answers chemistry, 12e (brown, lemay, bursten, murphy) chapter 5 & 6

Chapter 5 Thermochemistry

1) The internal energy of a system is always increased by __________.A) adding heat to the systemB) having the system do work on the surroundingsC) withdrawing heat from the systemD) adding heat to the system and having the system do work on the surroundingsE) a volume compressionAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

2) Which one of the following conditions would always result in an increase in the internal energy of a system?A) The system loses heat and does work on the surroundings.B) The system gains heat and does work on the surroundings.C) The system loses heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.D) The system gains heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.E) None of the above is correct.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

3) The value of ΔE for a system that performs 111 kJ of work on its surroundings and gains 89 kJ of heat is __________ kJ.A) -111B) -200C) 200D) -22E) 22Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

4) The value of ΔE for a system that performs 13 kJ of work on its surroundings and loses 9 kJ of heat is __________ kJ.A) 22B) -22C) -4D) 4E) -13Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

5) When a system __________, ΔE is always negative.A) absorbs heat and does workB) gives off heat and does workC) absorbs heat and has work done on itD) gives off heat and has work done on itE) none of the above is always negative.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

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6) Which one of the following is an exothermic process?A) ice meltingB) water evaporatingC) boiling soupD) condensation of water vaporE) Ammonium thiocyanate and barium hydroxide are mixed at 25 °C: the temperature drops.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

7) Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

A) Ek = (1/2) mv2

B) A negative ΔH corresponds to an exothermic process.C) ΔE = Efinal - EinitialD) Energy lost by the system must be gained by the surroundings.E) 1 cal = 4.184 J (exactly)Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

8) A __________ ΔH corresponds to an __________ process.A) negative, endothermicB) negative, exothermicC) positive, exothermicD) zero, exothermicE) zero, endothermicAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.3

9) A __________ ΔH corresponds to an __________ process.A) negative, endothermicB) positive, exothermicC) positive, endothermicD) zero, exothermicE) zero, endothermicAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.3

10) ΔH for an endothermic process is __________ while ΔH for an exothermic process is __________.A) zero, positiveB) zero, negativeC) positive, zeroD) negative, positiveE) positive, negativeAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.3

11) For a given process at constant pressure, ΔH is negative. This means that the process is __________.


A) endothermicB) equithermicC) exothermicD) a state functionE) energyAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.3

12) A chemical reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings is said to be __________ and has a __________ ΔH at constant pressure.A) endothermic, positiveB) endothermic, negativeC) exothermic, negativeD) exothermic, positiveE) exothermic, neutralAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

13) A chemical reaction that releases heat to the surroundings is said to be __________ and has a __________ ΔH at constant pressure.A) endothermic, positiveB) endothermic, negativeC) exothermic, negativeD) exothermic, positiveE) exothermic, neutralAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

14) The reaction

4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) → 2 Al2O3 (s) ΔH° = -3351 kJ

is __________, and therefore heat is __________ by the reaction.A) endothermic, releasedB) endothermic, absorbedC) exothermic, releasedD) exothermic, absorbedE) thermoneutral, neither released nor absorbedAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4


15) Under what condition(s) is the enthalpy change of a process equal to the amount of heat transferred into or out of the system?

(a) temperature is constant(b) pressure is constant(c) volume is constant

A) a onlyB) b onlyC) c onlyD) a and bE) b and cAnswer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

16) The units of of heat capacity are __________.A) K/J or °C/JB) J/K or J/°CC) J/g-K or J/g-°CD) J/molE) g-K/J or g-°C/JAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

17) The units of of specific heat are __________.A) K/J or °C/JB) J/K or J/°CC) J/g-K or J/g-°CD) J/molE) g-K/J or g-°C/JAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

18) A sample of calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (s)] absorbs 45.5 J of heat, upon which the temperature of the sample increases from 21.1 °C to 28.5 °C. If the specific heat of calcium carbonate is 0.82 J/g-K, what is the mass (in grams) of the sample?A) 3.7B) 5.0C) 7.5D) 410E) 5.0 x 103Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

19) The temperature of a 12.58 g sample of calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (s)] increases from 23.6 °C to 38.2 °C. If the specific heat of calcium carbonate is 0.82 J/g-K, how many joules of heat are absorbed?A) 0.82B) 5.0


C) 7.5D) 410E) 151Answer: EDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

20) An 8.29 g sample of calcium carbonate [CaCO3 (s)] absorbs 50.3 J of heat, upon which the temperature of the sample increases from 21.1 °C to 28.5 °C. What is the specific heat of calcium carbonate?A) .63B) .82C) 1.1D) 2.2E) 4.2Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

21) A 22.44 g sample of iron absorbs 180.8 J of heat, upon which the temperature of the sample increases from 21.1 °C to 39.0 °C. What is the specific heat of iron?A) 0.140B) 0.450C) 0.820D) 0.840E) 0.900Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

22) For which one of the following reactions is ΔH°rxn equal to the heat of formation of the product?A) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

B) (1/2) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g)

C) 6C (s) + 6H (g) → C6H6 (l)

D) P (g) + 4H (g) + Br (g) → PH4Br (l)

E) 12C (g) + 11H2 (g) + 11O (g) → C6H22O11 (g)

Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

23) Of the following, ΔHf° is not zero for __________.

A) O2 (g)

B) C (graphite)C) N2 (g)

D) F2 (s)

E) Cl2 (g)

Answer: D


Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

24) Of the following, ΔHf° is not zero for __________.

A) Sc (g)B) Si (s)C) P4 (s, white)D) Br2 (l)

E) Ca (s)Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

25) Consider the following two reactions:

A → 2B ΔH°rxn = 456.7 kJ/molA → C ΔH°rxn = -22.1kJ/mol

Determine the enthalpy change for the process:

2B → CA) -478.8 kJ/molB) -434.6 kJ/molC) 434.6 kJ/molD) 478.8 kJ/molE) More information is needed to solve the problem.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

26) In the reaction below, ΔHf° is zero for __________.

Ni (s) + 2CO (g) + 2PF3 (g) → Ni(CO)2 (PF3)2 (l)

A) Ni (s)B) CO (g)C) PF3 (g)

D) Ni(CO)2(PF3)2 (l)

E) both CO (g) and PF3 (g)

Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

27) For which one of the following reactions is the value of ΔH°rxn equal to ΔHf° for the product?

A) 2Ca (s) + O2 (g) → 2CaO (s)

B) C2H2 (g) + H2 (g) → C2H4 (g)

C) 2C (graphite) + O2 (g) → 2CO (g)

D) 3Mg (s) + N2 (g) → Mg3N2 (s)

E) C (diamond) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)

Answer: D


Diff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

28) For which one of the following reactions is the value of ΔH°rxn equal to ΔHf° for the product?

A) 2 C (s, graphite) + 2 H2 (g) → C2H4 (g)

B) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 NO (g)

C) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (l)

D) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g)

E) H2O (l) + 1/2 O2 (g) → H2O2 (l)


29) For which one of the following reactions is the value of ΔH°rxn equal to ΔH°f for the product?A) H2O (l) + 1/2 O2 (g) → H2 O2 (l)

B) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2NO (g)

C) 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (l)

D) 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (g)

E) none of the aboveAnswer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

30) For which one of the following reactions is the value of ΔH°rxn equal to ΔH°f for the product?A) H2 (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) → H2O (l)

B) H2 (g) + O2 (g) → H2O2 (l)

C) 2 C (s, graphite) + 2 H2 (g) → C2H4 (g)

D) 1/2 N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g)

E) all of the aboveAnswer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

31) The energy released by combustion of 1 g of a substance is called the __________ of the substance.A) specific heatB) fuel valueC) nutritional calorie contentD) heat capacityE) enthalpyAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.8

32) The ΔE of a system that releases 12.4 J of heat and does 4.2 J of work on the surroundings is __________ J.A) 16.6B) 12.4C) 4.2


D) -16.6E) -8.2Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

33) The ΔE of a system that absorbs 12.4 J of heat and does 4.2 J of work on the surroundings is __________ J.A) 16.6B) 12.4C) 4.2D) -16.6E) 8.2Answer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.2

34) The value of ΔH° for the reaction below is -72 kJ. __________ kJ of heat are released when 80.9 grams of HBr is formed in this reaction.

H2 (g) + Br2 (g) → 2HBr (g)

A) 144B) 72C) 0.44D) 36E) -72Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

35) The value of ΔH° for the reaction below is -790 kJ. The enthalpy change accompanying the reaction of 0.95 g of S is __________ kJ.

2S (s) + 3O2 (g) → 2SO3 (g)

A) 23B) -23C) -12D) 12E) -790Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

36) The value of ΔH° for the reaction below is -1107 kJ:

2Ba (s) + O2 (g) → 2BaO (s)

How many kJ of heat are released when 5.75 g of Ba (s) reacts completely with oxygen to form BaO (s)?A) 96.3


B) 26.3C) 46.4D) 23.2E) 193Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.4

37) The molar heat capacity of a compound with the formula C2H6SO is 88.0 J/mol-K. The specific

heat of this substance is __________ J/g-K.A) 88.0B) 1.13C) 4.89

D) 6.88 × E) -88.0Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.5

38) ΔH for the reaction

IF5 (g) → IF3 (g) + F2 (g)

is __________ kJ, give the data below. IF (g) + F2 (g) → IF3 (g)ΔH = -390 kJ

IF (g) + 2 F2 (g) → IF5 (g)ΔH = -745 kJ

A) +355B) -1135C) +1135D) +35E) -35Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.6

39) Given the following reactionsFe2O3 (s) + 3CO (s) → 2Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g) ΔH = -28.0 kJ

3Fe (s) + 4CO2 (s) → 4CO (g) + Fe3O4 (s) ΔH = +12.5 kJ

the enthalpy of the reaction of Fe2O3 with CO

3 Fe2O3 (s) + CO (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 Fe3O4 (s)

is __________ kJ.A) -59.0B) 40.5


C) -15.5D) -109E) +109Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.6

40) Given the data in the table below, ΔH°rxn for the reaction

3NO2 (g) + H2O (l) → 2HNO3 (aq) + NO (g)

is __________ kJ.

A) 64B) 140C) -140D) -508E) -64Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 5.7

Chapter 6 Electronic Structure of Atoms1) Which one of the following is correct?A) ν + λ = cB) ν ÷ λ = cC) ν = cλD) λ = c νE) νλ = cAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

2) The wavelength of light emitted from a traffic light having a frequency of 5.75 × 1014 Hz is __________.A) 702 nmB) 641 nmC) 674 nmD) 522 nmE) 583 nm


Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

3) Of the following, __________ radiation has the shortest wavelength.A) X-rayB) radioC) microwaveD) ultravioletE) infraredAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

4) All of the orbitals in a given electron shell have the same value of the __________ quantum number.A) principalB) angular momentumC) magneticD) spinE) psiAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.4

5) All of the orbitals in a given subshell have the same value of the __________ quantum number.A) principalB) angular momentumC) magneticD) A and BE) B and CAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.5

6) Which of the subshells below do not exist due to the constraints upon the angular momentum quantum number?A) 4fB) 4dC) 4pD) 4sE) none of the aboveAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.5

7) Which one of the following is an incorrect subshell notation?A) 4fB) 2dC) 3sD) 2pE) 3d



8) Which one of the quantum numbers does not result from the solution of the Schrodinger equation?A) principalB) azimuthalC) magneticD) spinE) angular momentumAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.5, 6.7

9) At maximum, an f-subshell can hold __________ electrons, a d-subshell can hold __________ electrons, and a p-subshell can hold __________ electrons.A) 14, 10, 6B) 2, 8, 18C) 14, 8, 2D) 2, 12, 21E) 2, 6, 10Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 6.7

10) If an electron has a principal quantum number (n) of 3 and an angular momentum quantum number (l) of 2, the subshell designation is __________.A) 3pB) 3dC) 4sD) 4pE) 4dAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.7

11) Which one of the following represents an acceptable set of quantum numbers for an electron in an atom? (arranged as n, l, ml, and ms)

A) 2, 2, -1, -1/2B) 1, 0, 0, 1/2C) 3, 3, 3, 1/2D) 5, 4,- 5, 1/2E) 3, 3, 3, -1/2Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.7


12) Which one of the following represents an acceptable possible set of quantum numbers (in the order n, l, ml, ms) for an electron in an atom?

A) 2, 1, -1, 1/2B) 2, 1, 0, 0C) 2, 2, 0, 1/2D) 2, 0, 1, -1/2E) 2, 0, 2, +1/2Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.7

13) Which one of the following represents an impossible set of quantum numbers for an electron in an atom? (arranged as n, l, ml, and ms)

A) 2, 1, -1, -1/2B) 1, 0, 0, 1/2C) 3, 3, 3, 1/2D) 5, 4, - 3, 1/2E) 5, 4, -3, -1/2Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.7

14) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle?A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8



B)

C)

D)

E)



B)

C)

D)

E)



17) The ground state electron configuration of Fe is __________.

A) 1s22s23s23p63d6

B) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6

C) 1s22s22p63s23p64s2

D) 1a22s22p63s23p64s24d6

E) 1s22s23s23p10


18) The ground state electron configuration of Ga is __________.

A) 1s22s23s23p64s23d104p1

B) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p1

C) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p1

D) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104d1

E) [Ar]4s23d11


19) The ground-state electron configuration of the element __________ is [Kr]5s14d5.A) NbB) MoC) CrD) MnE) TcAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8

20) The ground-state electron configuration of __________ is [Ar]4s13d5.A) VB) MnC) FeD) CrE) KAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8

21) The ground state configuration of fluorine is __________.A) [He]2s22p2

B) [He]2s22p3

C) [He]2s22p4

D) [He]2s22p5


E) [He]2s22p622) The ground state configuration of tungsten is __________.A) [Ar]4s23d3

B) [Xe]6s24f145d4

C) [Ne]3s1

D) [Xe]6s24f7

E) [Kr]5s24d105p5Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8

23) The element that has a valence configuration of 4s1 is __________.A) LiB) NaC) KD) RbE) CsAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8

24) Which two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration?A) Pd and PtB) Cu and AgC) Fe and CuD) Cl and ArE) No two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration.Answer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.8

25) The wavelength of light that has a frequency of 1.20 ×1013s-1 is __________ m.A) 25.0

B) 2.50 × 10-5

C) 0.0400D) 12.0E) 2.5Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

26) The wavelength of light that has a frequency of 1.66 × 109s-1 is __________ m.A) 0.181B) 5.53C) 2.00 x 10-9

D) 5.53 x 108E) none of the aboveAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1


27) Ham radio operators often broadcast on the 6-meter band. The frequency of this electromagnetic radiation is __________ MHz.A) 500B) 200C) 50D) 20E) 2.0Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

28) What is the frequency (s-1) of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength of 0.53 m?

A) 5.7 × 108

B) 1.8 × 10-9

C) 1.6 × 108

D) 1.3 × 10-33

E) 1.3 × 1033


29) The energy of a photon that has a wavelength of 13.2 nm is __________ J.

A) 9.55 × 10-25

B) 1.62 × 10-17

C) 1.99 × 10-25

D) 4.42 ×

E) 1.51 × 10-17

Answer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 6.2

30) What is the frequency (s-1) of a photon that has an energy of 4.38 × 10-18 J?A) 436

B) 6.61 × 1015

C) 1.45 × 10-16

D) 2.30 × 107

E) 1.31 × 10-9


31) A mole of red photons of wavelength 725 nm has __________ kJ of energy.

A) 2.74 × 10-19

B) 4.56 × 10-46

C) 6.05 × 10-3

D) 165


E) 227Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 6.2

32) A mole of yellow photons of wavelength 527 nm has __________ kJ of energy.A) 165B) 227

C) 4.56 × 10-46

D) 6.05 × 10-3

E) 2.74 × 10-19


33) Of the following, __________ radiation has the longest wavelength and __________ radiation has the greatest energy.

gamma ultraviolet visible

A) ultraviolet, gammaB) visible, ultravioletC) gamma, gammaD) visible, gammaE) gamma, visibleAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.2

34) What color of visible light has the longest wavelength?A) blueB) violetC) redD) yellowE) greenAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.2


35) The __________ quantum number defines the shape of an orbital.A) spinB) magneticC) principalD) angular momentumE) psiAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.5

36) The principal quantum number of the first d subshell is __________.A) 1B) 2C) 3D) 4E) 0Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.5

37) The electron configuration of a ground-state Ag atom is __________.

A) [Ar]4d24d9

B) [Kr]5s14d10

C) [Kr]5s23d9

D) [Ar]4s14d10

E) [Kr]5s24d10



answers chemistry, 12e (brown, lemay, bursten, murphy) chapter 5 & 6

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