announcements. www and html zreview what is www zdescription of html yhypertext markup language
TRANSCRIPT
Announcements
WWW and HTML
Review what is WWWDescription of HTML
HyperText Markup Language
What is WWW?
Via Internet, computers can contact each other
Public files on computers can be read by remote user usually HyperText Markup Language (.html)
HTTP - HyperText Transfer ProtocolURL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of
file on a remote computerhttp://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.html
How to make a web page
Define the two basic steps required in making a web page.
Two Basic Steps
Create an HTML FileUpload file to server
.html
Web documents are text files with .html extension
These text files have HTML “tags” in them
HTML Tags
Each opening HTML tag has a closing HTML tag that matches it. <P> for begin paragraph is followed by
</P> for end paragraph <P> goes at beginning of paragraph </P> goes at end of paragraph
Example of Tags
<P>Here is the paragraph about something</P><P>Here is the second paragraph</P>
What it will look like:
Here is the paragraph about something.
Here is the second paragraph.
Essential HTML Tags
<HTML> begins HTML document<BODY> begins body of document<H1>Here’s a header in big
type</H1><P>Here’s a paragraph</P></BODY> ends body</HTML> ends HTML document
Browser Output of Page
If you opened that page in Netscape Navigator, it would look like this:
Here’s a header in big typeHere’s a paragraph
View Page Source
Using “View Page Source” allows you to see the HTML behind a page
When we get into advanced HTML pages, this can be really important for learning how someone did something
http://puffin.bird.audubon.org/
File Transfer Protocol
FTP Program (also called FTP client) used to transfer files from your computer to your public web directory housed on the MSU computers
WS_FTP LE is a good, free FTP program
In MSU Labs, can directly save stuff in your AFS space, on the P: drive, in the web directory
Your personal web space
http://www.msu.edu/~pilotname/index.html
Three steps: Make your pilot web space public (in advanced
features) Create a file named index.html Use FTP to transfer a file named index.html into
your web directory
Web Design Packages
Microsoft FrontPageAdobe GoLiveNetscape ComposerMacromedia DreamWeaver
Netscape Composer
Netscape Composer allows WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) editing of web pages
Controls similar to Microsoft word – font formatting, colors, etc.
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Excellent Site Building ToolAllows organization of files, ftp, and
WYSIWYG editing all-in-onePrincipal program we will use in classCreate page, then go to Site | Put
and it transfers it for you!
Dreamweaver
You can download a trial version of Macromedia Dreamweaver by going to:
http://www.macromedia.com/software/dreamweaver/trial/
Expires in 30 days
HTML Advanced
NeoTraceHyperlinks and WWWAdvanced HTML Formatting
Where is a Domain Server?
Domain www.microsoft.com is on a server owned by Microsoft. But where is the server?
How does your computer contact that server?
NeoTrace
NeoTrace is a shareware program that allows you to watch the “hops” and “stops” in a search for a web document
What is a Hyperlink?
Hyperlinks (also called “links”) are references in an HTML file that allow a user to connect to a different URL
Hyperlinks are the magic behind the WWW - they transport you to a different world
Michigan State UniversityYou may link to any page you wish!
Hyperlinks in HTML Code
<a href=“URL”>Text for link</a>
Hyperlinks in Action
<p>Welcome to Lyman Briggs School. <a href=“http://www.msu.edu/~lbs/index.html”>Lyman Briggs School</a> is a residential science program. </p>
What it will look like:
Welcome to Lyman Briggs School. Lyman Briggs School is a residential science program.
Local Hyperlinks
If you are linking to a file in your directory, you do not need the entire URL. <a href=“personal.html”>Personal Statement</a>
You may also link to a location within the page (link to a “target”)
Done
Inserting a Link in Macromedia Dreamweaver
Highlight TextGo to Link part of properties box
(may need to expand box using lower right arrow)Local : Click on Folder to Right of Link Box and find file -or-Remote: Type in hyperlink – must include http://
e.g. http://www.harvard.edu
Question?
How would you make a three column layout in a web page?
Talk to your neighbor and figure it out
Tables in HTML
Tables are incredibly difficult to hand code.
Why? Each cell needs a <td></td> tag, each row needs a <tr></tr> tag, and the outer table needs a <table></table> tag.
Use Microsoft Word or Netscape Composer to edit tables. I recommend NC.
Done
Why Tables?
CONTROL!Tables allow you to control where
items appear on pages. LBS Homepage is all tables (without
borders)
Inserting Tables in Macromedia DreamWeaver
A Word about Frames
Frames are also used to control layout
Each cell is a separate windowFrames are BAD! because they are
user-UN-friendly
Graphics
Question: How does a web page include graphics?
Are the graphics included in the HTML file or separate files?
Graphics: JPGs
JPG (JPEG) is a file format standing for Joint Photographic Experts Group
Use .jpg ending on filesJPGs are the best format for color photos
and high-color images on the webScanned photos should be saved as JPGsPhotoshop, SuperPaint or other image
editor is good for editing JPGs
Graphics: GIFs
GIF stands for Graphic Image Format.gif ending on GIF filesGIFs are perfect for graphical images
with only a few colors (e.g. text headers)
Very bad for photographsPhotoshop, SuperPaint, PowerPoint
and others good for GIFs
Graphics in HTML
<img src=“URL”>Can include size parameters
<img src=“URL” height=80 width=240>
<img src=“dru.gif” height=25 width=100>
Note: No closing tag!