antenna_systems_for_nokia ultrasite

Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite Product Overview

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en

© Nokia Networks Oy

1 (34)

Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for the use of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation.

The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Networks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document.

Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it.

This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according to the applicable laws.

NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.

Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright © Nokia Networks Oy 2001. All rights reserved.

2 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy

DN99578061Issue 6-0 en

Contents

Contents

1 About this document..................................................................6

2 Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite...............7 2.1 Antenna line without a Masthead Amplifier...................................7 2.2 Antenna line with a Masthead Amplifier........................................9

3 Features.....................................................................................10 3.1 Concurrent roll-out ......................................................................10 3.2 Modular design ...........................................................................10 3.3 New choices for site locations ....................................................11 3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite......................................................11 3.5 Co-siting......................................................................................11 3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs ....................................................12 3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA ...............................................................13 3.6 Customer benefits.......................................................................13 3.6.1 Cross-polarized antennas...........................................................13 3.6.2 Dual band antennas....................................................................13 3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier ......................................................14

4 Examples of applications and configurations .......................15 4.1 Typical urban GSM/EDGE site ...................................................15 4.2 Typical urban GSM/EDGE dual band site ..................................16 4.3 Typical urban GSM/EDGE co-site ..............................................17 4.4 Typical suburban GSM/EDGE site .............................................18 4.5 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 1 ..................................................19 4.6 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 2 ..................................................20 4.7 Typical GSM/EDGE road site .....................................................21 4.8 Urban WCDMA site ....................................................................22 4.9 Urban WCDMA site with Smart Radio Concept..........................23 4.10 WCDMA/GSM co-site .................................................................24

5 Management..............................................................................25

6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System.......................................................................................26

6.1 Antennas.....................................................................................26 6.2 Masthead Amplifiers ...................................................................26 6.3 Feeders.......................................................................................27 6.4 Antenna line components ...........................................................27 6.5 Options .......................................................................................28

7 Technical Specifications..........................................................29 7.1 Antennas.....................................................................................29 7.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900

networks .....................................................................................29

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


3 (34)


7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks ................................................ 30 7.2 Masthead Amplifiers .................................................................. 31

7.2.2 MHA for WCDMA networks ....................................................... 32 7.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks ........................................................... 31

7.3 Feeders and clamps .................................................................. 33 7.4 Antenna line components .......................................................... 33 7.5 Options....................................................................................... 34

Glossary ................................................................................................... 35



Summary of changes

Summary of changes

Version: Date: Author: Notes:

1.0 05 Oct 99 N. T. Thomas Issue 1.

2.0 16 Jan 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 2. Incorporation of minor changes

2.0.1 31 May 00 J. Hintsala Issue 2. Draft 1. Changes as per J. Hintsala

2.0.2 30 Jun 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 2. Draft 2. To include different MHA drawings

3.0 11 Jul 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 3.

4.0 20 Jan 01 T.N. Williams Issue 4.

5.0 05 Oct 01 Peter Berghäll Issue 5. Update

6.0_____

7.0_____

10 Dec 01_________

30 May 02________

Peter Berghäll___

Peter Berghäll___

Issue 6. Update____________________

Issue 7. Update____________________

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


5 (34)


1 About this document This document, Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite, is an overview and contains the following information:

• an introduction to the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in chapter 2

• the features of the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in chapter 3

• examples of applications and configurations in chapter 4

• the product structure of the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in chapter 5

• technical specifications in chapter 6.

This document is primarily intended to provide basic information relating to upgrades of Talk Family GSM base station sites to UltraSite base station sites. Upgrades to UltraSite WCDMA base station sites are mentioned, but the reader is referred to The UltraSite WCDMA Antenna System product overview for a more detailed discussion.

For more detailed information on the Nokia UltraSite macrocellular solution and related products, see the Nokia UltraSite Solution Description and the product overviews for the Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS, Nokia FlexiHopper microwave radio and Nokia UltraSite support. The Nokia UltraSite solution incorporates GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA.



Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite

2 Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite

Growth of mobile penetration and industrial change towards data and multimedia increases the challenges of macro-cellular solutions. There is a continuous need for high-density traffic and transmission capabilities in addition to support for the ongoing data evolution. A concurrent need for capacity and quality improvements raise ever-increasing demands for network operations. Cellular operators are responding to these demands by providing high-capacity sites. The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is designed for serving these demands.

The Nokia Antenna System including the Nokia UltraSite Masthead Amplifier (MHA) are specially designed and tested, and are ideal for use with Nokia UltraSite Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). The MHAs are a part of the Nokia antenna system and together with the BTS, form an integral part of Nokia built GSM, EDGE and WCDMA networks. The same antenna system components are used in GSM and EDGE sites, but for WCDMA sites, some WCDMA specific components are required.

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is a state-of-the-art solution for Nokia UltraSite applications, from low-capacity road sites to high-capacity urban sites. It represents the latest technology where special requirements of high-quality macrocellular sites are fulfilled. Due to modularity, the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is an extremely flexible design.

2.1 Antenna system without a Masthead Amplifier

The purpose of the antenna system is to distribute the RF signal from the BTS to the surrounding atmosphere with a minimum of losses. Each component in the antenna system is thoroughly tested, first individually, then as part of the system. High contact pressure in the contacts minimizes intermodulation products and ensures mechanical stability. All metallic components, connectors and installation hardware are made of corrosion resistant materials. The insulating materials are UV resistant and can withstand most types of air pollution.

Figure 1 shows an antenna system without an MHA. The significance of the numbers is as follows:

Item Description

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


7 (34)


1 The antennas can be either vertically polarized or cross-polarized and they can be directional or omni-directional.

2 The jumper cable is a flexible low loss cable (1/2") which is used at the ends of the feeder. It protects the connectors from the forces caused by the feeder cable. Jumpers are IP68 classified.

3 The inner conductors of the 7/16 connector are made of silver plated brass or a special grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.

4 The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded as a protection against lightning.

5 The RF-feeder is corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes, i.e. 1/2”, 7/8” and 1 5/8”, depending on the height of the mast and the desired attenuation.

6 Cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and they are easy and quick to install. Design of the feeder clamps prevents over tightening which could deform the cable.

7 A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning and over voltage that may occur down the antenna line.

8 The wall feed through kit facilitates the connection of the feeders to the inside of a building without the ingress of water.

IndoorO utdoor

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

238

4

Figure 1. Antenna system without an MHA



Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite

2.2 Antenna system with a Masthead Amplifier

Figure 2 shows an antenna system with an MHA system. The numbers 9, 10 and 11 in the figure are identified as follows:

Item Description

9 The Nokia MHA is used to compensate cable losses between the BTS and the antenna and, thus, prevent the imbalance between the downlink and the uplink.

10 An extra jumper cable needs to be added. The jumper cable is a ½” jumper with 7/16 male/male connectors.

11 The BiasTee, with or without VSWR monitoring, supplies the MHA with a DC voltage from the BTS.

IndoorOutdoor

1

10

3

4

5

6

11

238

9

2

4

Figure 2. Antenna system with MHA

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


9 (34)


3 Features The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite has many features that contribute to its flexibility and usage. The following sections describe the many qualities relating to the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite.

All the features described provide a customer with a cost-effective network, optimum cellular coverage and aesthetic qualities.

3.1 Concurrent roll-out

One complete solution is the safest and most economical. When building a complete site that is designed as a system, the result is less complicated and more efficient to implement and to operate. There are less co-ordination problems, fewer misunderstandings, less elements and a common interface for roll-out. The one solution method reduces the time span of roll-out, i.e. operation of the site can be implemented sooner.

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite and other elements of a BTS site have common logistics and can, therefore, be implemented together. Common logistics also enable optimised inventory and, therefore, release capital for service creation.

Time-to-market is critical, particularity in dense urban areas where roll-out is more challenging due to itemised regulations. Fast roll-out creates less interference to the surrounding community and, therefore, eases necessary permits.

The Antenna line products are linked to Planning Services. The Planning Service provides advice about antenna selections and planning of the radio network. In addition, Implementation Services gives advice about the installation and the equipment required.

3.2 Modular design

Modularity means flexibility when fitting antenna systems to different sites. The modular product structure consists of standard building blocks and kits for standard solutions. Also, site installation is made easy and expedient because of the modular design.



Features

The use of standard building blocks and kits facilitates expansion and upgrading of existing BTS sites. Also the design of the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite took into account the easy expandability and upgrading for future requirements, which modularity allows.

3.3 New choices for site locations

The antennas are designed to make site acquisition easier and faster.

Use of cross-polarized and dual band or triple band antennas has an impact on operational expenditure by minimising site rental costs and the number of antenna feeders.

A co-ordinated design with the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite gives an aesthetic appearance and eases acceptance by site owners by reducing visual pollution.

3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is designed for supporting Nokia UltraSite base station solutions.

Integrated diplexer units in the GSM BTS and dual band antennas are a compact solution, minimizing the number of antenna feeders required. External diplexers or triplexers can be used to combine GSM/WCDMA systems into the same antenna line.

Nokia UltraSite MHAs are an integral element of a site and use BiasTees (one/MHA) installed in the BTS for their power supply and an optional VSWR monitoring (of the antenna line). The BiasTee for use with WCDMA systems has VSWR monitoring as a standard feature. Operation of the MHAs can be monitored through the Network Management System (NMS).

Tested compatibility of each building block to the whole system ensures a risk-free alternative for an operator.

3.5 Co-siting

Existing antennas and antenna lines can be utilized to some extent when a Nokia UltraSite is built in an existing site. This minimizes investment costs and makes the installation much easier and faster.

The antenna system can be shared either fully or partially based on the intended configuration and existing antenna scheme. Sharing the existing antennas and feeders depends on how they are utilized by the existing system. Utilizing existing facilities makes the network expansion feasible and cost effective.

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


11 (34)


If antenna line losses are the main concern, the best solution is to install new antennas and antenna lines. In this case, there are no added losses (combiners; diplexers) to the antenna line.

3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs

If a Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is built in an existing Talk-family BTS site, there are various possibilities to utilize common antenna lines.

3.5.1.1 No-diversity solution Sharing the existing antennas and feeders depends on the way the Talk-family BTS uses them. If they are all used for transmitting by the Talk-family BTS and if no new antennas can be introduced, then the only way to share the antennas and feeders is to do external hybrid combining before sending the signals to the feeders. The disadvantage of this is the reduced output power caused by the extra combining.

3.5.1.2 Diversity solution In cases where the Talk-family BTS uses only some of the antennas for transmitting, the diversity branch can be used for transmitting by Nokia UltraSite GSM BTSs and the receiver diversity information can be exchanged between the BTSs using a separate cable set.

The diversity branch cabling, as well as the different gains of the diversity paths coming from the other cabinet, degrade the diversity receiver sensitivity.

3.5.1.3 MHA solution Use of MHAs is in single band case is possible only if Talk and UltraSite GSM BTSs have their own antenna lines and antennas. Talk family MHAs can also be connected to the UltraSite BTS, but because current consumption of the MHAs is different, the UltraSite BTS has to be configured so that it can monitor Talk MHA currents. This is done when commissioning the BTS. Also, the gain of an UltraSite BTS duplexer unit has to be adjusted so that it is suitable for the Talk family MHA. Because UltraSite MHAs have more gain than Talk family MHAs, they cannot be connected to the Talk BTS.

3.5.1.4 GSM dual band solution If the Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is used to provide dual band capability to an existing single band Talk family site, the difference compared to a pure single band case is that only the antennas need to be changed to dual band antennas which have integrated diplexers. Using one dual band cross-polarized antenna per sector saves antenna installation space. Existing 900 MHz antennas can be utilized if new 1800 MHz antennas can be installed.

If a dual band sector is built within the UltraSite BTS, employment of integrated dual band duplex units in the Nokia UltraSite BTS allows sharing of the feeders. If the existing 900 MHz Talk BTS is expanded with the 1800 MHz UltraSite BTS, external diplexers have to be used in the BTS end of the antenna line in order to minimize the number of antenna feeders.



Features

3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA

Dual band antennas for GSM 900 / WCDMA and for GSM 1800 / WCDMA and triple band antennas for GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA makes antenna sharing possible. Antenna line sharing can be implemented by installing Nokia diplexers or triplexers at the top and bottom of the antenna feeder.

3.6 Customer benefits

Increased macro-cellular capacity and quality are achieved using the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite. The diversity of antenna construction and the addition of an MHA system to the antenna line facilitate this feature.

Uplink imbalances and losses between the BTS and antenna are considerably reduced by the MHA system.

3.6.1 Cross-polarized antennas

Cross-polarized antennas are required when polarization diversity is used instead of spatial diversity. The advantage of polarization diversity is that site acquisition is easier and installation is faster. The antennas of one site can be installed around one small tube instead of a support structure needed to create the necessary spatial separation for diversity. Only one physical antenna radome is required per cell although it has two separate arrays that have their own connectors. The environmental impact is improved by using cross-polarization antennas.

The efficiency of polarization diversity is nearly the same as that of spatial diversity in an urban environment. In a rural environment it may be slightly less compatible. Nevertheless, the benefits justify the slightly weaker performance.

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is provided with a diverse range of antennas that provide the customer with a number of advantages. The antennas are listed in section 7.1.

3.6.2 Dual band antennas

Dual band cross-polarized antennas are used in dual band BTSs instead of separate antennas. Only one physical antenna is required per cell although it has two separate cross-polarized arrays for both bands having their own connectors. This gives logistical and reliability advantages.

The advantages of dual band antennas are reduced visual impact, minimised site rental costs, easy site installation and easier and faster site acquisition.

GSM dual band antennas are also available with integrated diplexers. Use of diplexers reduces the number of feeder cables because both bands can use the same feeder.

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


13 (34)


The use of dual band antennas at the onset of constructing a single band site ensures easy upgrading at a later date.

3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier

The Nokia MHA system solution is highly recommended to be used with a Nokia UltraSite BTS.

Some of the benefits of using the Nokia MHA are due to the fact that the cell sizes can be extended. This means that fewer BTSs are needed in the network to acquire the same coverage, thereby providing cost savings for the operator in coverage limited areas. It also provides a larger receiver coverage area to mobile phone users.

Uplink imbalance is caused by improvements in handset technology where the receiving performance is not matched to the transmitting performance and the relatively high transmit power of the BTS. To prevent this uplink imbalance, the Nokia MHA is used for increasing the BTS receiving cell size in the uplink direction.

The MHA compensates for antenna line losses between the Rx antenna and the front end of the BTS receiver. Using an MHA improves the noise figure of the system. A lower noise figure is achieved, which ensures better sensitivity, thus increasing network quality.

An MHA can be used on both the main (transmitting/receiving) antenna and the diversity (receiving) antenna.

EMP protection of the antenna line is provided by the BiasTee; no additional EMP protection devices are needed.



Examples of applications and configurations

4 Examples of applications and configurations

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite provides an affordable antenna system for all Nokia UltraSite applications.

4.1 Typical urban GSM/EDGE site

A capacity solution for outdoor ‘rooftop’ urban sites, this three-sector BTS includes 4+4+4 transceivers with wide band combining (4:1) and offers a flexible evolution path from small configurations to large capacities. The use of 2-way diversity means two feeders and one X-polarized antenna per sector.

TX/RX ant.RX div ant.

Antenna

BTSEMP

Figure 3. Capacity solution for outdoor 'rooftop' urban sites

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


15 (34)


4.2 Typical urban GSM/EDGE dual band site

This capacity solution is for indoor urban sites. High traffic capacity for voice and data is configured with two bands in a three-sector BTS, which includes 8+8+8 / 4+4+4 transceivers with wide band combining (4:1, 2:1). Integrated diplexers in the BTS allow use of common antenna feeder cables for both bands. Two dual band XX-polarized antennas with integrated diplexers per sector are needed.

BTSdiplexer

TX/RX ant. for 900/1800RX div ant. for 900/18000

DualbandAntenna

TX/RX ant. for 900/1800RX div ant. for 900/18000

DualbandAntenna

Figure 4. Capacity solution for indoor urban sites




4.3 Typical urban GSM/EDGE co-site

The capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites, this three-sector BTS includes existing 2+2+2 transceivers (2:1 combining) and is upgraded with new 2+2+2 transceivers with wide band combining (2:1).

UltraSite BTS

DUxx

WCxTRX1

TRX2M2xA

1. sector

Talk BTS

Antenna

AFE TRX1 TRX2

1. sector

2+2+2 900 AFE Talk extended with2+2+2 900 WBC UltraSite, 2-way diversity

Figure 5. Capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


17 (34)


4.4 Typical suburban GSM/EDGE site

The outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites provides a large coverage area and high capacity. This is provided by a three-sector BTS, which includes 6+6+6 transceivers with RTC combining (6:1) and 2-way diversity. Only one cross-polarized antenna and two Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector are required.

TX/RX ant.

RX div ant.

Antenna

BTS

BiasT

MHA MHA

Figure 6. Outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites




4.5 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 1

This coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites utilizes a three-sector BTS that includes 2+2+2 transceivers with by-pass combining and 2-way diversity. High output power (28 W) ensures a large coverage area, thereby reducing the number of sites required. The number of antennas is minimised using cross-polarized antennas. This solution gives low visual impact. Two Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector are used to compensate losses of long feeder cables, which are typical for rural sites.

TX/RX ant.

RX div ant.

Antenna

BTS

BiasT

MHA MHA

Figure 7. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites – site 1

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


19 (34)


4.6 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 2

This coverage solution for outdoor 'greenfield' rural sites utilizes a three-sector BTS that includes 1+1+1 transceivers with by-pass combining and 2-way diversity.

TX/RX ant.RX div ant.

Antenna

BTSEMP

Figure 8. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites – site 2




4.7 Typical GSM/EDGE road site

A coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ road sites, this two-sector BTS includes 1+1 transceivers with by-pass combining. High output power (28 W) and greatly increased sensitivity with Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) means a large coverage area and less sites in a network. An MHA extends the uplink coverage in a large cell. If 4-way diversity (combination of space and polarization diversity) is used, four feeders, two cross-polarized antennas or XX-pol 2-multiband antennas (1800/1900/WCDMA) and MHAs for both sectors are needed.

TX/RX ant.

RX div ant.

Antenna

MHA

BTSBiasT

RX div ant.

RX div ant.

Antenna

MHA MHA MHA

Figure 9. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ road sites

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


21 (34)


4.8 Urban WCDMA site

The amount of bandwidth available for the operator has a direct impact on the site configurations to be used. The typical urban site has three sectors with 1 to 4 carriers or six sectors with 1 to 2 carriers. Because of the improved system noise figure and uplink sensitivity, the use of MHAs is always recommended.

Antenna

MHA MHAWCDMA MHA with12 dB fixed gain

Bias Tee with MHA controland BTS VSWR sensing

3-sector site:Antennas 3 pcsMHAs 6 pcsFeeder Lines 6 pcs

6-sector site:Antennas 6 pcsMHAs 12 pcsFeeder lines 12 pcs

3-sector: WCDMA X-pol, 65 o

6-sector: WCDMA X-pol, 33 o

rks Oy

Figure 10. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site

22 (34) © Nokia Netwo



4.9 Urban WCDMA site with Smart Radio Concept

The performance of a three-sector WCDMA site can be enhanced by the use of Smart Radio Concept (SRC). SRC means coverage improvement by the use of 4-way diversity and capacity increase by the use of downlink diversity. The use of SRC requires 4 separate feeder lines for each sector. The antenna solution can be either two cross-polarized antennas or the Nokia Smart Radio Concept antenna, where four dipoles are contained within the same radome.

MHAMHA

MHAMHA

Bias Tees with MHA controland VSWR sensing

WCDMA BTS

20 -150 cm

3-sector site with SRC:Antennas 6pcs (X-pol.)MHAs 12 pcsFeeder lines 12 pcs

Antenna lines in one sector:Antenna line 1: Tx1, Tx2 div, Rx1, Rx2 div2Antenna line 2: Rx1 div1, Rx2 div3Antenna line 3: Tx2, Tx1 div, Rx2, Rx1 div2Antenna line 4: Rx2 div1, Rx1 div3

WCDMA X-pol, 65 deg. Antennas

Figure 11. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site with SRC

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


23 (34)


4.10 WCDMA/GSM co-site

In this configuration example, three networks (GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA) utilize the same antennas and antenna lines. Antenna sharing has been implemented by using GSM 900/GSM 1800 dual band antennas. Antenna line sharing has been implemented by using Nokia triplexers, which allow the use of MHAs in the WCDMA branch.

Antenna 2W CDMA, X-pol.

GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / W CDMA Triplexers

Antenna 1GSM 900 / 1800Dual Band, X-pol

W CDM AM HAs

GSM 900 BTS

W CDMA BTS with BiasTee

GSM 1800 BTS

GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / W CDMA Triplexers



Figure 12. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site

24 (34)

Management

5 Management Monitoring of the Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is effected by a VSWR measurement feature implemented in a BiasTee (optional), and an alarm cable.

The status of each MHA unit is monitored by measuring its current consumption continuously by the corresponding BTS unit. The alarm states are relayed from the BTS to the NMS. Additionally, these alarm states can be checked locally at the BTS using a laptop computer.

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


25 (34)


6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System

This chapter identifies and describes the elements comprising a Nokia UltraSite Antenna System.

6.1 Antennas

Macro-cell antennas:

• for GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA

• vertical polarized panels

• cross-polarized panels

• GSM 900 / GSM1800 dual band, cross-polarized panels with and without diplexers

• GSM 900 / WCDMA, GSM 1800/1900 / WCDMA dual band, cross-polarized panels without diplexers

• GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA triple band cross-polarized antennas

• omni-directional antennas

Panel antennas are available with different gains and beam widths. Most models are equipped with an electrical tilting option.

6.2 Masthead Amplifiers

The Nokia UltraSite High Gain Masthead Amplifier system comprises the following items:

• amplifier including mounting bracket and clips

• BiasTee, with or without VSWR monitoring feature( standard on WCDMA Bias Tee)

• power cable from BTS to BiasTee



Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System

• VSWR monitoring cable from BTS to BiasTee (if VSWR monitoring is used)

• jumper cable (between an antenna and the MHA).

For GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA, the Nokia MHA uses a single antenna line feeder from the BTS. It is designed to deliver Rx gain (GSM version 33 dB, WCDMA version 12 dB), a low Rx noise figure, and a low Tx loss in a compact, low volume, lightweight sealed enclosure.

The MHA must be mounted close and connected to the BTS receiver (Rx) antenna. It provides amplification to the uplink signal from the mobile received by the BTS Rx antenna.

The signal is then passed to the BTS via the antenna line and BiasTee (which is directly connected to the BTS antenna connector). The MHA, which uses a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) with a low noise figure, reduces the overall noise contribution of the antenna feeder losses, the net effect being an improvement in BTS receive sensitivity.

The status of each MHA unit is monitored by measuring its current consumption continuously by the corresponding BTS unit. The alarm states are relayed from the BTS to the NMS.

6.3 Feeders

The RF-feeder is a corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes, i.e. ½", 7/8" and 1 5/8", depending on the length of the mast and the desired attenuation.

The RF-feeder is made of high-quality copper conductors. The feeders are abrasion resistant and the sheath is made of high-density polyethylene.

The cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and are easy and quick to install. The design of the clamps prevents over tightening of a feeder cable.

6.4 Antenna line components

The inner conductors of the 7-16 connectors are made of silver plated brass or a special grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.

The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded against lightning.

A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning and over voltage signals that may pass down the antenna line. If BiasTees are in use, it is not needed to use EMPs for lightning protection.

The jumper cable is a flexible, low loss cable (1/2"), which is used at the ends of the feeder. It protects the connectors from forces caused by the feeder cable. Jumpers are IP68 classified.

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


27 (34)


6.5 Options

Diplexers are used in dual band solutions. External diplexer units are required if the antenna or BTS does not include an integrated diplexer. There are different diplexers for GSM 900/1800 and GSM 1800/WCDMA applications.

Triplexers are used in GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA tri-band applications. Nokia triplexers have a DC pass function that allows the use of an MHA in one branch. (If more MHAs are required they have to be equipped with direct DC feed.) Wide band DC blocks are used to prevent DC voltage from going to the other branches and base station connections.



Technical Specifications

7 Technical Specifications This chapter deals with the range of antennas and associated equipment available for the Nokia UltraSite System. Due to continuous development, specifications and product codes are subject to change. Please contact Nokia for detailed technical specifications and the latest product offerings.

7.1 Antennas

7.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 networks

The range of antennas and characteristics of each, pertinent to the Nokia UltraSite Systems, are given in the following table.

Table 1. Antenna types

GSM 900 panel antennas:

Panel antenna: 870-960 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage

Panel antenna: 870-960 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage


GSM 900 omni antennas:

Omni antenna: 870-960 MHz, 11 dBi gain, 360o coverage

GSM 900 cross-polarization antennas:




Panel antenna: 806-960 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting

GSM dual band cross-polarisation antennas without diplexer, 4-input ports:

Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 12.5/13.5 dBi, 65o coverage, 4-port input

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


29 (34)


Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 15/17 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 4-port input

Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 17/18.5 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 4-port input

GSM dual band cross-polarisation antennas with diplexer, 2-input ports:

Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 12.5/13 dBi, 65/65o coverage, 2-port input

Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 15/16.5 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 2-port input

Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 17/18 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 2-port input

GSM 1800 panel antennas:


Panel antenna: 1710-1900 MHz, 18 dBi, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting

GSM 1800 omni antennas:


GSM 1800 cross-polarisation antennas:



Panel antenna: 1710-1880 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting



GSM 1900 cross-polarisation antennas:


Panel antenna: 1850-1990 MHz, 19.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting

7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks

The range of antennas and their characteristics are given in the following table.

Table 2. Antenna types

WCDMA panel antennas:



WCDMA omni antennas:


WCDMA GSM cross-polarization antennas:

Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 18.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o tilting




Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 12.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o tilting

Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 0-10o tilting

Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 65o, 18 dBi, 0-8o tilt

Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 65o, 19.5 dBi, 0-6o tilt



WCDMA GSM dual band cross-polarization antennas, 4-input ports:

Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-2170 MHz, 16/18 dBi, 65o/65o coverage, 4-port input, 0-14o/0-8o tilt



WCDMA GSM dual band cross-polarization antennas, 4-input ports, Smart Radio Concept (SRC) antennas:



WCDMA GSM triple band cross-polarization antennas, 6-input ports:

Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-1880/1920-2170 MHz, 14.5/16.5/17 dBi, 65o/67o/63o coverage, 6-port input, 0-14o/0-6o/0-6o tilt

Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-1880/1920-2170 MHz, 16/17.5/18 dBi, 65o/67o/63o coverage, 6-port input, 0-10o/0-6o/0-6o tilt

Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-2170/1710-2170 MHz, 17/17/16.5 dBi, 65o/65o/65o coverage, 6-port input, 0-7o/0-8o/0-8o tilt

7.2 Masthead Amplifiers

7.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks

The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and BiasTee range are listed in the following table.

Table 3. MHAs and BiasTees

MHA 900 MHz, 880-915 MHz band



DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


31 (34)





MHA 1900 MHz, 1850-1910 MHz full band

BiasTee 900/1800/1900, including power cable

BiasTee 900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables

BiasTee 1800/1900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables

Jumper cable for MHA: 1.5 m, m/m

Table 4. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA 1800

Operating voltage +11 to +13.5 VDC

Maximum operating current 750 mA

Tx insertion loss 0.50 dB maximum

Noise figure at room temperature 1.60 dB maximum

Noise figure over operating range 1.90 dB maximum

Nominal Gain 33 dB

MTBF 400 000 hours

Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC

Size 273 x 169 x 85

Weather protection IP65

7.2.2 MHA for WCDMA networks

The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and BiasTee range is described in the following tables.

Table 5. MHA and BiasTee for WCDMA

MHA WCDMA: 1920-1980 MHz band

Bias Tee WCDMA: VSWR, including power/alarm cable

Jumper cable for MHA: 1.5 m, m/m

Table 6. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA for WCDMA

Operating voltage 7 to13 VDC




Maximum operating current 230 mA

Insertion loss of Tx path 0.3 dB (typical) 0.6dB (max)

Gain path noise figure @ 12 dB gain 2.0 dB maximum

Gain 12 dB + 1.5

MTBF 750 000 hours

Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC

Size 230 x 170 x (85…100)

Weather protection IP65

7.3 Feeders and clamps

Feeder cables and clamps for GSM and WCDMA networks are listed in the following table.

Table 7. Feeders and clamps

Feeder cables:

Feeder cable RF ½” 50 ohm

Feeder cable RF 7/8” 50 ohm

Feeder cable RF 1 5/8” 50 ohm

Feeder clamps:

Clamp RF M 2 x ½” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm

Clamp RF M 2 x 7/8” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm

Clamp RF M 1 x 1 5/8” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm

7.4 Antenna line components

The following table identifies the range of antenna line components for both GSM and WCDMA networks.

Table 8. Antenna line components

Connectors (7-16 male interface)

Jumper cables (length 0.5m/1.5m with 7-16 m/f connectors)

Grounding kits

EMP broadband 800-2170 MHz

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


33 (34)


7.5 Options

Table 9. Optional items

Dual band 800-1000/1700-2170 diplexer

Dual band 1800/WCDMA diplexer

Tri-band 900/1800/WCDMA triplexer



Error! No text of specified style in document.

Glossary AC Alternating Current

Alarm Announcement given to the operating personnel about abnormal function of the system or about a failure, or an indication of the degradation of the service level or performance

Alarm status The current status of the system; indicates what alarms are active, if any

BTS Base Transceiver Station; Base Station

DC Direct Current

EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EN European Norm

EMP Electro Magnetic Pulse

GSM Global System Mobile

LNA Low Noise Amplifier (part of MHA)

MHA Masthead Amplifier

NMS Network Management System

NTC Nokia Telecommunications Ltd

OMC Operations and Maintenance Centre

RAS Radio Access Systems

RF Radio Frequency

Rx Receiver

Site Specific installation location of a given BTS

Site application Complete telecom solution for the planned area, i.e. road side, rural, suburban or urban, where the capacity, coverage and expansion needs differ

SRC Smart Radio Concept

SW Software

TRX Transceiver unit, transmits and receives RF signals

Tx Transmitter

UL Underwriters Laboratories

UV Ultra Violet

VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

DN99578061 Issue 6-0 en


35 (34)

antenna_systems_for_nokia ultrasite

Documents