AnSc3305: Library Resources and Services

Megan Kocher, Fall 2013

Who am I?

Megan Kocher• Librarian for 3 departments:

– Food Science and Nutrition– Animal Science– Soil, Water, and Climate

• mkocher@umn.edu• 612-625-3605

Agenda

• Library website• Keywords • Review articles vs research articles• Searching databases• Citations and plagiarism

www.lib.umn.edu

Brainstorming Keywords

Effects of baconOn fetal development

BaconSwineHogdevelopment

Effects of Maternal cholesterol

MaternalPrenatalFetal dev.cholesterol

Suggested Topics• Role of leptin in the onset of puberty in humans• Neuroendocrine regulation of induced ovulation• Modulation of implantation by the immune system• Sex reversal in mammals• Selection of the dominant follicle in livestock• Infectious causes of embryonic mortality in livestock• Regulation of reproductive aging• American Eugenics : the dangers of selective breeding• The oogonia ‘stem cell’ OR Is a female really born with a finite number of eggs ?• International decline in male fertility• Xenotransplantation: the new market for animal cloning and transgenesis• Natural cloning in animal• Interested in disease processes ?? – consider checking primary literature on

Kallman’s syndrome or other pathologies we have discussed• Endocrine disruptors• Sex chromosome evolution (e.g. marsupials vs. other mammals)• Surrogacy and human infertility• Long-term physiological effects of infertility methods on offspring (i.e. IVF, ICSI, etc.)

Review Articles vs. Research Articles

Research Articles

Research articles in the sciences are generally reports of experiments or other forms of analysis. They introduce the topic, explain how the work was done, what resulted, and how that results might be interpreted. Research articles are considered primary sources because they contain the original research information and/or data.

Parts of a Research Article

• Introduction• Materials and Methods• Results• Discussion• Conclusions• Bibliography or Literature Cited or

References

Review Articles

Review articles are generally written by experts in the fields, and they provide an overview of a topic. They are often referred to as secondary literature, since they do not directly report on an experiment or other new idea.

What do Review Articles Do?

• Provide background• Include a bibliography of the primary

research literature• Help you identify a narrower area of

interest

Searching for Articles

Search Tips

• Combine ideas or sets with AND– Using "AND" is a form of Boolean Searching (and, or,

not). – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oa66AxTbjxA&featur

e=youtu.be&t=3m19s

• Use the subject terms the database provides, to be comprehensive

• Use a wildcard (*) to get words with various endings– forest* (= forest, forests, forestry, forester)– signal*– father*

Searching For Research Articles

• Google Scholar• PubMed• Medline• CAB Abstracts• Scopus

Searching For Review Articles

• Google Scholar• PubMed• Medline• CAB Abstracts• Scopus

ActivityFind 1 review article or 1 research article on your topic.• Be prepared to report back:

– What search terms did you use?• Did you revise your terms after searching• What databases did you use?

– What article did you find?• How can you tell whether it is research or

review?

Citing Sources & Avoiding Plagiarism

Why do we cite our sources?

• http://youtu.be/2q0NlWcTq1Y • "Citations allow researchers to find,

read, and comment on each others' sources.“

• "Writers also cite their sources to avoid plagiarism." *

*From "Citations Online Tutorial" found at http://www.lib.umn.edu/research/instruction/modules/lsamp-citations2/

University of Minnesota Definition of Plagiarism

Plagiarism shall mean representing the words, creative work, or ideasof another person as one's own without providing proper documentationof source.

Examples•    Copying information word for word from a source without usingquotation marks and giving proper acknowledgement by way of footnote, endnote, or in-text citation;•    Representing the words, ideas, or data of another person as one'sown without providing proper attribution to the author throughquotation, reference, in-text citation, or footnote;•    Producing, without proper attribution, any form of workoriginated by another  person, such as a musical phrase, a proof, aspeech, an image,  experimental data, laboratory report, graphicdesign or computer code;•    Paraphrasing, without sufficient acknowledgment, ideas taken fromanother person that the reader might reasonably mistake as theauthor's.•    Borrowing various words, ideas, phrases, or data from originalsources and blending them with one's own without acknowledging thesources.

How to use other people’s words and ideas

Exercise

Original quotation:"Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal following the settlement of a mining strike in 1902 to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labour unions. The Square Deal concept was later largely incorporated into the platform of the Progressive Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential candidate in 1912" (Britannica, p. 184).

Example 1

Paraphrase: Roosevelt invented THE TERM SQUARE DEAL after the MINING STRIKE IN 1902 was settled TO DESCRIBE THE IDEAL OF PEACEFUL cooperation BETWEEN BIG BUSINESS AND LABOR UNIONS. THE SQUARE DEAL CONCEPT WAS LATER LARGELY worked INTO THE PLATFORM OF THE PROGRESSIVE PARTY, WHEN ROOSEVELT WAS ITS PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE IN 1912. Is it plagiarism?Why?• Substituting new words, and changing a few words around

in the sentences doesn't make it a paraphrase!• The structure of the two sentences is virtually identical. • There is no citation (Britannica, p.184) at the end of the paraphrase, pointing out the source of the information.

YES!

Example 2

Paraphrase: Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labor unions, although it was later largely incorporated into the platform of the Progressive Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential candidate in 1912 (Britannica, p. 184). Is it plagiarism?Why?• Omitting a few words from the sentences doesn’t make it a paraphrase! • The structure of the paraphrase is still almost identical to that of the original quotation. • OK—at least this person used a citation at the end of the “paraphrase”!

YES!

Example 3

Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912. Is it plagiarism?

Why?•The author did not cite the original source.

YES!

Example 4

Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912 (Britannica, p. 184).

Is it plagiarism?

Why?• Summarized in author’s own words.• Cites source

No!

APA Style Guide

• https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

Citations in Google Scholar

Citation Managers

Image CreditsNinja power-up, CC BY-SA Marijn de Vries Hoogerwerff , FlickrEpic battle, CC BY-NC-ND, Roger Mateo Poquet, FlickrDig for victory, University of Minnesota ArchivesBibliography, CC BY-NC, papertrix, Flickr