed off and we

    used to go into the street with our stick and our spaldeenand play stickball which was a game like baseball except

    that you threw the ball up in the air and you hit it on the firstbounce which is why you used to be concerned for the ball

    not to be dead and usually you stood with your stick at homeplate which was one of those sewer lids actually entrances

    to the gas and electrical lines that ran under the citys streetsand placed at about 3 yard intervals so you had the batter

    standing over one sewer lid that w s home plate and youplayed with first second and third basemen no shortstop

    because the streets were so narrow and usually one or twooutfielders and in order to give the outfielders room becausethe streets in brooklyn were so narrow you usually playedup near the end of the street with second base the sewer lidnearest the end of the street so that the outfield could play

    in the T of the intersection and you used to count sewerlids to describe the quality of your hitters and i f you

    were a two sewer hitter you were really very good becauseyou could hi t the ball on the fly across cortelyou road whichwas the name of the broad avenue that intersected with east

    fourth street where we played and if you were a twosewer hitter you could hit it over the head of the one or

    two outfielders who patrolled cortelyou road and i f you werelucky it would sail over their heads and i f they were lucky

    they didnt get hit by the bus that traveled up and down theavenue you had to be very alert s an outfielder because

    you had to field the ball between the buses because

    cortelyou road was a fairly heavily traveled street even in thedays before the smog hit because it was a big street that took

    you down to the major local shopping area on flatbush avenue

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    the others were very narrow little streets and cars came aboutevery half hour so you didnt have to worry about them

    and thats what i used to think was the average rate for cars to

    come through places about once a half hour you wouldsee a car and you got through a lot of innings and

    when a car would come everybodyd walk to the side of thestreet and the car would sort of drift through at about

    ten miles an hour and youd go back to playing stickballnow in those

    days i thought of money s real because the prices of thingswere constant in my experience they were fairly constant

    anyway little houten chocolate bars were two centscoconut covered marshmallows were about that price

    were a nickel spaldeens were a nickel tops were a nickelmay begin to sound like a nostalgia trip but you see

    yoyosthis

    everything in my world it was a childs world w s fairlystable the price structure was stabilized and these

    things that you wanted and used were all objects and thesethings that were money were objects too a nickel a yoyo

    a spaldeen five pennies two marshmallow candies

    one top two houten bars and you could trade them foreach other in regular exchanges five pennies for a nickel

    or a top or a spaldeen the same w y you could trade the spaldeenfor a yoyo or a top or two marshmallow candies or a coke or a

    big puree shooter and it was clear this was moneynowmmy

    family there were people who probably didnt think that wayabout money they must have assumed that money was a

    unit in a capacity to build something that would end up bymaking more of itself they call tha t capital but never

    mind about that there is a threshold effect in piling upmoney you pile up enough of it to become contagiousyou eventually get together a lot of nickels and eventually they

    start reproducing themselves at a certain pointi had no such

    experience of money and no such theory of money s anagent of infectious disease and i only knew money s a set of

    simple and desirable objects you could exchange for otherobjects of equivalent desirability and size like the ration

    tokens we used to get during the war little red ration

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    goo D VID N T I N

    tokens that were smaller than money and you needed them toget various things like meat or butter that you bought during

    the war because meat was rationed and butter was rationed

    things like that but there were people there in my familywho were more disillusioned with money than i w s at

    that time because to me money w s like a brick a yoyoa kite and i thought i understood money

    in those days it costme cents to go to the movies on saturday which is

    ten cents or one dime or two nickels and a penny taxfor kids to go to the movies on saturday and it seemed

    fair enough then it went to cents when it went tocents i just thought i t cost more money that something

    had happened to the movie it didnt occur to me that somethinghad happened to the dime i was not in a positi n to recognize

    that the dime had changed its character because the entirenature of a coinage is to deny that money changes its character

    it is very important to recognize that the beauty of moneythat the great engraving and designing skills normally

    employed in putt ing out money are part of a long tradition

    of making money look stable of making money look likea durable thing

    a nickel looks like a nickel forever it mayeventually not contribute to buying anything at all but it still

    looks like a nickel the dollar looks like a dollar thoughif the dollars appearance were related to its function it would

    have nearly disappeared by now having started at one sizeit would now be but a shred of itself but the image of it is

    unchangednow this image of the constancy of money is very

    much like the image of the constancy of language it seemsto me that there is a relationship between the solidity of

    money and the solidity of the language which is verysimilar the language is also a coinage its a coinage and its

    in circulation people accept it and people modify it but

    all the time people have the illusion that the coinageremains the same and that theyre talking the same language

    they have the illusion because the illusion is fosteredby a kind of nationalism a nation you might say is an

    institution organized to stabilize credit language credit

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    buying credit m ybe its the s me credit n tionhoodis form l celebr tion of the objecthood of l ngu ge ndcredit nd wh t it ttempts to do is to give the ppe r nce

    of regul riz tion to hum n tr ns ctions throughout theculture

    now ll over the country people re buying nd sellingthe s me or seemingly identic l things nd services nd

    notions t wildly v rying prices while lmost everyone isunder the illusion th t these tr ns ctions re more or less

    uniform throughout the culture bec use the n tion l systemof coin ge nd l ngu ge h s provided w y of picturing these

    wildly v rying tr ns ctions th t m kes them look more or

    less uniform by fr ming them within the pp rentlyregul r dimensions of our coins or our words in w y th t is

    most s tisf ctory to the people who m nipul te them mostefficiently

    now there were people in my f mily who couldh ve told me though they never told me very much but

    they could h ve told me th t this st bility w s not likelyfirst of ll i c me from f mily where everybody spoke

    sever l different l ngu ges which m kes the situ tion lookvery unst ble nyw y they spoke russi n nd germ n ndyiddish nd french nd so there we were

    in my household forme to listen to convers tion usu lly me nt th t i h d to

    le rn one other l ngu ge bec use kids h ve very gre tsuspicion th t somebodys s ying something th t theyre not

    supposed to he r the f stest w y to get kids to le rn notherl ngu ge is to gossip in nother l ngu ge nd its m zing

    how f st theyll pick it up bec use they dont w nt to beshut out from the gossip so i went through ll this

    keeping up with my peoples l ngu ges nd it w s lot offun i enjoyed it ll but th t could h ve told me theres

    no telling where you might h ve to go or wh t l ngu ge youmight h ve to spe k th t is s long s you dont h ve

    to go nywhere nd you lw ys st nd still you never h veto t lk ny other l ngu ge bec use youre lw ys in the

    s me pl ce nd everything st ys pret ty much the s me thenickel lw ys st ys the nickel we lth is lw ys we lth

    leg l tender is the s me ll the me nings ttributed tothe coin ge re the s me up nd down the system but

    9 1

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    902 D VID NTIN

    there weremembers of my family who distrusted this they didnt trust

    money at all and there were two passions they developedpassions for land and passions for objects you see there is

    something in the coinage of the language called re lestate you may laugh at the relation between real and

    estate but real means thingy estate you know it isthat estate which is real and doesnt go w y it doesnt

    go w y because it is like the earth the earth stays themoney well whatever happens to the money happens to

    the money butthere was in this family a remote relative and

    he had come the hard way here he had come from russiaafter an abortive revolution in russm m 1905 in which

    hed made the mistake of turn ing a printing press he hadturned this printing press which had printed in ukrainian

    various calls to arms and human dignity or whatever in thename of whatever he had called it because its not clear to me

    what these manifestoes said it seems to me that when therevolutionaries went down to speak to the peasants of the

    ukraine they did not make speeches to them about the rightsthe rights of man they said to them sometimes the tsar is angryat the landlords for taking away the fruits from the lands of his

    people weve had enough of these scoundrelly landlordsand what we need is land for the peasants the peasants who

    understood land very well and had no special ideas aboutfreedom responded rather well to this and gathered together

    to help the tsar rid himself of oppressive landlords and thenfound themselves being attacked by the tsars soldiers forhaving helped the tsar rid himself of these worthless landlords

    something likethat was probably in the manifestoes that were being spread

    down in the south because s lenin said on some otheroccasiOn liberty is bread khleb svoboda i dont

    know it doesnt sound right to me they seem a littledifferent but perhaps there is a relation and he was

    calling attention to a relation as if it were an equation and it

    was an effective analysis for the timehowever it wasnt effective

    for my relation who was promptly put in prison whenthe revolution w s crushed with guns and swords and many of the

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    peasants killed and such of their leaders and assistants sthe tsars forces could find were put in jail from which this

    relative with the help of some money from his friends

    and relations w s able to escape and disappear through thelatvian corridor and he had to take his ukrainian russiangerman yiddish out through latvia get into whatever boat

    he could buy a passage on and go somewhere out of thetsars reach which usually meant going somewhere where

    there was another relative who had gone beforeso these

    refugees were likely to wind up in the united states or in cuba ormexico and this one wound up in argentina and where

    before this he knew about rubles there he was in argentinadealing with argentine pesos and speaking no spanish he

    quickly learned enough spanish to work in a cigar factoryand there he took his previous skills which were odd skillshe was something of an athlete he was a wrestler greco

    roman style which is a form of wrestling i dont know toomuch about except that its sufficiently different from

    most other kinds of wrestling that i feel i should point out that he

    was a wrestler greco roman style and he was now rollingcigars in argentina while his brother who had gotten out

    of russia through the latvian corridor at nearly the sametime for some reason through some connection they

    had apparently collaborated in proving that bread wasfreedom this brother had somehow wound up in the united

    states where he had settled in new york on second avenuethis brother was

    something of an artist he had a knack for a kind of wittycaricature like painting and whimsical wood carvings and this

    brother continued his politicizing for the peasants hehad come to the united states where there were no peasants

    but there were workers the distinction between peasantsand workers is fairly considerable for marxist theory which

    distinguishes between them rather precisely but inrevolutionary practice whoever is ready to revolt becomes a

    revolutionary force and philips artist brother was familiar

    with the adjustment of theory to practice so that on secondavenue he contributed his revolutionary cartoons

    appropriately enough to a newspaper called ie fr ih it

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    freedom which w s concerned with liber ting the workersof the g rment district or the furriers tr de from the bondsnd thr lls of the swe tshops the s me w y he h d previously

    contributed them to the c useof

    l nd reform nd philipsbrother who w s very witty c ric turist received cert inmount of recognition nd ccl im s newsp per rtistnd he even m de cert in mount of money t it

    so he wroteto philip in rgentin who w s me nwhile working in

    cig r f ctory where he w s cquiring whole new set of skillsnd underst ndings bec use in l tin meric n cig r

    f ctories they did not h ve th t tot lly contemptuous rel tionshipto the people who worked there or r ther the people

    who worked in these f ctories did not h ve tot lly contemptuousrel tionship to themselves nd to counter ct the boredom

    of rolling nd p cking cig rs they ordin rily selected one of

    the workers who h ppened to h ve p rticul rly ttr ctivere ding voice to re d loud to them while they worked

    so they would h ve re d to them cerv ntes nd lope de vegnd c lderon nd quevedo nd most of wh t were considered

    the m sterpiecesof

    the sp nish l ngu ge long withwh tever serious modern works fell into their h nds nd seemedppropri te for re ding loud so th t fter they h d been

    there while they h d he rd most of the cl ssic l liter ture ofsp in nd rgentin in this cig r f ctory where philipw s becoming very liter te in sp nish

    but not we lthywhen he received ticket to the united st tes where there

    w s the possibility of becoming we lthy but in englishwhich he didnt know

    fortun tely for him on second venuewhen he rrived there there were m ny other people who

    though they didnt spe k sp nish or even russi n spoke thelingu fr nc of most jewish emigres from middle europe

    yiddish now yiddish is b sic lly rhinel nd germ nicl ngu ge th t pred tes st nd rd germ n being di lect th tw s formed in the rhinel nd in the middle ges by spe kers

    who ppe r to h ve emigr ted from rom nce l ngu ge spe kingcountries p rts of wh t we now think of s fr nce nd

    sp m nd this di lect s it spre d with its community of

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    D VID N T I N

    speakers was populated by hebrew words and then slavic andeventually technical terms from german and whatever else that

    allowed it to serve as this common coinage and philip

    spoke this language as he also spoke russian and polishand ukrainian and now spanish as well but with the

    particular idiosyncrasy and inflection of his background andexperience that is typical of a lingua franca which is a

    common coinage that is exchanged far and wide over a vastterrain by a loosely joined community of talkers who are

    accustomed to making exchanges in several coinages besides theone they may happen to be talking in

    which sometimes leads todifferences of opinion about the equivalences of some of

    the coins they happen to be exchanging differences id oftenobserved among my relatives when they were talking

    differences like the one between two relatives one had beenliving in argentina while the other had been living in the

    united states for many years which didnt really impedetheir conversation because they were speaking in yiddishand not in spanish or english and they were sitting in the

    living room calmly talking till one of them the americanremembered something he had forgotten to do and asked the

    other to wait a moment because he had to go downstairs to attendto something in his store only it happened that he said

    store as i f it was a word of yiddish ikh muss arunter insstore i have to go down to the store) the other was

    puzzled vos eysst a stor (what's a store?) (where you dobusiness) vo muh treybt gesheft ohh ir meynt a bodega (ohh

    you mean a bodega so that it was clear that in the yiddishof the argentine you went down to your bodega while in the

    yiddish of new york you went down to your storeand it was

    situations like this that should have prepared them all theserelations of mine for shifting currencies you would assume

    it that they would have been prepared to handle thesecurrencies somewhat skeptically because they so often

    had to change thembut these people who were so good at

    exchanging languages and currencies d idnt learn the wholelesson they were so good at learning languages they

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    go6 D VID N T I N

    learned them so quickly that they quickly became nativesbecame natives with whatever funny accent they may have

    happened to have because some though not all of them

    spoke each new language with a slightly alien accent that wasa part of the old system of coinage they had so recently left

    so they had whatever funny accents they had but they werealready feeling like native speakers of english because it is

    one of the main functions of speaking a language at all tomake you feel like a native and to make whatever w y you

    speak it seem natural and stable as it is also to make everyother w y o f speaking it strange and everyone who speaks

    it strangely some sort of foreignerand these new natives of

    english these relatives of mine soon felt very good in englishand at home in it s they spoke it but they still had some

    distrust of their country s printed currency t the extent thatthey sensed that if they kept on accumulating this currency for

    any length of time its buying power might suddenly diminishor be extinguished and to the extent they sensed this they

    looked about for other things they could exchange their money

    for that were in some way more valuable more durablemore real than money

    and this astute greco roman wrestlercigar roller with the classical spanish education that he had

    acquired in the cigar factory came to new yorks secondavenue and found employment in the fur business i think

    and managed to make a fair amount of money in factconsiderably more money than his artist brother and because

    he had reasonably frugal habits and nothing in particular tospend this money on he soon acquired a small pile of this

    money and was soon looking about for things that were realerthan this money to exchange it for for some w y of

    realizing this money making it more real than legal tenderand he had a

    passion for the open air for greenery for nature and thiswas a passion he shared with many of the people living in

    the grey brick buildings of second avenue and the artist

    and intellectual world he traveled at the fringes of becausehe was not an artist and he didnt seem to be an intellectual

    either because he was a relatively taciturn man who didnt

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    D VID N T I N

    spe k much to the others bout rt or politics or sp nish liter tureeven nd w s thought to be something of fool

    but he was

    shrewd m n nd p rsimonious the kind of m n doll rsstick to or pesos or rubles nd as he s ved his money

    he observed th t these urb n rtists nd intellectu ls in theirgrey city h d dre m of n ture of things green nd fresh

    nd flowering nd they found their w y somehow to thisn ture up the hudson on the old routes gw nd 7

    north p st the red pple rest over the ferry t newburgh orthrough ny ck to p rt of n ture c lled sulliv n county

    which was somewh t depleted form of the n ture it h donce been n oak nd beech nd chestnut forest mingled

    with spruce nd hemlock nd it h d been logged out for thelumber nd then for t nb rk nd h d then gone to

    f rming with pple orch rds nd d iry f rms nd mongthese f iling f rms they h d found their w y to these

    sm ll things c lled bung lowsbung low i once re d poem

    by p ul elu rd where he s id th t he would never use the

    word bung low in poem i never thought i would use theword bung low in poem either but here it is wh t they used

    to c ll bung low was flimsy wooden sh ck where too m nypeople c mped cheerfully out of love of n ture surrounded

    by number of other such sh cks t the edge of bit of scrubforest

    nd they founded these bung low colonies wherepeople could commune immedi tely nd directly with n ture

    t the edge of this scrub forest in these little pl ceswith kitchens nd bedrooms with screens over the windows

    c lled bung lows which were f irly simple to buildnd since

    he was as skillful with his h nds as t cquiring money philipexch nged some of his money for l nd on which he soon built

    number of these bung lowsnd he sold bung lows

    bec use he h d gr nder view th n bung lows nd as these

    bung lows bec me more expensive more v lu ble inexch nge he exch nged these bung lows for l nd nd

    more l nd lots of l nd not m ny people w nted this l nd

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    D VID N T I N

    now this would never havehappened in this way except for marriage because one

    brother was able to build and the other was able to decorate

    but nobody was able to manage that is nobody was able todeal effectively with money as capital because while philip

    could save what he mainly knew was that land was realwood was real and money well he didnt trust it too

    much and the artist brother wasnt interested in moneyeither he was interested in a life of art and talk and girls

    and food in the midst of nature which gave the place itstone of a socialist intellectual nudist colony up there in western

    sullivan countybut it happened that the artist brother

    in the course of things had an affair with one of the youngwomen who were attracted to this good life up there and this

    particular young woman was not only an attractive woman butshe was also a very clever young woman and very much attracted

    to the liveliness and beauty of the place so that thisaffair lasted a good deal longer than most of the affairs of theartist brother who was something of a one upman in sexual

    matters and could never stay with anyone long once she hadbecome familiar and no longer an object of possible romanticintrigue so that in a way im not entirely sure about

    he finally rejected her like all of the others but since shewas probably as much attracted to the place as to the man she

    never stopped comingand she turned to the other brother

    who was greatly surprised as you might imagine nowoman had ever looked upon him with passion or interest

    unless he had moved in their direction first he was not aconventionally attractive man though he had a noble head

    with a craggy dramatic face and the powerful body of theathlete he had been but he was very broad and thick and

    short like a chunky guard on a professional football teamthough he was maybe a little short for a guard and what he

    looked like most was a small bear and in spite of hisconsiderable classical spanish education and his russian

    and german social political and economic education and hisproven ability to make money he was thought to be dumb

    perhaps thiswas because he never spoke much about these things and

    9 9

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    9 1 D VID NTIN

    when he did he spoke very slowly nd with gre t deliber tionbec use he thought while he w s spe king nd seemed to

    be m king gre t effort to s y no more nd no less th n he

    me nt so th t he often h d to slow down phr ses ndwords while he w s in the middle of them which resulted

    in str nge distortions of emph sis nd pronunci tion th tpeople found l ugh ble or ex sper ting while they w ited

    for him to get on with the convers tion so they thought hew s dumb nd he knew th t they thought so

    but this youngwom n somehow m n ged to convey to him beyond hissusptcwns n tur l s they were th t she w s interestedin him nd they got m rried t which point she lost her

    interest in him immedi tely but she rem ined interestedin the pl ce which she helped to build up in w y th t

    w s beyond their expect tions bec use she w s even moreclever th n she w s ttr ctive nd bec use she w s ttr ctive

    she helped ttr ct m le clientele nd mong th tclientele there w s one quite we lthy m n swe ter

    m nuf cturer with whom she contr cted long li ison

    nd bec useshe w s clever with his help she m n ged to borrow money

    which she quickly invested in buildings with rooms nd morerooms in which they could put more nd more of these

    cultured people who c me to v c tion in the midst of thisn ture now these buildings were not swiss ch lets or wereonly superfici lly decor ted to look like ch lets bec use this

    young wom n h d no p rticul r im ge of how this n tureshould look but she h d p rticul rly good im ge of money

    nd how to use it to m ke much more of it nd unlike thebrothers she knew how to borrow it nd when nd she knew

    how to use it nd when to stop so th t under her m n gementthe pl ce bec me much more prosperous nd more nd more

    of those people c me to sit in their c sino or d nce in it t lkin their dining h lls nd w lk in their woods while

    their children sw m in the swimming pool nd pl yed onthe tennis courts nd these people ll reg rded themselves s

    wh t is c lled the intelligentsi

    who w s doctorhusb nd lso doctor

    people like ros schillerwhod emigr ted from ustri with her

    nd with her sister who lived with

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    DAVID A N T I N

    a small dog in an overstuffed apartment overlooking centralpark south and who w s now in her sixties and still in her

    own eyes and in the eyes of her 7 year old beaus an international

    beauty while rosa lived the intellectual life with herhusband in elizabeth new jersey where they had adjoiningoffices and conducted their separate practices but emerged

    into a common central room a library filled with leathervolumes where they took lunch together and read the agamemnon

    to each other in greek and i had seen this office whichw s in their house fronted by a greenhouse and filled with

    rubber plants and her ancient black and gold instrumentsthat might have been owned by breuer or freud and i could

    imagine her and her long dead husband working all morninglong and then rushing into this central study to read their greekplays and then hurrying back to treat sore throats or exammefailing eyes

    and the place w s filled with people of this typeand this situation went on from year to year till the

    end of the second world war after the second world wara great change took place socially what exactly it w s no

    one w s clear about but all of the people who came upthere were getting older some of the older ones died and

    the younger ones got older and there were fewer and fewernew ones to replace the ones that disappeared because theones who were children there now that they were grown

    never came there first of all because they didnt speak theeuropean languages that gave the place a lot of its charm

    and second they had no great interest in spending their timewith their elders in a place where they had been children

    and had had counselors and where they knew every crack inthe tennis courts and every leak in the porch roof and

    very few new ones ever heard about this place in sullivan countywhere you could hear lectures on sholem aleichem in the

    morning discuss emma goldman or rosa luxembourg at lunchhear chopin ballades in the evening and dance the alexandrovsky

    or the russian two step late into the night because thereservoir from which they drew these people was also

    disappearing s second avenue had dispersed to great neckand new brunswick and new rochelle and though thishappened gradually the number of people coming up

    II

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    9 1 2 DAVID A N T I N

    gr du lly diminished nd the pl ce bec me less nd lessprofit ble

    t one point it h d been very profit ble which is

    not to s y th t it h s lw ys been filled bec use hotels inn ture were filled only p rt of the time but every weekendit h d been filled to overflowing nd bout h lf of thesummer nd the rest of the time there h d still been enough

    people left to give the sense nd provide the income forthriving business nd now less nd less of the summer w sfilled nd filled got to me n something different bec use

    none of the outer buildings w s ever j mmed to c p citynymore nd they never h d to pitch tents on the l wn to

    h ndle the overflow nd the business which h d been veryprofit ble bec me less nd less profit ble

    but the buildingsdidn t go w y you see once youve got buildings theyre

    re l youve got re l buildings the buildings re re lyouve got tennis courts the tennis courts dont go w y gr ss

    grows up in them you still h ve to chlorin te the poolyouve got to rep ir the roof fter e ch winter nd rep int

    the trim nd the buildings they dont go w y but thepeople m y not be there nymore nd this continues

    for period of time nd it comes on b d d ys nd eventu llythe struggle to keep the hotel live just wore them out

    nd the youngwom n who w s now no longer young wom n but still

    clever didnt re lly underst nd this nd h d t ken to drinkingshe dr nk ch mp gne ll d y nd ll night nd the rtist

    brother feeling depressed bec use this pl ce h d beenhis culture center bec use he h d m de lmost ll of his rt

    works there nd there they were on the w lls of this pl ceth t w s dying this rtist brother sickened nd died nd

    there w s gr nd funer l for him to which ll of the writersnd rtists who h d once g thered on second venue c me

    nd hundreds of people c me to this funer l nd to fin lexhibition of his rt th t w s rr nged in g llery to p y

    hom ge to ll the ye rs of his work nd he w s buried

    so the intellectu l center dis ppe red

    philips wife bec me sicknd just t this point

    nd some people s id it w s

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    D VID NTIN

    bec use the rtist brother h d died nd she h d been conductingn ff ir with him ll these ye rs nd now th t he w s de d

    there w s nothing in it for her nymore nd she bec mesomething of n inv lid nd no longer took ny interestin the pl ce nd it continued to run down except for

    philips working on the pl ce const ntly keeping up thebuildings rep iring them bec use he believed in the physic l

    pl ce the buildings nd the l ndit seemed everything

    he h d he threw into the physic l pl nt he h d lw ys m demoney nd he h d m de lot of it from the pl ce so heput gre t qu ntities of it b ck into the pl ce from which he h d

    gotten it nd in spite of the f ct th t it kept runningdown it w s extr ordin rily be utiful in this western corner

    of sulliv n county right ne r the del w re river there w s thisstr nge europe n set of ch let like buildings to whichfewer nd fewer people c me

    though ny new ones who c methere found it exotic nd colorful s i found it wheni h d occ sion to work there one summer s lifegu rd

    nd you could lw ys find someone who h d pl yed chess withl sker sitting on the porch looking over endings or he rrussi n court d nce flo t down through the spruce trees to the

    libr ry where you were pl ying poker with the concert pi nistnd few of the w iters

    now it h ppened th t t bout thistime my wifes mother bec me the m n ger of the pl cet the time when it w s declining but still be utiful nd t

    first it w s job s it h d been when she w s w itressthere in the time of its f ding glory while philips brother nd

    philips wife were still live nd she h d been n ssist ntm n ger s it continued to f de nd on the de th of philips

    wife she bec me the m n ger nd this job bec me somethingmore th n job it bec me p ssion te struggle to keepthe pl ce live nd restore it to its former dignity nd ffluence

    in the teeth of gre t ch nges soci lly th t you couldnt stemit w s going downhill ll the w y

    nd philip encour ged herin this struggle he encour ged her somewh t fin nci lly

    by lending her bits of money to invest in the pl ce nd keep

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    D VID NTIN

    it up but even more by giving her the impression th t hewould fin lly beque the it to her bec use she lso h d love

    for the pl ce for the ide of the pl ce s n institutions look while he h d love for the pl ce

    sphysic l

    t ngible thing nd he w nted it to be in the h nds of someonewho would t ke c re of it nd m int in it s th t thing th t

    he h d known nd loved so he kept sending out sign ls toher th t she would eventu lly cquire the pl ce if she wouldonly t ke dequ te c re of it

    in the me ntime there were heirswho would norm lly h ve inherited the pl ce in the

    beginning hed h d son who would h ve gotten it but the

    son died suddenly nd mysteriously f r w y even whilephilips wife w s still live nd then there w s sister who

    should ordin rily h ve gotten the pl ce except th t she couldntkeep it up nd the pl ce w s in debt in terms of moneythere w s no v lue to the property the pl ce h d used it ll

    up nd w s not only not returning money to the peoplewho h d put it in but w s now t king more money w y from

    them the property h d become kind of pump th t w s

    working in reverse once when it h d been set in motionby the physic l energy of its owners or the stored energy

    of their money it h d pumped money out of the h nds ofof the people who were its customers into the h nds of the

    people who were its owners but now it w s pumping moneyste dily out of the h nds of its owners into the h nds of its

    creditors nd the people who r n it h d to sust in it withmore nd more money so th t if you got this property

    wh t you got w s debt nd mortg ge with secondmortg ge in b nk nd th t me nt th t this pl ce

    re l s it w s swiss ch let in the t ll spruce trees w sdebt owed to two b nks in monticello but none of them

    looked t it th t w y nd in spite of the debt there w sin the f mily gre t concern over who would get the pl ce

    fter philip diednd philip w s long time living

    nd the hotel w s long time losing money e chtime ssisted to continue the next ye r with lo ns from

    philip who lw ys found bit more money to put b ck into

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    it and alwaysplace then

    DAVID ANTIN

    just about enough to keep it alive s aphilip died

    when philip died various people

    who knew him and were related to him or his relativeswere invited to the funeral and philip w s about to be buriednext to his wife bessie these things are always done in

    remote parts of long island they are always buried in somegreen place out in nature where they have real estate

    and these places are way out there on the island and theydrove all the way out to this place after a moderately

    mournful funeral moderate because he w s an old man anda cantankerous figure and not everybody loved him

    and they allgot out there his sister and his wife's brothers and the

    small crowd of close and not so close relatives and a few friendsand they arrived at the place where philip w s to be laid

    in the grave next to bessie and bessies grave w sevacuated there w s no bessie

    cries went up from variousrelatives "theyve dug up bessie " "whats happened to bessie?"

    in the course of the burial no one paid any attention tophilip because everyone w s concerned with the missingbessie bessie w s gone gone bessie but the monument

    over the tomb "here rests the loyal husband the loyalwife true in death s they were in life" and no bessie

    only philipfor weeks this scandal w s a great mystery so

    great a mystery that most of the relatives and acquaintancespaid little attention to philips will it went relatively

    unnoticed that he had bequeathed the worthless hotel to hissister who w s too old to run it and trivial amounts of

    money to various predictable relatives while everyone w sastonished that nothing was said in it of the whereaboutsof bessie

    some people had theories they said "well shedidn t sleep with him while he w s alive he didnt want her

    to sleep with him when he w s dead" but nobody could

    find out they went to the cemetery people the cemeterypeople checked their records and found that in fact philip

    had delegated someone to come and dig up bessie but what

    915

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