anti-seismic devices castellano - siler

SILER ProjectTraining course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors

23/05/2011

M.Gabriella CastellanoFIP Industriale spa

AntiAnti--seismic devicesseismic devices

M.Gabriella CastellanoM.Gabriella Castellano

Research and Development DepartmentResearch and Development Department

SILER Project - Training course on seismic protection of lead-cooled reactors

Classification according to European Standard on Antiseismic device, EN15129

High damping rubber bearingsHigh damping rubber bearings

• ξξξξ = = = = 10 ÷ 15 %

-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

¬¬¬¬

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

Fo

rza

2 H [k

N]

FIP manufactured more than 7200 HDRB for seismic isolation of civil structures

For nuclear applications: prequalification by Cogema/Areva for isolators for Usine Georges Besse II, France


SI-S 800/162 type test

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

γγγγ

Gdi

n(γ)

/ (γ

) /

(γ)

/ (γ

) / G

din(

γ=1)

(γ=1

)(γ

=1)

(γ=1

)

-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

¬¬¬¬

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

Fo

rza

2H [

kN]


Shear modulus vs. shear strain (f=0.5 Hz)

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

γγγγ

ξ(γ)

/ ξ(

γ=1)

ξ(γ)

/ ξ(

γ=1)

ξ(γ)

/ ξ(

γ=1)

ξ(γ)

/ ξ(

γ=1)

-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

¬¬¬¬

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

For

za 2

H [k

N]


Equivalent viscous damping vs. shear strain (f=0.5 Hz)


23/05/2011


HDRB testsHDRB tests

SI-S 1150/352

Test at d=660 mm

HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS((IInternational nternational RReactor eactor IInnovative and nnovative and SSecure)ecure)

• Medium size (335 MWe) reactor, International project coordinated by Westinghouse

• Design of the isolation system of the Nuclear Steam Supplier System made by ENEA, Politecnico of Milan & University of Pisa

• fi=0.7 Hz

• PGA=0.3 g

• Displacement 100 mm

• 99 elastomeric isolators (HDRB)Dia. 1000 & 1300 mm, G=1.4 MPa, total rubber height 100 mm (100 % shear strain)

-12

-9

-6

-3

0

3

6

9

12

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Time (s)

Acc

eler

atio

n (m

/s2 )

ROOF (fixed base)

GROUND (~ Vessel)

ISOLATED BUILDING

• 6 prototypes: 1:2 scale of Dia. 1000 mm isolators;

500 mm diameter (1st step; full scale tests will be

carried out in the 2nd step)

• Characterization tests (compression,

compression–shear, quasi-static, dynamic,

up to 1.5 Hz, up to s.s. 150 %)

• Failure tests:

- in compression

- in shear (+compression)

HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRISType (qualification) tests on isolatorsType (qualification) tests on isolators • Dynamic tests

• f=0.7 Hz, increasing amplitudes (shear strain ± 5%, ± 10%, ± 20%, ± 50%, ± 100% and ± 150%)

• f= 0.1, 0.5, 1,1.5 Hz, s.s. 100%

• CESI laboratory

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60

Displacement [mm]

For

ce [k

N]

5% S. S.

10% S.S.

20% S.S.

50% S.S.

100% S.S.

HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRIS

• Failure tests in shear-compression

• 2 isolators tested in double-shear configuration: NO DAMAGE up to shear strain 350 %

• 1 isolator tested in single-shear configuration: failure at about 380 % s.s. (≈ 3.8 times the design value)


the operational capacity of the isolator (i.e. ability to sustain vertical and horizontal loads) is guaranteed even after an important damage

repetition of test at ± 100% s.s. after failure in shear:reduction of stiffness



23/05/2011


• failure test in compression on 500 mm Dia. prototype, 1:2 scale of Dia. 1000 mm isolators designed for Nuclear Steam Supplier System of IRIS reactor;

• failure at 45444 kN (251 MPa), ≈ 23 times the design vertical load

HDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB testing campaign for IRISHDRB HDRB applicationsapplications

HDRB HDRB applicationsapplications

Snap back tests on a building isolated with HDRBSnap back tests on a building isolated with HDRB

Displacement 130 mm

Lead rubber bearingsLead rubber bearings

• ξξξξ = = = = 20 ÷ 30 %


23/05/2011


Type test on full scale isolators (Dia. 1100 mm) f=0.208 Hz, amplitude ± 324 mm (s.s.123 %)

Lead rubber bearingsLead rubber bearings

Curved Surface SlidersCurved Surface Sliders

µ+⋅π=

XRg

T11

2The period does not depend upon the mass

Working Principle

similar to a Pendulum

+µ

⋅π

=ξ

µ+⋅=

1R

X12

XR

1WK

e

e

ξe up to ≈ 30 %

-800

0

800

-400 0 400

Spostamento [mm]

For

za [

kN]

Curved Surface SlidersCurved Surface SlidersFIP series FIP-D series

Double Concave Curved Surface Sliders

Curved Surface Sliders Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP(FIP & FIP--D series)D series)

First type tests on 2008 at EUCENTRE Lab. in ItalySingle and Double Concave CSS, European Standard EN15129 Vertical load 7000 kN÷10000 kN

V = 7000 kN

f = 0.31 Hz

Vmax = 0.67 m/s

d = ± 340 mm

FIP-D 300/520 (4000) - Collaudo d'Accettazione

-100 -50 0 50 100

Spostamento [mm]

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

2000

Fo

rza

Ori

zzo

ntal

e 6H

[kN

]

Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP-D series)


23/05/2011


Curved Surface Sliders (FIP & FIP-D series)

R

WK r = Multidirectional Type Tests at University of California

at San Diego, Caltrans SRMD Laboratory

Multidirectional TestsMultidirectional Testsat UCSDat UCSDFIP-D 300/520 (4000)of the lot of isolators manufactured for the C.A.S.E. Project

Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)Applied displacement (clover leaf path)

Measured diagonal force vs diagonal

displacement

Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)

FIPFIP--D300D300--520(4000)_Type1_CL.avi520(4000)_Type1_CL.avi

Multidirectional Tests at UCSD (CA-USA)Applied displacement time-histories (from records on April 6, 2009)

Axis X Axis Y

Trajectory on the X-Y

plane


FIPFIP--D300D300--520(4000)_Type1_W2000_EQ1.avi520(4000)_Type1_W2000_EQ1.avi


23/05/2011



Axis X Axis Y

Measured horizontal forces

Measured diagonal force vs diagonal

displacement

CSS applicationsCSS applications

CSS applicationsCSS applications CSS applicationsCSS applications

CSS applicationsCSS applications


23/05/2011


Steel hysteretic Steel hysteretic dampersdampers

Tapered pindissipating element

Steel hysteretic dampersSteel hysteretic dampers

Double taperedpin dissipating element

Crescent moon elements

Steel hysteretic dampersSteel hysteretic dampers

BUTTERFLY shaped

dampers

Steel hysteretic dampers

Flat sliders with steel hysteretic dampers


23/05/2011


Flat sliders with steel hysteretic dampers

Flat sliders with steel hysteretic

dampers

Chirag 1 Oil Platform (Retrofit), Chirag 1 Oil Platform (Retrofit), AzerbaijanAzerbaijan

Chirag 1 Oil PlatformChirag 1 Oil Platform

Flat surface sliders with steel hysteretic dampers (crescent moon elements)

Viscous dampersViscous dampers


23/05/2011


F = C vα

α = 0.15

Force vs. Velocity

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260Velocity [mm/s]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Loa

d [k

N]

T= 40 °C

T= -25 °C

Design Constitutive Law

Lower Bound Limit (-15%)

Upper bound Limit (+15%)

OTP 50/300

Performance Verification / Constant Velocity Test

F= 219.75*V0.15

Viscous dampersViscous dampers ViscousViscousdampersdampers

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100

Stroke [mm]

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

Load

[kN

]

Force vs. displacement

TimeTime--history dynamic testhistory dynamic test RionRion--Antirion Main Bridge, Antirion Main Bridge, Grecia

Type tests at UCSD5 cycles; d = ± 300 mm; velocity = 800 mm/s

Rion-Antirion Link, Greece RionRion--Antirion Main BridgeAntirion Main Bridge


23/05/2011


RionRion--Antirion Main BridgeAntirion Main Bridge

Achalia-Ilia Earthquake of June 8, 2008 Mw=6.5

Epicenter 36 km from the bridge PGA at Rion bank 0.127 g

The earthquake at pier 2

Taipei 101, Taiwan

•• 8 viscous dampers for the Tuned Mass Damper 8 viscous dampers for the Tuned Mass Damper

•• F=CvF=Cv22 (0(0÷÷1 m/s); F=Cv1 m/s); F=Cv0.10.1 (1(1÷÷2.3 m/s) 2.3 m/s)

•• F=1000 kNF=1000 kN

•• s=s=±±750 mm750 mm

Taipei 101, Taiwan Taipei 101, Taiwan

Courtesy of Motioneering

Taipei 101 - VDs during a Typhoon

Courtesy of Motioneering


23/05/2011


Shock Transmission UnitsShock Transmission Units

•• Accommodate low velocity displacements (due to Accommodate low velocity displacements (due to

thermal contraction/expansion) with a very low thermal contraction/expansion) with a very low

reaction (reaction (≤≤ 10 % F10 % Fmaxmax));;

•• Prevent high velocity displacements due to events Prevent high velocity displacements due to events

of sudden onset (earthquakes, sudden bracking of sudden onset (earthquakes, sudden bracking

actions), thus acting as fixed connection during actions), thus acting as fixed connection during

dynamic actions.dynamic actions.

Temporary lock up devices able to:

Shock Transmission Units

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Displacement [mm]

-300

-240

-180

-120

-60

0

60

120

180

240

300

Load

[kN

]

Frequency 4 Hz

Force ≅ 240 kN

Dynamic behaviour

Sinusoidal test with imposed force

Model: high stiffness spring

K ≅ Fmax/5% x displ.

n. 4 STUs

F=5000 kN, d = ± 1100 mm

Storebælt Bridge, Denmark

STU applicationsSTU applications

Stonecutters Bridge -Hong Kong

n. 8 STUs

F = 8000 kNd = ± 400 mm

STU applicationsSTU applications

44 44

Stonecutters Bridge - Hong Kong

STU STU applicationsapplications

Stonecutters Bridge - Hong Kong

STU STU applicationsapplications


23/05/2011


STU applications in buildingsSTU applications in buildings

Thank you !

anti-seismic devices castellano - siler

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