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DECLASSIFIED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE INTERAGENCY SECURITY CLASSIFICATION EO13526 SECTION 53(b)(3)

ISCAP APPEAL NO 2012-081 document no 3 DECLASSIFICATION DATE July 7 2014

APPEALS PANEL

Haitians IVho-fight Contribute Effectbrelv r

to a Post-DuvalierRegime

AN N E X

SUMHARYREPORTS ONREFERENCED INDIVIDUALS

- - ~ ~- -

~

Sources

nnaitiltU1OPpoSitio~ personalitiesmiddotI-- --_--_ _ Haitian Personalities I--~ =J Files INRRARRSU

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~O FOREIGN DISSEWSTAT~I-middotmiddot ___-I

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SECRET-

ARMAND Pierre M HAITI

Pierre Armand considered a member of the hard core opposition to President Franltoismiddot---Duvalier was among a group of political piE-oilers released--rnJune19bl as a result of what the press called

presidential clemency On 27 January 1959 he had joined ex-Senator Lcuis Dejoie whowas in--eille~-and-themiddot-foliCMingmiddotMarc-hwas-in - - ---SantiagO-withmiddotDeJoi-e- heIpIngmiddot- to--drum-support--for-a-revoiutionary ~~~~~~J-~g~I~~~fDiiv~I~eri~s-middotamp~~iillt~nt-~--------middot---middot----------------middot---

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BAYARP Franck HAITI

Colonel Bayarii a former military attache to the United States middotwas promoted to his presenCrank-middot8hclmiddotapPolrrteltf Commander-cfihe ---middot Military Department of the North on 11 December 1958 More recent information on his activities is currently unavaiLabLe

Born 5 Novemb~r 1917 Franck Bayard a mulatto graduated from the Haitian Military Academy in the upper third of his class in 1941 He attended the Infantry Officers r Advanced Course at Fort BenningGeorgia iii -1953-~--Notmiddot-middotactive inpoliticmiddots -c6ionelBayardmiddot

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i s favorably oriente-a-towarcCthe -uiiTfcCstates-middot-- -Hemiddot-Eas -aii-excellentreputatlon

middotWith-hfs~fIowmiddot-offic-ersan(CIs-fegarded middotasahLghiYmiddotcapablemiddotand- com-middotpetent officermiddot He--middotfs--coumiddots-ide-red -to--have--good-Ieadership-iomiddotientiai-He is athleticand -Ts-acti ve-IIi-the-middotHaiiTan--Foo-tbair-Aiso-ciatIoIi--------middot-Bayard is aProtestant

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SECRET-

ARMAND Pierre M HAITI

Pierre Armand considered a member of the hard core opposition to President Franltoismiddot---Duvalier was among a group of political piE-oilers released--rnJune19bl as a result of what the press called

presidential clemency On 27 January 1959 he had joined ex-Senator Lcuis Dejoie whowas in--eille~-and-themiddot-foliCMingmiddotMarc-hwas-in - - ---SantiagO-withmiddotDeJoi-e- heIpIngmiddot- to--drum-support--for-a-revoiutionary ~~~~~~J-~g~I~~~fDiiv~I~eri~s-middotamp~~iillt~nt-~--------middot---middot----------------middot---

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BAYARP Franck HAITI

Colonel Bayarii a former military attache to the United States middotwas promoted to his presenCrank-middot8hclmiddotapPolrrteltf Commander-cfihe ---middot Military Department of the North on 11 December 1958 More recent information on his activities is currently unavaiLabLe

Born 5 Novemb~r 1917 Franck Bayard a mulatto graduated from the Haitian Military Academy in the upper third of his class in 1941 He attended the Infantry Officers r Advanced Course at Fort BenningGeorgia iii -1953-~--Notmiddot-middotactive inpoliticmiddots -c6ionelBayardmiddot

u

i s favorably oriente-a-towarcCthe -uiiTfcCstates-middot-- -Hemiddot-Eas -aii-excellentreputatlon

middotWith-hfs~fIowmiddot-offic-ersan(CIs-fegarded middotasahLghiYmiddotcapablemiddotand- com-middotpetent officermiddot He--middotfs--coumiddots-ide-red -to--have--good-Ieadership-iomiddotientiai-He is athleticand -Ts-acti ve-IIi-the-middotHaiiTan--Foo-tbair-Aiso-ciatIoIi--------middot-Bayard is aProtestant

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BAYARP Franck HAITI

Colonel Bayarii a former military attache to the United States middotwas promoted to his presenCrank-middot8hclmiddotapPolrrteltf Commander-cfihe ---middot Military Department of the North on 11 December 1958 More recent information on his activities is currently unavaiLabLe

Born 5 Novemb~r 1917 Franck Bayard a mulatto graduated from the Haitian Military Academy in the upper third of his class in 1941 He attended the Infantry Officers r Advanced Course at Fort BenningGeorgia iii -1953-~--Notmiddot-middotactive inpoliticmiddots -c6ionelBayardmiddot

u

i s favorably oriente-a-towarcCthe -uiiTfcCstates-middot-- -Hemiddot-Eas -aii-excellentreputatlon

middotWith-hfs~fIowmiddot-offic-ersan(CIs-fegarded middotasahLghiYmiddotcapablemiddotand- com-middotpetent officermiddot He--middotfs--coumiddots-ide-red -to--have--good-Ieadership-iomiddotientiai-He is athleticand -Ts-acti ve-IIi-the-middotHaiiTan--Foo-tbair-Aiso-ciatIoIi--------middot-Bayard is aProtestant

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S-E-C-R E E

BAZILE Robert HAITI

Now in exile in the United State s Robert Bazile is a fonner CommandaniOftheHaftian -Coast -Guard-who--aIthough-ii-e-once-hefa--a-number of high--gover~~nt-posTtTons~ has been charaCterizedmiddota~

~ a-fOcal pointfcir-Cffssideni Junfor-officers --Described --bylJS-middot----Siffic ialsas~ng-extremeiyabTeand_amiddots-proUnite(CStates~- Bazile is reported to have been aC1ose-rriend~o-f-the-Iate-CIement-JUiiieiTe formerreaderof-themiddot-Jum~_ili~foiJElt~f~~i~=-~~~~~~~_~9~~~~_~9---unknown reliability reported that Bazile was the leader of a group

of-Ietired army officerswho-set- o-t-seve-iai e-xpiosmiddotions-middotmiddotln-middotport-~atr- ---------middot-middotmiddotmiddot--0---------middot--middot--middotmiddot---- ------- ------ -- - ----_-----_ ---_--~ Prince on 20 January 1901 and that Bazile subsequently gainedasylum in the-ampaziTan-Embas-sy-~----middot---------------middotmiddot--------middotmiddot------

)

Robert Bazile was born on 20 April 1917 in Archaie Haiti Heattended the St Louis de Gonzaga Institutte in Port-au-Prince

(1924-36) and the-School of Applied Sciences In 1941 he entered the Haitian arirry and was ass tgned to the Coast Guardmiddot During

tmiddot middotmorerecEmt yearshe has held the following positions Director of the Bureau of the Census (i956) member of the Economic Council (Haiti~American Economic Aid) (195557) and both Connnandant of the Coast Guard and Director-Adininistrator of the Haitian Nat LonaL IDttery (19565T) In 1957 he was appointed Military Attache to Hayana a newly established pOsitioilapparently designed to remove

- hfm from the country In July 1958 it was reported that Baz LLe ~s being LnvoIurrtardLy stricken from ihe-active--duti-io-ste-iof officers in Haitran-a~----YXithe-fall-oT195B--he--~was-the appointed

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotHa1tlanmiddotmiddotAdnrlnistrator-Coordinator of the--PoiriCfrPete-Coie~------~ _regiOnal dev~lopment program in the north of Haiti

gt

sazilehas been described as one of the ablest senior ~~atorsinmiddotthemiddot-EaIt~middotan-GOvernment~---middotandmiddot asjreputed- -to be

- very honest and an exce Llerrt administrator h US officials-have bull cOllsistently spOken in laudatory term-s--o-fhis--abTiIty~--REpoHed

tqbe especially interested and competent -fnthe-middotfiela-oi--econoinics ~ Bazile has in the pmiddotastcooperated-cIosely-WItli-us--ofricTaii-middotlIi-middot---middot----

trying to carry out a sound program ofeconomic -develOJm~nC-He l i 1s considered Hetob-e--verymiddotfrlend1-Y--middottowara-middotthe-Unite-cCEftates--i~~ studiedbriefly at CoLumbfaUniversity and was also a trainee

1middot i iIigt1948 under the sponsQrship of the Bureau of the Census US I ~partment of e As of 1958 Bazile a negro said to beCommez-c

very tolerant of mulattoes was mari-iedand had three chil~en bull

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SEORETNOFORN II IDISSEWSTA~ SOX EO13S26

BISSAINTHEcerard (Father) HAITI

Father cerard Bissainthe __ __ uoung_~~~_8~_~gP~~euroJ_~t~il9 ~sect_sect_~~_1l_LQY the Vatican fromHaiti to Montreal in November1962 for a IIcooling-off

EeioiOd-is-currentlYmiddot--In-lewYorFwhere-hemiddothea-ds- Einewly formed Haitian re-~I~tB~~~~J~~_~~-~s~~Io~g_~i~i (JeUneHaiti ~JH) lhis tnoyementlhich claims to have affiliation with the GPRHand with the Haitian Forces of the InteriorTForce-s--HaftIans--de-Lmiddot-fntei~ieur- ears-FRY) -ap _ _ __ _ _____~________ _ _ __ E ___ 19~_~_~os~y --O~K~~~~~grC1_P~th_good ~_Y1~po1_i~~c~~ __ leadersl1ipbllt_1~

~~h~ and can offer nothing materially to any action against President Fran90isDuvalier TheJH requires potential membersto makewritten application and submit to a personal interview in order to avoid in-cluding any of the rec ognrsed exile leaders bull

While in Haiti Father Bissainthe wielded considerable influence---_--_---__- ---- __--_ _-- _ -_ _ _ --- - - -- _ __ __ ----- _ __ - -_ - _-- --- -- _ SlllqIl~ _~~~~~_~~_groupsinc~ll~~lg__ __ _B ~ali~~lJy_9~j __ ~_l1t3 F ~ =9gnlrl11lP-J~ o~g~izationof about 500 University and college sutdent s professors

~~_i~f~_~~l~~~~~~~=-~f~-~~~i-=is_l~f=t~o~sect(J_~-~~~ ~_~~i~~~1Y~~9~_fi~ but could be called on for support by Bissaintbe ifnecessar-r--- --------_ _--_-_ -- -_-----_ _-___ __ __--__--_ __ _-__--Bissainthe also headed tre Bibliothegue des Jeunes a youth organization

centered at the Petit SeminaireSaint Hsrtial and ~as active in the ~tational Union of Haitian Catholic Students (Union National des Etudiarits Catholigues HaitiEms)H --- -

~__ __ progressive thinker who is not __ P9~~_~_~~~~~~ltl_~~~~()_upo~~~~~~~ gtambitions Bissaintbe is considered acceptable by the Jean Rivi~re-

Roland Rigaud oppositionists as a ieader and possible head of a pr o- visionaljunta between the overthrowof Duvalier and the holding or free elections ~ The young priest may also have contacts within the Pidier l~isoneuvecells bull

~ BiSsainthe alsoltworkedonLeRond Point a Widely read pamphlet Whichwscritical ofliaitian socIo-econonnc conditions and which was ponsideredtobe the vocal organ for the persorinalisree movementa philosophical system transmitted from Paris to fTaitiby several Haitian

ltpriests (including Bissainthe) around 1961 Defined as a philosophicalltsystemthe central value of which is the humanbeing inhis totality If

personnalislre has given signs middotof becominga political movementwith mariy pointscommo_~~~~stian~_~_~~~~~ In February 1963 Yarxists

ltlJeterep(lrtedmiddotto haveatteI1pted unsuccessfully to organize cells with-in tbem~elOOrit

An-April 1963 report has alleged that Bissai~the maybe a possible v

linlc betveenthe leftist forces in Haiti The sour-ce further allegesthat althoUgh the priest is not a Communisthe maybe sympathetic to

socialist~deologieshaving been taken inll by Haitian leftists HOwevertbere ismiddotno further substantiation to these allegatjons

SECmNOFORN DISsEMSTATIi-- ---------------------middotllsOxl E~O13526 j

middot~~~t~~f~~~1i~~~~---t~-~

CONFIDENEIAL

BONHOMME HAITIJustin-Ernest

Frior to accepting his present position as Permanent Representative to the-Councir-of-the--Organiza-tion of--Aroerican-S-tatesErnesf Bonhomme ~_~~~_~13_~~a~~~~or--~-6-the--unfiedStates--iom-sepierrIller- 1958 -to- -__

bull Septiembez- 1961 Aseife-ffac in-g--plibffc-seiVant--whose--durabiiiiy on the troubled -Haitian poli tical--Sc-ene seems-to-middotiiemiddoti-n--i1ismiddot-abiiity--tocmiddotoncen-=

-f~~~~~~f~~~~~~~middotmiddot-E~-~-~~~~-~yenIf-~~~~~fmiddot56) and was until the time of his appointment a memberof the High Technical Council for National Resources and Economic Development A quiet unassuming person he is intelligent well-read knovledgeable5QworId-affarrs~middot-middot-and--capabfe--of--iong-andmiddot-exacting -ork -partLcular ly on research Ln ffnancaY-matte-rs---Aperson-of--some-middotre-iierVe-he -is--neVertheless---saicCfo----be-friendly pleasant and helpful once his originalreticence is overcome -A great admirer of the United States hehas expressed himself as favorii1g---fhis-6-ountrjs--c-ontInurng-advice--

- and direct assistance in Haitian national matters and he was described in 1950 as advocating that Haiti follow the lead of the United States in world affairs and aid in the establishment of this leadership During a tenure as arriember of the HaitLan-Arneztcan Council for Economic Aid his relations with the US Embassy in Port-au-Prince ~ere reportedmiddot tobe excellent In shor-t ~~~Q~e ~~ Ppound~~~i~~_c_lu~_~J_C __ __ ~~_r~_1l~~~ been impeccable and he is believed to be honest honoz-ahLe and friendly~othe United -----------~--------- ---- -State s ---------------~------ ----__---------------------------~

BoliboIlllJlesdesignation as Ambassador was attributed to his friendllnessgtwith and experience in the United States as well as competence nand thoroughfarniliari ty with liai tian economic and financial matters The fact that his brother ArthurBonhonime at that ti me held a prominent position in the Thivalier Government as Minister of Public Works Transport and Communications coupied with hi s own strong

suppqrtofDuvalier Ls also believed tohavecontrfbuted to his middotmiddotmiddotappointmentbull However Bonhommehas demonstrated that he is no yes- mBrilindhas definiteLdeas as to how Haitianfinances-should--be---

conducted~In the past while working in relatively IIiinor-pos iiions he was reported to be careful in expressing himself until sure of

his audience

~

-7-d 0 R FI DEN ~ I-A L

BONHOMMEJustin-Ernest (continued)

~

Bureau of the Budget He is aLs~__~1~ E~lt___~~ ___stld~~dat the tJnd6n School of Economics From 1927 to 1931 Bonhorronewas an employee of the Haitian Tax Bureau a position he left to become administrator

of the daily newspaper Le Nouvelliste A disagreement with the manage-of the newspaper caused~im to leave and he became a professor of

literature at the Lyc~e Petion in Port-au-Prince his alma mater From 1941 to 1947 he worked in the statistical section of Haitian Customs He joined the Fiscal Department of the National Bank in 1949 and by

1950 was reported to be the administrative counselor of the Department his maSor function being the rendering of technical advice and assistance to the vice pres iderrt in charge of the Department In this capacity he traveled with the latter to several economic meetings including the Thrid Conference of the Economic and SocdaL Council of the Organization of AinericanStates in 1949 and the GATTConferences at Tor~uay England in 1950 andGenevaSwitzerla1d in 1951 In November 1952 he was appointed to aspecial committee formed to s)lpervise the transfer of the

assets of the Societe HadtLano-Amer-tcaf ne de Development Agricole from -the old management to the National Bank ofHaiti

bull middotBoriR-ommesfirst major appointment came in September 1955 when

he was named Under Secretary of State for Finance-and-NationaTEcono-ncY aposi tion in which he was in charge of economic developmeiiC---The-------middot

National Planning Bureau the National-StatstIc-al-Orfce--the Bureau bfCoIIlInuilitY Development and othermiddot related agencies reported to himbull -iremiddot was Sdsb the coordinator of UNtechnical assistance and the Haitian

~memberof themiddot-JointmiddotHaitian-American Council for Economic Aid~middot Shortly ~terthe end-of the M8g10ireAdministration in December 1956 he

became office manager of the American-owned Societe Haitienne de -Minoterie SA (Flour Mill Corporation) near Port-au-Prince Mving

previously be(Il connected lith the concern WhenFraniJoi~_Du[a1ier became Presid~nt -illOctober 1957 Bonhommewas soon appointed Vice Pre sfderrt andDirector of the Fiscal Department 6ftheNational Bank

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot~succeeding Rene Scutt his fonner superior However in Novernber Bonhonmeresigned reportedly because-of his Unhappiness at not being

-able to retain ~ualified personnel at the Bank in the face of the middotnimerous-dismissals being effected in favor or poIi tical appointee s bull

Re neXt became professor Of public administration at the University -9~~1~iti Law School and in March 1958 was appointed a memberof-the ~RighTechnical CoUncil for National Resources anltEcon~~~~Development middotIn~ugust 1958 he cameto Washington in the latter capacity as a

mem1er of a cO~fee study group I

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-BOnhOmmem~rried~ogeite POlyn~cein 1942 and is known to have seven cht Ldren He is reported to be a good r8mi1y man In 1950h~was described asspendingmostqf his time either working

-

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BONHOMMEJustin-Ernest (continued)

bull

-over-t Ime at the office or at homereading except for an occasional game of tennis He belongs to a number of professional organizations includingmiddotthe American Society fo~ Public Administration the Inter-middot American Statisticai Institute the American Statistical Association

and the Society for International Development and is Haitian Repre-sentative on the Committee on Administrative Practices or the Internationalmiddot Institute of Administrative Sciences Bon1lommesfather Henri Bonhommehas long been a Methodist minister in Port-auPrince and is President of the Haitian SociEHe Biblique His brothers in addition to Arthur Bonhommeare William Bonhommecurrently employed in themiddot Fiscal Department of the National Bankj Robert Bonhommea successful businessman and Paul BOnhoIl1leaUS- trained physician Bonhonune holds the Haitian National Order of Honor and Merit in the grade of Commander

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NOFORN

BOUCICAUT HAITI Jean-Rene

Former Chief of Staff Haitian frmed Farces

Considered by US officials to be the be st possible choice for the post Generalmiddot Jean--ReneBoucmiddotical1twas-middotmiddotavpointed-Chier-orStaff

over a number of senior -officers--o--bS~pt~~b~r-196iinth~~k~- of an alleged Illot against-ille-J)uvalier regime which re su Lted in sweeping changes in the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces

At the time of his appointment he bull considered politicallyas reliable personally loyal and in the full conft dence arid personal esteem of President Duvalier

Later reports have not all confirmed this estimate In February 1962 US Army sOUrces reported that he had followed the PathOf least resistance as a commander posirignoThreat-toDtivaTIer~--but-tEat--his

middotlnnate shrewdriesshad led him to maintain relationsbCps-Wlth -fiifiilerl-= tialmembersofthe P6rt-au-Princebusiness communTiY-as-Tnsurance-

agarns~his falling automatically with Duvalier~-Asource~onsTdered middotreli~ble reported in March 1962 tha--BoutiIcaut- hacrpromfsed--to--cooper-

- ~~ With middotmiddotanewmiddotgovernment eLthough-h~~wasurrwIilingmiddott-o--take--anmiddot- ~~tl~ bullbullt-ole inthe overthrow of DUvaT1er ~middotmiddotAnothersource - o-questIoiiiibIe--

reliability has reported that in late April Bouc Lceut vvas actively middotinvolvedinaplot middotto overthrow DuvaLter on 20 or 21 May by setting

6ff an explosion of ammuriitionstored at the NationaiPalace Other infonnatiqri suggests that Boucfaut would not becomeinvolved in a plotagaiIistDuvalier without a prior cozmnitment from the United States to support a new governmerrt A local militia leader reported

on25 Mayi962 that Boucfceutivas to be removed fr~m hiscominandthe followin9aay by presidential order He was subsequently replaced es

ChiepoundofStaifby Gen Gerar4 Constant and has fledI-Ia1ti

middotof competent Negro officer Boticicautwho had been Deputy Ghiet qf Staff since December 1960 is one of the few senior officers in~tl1e

-FIsitianArmy whdhas had coIllIllindof infantry troops and hemiddot has been conSidered altgood troop leader Gene ra L Boueicalit was born about-

191B and graduated from the- Haitian Military Academy at Portau-middot Princein 1941 He became a first lieutenant in January 1951 and was

- proniotedtocaptain in December i957 At the time of the latter prpniotLori h~was named Commandantof the 32nd ArM Transport Company

middotHe served in that position until December 1959 at which timemiddot he was bullpromotedt6full cOlcinel and appointed commandantof theM1Utary

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middots E~CREf ~

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-7-d 0 R FI DEN ~ I-A L

BONHOMMEJustin-Ernest (continued)

~

Bureau of the Budget He is aLs~__~1~ E~lt___~~ ___stld~~dat the tJnd6n School of Economics From 1927 to 1931 Bonhorronewas an employee of the Haitian Tax Bureau a position he left to become administrator

of the daily newspaper Le Nouvelliste A disagreement with the manage-of the newspaper caused~im to leave and he became a professor of

literature at the Lyc~e Petion in Port-au-Prince his alma mater From 1941 to 1947 he worked in the statistical section of Haitian Customs He joined the Fiscal Department of the National Bank in 1949 and by

1950 was reported to be the administrative counselor of the Department his maSor function being the rendering of technical advice and assistance to the vice pres iderrt in charge of the Department In this capacity he traveled with the latter to several economic meetings including the Thrid Conference of the Economic and SocdaL Council of the Organization of AinericanStates in 1949 and the GATTConferences at Tor~uay England in 1950 andGenevaSwitzerla1d in 1951 In November 1952 he was appointed to aspecial committee formed to s)lpervise the transfer of the

assets of the Societe HadtLano-Amer-tcaf ne de Development Agricole from -the old management to the National Bank ofHaiti

bull middotBoriR-ommesfirst major appointment came in September 1955 when

he was named Under Secretary of State for Finance-and-NationaTEcono-ncY aposi tion in which he was in charge of economic developmeiiC---The-------middot

National Planning Bureau the National-StatstIc-al-Orfce--the Bureau bfCoIIlInuilitY Development and othermiddot related agencies reported to himbull -iremiddot was Sdsb the coordinator of UNtechnical assistance and the Haitian

~memberof themiddot-JointmiddotHaitian-American Council for Economic Aid~middot Shortly ~terthe end-of the M8g10ireAdministration in December 1956 he

became office manager of the American-owned Societe Haitienne de -Minoterie SA (Flour Mill Corporation) near Port-au-Prince Mving

previously be(Il connected lith the concern WhenFraniJoi~_Du[a1ier became Presid~nt -illOctober 1957 Bonhommewas soon appointed Vice Pre sfderrt andDirector of the Fiscal Department 6ftheNational Bank

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot~succeeding Rene Scutt his fonner superior However in Novernber Bonhonmeresigned reportedly because-of his Unhappiness at not being

-able to retain ~ualified personnel at the Bank in the face of the middotnimerous-dismissals being effected in favor or poIi tical appointee s bull

Re neXt became professor Of public administration at the University -9~~1~iti Law School and in March 1958 was appointed a memberof-the ~RighTechnical CoUncil for National Resources anltEcon~~~~Development middotIn~ugust 1958 he cameto Washington in the latter capacity as a

mem1er of a cO~fee study group I

~gt

-BOnhOmmem~rried~ogeite POlyn~cein 1942 and is known to have seven cht Ldren He is reported to be a good r8mi1y man In 1950h~was described asspendingmostqf his time either working

-

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BONHOMMEJustin-Ernest (continued)

bull

-over-t Ime at the office or at homereading except for an occasional game of tennis He belongs to a number of professional organizations includingmiddotthe American Society fo~ Public Administration the Inter-middot American Statisticai Institute the American Statistical Association

and the Society for International Development and is Haitian Repre-sentative on the Committee on Administrative Practices or the Internationalmiddot Institute of Administrative Sciences Bon1lommesfather Henri Bonhommehas long been a Methodist minister in Port-auPrince and is President of the Haitian SociEHe Biblique His brothers in addition to Arthur Bonhommeare William Bonhommecurrently employed in themiddot Fiscal Department of the National Bankj Robert Bonhommea successful businessman and Paul BOnhoIl1leaUS- trained physician Bonhonune holds the Haitian National Order of Honor and Merit in the grade of Commander

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NOFORN

BOUCICAUT HAITI Jean-Rene

Former Chief of Staff Haitian frmed Farces

Considered by US officials to be the be st possible choice for the post Generalmiddot Jean--ReneBoucmiddotical1twas-middotmiddotavpointed-Chier-orStaff

over a number of senior -officers--o--bS~pt~~b~r-196iinth~~k~- of an alleged Illot against-ille-J)uvalier regime which re su Lted in sweeping changes in the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces

At the time of his appointment he bull considered politicallyas reliable personally loyal and in the full conft dence arid personal esteem of President Duvalier

Later reports have not all confirmed this estimate In February 1962 US Army sOUrces reported that he had followed the PathOf least resistance as a commander posirignoThreat-toDtivaTIer~--but-tEat--his

middotlnnate shrewdriesshad led him to maintain relationsbCps-Wlth -fiifiilerl-= tialmembersofthe P6rt-au-Princebusiness communTiY-as-Tnsurance-

agarns~his falling automatically with Duvalier~-Asource~onsTdered middotreli~ble reported in March 1962 tha--BoutiIcaut- hacrpromfsed--to--cooper-

- ~~ With middotmiddotanewmiddotgovernment eLthough-h~~wasurrwIilingmiddott-o--take--anmiddot- ~~tl~ bullbullt-ole inthe overthrow of DUvaT1er ~middotmiddotAnothersource - o-questIoiiiibIe--

reliability has reported that in late April Bouc Lceut vvas actively middotinvolvedinaplot middotto overthrow DuvaLter on 20 or 21 May by setting

6ff an explosion of ammuriitionstored at the NationaiPalace Other infonnatiqri suggests that Boucfaut would not becomeinvolved in a plotagaiIistDuvalier without a prior cozmnitment from the United States to support a new governmerrt A local militia leader reported

on25 Mayi962 that Boucfceutivas to be removed fr~m hiscominandthe followin9aay by presidential order He was subsequently replaced es

ChiepoundofStaifby Gen Gerar4 Constant and has fledI-Ia1ti

middotof competent Negro officer Boticicautwho had been Deputy Ghiet qf Staff since December 1960 is one of the few senior officers in~tl1e

-FIsitianArmy whdhas had coIllIllindof infantry troops and hemiddot has been conSidered altgood troop leader Gene ra L Boueicalit was born about-

191B and graduated from the- Haitian Military Academy at Portau-middot Princein 1941 He became a first lieutenant in January 1951 and was

- proniotedtocaptain in December i957 At the time of the latter prpniotLori h~was named Commandantof the 32nd ArM Transport Company

middotHe served in that position until December 1959 at which timemiddot he was bullpromotedt6full cOlcinel and appointed commandantof theM1Utary

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BONHOMMEJustin-Ernest (continued)

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-over-t Ime at the office or at homereading except for an occasional game of tennis He belongs to a number of professional organizations includingmiddotthe American Society fo~ Public Administration the Inter-middot American Statisticai Institute the American Statistical Association

and the Society for International Development and is Haitian Repre-sentative on the Committee on Administrative Practices or the Internationalmiddot Institute of Administrative Sciences Bon1lommesfather Henri Bonhommehas long been a Methodist minister in Port-auPrince and is President of the Haitian SociEHe Biblique His brothers in addition to Arthur Bonhommeare William Bonhommecurrently employed in themiddot Fiscal Department of the National Bankj Robert Bonhommea successful businessman and Paul BOnhoIl1leaUS- trained physician Bonhonune holds the Haitian National Order of Honor and Merit in the grade of Commander

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NOFORN

BOUCICAUT HAITI Jean-Rene

Former Chief of Staff Haitian frmed Farces

Considered by US officials to be the be st possible choice for the post Generalmiddot Jean--ReneBoucmiddotical1twas-middotmiddotavpointed-Chier-orStaff

over a number of senior -officers--o--bS~pt~~b~r-196iinth~~k~- of an alleged Illot against-ille-J)uvalier regime which re su Lted in sweeping changes in the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces

At the time of his appointment he bull considered politicallyas reliable personally loyal and in the full conft dence arid personal esteem of President Duvalier

Later reports have not all confirmed this estimate In February 1962 US Army sOUrces reported that he had followed the PathOf least resistance as a commander posirignoThreat-toDtivaTIer~--but-tEat--his

middotlnnate shrewdriesshad led him to maintain relationsbCps-Wlth -fiifiilerl-= tialmembersofthe P6rt-au-Princebusiness communTiY-as-Tnsurance-

agarns~his falling automatically with Duvalier~-Asource~onsTdered middotreli~ble reported in March 1962 tha--BoutiIcaut- hacrpromfsed--to--cooper-

- ~~ With middotmiddotanewmiddotgovernment eLthough-h~~wasurrwIilingmiddott-o--take--anmiddot- ~~tl~ bullbullt-ole inthe overthrow of DUvaT1er ~middotmiddotAnothersource - o-questIoiiiibIe--

reliability has reported that in late April Bouc Lceut vvas actively middotinvolvedinaplot middotto overthrow DuvaLter on 20 or 21 May by setting

6ff an explosion of ammuriitionstored at the NationaiPalace Other infonnatiqri suggests that Boucfaut would not becomeinvolved in a plotagaiIistDuvalier without a prior cozmnitment from the United States to support a new governmerrt A local militia leader reported

on25 Mayi962 that Boucfceutivas to be removed fr~m hiscominandthe followin9aay by presidential order He was subsequently replaced es

ChiepoundofStaifby Gen Gerar4 Constant and has fledI-Ia1ti

middotof competent Negro officer Boticicautwho had been Deputy Ghiet qf Staff since December 1960 is one of the few senior officers in~tl1e

-FIsitianArmy whdhas had coIllIllindof infantry troops and hemiddot has been conSidered altgood troop leader Gene ra L Boueicalit was born about-

191B and graduated from the- Haitian Military Academy at Portau-middot Princein 1941 He became a first lieutenant in January 1951 and was

- proniotedtocaptain in December i957 At the time of the latter prpniotLori h~was named Commandantof the 32nd ArM Transport Company

middotHe served in that position until December 1959 at which timemiddot he was bullpromotedt6full cOlcinel and appointed commandantof theM1Utary

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NOFORN

BOUCICAUT HAITI Jean-Rene

Former Chief of Staff Haitian frmed Farces

Considered by US officials to be the be st possible choice for the post Generalmiddot Jean--ReneBoucmiddotical1twas-middotmiddotavpointed-Chier-orStaff

over a number of senior -officers--o--bS~pt~~b~r-196iinth~~k~- of an alleged Illot against-ille-J)uvalier regime which re su Lted in sweeping changes in the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces

At the time of his appointment he bull considered politicallyas reliable personally loyal and in the full conft dence arid personal esteem of President Duvalier

Later reports have not all confirmed this estimate In February 1962 US Army sOUrces reported that he had followed the PathOf least resistance as a commander posirignoThreat-toDtivaTIer~--but-tEat--his

middotlnnate shrewdriesshad led him to maintain relationsbCps-Wlth -fiifiilerl-= tialmembersofthe P6rt-au-Princebusiness communTiY-as-Tnsurance-

agarns~his falling automatically with Duvalier~-Asource~onsTdered middotreli~ble reported in March 1962 tha--BoutiIcaut- hacrpromfsed--to--cooper-

- ~~ With middotmiddotanewmiddotgovernment eLthough-h~~wasurrwIilingmiddott-o--take--anmiddot- ~~tl~ bullbullt-ole inthe overthrow of DUvaT1er ~middotmiddotAnothersource - o-questIoiiiibIe--

reliability has reported that in late April Bouc Lceut vvas actively middotinvolvedinaplot middotto overthrow DuvaLter on 20 or 21 May by setting

6ff an explosion of ammuriitionstored at the NationaiPalace Other infonnatiqri suggests that Boucfaut would not becomeinvolved in a plotagaiIistDuvalier without a prior cozmnitment from the United States to support a new governmerrt A local militia leader reported

on25 Mayi962 that Boucfceutivas to be removed fr~m hiscominandthe followin9aay by presidential order He was subsequently replaced es

ChiepoundofStaifby Gen Gerar4 Constant and has fledI-Ia1ti

middotof competent Negro officer Boticicautwho had been Deputy Ghiet qf Staff since December 1960 is one of the few senior officers in~tl1e

-FIsitianArmy whdhas had coIllIllindof infantry troops and hemiddot has been conSidered altgood troop leader Gene ra L Boueicalit was born about-

191B and graduated from the- Haitian Military Academy at Portau-middot Princein 1941 He became a first lieutenant in January 1951 and was

- proniotedtocaptain in December i957 At the time of the latter prpniotLori h~was named Commandantof the 32nd ArM Transport Company

middotHe served in that position until December 1959 at which timemiddot he was bullpromotedt6full cOlcinel and appointed commandantof theM1Utary

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S-E-C-R-Eul NOFORN

BOUCICAUT (continued)Jean-Rene

-Department of the National Palace After his appointment as Deputy Chief of Staff he represented Haiti in February and March 1961 at the weaponsmiddotdemonstrations for Latin American military heads held in Puerto Rico arid Panamaand sponsored by the US Joint Chiefs or Staff On this occasion he met and conversed with General Lyman Lemnitzer Chairman USJoint Chiefs of Staff

General Boucicaut has reportedly led an austere life as Chief--cirS-taffmiddotcomparemiddotdwCih-thato-rfiis--predecessor- middotGeneral Pierre Merceron He creates a favorable impression in manner and appearancev vAlthough he has had no UStraining he has maintained

a cboperativemiddotartFfiidemiddotii-poundE-usofficials has worked well withthe ill Naval Mission and is on the whoTemiddotcon-sIderedtobereasonabiY~middotmiddot vellorientedmiddot toward the-ui1ited-Statesmiddotmiddotmiddot--Hemiddots-peaks-SpaniSh-and-middot--some~-English -He-is married-to the-middotformer Geslaine Desravines

the couple have three sons ages 4 7 and middot13 and one daughter age 12 He has been decorated with theOr-dr-e de Merite Militaire

Jean-Jacques Dessalines the Medaille ServTCellistinguJ the Brevet de Merite and the Medaille Militaire bullbull General Bouci caut and Major Claude Raymondare reported to be godsons of President

bull Duvalie( Howevermiddotan intense rivalry bordering on enmity exists between the two officers

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I

i CADETGeorges HAITI

Fornier Minister C)fAgriculture

A memberof the board of directors of the Societe Haltienne-~ Americaine de Developpement Agricole (SHADA)in Novemberi962

ex-Ministerof Agriculture Georges Cadet has been cited as a potential memberof any government which might succeed that of President Duvalter should the latter fall in the near future - As early as November1958 Cadet wasreported by a source of unknownreliability to be planning a coup against the present

middot regime

A brovn-sktnned-unilatrto Georges cadet was born in Portau Prince on-l--r--septemberisect09 Graduat fng fromthe St Martial Seminary Cadet studied agronomy at the Natdonal School of Agri

middot culture at Damren-~cCreceived a~mastEirsdegr~~~in the same ~e1~ rrom~RUtgers~UnIVer-sitY--He-aiso-hoids~aii~ceritiate~in~-iaw from the Unversi tyof Haiti Cadet-lias-se-rvedas-direCtorolthe National Sc406l of Agriculture and as a profe ssor at I Ecole

PolytechnlqueinHaitL In the fall of 1949 he was appointeiL~ - memberof the Council of Miliiqistration ofthe-~Autonmou5-Authbrity

middot for the Development or the ArtiboIiite Valiey--biit--he--~subsequeiltiy-- ~resigned because of policy d1sagre-ementwithOtEer-councir~Eim~~Isect~

He then served as chief of the Sectionor- AiToiogy--arurAiricul tural Techrio1ogyofthe National School of Agriculture

A professicmal chemist and former chiefagricult~al chemist of the DepartiIient of Agrdculiute C8det is higlilyrespecled--ror--

- gthis knowledge9f the country and itsagric~tur8Lprobiems~~ASa board memberof SHAI5Ajhe-appearedto-be-rr1erulJ y-Toward- that gIOUpand its AlIierican managemerrt

A retlririg schoLar-Ly person Cadet has edited severai agricUittiralpublications As of 1950 he was married 8nd pad bull three child~en FUrther biographic information on Cadet is currently unava1iable~

PrAgrmiddotmiddotmiddot middott-farCh1963

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i 2-

B-E-C-R-E-l NOFORN

i GAUTAVEI Leon HAITI I

I Leon Cantave a former brigadier general and Chief of Staff of the H81tian~ArIilf-O)ecemberi9)6Februari1957) IsbeEeved to be in

f exile in the United middotStates-middot-InFeDruarjmiddotT962-a-usuailyreTiiible -soUrcebull~ middot~dthrtSeveral-high-government-officiaTs-oftheDoIlllnic anRepubHc had agreed rto allow--dontave-and-a--numbet-of-other-Haifian-eiile s Ie-ie r by Roger Rigaud to plot--tl1e-overthrow-ofihe]5uvaHerregimefroUi- I

j Doliifnican~ferritory~-Aitilough retirea Contavesffirretiifiiss -degreemiddoto[ poli ticararld--inHHarypotentiaI-1Iei S friendii~toiarcfthe- Unitect States7-------------- middot--middotmiddotmiddotmiddot-middotmiddot--middotmiddotmiddot bull bullbull---middotmiddot- bull_bull_ bull- - -- - - - --middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotcmiddotmiddotmiddotF rI- I

Leon Cantave was born in Maissade Haiti either on 8 September i i90Tor on 28 September 1909 He was educated locally He gr-aduated i I fromth~ niil1taryacademy in 1932 and had an uneventful career becoming I a ico LoneL in 1953 In 195~ he became Quartermaster General of the I I Arrrr apost he held until the ouster of Paul Magloire in December 1956I when he became Chief of Staff

bull i I I The p~rt playedbyCantave inthe1957 Haitian po1iticaltu~iiI in difficUlt to assess It is knownthat Cantavewas acceptable to i middotmiddotmiddotPresident MaglOirelintii a few days before Magloire 5 government Was

middotoverthrownmiddot It was reported at that time that Cantave anticipating middotthefallof Magloire sWitched sides favoring a military junta that

would include himself and Clement Jumelle Magloire s Finance Minister (i954~56) bull J~lle who was Magloire s choice for the presidency in

i the1957eJectionSssupposed to have gone to the President withmiddot bullCantiave+s proposal The result was that Carrtave was placed under house j middotmiddotarrestthusllerm1ttinghlm to achieve a certain respectabilityin the I eyes of the revolutionary government Whenthe constitutional govern- ment of Joseph Nemours Pierre-wuis former head of the Supreme Court-

j~bull middotmiddotassumed theex~cutive po~erof 12 December 1956 Cantave was promoted middotmiddotmiddot tobrigadler gerieralandmBdeChief of Staff OstensiblyCantavekeptmiddot

middotmiddotthearmy6nd himself out of politics but when the Pierre-Louisgoverri 1- merit wasforcedintoa crisigt in early February 1957 Cantave used r the armyto insure an orderly resolution of the crisis Calling a ~j meeting of presidential candidates he attempted to insure the preside~ti~d succession to JbullBCineas memberof the SupremeCourt and consti- I bulltutionalsuccessor to Pfez-re-Louas The meeting was boycotted by r middotmiddotmiddotmiddotSenatorLuOisDejoie whose followers were responsible for the general t strike and vno was himself a presidential candidate Infuriated -

Cai1tavemiddotthreaten~d Dejotes personal safety and the strike was calledmiddot middotoff After several unruky sessions the legislature3et aside the

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OwEwe-R E-rp

I

i CADETGeorges HAITI

Fornier Minister C)fAgriculture

A memberof the board of directors of the Societe Haltienne-~ Americaine de Developpement Agricole (SHADA)in Novemberi962

ex-Ministerof Agriculture Georges Cadet has been cited as a potential memberof any government which might succeed that of President Duvalter should the latter fall in the near future - As early as November1958 Cadet wasreported by a source of unknownreliability to be planning a coup against the present

middot regime

A brovn-sktnned-unilatrto Georges cadet was born in Portau Prince on-l--r--septemberisect09 Graduat fng fromthe St Martial Seminary Cadet studied agronomy at the Natdonal School of Agri

middot culture at Damren-~cCreceived a~mastEirsdegr~~~in the same ~e1~ rrom~RUtgers~UnIVer-sitY--He-aiso-hoids~aii~ceritiate~in~-iaw from the Unversi tyof Haiti Cadet-lias-se-rvedas-direCtorolthe National Sc406l of Agriculture and as a profe ssor at I Ecole

PolytechnlqueinHaitL In the fall of 1949 he was appointeiL~ - memberof the Council of Miliiqistration ofthe-~Autonmou5-Authbrity

middot for the Development or the ArtiboIiite Valiey--biit--he--~subsequeiltiy-- ~resigned because of policy d1sagre-ementwithOtEer-councir~Eim~~Isect~

He then served as chief of the Sectionor- AiToiogy--arurAiricul tural Techrio1ogyofthe National School of Agriculture

A professicmal chemist and former chiefagricult~al chemist of the DepartiIient of Agrdculiute C8det is higlilyrespecled--ror--

- gthis knowledge9f the country and itsagric~tur8Lprobiems~~ASa board memberof SHAI5Ajhe-appearedto-be-rr1erulJ y-Toward- that gIOUpand its AlIierican managemerrt

A retlririg schoLar-Ly person Cadet has edited severai agricUittiralpublications As of 1950 he was married 8nd pad bull three child~en FUrther biographic information on Cadet is currently unava1iable~

PrAgrmiddotmiddotmiddot middott-farCh1963

bull

~

- ~

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i 2-

B-E-C-R-E-l NOFORN

i GAUTAVEI Leon HAITI I

I Leon Cantave a former brigadier general and Chief of Staff of the H81tian~ArIilf-O)ecemberi9)6Februari1957) IsbeEeved to be in

f exile in the United middotStates-middot-InFeDruarjmiddotT962-a-usuailyreTiiible -soUrcebull~ middot~dthrtSeveral-high-government-officiaTs-oftheDoIlllnic anRepubHc had agreed rto allow--dontave-and-a--numbet-of-other-Haifian-eiile s Ie-ie r by Roger Rigaud to plot--tl1e-overthrow-ofihe]5uvaHerregimefroUi- I

j Doliifnican~ferritory~-Aitilough retirea Contavesffirretiifiiss -degreemiddoto[ poli ticararld--inHHarypotentiaI-1Iei S friendii~toiarcfthe- Unitect States7-------------- middot--middotmiddotmiddotmiddot-middotmiddot--middotmiddotmiddot bull bullbull---middotmiddot- bull_bull_ bull- - -- - - - --middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotcmiddotmiddotmiddotF rI- I

Leon Cantave was born in Maissade Haiti either on 8 September i i90Tor on 28 September 1909 He was educated locally He gr-aduated i I fromth~ niil1taryacademy in 1932 and had an uneventful career becoming I a ico LoneL in 1953 In 195~ he became Quartermaster General of the I I Arrrr apost he held until the ouster of Paul Magloire in December 1956I when he became Chief of Staff

bull i I I The p~rt playedbyCantave inthe1957 Haitian po1iticaltu~iiI in difficUlt to assess It is knownthat Cantavewas acceptable to i middotmiddotmiddotPresident MaglOirelintii a few days before Magloire 5 government Was

middotoverthrownmiddot It was reported at that time that Cantave anticipating middotthefallof Magloire sWitched sides favoring a military junta that

would include himself and Clement Jumelle Magloire s Finance Minister (i954~56) bull J~lle who was Magloire s choice for the presidency in

i the1957eJectionSssupposed to have gone to the President withmiddot bullCantiave+s proposal The result was that Carrtave was placed under house j middotmiddotarrestthusllerm1ttinghlm to achieve a certain respectabilityin the I eyes of the revolutionary government Whenthe constitutional govern- ment of Joseph Nemours Pierre-wuis former head of the Supreme Court-

j~bull middotmiddotassumed theex~cutive po~erof 12 December 1956 Cantave was promoted middotmiddotmiddot tobrigadler gerieralandmBdeChief of Staff OstensiblyCantavekeptmiddot

middotmiddotthearmy6nd himself out of politics but when the Pierre-Louisgoverri 1- merit wasforcedintoa crisigt in early February 1957 Cantave used r the armyto insure an orderly resolution of the crisis Calling a ~j meeting of presidential candidates he attempted to insure the preside~ti~d succession to JbullBCineas memberof the SupremeCourt and consti- I bulltutionalsuccessor to Pfez-re-Louas The meeting was boycotted by r middotmiddotmiddotmiddotSenatorLuOisDejoie whose followers were responsible for the general t strike and vno was himself a presidential candidate Infuriated -

Cai1tavemiddotthreaten~d Dejotes personal safety and the strike was calledmiddot middotoff After several unruky sessions the legislature3et aside the

gt 5i~ ~ 0 bullbull 8 E eR B-2middot NOFORN

~- riraquo - t

i 2-

B-E-C-R-E-l NOFORN

i GAUTAVEI Leon HAITI I

I Leon Cantave a former brigadier general and Chief of Staff of the H81tian~ArIilf-O)ecemberi9)6Februari1957) IsbeEeved to be in

f exile in the United middotStates-middot-InFeDruarjmiddotT962-a-usuailyreTiiible -soUrcebull~ middot~dthrtSeveral-high-government-officiaTs-oftheDoIlllnic anRepubHc had agreed rto allow--dontave-and-a--numbet-of-other-Haifian-eiile s Ie-ie r by Roger Rigaud to plot--tl1e-overthrow-ofihe]5uvaHerregimefroUi- I

j Doliifnican~ferritory~-Aitilough retirea Contavesffirretiifiiss -degreemiddoto[ poli ticararld--inHHarypotentiaI-1Iei S friendii~toiarcfthe- Unitect States7-------------- middot--middotmiddotmiddotmiddot-middotmiddot--middotmiddotmiddot bull bullbull---middotmiddot- bull_bull_ bull- - -- - - - --middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotcmiddotmiddotmiddotF rI- I

Leon Cantave was born in Maissade Haiti either on 8 September i i90Tor on 28 September 1909 He was educated locally He gr-aduated i I fromth~ niil1taryacademy in 1932 and had an uneventful career becoming I a ico LoneL in 1953 In 195~ he became Quartermaster General of the I I Arrrr apost he held until the ouster of Paul Magloire in December 1956I when he became Chief of Staff

bull i I I The p~rt playedbyCantave inthe1957 Haitian po1iticaltu~iiI in difficUlt to assess It is knownthat Cantavewas acceptable to i middotmiddotmiddotPresident MaglOirelintii a few days before Magloire 5 government Was

middotoverthrownmiddot It was reported at that time that Cantave anticipating middotthefallof Magloire sWitched sides favoring a military junta that

would include himself and Clement Jumelle Magloire s Finance Minister (i954~56) bull J~lle who was Magloire s choice for the presidency in

i the1957eJectionSssupposed to have gone to the President withmiddot bullCantiave+s proposal The result was that Carrtave was placed under house j middotmiddotarrestthusllerm1ttinghlm to achieve a certain respectabilityin the I eyes of the revolutionary government Whenthe constitutional govern- ment of Joseph Nemours Pierre-wuis former head of the Supreme Court-

j~bull middotmiddotassumed theex~cutive po~erof 12 December 1956 Cantave was promoted middotmiddotmiddot tobrigadler gerieralandmBdeChief of Staff OstensiblyCantavekeptmiddot

middotmiddotthearmy6nd himself out of politics but when the Pierre-Louisgoverri 1- merit wasforcedintoa crisigt in early February 1957 Cantave used r the armyto insure an orderly resolution of the crisis Calling a ~j meeting of presidential candidates he attempted to insure the preside~ti~d succession to JbullBCineas memberof the SupremeCourt and consti- I bulltutionalsuccessor to Pfez-re-Louas The meeting was boycotted by r middotmiddotmiddotmiddotSenatorLuOisDejoie whose followers were responsible for the general t strike and vno was himself a presidential candidate Infuriated -

Cai1tavemiddotthreaten~d Dejotes personal safety and the strike was calledmiddot middotoff After several unruky sessions the legislature3et aside the

gt 5i~ ~ 0 bullbull 8 E eR B-2middot NOFORN

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S E G BE NOFoRN

1

CANTAVE Leon middotmiddot(continued)

COnstitutional successor Cineas and selected Franck Sylvain as provisional Presldenton7 February 1957 DUring the crisis of May 1957 Contave seized power but was defeated by a strike He then retired from the army left Haiti and flewto NewYork He visited Port-au-Prince in Auguflt of the same year hut reportedly was asked to leave

bull A mulatto Corrtave is married In the past he has visited Walter Reed ArmyHospltal on several occasions for eye treatments

~ middotBwkt July 1962

pen Cantavemiddot is at~~El_sent_r~p~~~~ i~_~_~~~~~~_~~_~~ep~1li_~ _~~_9~__ __where it is claimed heill oversee the training and prepar-atLon oa snJallinvasion force soon to be lau-Jdi3da~ins-t-I5Uvaliermiddot~middot-fhe~-middotgr9iIPmiddot is reportedly_ sponsored by middotfhe-Rii~Ucrbrother~TY(NatIonalmiddotDeriiocrati~

Union-ruoIrYa1dmiddotissaidto have the blessingof President Juan Bosch bull ---

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- 14-

CASSAGNOL HAITIPaul

PaUl Cassagnol was appointed Secretary of State for Finance and National Econonrj in the temporary government of President Joseph Nemours Pierre-Louis on 12 December 1956 On 6 December 1956 he had been among those imprisoned by President Paul Magloire In his new position he became a member of the Mixed (US-Haitiari) Council for Economic Assistance After holding extended interviews with him shor-t Ly after hi s appointme-nt~-Us--oTficIaismiddot char-acted zedCassagnol bulla$ an intelligent--hone-st--abie-an(Cpa-frTofic-man~-who-possesse(f in a~iiigh-degree the courage or-his-CorlviciTon-s---arldwho--api)earec[middotto-be de41catecftO~he obJecti ve-6f--free-ele-ctLon-S-and-inccirruptibIe-pubEc arlminlstration His interviewers~feH-at-thattme-ihat-he -would

t-eslgnir he did not have carte blanche to force the government to lire within it sbudget and to plug all fLnancial leaks

Born in Pcr-t=au-Pr-Ince on 1 May 1913 Paul Cas sagnoI received his primary education locally and compleied-hIs--siudies--fn--agrono~

aimiddotCornell University s -middotscEoclI-of--Agriculture-----middotSinc-e--tliatmiddotiImehe--hasbeen considered an able agronbmist-~--Returningmiddot-to-Haifi-Cas-s-agnol served for a time as inspector-instructor of agricultural education

iIithe Rural BducatLon Service and as director of agricultural experLe mentatSoltadere He became active in the American-sponsored agri-

cultural prograinof the Haitian government andwas named director of thecoffee section of the Rural Education Service Soon afterwards (1942) through family influence (he is related to the Sejourne

nibertjand Madsen funilies) he was appointed Undersecretary of middotmiddotSistefor Finance and National Economy a position he held until

his 1956 appointment Cassagnol was in and out 1943 From then middottintil ofp6liticsmiddot

As bf 1945 Paul CaasagnoLwas married and had one child AJi ~d~ntCatholic prior to 1956 he freq~eritly contributed religious

aIidpoliticalarticles to La Phalange a local Catholic paper HemiddotmiddotsPElak$excellentEngl1sh -

Cassaolis presently e~Jo~E~_~_~he ~~_eult~a] __4iY~_SiO~ artbe Inter-American Devel~men_~ank~_ i~~nK~~~~_bl

sevaralDominican-based exi~~_~o~ __~~1]ea~_i_~cp_~~fE-_P_~~~I~_~~~l government following Duvalier Isoverthiow bull He is also reported to

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotbea member of tl1e so-called nGovernment~~nell ~r~-iBTInei(~onc- 1ay 12 by Louis Dejoie and Daniel Fignoleib S~~~~~~t_~~~_~QJ~~co HiS brothers Raymondand Jacques Jl~~d one of thelilareactiveanti-

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NOFOREIGNDISSEM

gt CAUVINEmmanuel HAITI

A lawyer who has figured prominently in at least two conspiracy triais EmmanuelCauvin has also been mentioned as a possible futtire leade~ of RaitiThe earliest available reference to Gauvin is dated 1960 at which time he acted as one of the civilian defense layers in the trial of 16 Haitians connected with the Dupuy-Iiolarid Pauline plot against high offiCials of the Haitfan -GbvernmenT~-ID-February 196 2 he again defend~dan-accuse~~sectilspJratoril~_~tewnt

- Colonel (retired) Ernst Biamby who was condemnedto death for plotting the overthrow of the government and the assassination of

President Duyalier Cauvfn apparently attempted to appeal the sentence but in aiJy case Biambywas pardoned in a gener-al-amnesty

some months later In May1962 the same Bfambymentioned Cauvin as the possible head of a provisional regime after the departure of

Duvalier At the time Cauvin was described as an older manL-~ - moderate who could serve as a sort of Haitian Bozinelly -- a refer-

ericetoRafaelBonnel1Yof the Dominican Republic who servedre cEmtlyasPresidentof the interim seven-man Council of State in

ltmiddotmiddotti$fmiddotcountmiddotry J

middotCauvlnlslisted in a us Armyliaitian research ptOj~ct ssanqn- CoIljlIluIllstdissidentpersona~ity living in Haiti as of July 1962 Further biographic tnroraatIon concerning CauvIn is presentdyun-avarlaoie

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NOFOREIGNDISSEM

gt CAUVINEmmanuel HAITI

A lawyer who has figured prominently in at least two conspiracy triais EmmanuelCauvin has also been mentioned as a possible futtire leade~ of RaitiThe earliest available reference to Gauvin is dated 1960 at which time he acted as one of the civilian defense layers in the trial of 16 Haitians connected with the Dupuy-Iiolarid Pauline plot against high offiCials of the Haitfan -GbvernmenT~-ID-February 196 2 he again defend~dan-accuse~~sectilspJratoril~_~tewnt

- Colonel (retired) Ernst Biamby who was condemnedto death for plotting the overthrow of the government and the assassination of

President Duyalier Cauvfn apparently attempted to appeal the sentence but in aiJy case Biambywas pardoned in a gener-al-amnesty

some months later In May1962 the same Bfambymentioned Cauvin as the possible head of a provisional regime after the departure of

Duvalier At the time Cauvin was described as an older manL-~ - moderate who could serve as a sort of Haitian Bozinelly -- a refer-

ericetoRafaelBonnel1Yof the Dominican Republic who servedre cEmtlyasPresidentof the interim seven-man Council of State in

ltmiddotmiddotti$fmiddotcountmiddotry J

middotCauvlnlslisted in a us Armyliaitian research ptOj~ct ssanqn- CoIljlIluIllstdissidentpersona~ity living in Haiti as of July 1962 Further biographic tnroraatIon concerning CauvIn is presentdyun-avarlaoie

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CHAIMERSRene

Minister qf Foreign Affairs and Worship

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middotAppointed Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship by President Duvaiieron 30-ffaYl9Ql--Rene-Chalmers-hasmiddot-also-serve-aas-Aiilbassador to the Organization oT Ame-ricarlSiates-TOMT-and-asdeiegaietothe

middotisect~bulldEt~afii~-~~~~p~~~~i~yenI~~middot~~~~~r~sectE~-~~~1~~middotmiddot-~itf~~~i~~ing mittee -Descr-Lbed as ia quiet dignified manthbugh not notably astute in handling international affairs Chalmers is respected by his diplomatic colleagues for hisl personal-Lntegrrt~lt---EIichIe-frole seems to be tha ~=~~=~R~mentf~~middot~~~~~-oi~=~~-p~~~c1~fr~ctiv~~~()~-- President Francois Duvalier and ita date he appears both friendly to

the United States --ancrToyaY-toD~v-aner-----middot--middotmiddotmiddot

ReneChallners-was born ~~J-~~i~Port -au-Prince Alawyer and proflssorof mathematics he1entered public life in May 1957 when as ameznberof the DuvaLfe r fact~on he was appoiritedDirector General of the Ministry of Education in the Collegial Government~ Named SecretaryGeneral of the Foreign Ministry in November 1957 Chalmers became the nUIllber-two man in the Ministry where he enjoyed the com-plete conf Idence of the then Foreign Minister Dr Louis Mars He

traveJedto Santiago Chile to attend the GASForeign Ministers cOnfcentrencein July 1959 and in October was named to the interdepart mentalcommittee which prepared andpreseDted Haitis case against Cubagtforallegedfnvasion attempts) before a sub-committee of the

rnter-Aniei-ican Peace Committeebull In Februaryl960 he was relieved of his post inthe Foreign Ministry and appoiXted Ambassador to the

Domin-icanRepublic WhenRaffFbroke-relatioPs with that coUntrymiddot in Octobe~ Challnerswas appointed Ambassador to the -QAS-lnWashing ton~ vherelieserved until named tohispresent position-o--------

Chalmers has always been friendly toward the USEPloassy and he djsplmiddotays a sympathetic understanding of theproblem$ of diplomatic missions in Haiti However the Embassy estimates that Chalmers middotowes his high position not only to his personal t8l~ritsbut also to the loyalty he has maintained toward Duvalier he is obliged to refer ail important decisions to the PIeSidentand it would seemt~t his

attitudes toward the US are dependent on those of his superior Cb4~rs not an aggressive or dynamic personality is not likely to formUlate any radical departures in Haitian foreign policyqil his ovn

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and his primary role appears to be that of executing the stand~rd

poJicies of the President Distinguished in appearance dignified arid respec ced for his honesty-Ch8lmers--cfoes-uoCgfve-iheiiiipressfon

middotof being-particularlYIntellIgent or notably astute in managing interna tLona L affairs

A bachelor Chalmers is reserved almost to the point of shynessand is reported to have a-quiet-seDsemiddotmiddotorhumor-~ancimiddot-aHklDdiyHwlsdom

middotmiddotmiddotIn addition to French--and-creolemiddotmiddothe-speaks middotfaiispaIi3iihmiddotandmiddot-somemiddot middotEDgli5h~

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CHAM HAITIYves

Colonel Chamheld his most recent known post that of Staff Officer in General Headquarters from 1955 until at least March 1960 lie had previously been assigned to the Military Department of the

~ National Palace at Port au Prince (1945-54) An easygoing but e~ceptionally intelligent mulatto Chamis wen veIsed in the inner politics of Haitis armed forces by virtue of hiseictensiveserVlce in the General Headquarters In the event of an orderly coup he-middot

~ reportedly would probably occupy a top starrpositIon----IiiS-leadership potential however is not considered -to be great Chamisfavorably oriented toward the United States and is anti-Connnunist ----~~ ----_---p -----~-----

Born 4 September 1925 Yves Chamgraduated from the HaitLan Mili tary Academyin Inf8ltry_~Elpani 1945 and attende~_th~~_~~slt~~at~Offic~rs CoUrse at Fort Benning Georgia in 195Ii He reportedly hasfriends among senior US~offi~He is a Catholic In

good health he is five middotfeet nine inches tall and weighs 165 pounds Chamis married and speaks good English

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ClemaneBarbotrnthe course of the action Barbotescaped but two_ yoUng~middotoificersunder GiWms coranandwere killed by an explOding bomb-bull

Barbotsu~seqUent1y achieved prominence as a key figure in the Duva1ier adniinistration later jailed by Duvalierfar failing to split various

payofffunds wbot is currently at liberty in Port-au-Prince Cham mOre so than anY officer ortactive duty tOday is a~e of Barbot 5

~character and potential bull bull 1middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot r- Asofmid~8YCh~was_iripolitical asylum ill th~ Brazilian

-Embassy He may havemiddotbeen a Earticipant in the abartiveApri1 12 Iliilltary cagainst Duvalier In an event it was unlikely that

bull ~ hBOve survived Duvaliersincreasingly anti-Mulatto policies in

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and his primary role appears to be that of executing the stand~rd

poJicies of the President Distinguished in appearance dignified arid respec ced for his honesty-Ch8lmers--cfoes-uoCgfve-iheiiiipressfon

middotof being-particularlYIntellIgent or notably astute in managing interna tLona L affairs

A bachelor Chalmers is reserved almost to the point of shynessand is reported to have a-quiet-seDsemiddotmiddotorhumor-~ancimiddot-aHklDdiyHwlsdom

middotmiddotmiddotIn addition to French--and-creolemiddotmiddothe-speaks middotfaiispaIi3iihmiddotandmiddot-somemiddot middotEDgli5h~

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CHAM HAITIYves

Colonel Chamheld his most recent known post that of Staff Officer in General Headquarters from 1955 until at least March 1960 lie had previously been assigned to the Military Department of the

~ National Palace at Port au Prince (1945-54) An easygoing but e~ceptionally intelligent mulatto Chamis wen veIsed in the inner politics of Haitis armed forces by virtue of hiseictensiveserVlce in the General Headquarters In the event of an orderly coup he-middot

~ reportedly would probably occupy a top starrpositIon----IiiS-leadership potential however is not considered -to be great Chamisfavorably oriented toward the United States and is anti-Connnunist ----~~ ----_---p -----~-----

Born 4 September 1925 Yves Chamgraduated from the HaitLan Mili tary Academyin Inf8ltry_~Elpani 1945 and attende~_th~~_~~slt~~at~Offic~rs CoUrse at Fort Benning Georgia in 195Ii He reportedly hasfriends among senior US~offi~He is a Catholic In

good health he is five middotfeet nine inches tall and weighs 165 pounds Chamis married and speaks good English

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Ahinteresting incident in Chams backgr-oundconcerria his heading adetailmiddotfrl1957 which was ddspabched toroung up a bcabz-Ing headed by

ClemaneBarbotrnthe course of the action Barbotescaped but two_ yoUng~middotoificersunder GiWms coranandwere killed by an explOding bomb-bull

Barbotsu~seqUent1y achieved prominence as a key figure in the Duva1ier adniinistration later jailed by Duvalierfar failing to split various

payofffunds wbot is currently at liberty in Port-au-Prince Cham mOre so than anY officer ortactive duty tOday is a~e of Barbot 5

~character and potential bull bull 1middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot r- Asofmid~8YCh~was_iripolitical asylum ill th~ Brazilian

-Embassy He may havemiddotbeen a Earticipant in the abartiveApri1 12 Iliilltary cagainst Duvalier In an event it was unlikely that

bull ~ hBOve survived Duvaliersincreasingly anti-Mulatto policies in

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CHAM HAITIYves

Colonel Chamheld his most recent known post that of Staff Officer in General Headquarters from 1955 until at least March 1960 lie had previously been assigned to the Military Department of the

~ National Palace at Port au Prince (1945-54) An easygoing but e~ceptionally intelligent mulatto Chamis wen veIsed in the inner politics of Haitis armed forces by virtue of hiseictensiveserVlce in the General Headquarters In the event of an orderly coup he-middot

~ reportedly would probably occupy a top starrpositIon----IiiS-leadership potential however is not considered -to be great Chamisfavorably oriented toward the United States and is anti-Connnunist ----~~ ----_---p -----~-----

Born 4 September 1925 Yves Chamgraduated from the HaitLan Mili tary Academyin Inf8ltry_~Elpani 1945 and attende~_th~~_~~slt~~at~Offic~rs CoUrse at Fort Benning Georgia in 195Ii He reportedly hasfriends among senior US~offi~He is a Catholic In

good health he is five middotfeet nine inches tall and weighs 165 pounds Chamis married and speaks good English

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Ahinteresting incident in Chams backgr-oundconcerria his heading adetailmiddotfrl1957 which was ddspabched toroung up a bcabz-Ing headed by

ClemaneBarbotrnthe course of the action Barbotescaped but two_ yoUng~middotoificersunder GiWms coranandwere killed by an explOding bomb-bull

Barbotsu~seqUent1y achieved prominence as a key figure in the Duva1ier adniinistration later jailed by Duvalierfar failing to split various

payofffunds wbot is currently at liberty in Port-au-Prince Cham mOre so than anY officer ortactive duty tOday is a~e of Barbot 5

~character and potential bull bull 1middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot r- Asofmid~8YCh~was_iripolitical asylum ill th~ Brazilian

-Embassy He may havemiddotbeen a Earticipant in the abartiveApri1 12 Iliilltary cagainst Duvalier In an event it was unlikely that

bull ~ hBOve survived Duvaliersincreasingly anti-Mulatto policies in

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CHARLESJosephDorcius (Resicent iriRai ttj HAITI

Joseph Dor-cius Charles a Negro is a persoi1 of excellent repu tat ion in the local legal profession aDd in public affairs In

addition to serving as Ambassador to the United S1ites (1)46-50) ~ he has held three cabinet positions Secretary of Education Agriculture

and-Labor- (1940-41) Secretary for Education and iPubLdc Works )(1952- 53)- and Secretary for Foreign Relations (1955-56) It is said of Charles that he has a tolerant attit1lde toward other nations (ex z

cludingperhapsmiddot the Dominican Republic) and apparently has no preju dices ie is believed to be scrupulously honest and was described in lt

1956 as a quiet unassuming person with an excellent mind US officials have~tould him friendly andcooperati ve bullbullbull ~

WhenCharles assumed his ambassadorial duties in Washington he fas quite resez-ved iand reticent L1 the course of time however he becamemore se Lfltpossessed and no longer had to be approached with parked tact in order to gain hf s confrdence Appointed Ambassador by President Estime Charles resigned froin his post after the fa~l

of the Estime government on 10 May 1950 Returning to Haiti he J practiced law uritilhis1952appointment as Secretary of Educatio1

bull ii - and Pub1icWorksbyPresident Magloiie It is said that Charles wasbulli very-disturbed over the visit of Dominican presidential candidate QeneralHectorTrujillo and certain Dominican OffiCials to __~~~sect~_ri 1 mid-ApriF1952~ Heresignedfrom the cabinet on 31 March 1953 bull J

report~dlybecauseof his opposition to increasingly close ties between- thetwo goverrunents Charles serVed as chai rman or th e Haitian

deIegation to the second second part of the first session of theUN ~ Genera~LAssemblyin 1946 the second session in 1947and the fourth sess tondn 1949~He also chaired the delegation to the NilitJlI1ter-

nattonal Conference of American States at Bogota 1n1940

A recent report from a usually reliable source namediCharLesas-i memberof a shadowgovermnent in Haiti which is prepar~d to take ~E~9-ereinsofgovernmentshould Puv8lierfallCharles has been

ment10iledtwice as possible presidential material in 1950 and later in 1955 wherihe was referred to as a possible successor to the - ~ i~cumbent President Paul E Magloire According to the thinking of

bull someof the Magloire suppor-ter-s Charles was a per-son whomthey could handle and who might be the least objectionable to the various factions vyirigforpower inHai ti lt

Joseph CharLeS was b~rn on 15 November 1907 apound timbe Department of the North and received his law degree at the Law School in Cap

Hatieri hr1928Heremainedthere until 1940serving firstasa professor and later as Assistant Prosecuting Attorney and Judge middotthe CivilCourt He isa great admirer of George Washington and

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NOFORN

CHARIESJoseph Dorciusmiddot (continued)

AbrahamLincoln He has published various studies concerning pz-obLems ot the Haltians including Gral~es Au Vent (Seeds In the Wind 1933)arid A laCroisee des Chemins (At theCrossroads 1945) He speaks Preilch~Spanish and English In 1950 Charles married the tormer Solange Telsonand as or 1956 thecouple had five children bull Mrs Charles is thesister of Adelphin Telson tonner Minister of Interior Justice and Defense Another of her sisters is married to Colonel Marcaissemiddotmiddot Ferdinand Prosper rormer Chier or Police

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COL1I1()N HAITID~te s

Repor-ted to be a Communist sympathizer Dantes Colimon is a former Dir~ctor General of the Office of Labor-whose narrie-appeared on a January i95bUSEmbassY-lfs~orHaCfian-~ationals then considered to be influential in the formulation of government policies and actions

gt CoHman was born on 2 September 1912 in St Marc Haiti He was identified in )950 as assistant chief of- the General Inspection

bull v-

Service of the Haitian Labor Office supervising the work of labor inspectors and dealing with labor problems in general About 1951

Colimon apparently received a grant from the US DepartmeIlt-middotof-middotL8bor

to~-vfs-it the United States-andin-Aprfti953a US Embassy despatch referred to himas ffa~gr-ea -oftfSIsil f-friend --Yn-JUile--I955-he-headedthe Haitian deIegaHontltYthe-31tli-International Labor Organization Conference atGeneva on which occasion he stated that the 110 has

hada LeadIng role in the evolution or the social 8IJd economic conditions of out country II CoLtmon who reportedly speaks fluent

English lives in Haiti (His-sister-Ts-MarfeTherese Coiimon~--Presicient~of La--LjgileFeminine dAction Sqciale the most serious and

middotactiye romerir~groupin the country Miss CoLdmonwas reportedly a suppOrter ofmiddotIDufs Dejoieduring the 1957 election)

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CONSTAnTGerard

Inmiddotthe wake of the alleged plot against the Duvalierregime Colonel Gerard Constantwasmiddotcailed -home-ticini Europe io- head the--G-4 (Logistics B-ranchr-or-the-Armed-Forc-es--Oenerai --Staff-in September 1961 In DecemberI955-he-had--be-e-ii--riamed--io--hewf the 0-2 (IritelligenceBranch) and was the third-ranking officer with

bullthe title of Inspector General of the Armed Force s General Staff However the following November he was sent as Military Attache to Spain Itaiy and Germany (with residence in Madrid) an appoint-

middotmerrt which was looked upon as professional shelving or unofficial exile A negro officer he is not considered particularly abLe

middotHe has hM no US training but has themiddot reputation of being pro-United States in attitude----- ------- - -------------------

_Geard const~middotmiddot~middot~orn 5 September 1919 inPort~au-Prince~ From January 1939 until July 1941 he attended the Military School

1bull - ~ of Hani middotAfter receiving his second IJeutenants commission on

-middot5 Julyl541i he served as Service and Warrant Officer and as - ~-

bullDistrctCo~ndant in various districts in Haiti receiving his firstlietitenant s r-ank in January 1951 Promoted to captain in

ltJanuary 1957 Constant became Commandaritof the 30thCompany (January toMay) and Commandantin the Artillery Corps (i8yto

NovembEn~)ineach case serving in Portau-Prince - FromJ~uary tcijUrie1958- he was the QUariermasterOfficer of the Military Aca4emy

~ervingiriPetionvil1e and from JuIieto the end of that year was -ColllIIlBndantof the Penitentiary in Port-au-Prince receiving themiddot

rankbfmajor 01+ 1 August 1958bull During these years he was decor-atied WiththeBrev~tdeMerite (AugUst 1951) the Medaille Service

DistiQ~e (AugUst1954)the Ordrede MeriteMilitaire and the Jean-Jacques Dessal1nes (September 1958)

Colonel Constant is married to the former Mireille reon and Imiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~sofN6vember 1959 the couple had two sons Gerard Jr born Ln

~ ~~ bull~1953 aridEromanuelborn in October 1956 One brother is an ariilyr surgeon and V1ctorNeversConstantj Minister of Tourism is his cOuSin Colonel Constant was reportedly a gObd friend of former presidentialsecretary Clement Barbot and 1s apparently a Duvalier

I middotsupporter bull He speaks fluent French iand good spanish~ --Constant is

aRomanCatholic bull middot Jlispresent position notwithstanding Constant has peen a~middot lwtliipant in successive plots against DuvalieramOngdiSSyen~I~it~

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6fficers His has usually been the voice of caution and delay tiowever He has stated that he favors throwing Duvalier out

bulliyhe~ circumstances are propitiousJ Most-opposItlono-groups have apparentfYtaken him into th~ ir_~~~~_Il~_~ --

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CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

-SI a-RaE-fmiddot bull - bull

-

- ~ ~

NOFORN

CHARIESJoseph Dorciusmiddot (continued)

AbrahamLincoln He has published various studies concerning pz-obLems ot the Haltians including Gral~es Au Vent (Seeds In the Wind 1933)arid A laCroisee des Chemins (At theCrossroads 1945) He speaks Preilch~Spanish and English In 1950 Charles married the tormer Solange Telsonand as or 1956 thecouple had five children bull Mrs Charles is thesister of Adelphin Telson tonner Minister of Interior Justice and Defense Another of her sisters is married to Colonel Marcaissemiddotmiddot Ferdinand Prosper rormer Chier or Police

RWkt ~~

1962

~

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bull

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middot58middotmiddotmiddot bullSE-C-ftB middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotUOFoRN

c

-

- --

e 0 N-P-I D EN P I A t

COL1I1()N HAITID~te s

Repor-ted to be a Communist sympathizer Dantes Colimon is a former Dir~ctor General of the Office of Labor-whose narrie-appeared on a January i95bUSEmbassY-lfs~orHaCfian-~ationals then considered to be influential in the formulation of government policies and actions

gt CoHman was born on 2 September 1912 in St Marc Haiti He was identified in )950 as assistant chief of- the General Inspection

bull v-

Service of the Haitian Labor Office supervising the work of labor inspectors and dealing with labor problems in general About 1951

Colimon apparently received a grant from the US DepartmeIlt-middotof-middotL8bor

to~-vfs-it the United States-andin-Aprfti953a US Embassy despatch referred to himas ffa~gr-ea -oftfSIsil f-friend --Yn-JUile--I955-he-headedthe Haitian deIegaHontltYthe-31tli-International Labor Organization Conference atGeneva on which occasion he stated that the 110 has

hada LeadIng role in the evolution or the social 8IJd economic conditions of out country II CoLtmon who reportedly speaks fluent

English lives in Haiti (His-sister-Ts-MarfeTherese Coiimon~--Presicient~of La--LjgileFeminine dAction Sqciale the most serious and

middotactiye romerir~groupin the country Miss CoLdmonwas reportedly a suppOrter ofmiddotIDufs Dejoieduring the 1957 election)

JBkt

Colinloniseori~idered fo be a member of Haiti sndein~ratic middotleftngioupmiddot whose acknowledgedmiddot 1~ad~-ls~yr~9-6-~~~~~~~1~----

Ie is not considered to __be E~o-Co~~~~_1lYsect__ltff~~~~~~n_J-agimiddot

~ --

raquo ~ -

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gt

bull

lt poundr - _ -V1~

00 NPID E N-T-l-A-L -~ --~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

-~gt bullbullbull

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I

---S E e R-E-T

CONSTAnTGerard

Inmiddotthe wake of the alleged plot against the Duvalierregime Colonel Gerard Constantwasmiddotcailed -home-ticini Europe io- head the--G-4 (Logistics B-ranchr-or-the-Armed-Forc-es--Oenerai --Staff-in September 1961 In DecemberI955-he-had--be-e-ii--riamed--io--hewf the 0-2 (IritelligenceBranch) and was the third-ranking officer with

bullthe title of Inspector General of the Armed Force s General Staff However the following November he was sent as Military Attache to Spain Itaiy and Germany (with residence in Madrid) an appoint-

middotmerrt which was looked upon as professional shelving or unofficial exile A negro officer he is not considered particularly abLe

middotHe has hM no US training but has themiddot reputation of being pro-United States in attitude----- ------- - -------------------

_Geard const~middotmiddot~middot~orn 5 September 1919 inPort~au-Prince~ From January 1939 until July 1941 he attended the Military School

1bull - ~ of Hani middotAfter receiving his second IJeutenants commission on

-middot5 Julyl541i he served as Service and Warrant Officer and as - ~-

bullDistrctCo~ndant in various districts in Haiti receiving his firstlietitenant s r-ank in January 1951 Promoted to captain in

ltJanuary 1957 Constant became Commandaritof the 30thCompany (January toMay) and Commandantin the Artillery Corps (i8yto

NovembEn~)ineach case serving in Portau-Prince - FromJ~uary tcijUrie1958- he was the QUariermasterOfficer of the Military Aca4emy

~ervingiriPetionvil1e and from JuIieto the end of that year was -ColllIIlBndantof the Penitentiary in Port-au-Prince receiving themiddot

rankbfmajor 01+ 1 August 1958bull During these years he was decor-atied WiththeBrev~tdeMerite (AugUst 1951) the Medaille Service

DistiQ~e (AugUst1954)the Ordrede MeriteMilitaire and the Jean-Jacques Dessal1nes (September 1958)

Colonel Constant is married to the former Mireille reon and Imiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~sofN6vember 1959 the couple had two sons Gerard Jr born Ln

~ ~~ bull~1953 aridEromanuelborn in October 1956 One brother is an ariilyr surgeon and V1ctorNeversConstantj Minister of Tourism is his cOuSin Colonel Constant was reportedly a gObd friend of former presidentialsecretary Clement Barbot and 1s apparently a Duvalier

I middotsupporter bull He speaks fluent French iand good spanish~ --Constant is

aRomanCatholic bull middot Jlispresent position notwithstanding Constant has peen a~middot lwtliipant in successive plots against DuvalieramOngdiSSyen~I~it~

~7t

- S~7eRjE1middot lt ~-

I

StLmiddot 5 E C-R-Ff I

I

6fficers His has usually been the voice of caution and delay tiowever He has stated that he favors throwing Duvalier out

bulliyhe~ circumstances are propitiousJ Most-opposItlono-groups have apparentfYtaken him into th~ ir_~~~~_Il~_~ --

lt p

~

~

~-

A iA--

SEOREP

CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

-SI a-RaE-fmiddot bull - bull

-

- ~ ~

- --

e 0 N-P-I D EN P I A t

COL1I1()N HAITID~te s

Repor-ted to be a Communist sympathizer Dantes Colimon is a former Dir~ctor General of the Office of Labor-whose narrie-appeared on a January i95bUSEmbassY-lfs~orHaCfian-~ationals then considered to be influential in the formulation of government policies and actions

gt CoHman was born on 2 September 1912 in St Marc Haiti He was identified in )950 as assistant chief of- the General Inspection

bull v-

Service of the Haitian Labor Office supervising the work of labor inspectors and dealing with labor problems in general About 1951

Colimon apparently received a grant from the US DepartmeIlt-middotof-middotL8bor

to~-vfs-it the United States-andin-Aprfti953a US Embassy despatch referred to himas ffa~gr-ea -oftfSIsil f-friend --Yn-JUile--I955-he-headedthe Haitian deIegaHontltYthe-31tli-International Labor Organization Conference atGeneva on which occasion he stated that the 110 has

hada LeadIng role in the evolution or the social 8IJd economic conditions of out country II CoLtmon who reportedly speaks fluent

English lives in Haiti (His-sister-Ts-MarfeTherese Coiimon~--Presicient~of La--LjgileFeminine dAction Sqciale the most serious and

middotactiye romerir~groupin the country Miss CoLdmonwas reportedly a suppOrter ofmiddotIDufs Dejoieduring the 1957 election)

JBkt

Colinloniseori~idered fo be a member of Haiti sndein~ratic middotleftngioupmiddot whose acknowledgedmiddot 1~ad~-ls~yr~9-6-~~~~~~~1~----

Ie is not considered to __be E~o-Co~~~~_1lYsect__ltff~~~~~~n_J-agimiddot

~ --

raquo ~ -

middotmiddotfmiddot

gt

bull

lt poundr - _ -V1~

00 NPID E N-T-l-A-L -~ --~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

-~gt bullbullbull

~

t

I

---S E e R-E-T

CONSTAnTGerard

Inmiddotthe wake of the alleged plot against the Duvalierregime Colonel Gerard Constantwasmiddotcailed -home-ticini Europe io- head the--G-4 (Logistics B-ranchr-or-the-Armed-Forc-es--Oenerai --Staff-in September 1961 In DecemberI955-he-had--be-e-ii--riamed--io--hewf the 0-2 (IritelligenceBranch) and was the third-ranking officer with

bullthe title of Inspector General of the Armed Force s General Staff However the following November he was sent as Military Attache to Spain Itaiy and Germany (with residence in Madrid) an appoint-

middotmerrt which was looked upon as professional shelving or unofficial exile A negro officer he is not considered particularly abLe

middotHe has hM no US training but has themiddot reputation of being pro-United States in attitude----- ------- - -------------------

_Geard const~middotmiddot~middot~orn 5 September 1919 inPort~au-Prince~ From January 1939 until July 1941 he attended the Military School

1bull - ~ of Hani middotAfter receiving his second IJeutenants commission on

-middot5 Julyl541i he served as Service and Warrant Officer and as - ~-

bullDistrctCo~ndant in various districts in Haiti receiving his firstlietitenant s r-ank in January 1951 Promoted to captain in

ltJanuary 1957 Constant became Commandaritof the 30thCompany (January toMay) and Commandantin the Artillery Corps (i8yto

NovembEn~)ineach case serving in Portau-Prince - FromJ~uary tcijUrie1958- he was the QUariermasterOfficer of the Military Aca4emy

~ervingiriPetionvil1e and from JuIieto the end of that year was -ColllIIlBndantof the Penitentiary in Port-au-Prince receiving themiddot

rankbfmajor 01+ 1 August 1958bull During these years he was decor-atied WiththeBrev~tdeMerite (AugUst 1951) the Medaille Service

DistiQ~e (AugUst1954)the Ordrede MeriteMilitaire and the Jean-Jacques Dessal1nes (September 1958)

Colonel Constant is married to the former Mireille reon and Imiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~sofN6vember 1959 the couple had two sons Gerard Jr born Ln

~ ~~ bull~1953 aridEromanuelborn in October 1956 One brother is an ariilyr surgeon and V1ctorNeversConstantj Minister of Tourism is his cOuSin Colonel Constant was reportedly a gObd friend of former presidentialsecretary Clement Barbot and 1s apparently a Duvalier

I middotsupporter bull He speaks fluent French iand good spanish~ --Constant is

aRomanCatholic bull middot Jlispresent position notwithstanding Constant has peen a~middot lwtliipant in successive plots against DuvalieramOngdiSSyen~I~it~

~7t

- S~7eRjE1middot lt ~-

I

StLmiddot 5 E C-R-Ff I

I

6fficers His has usually been the voice of caution and delay tiowever He has stated that he favors throwing Duvalier out

bulliyhe~ circumstances are propitiousJ Most-opposItlono-groups have apparentfYtaken him into th~ ir_~~~~_Il~_~ --

lt p

~

~

~-

A iA--

SEOREP

CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

-SI a-RaE-fmiddot bull - bull

-

- ~ ~

I

---S E e R-E-T

CONSTAnTGerard

Inmiddotthe wake of the alleged plot against the Duvalierregime Colonel Gerard Constantwasmiddotcailed -home-ticini Europe io- head the--G-4 (Logistics B-ranchr-or-the-Armed-Forc-es--Oenerai --Staff-in September 1961 In DecemberI955-he-had--be-e-ii--riamed--io--hewf the 0-2 (IritelligenceBranch) and was the third-ranking officer with

bullthe title of Inspector General of the Armed Force s General Staff However the following November he was sent as Military Attache to Spain Itaiy and Germany (with residence in Madrid) an appoint-

middotmerrt which was looked upon as professional shelving or unofficial exile A negro officer he is not considered particularly abLe

middotHe has hM no US training but has themiddot reputation of being pro-United States in attitude----- ------- - -------------------

_Geard const~middotmiddot~middot~orn 5 September 1919 inPort~au-Prince~ From January 1939 until July 1941 he attended the Military School

1bull - ~ of Hani middotAfter receiving his second IJeutenants commission on

-middot5 Julyl541i he served as Service and Warrant Officer and as - ~-

bullDistrctCo~ndant in various districts in Haiti receiving his firstlietitenant s r-ank in January 1951 Promoted to captain in

ltJanuary 1957 Constant became Commandaritof the 30thCompany (January toMay) and Commandantin the Artillery Corps (i8yto

NovembEn~)ineach case serving in Portau-Prince - FromJ~uary tcijUrie1958- he was the QUariermasterOfficer of the Military Aca4emy

~ervingiriPetionvil1e and from JuIieto the end of that year was -ColllIIlBndantof the Penitentiary in Port-au-Prince receiving themiddot

rankbfmajor 01+ 1 August 1958bull During these years he was decor-atied WiththeBrev~tdeMerite (AugUst 1951) the Medaille Service

DistiQ~e (AugUst1954)the Ordrede MeriteMilitaire and the Jean-Jacques Dessal1nes (September 1958)

Colonel Constant is married to the former Mireille reon and Imiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~sofN6vember 1959 the couple had two sons Gerard Jr born Ln

~ ~~ bull~1953 aridEromanuelborn in October 1956 One brother is an ariilyr surgeon and V1ctorNeversConstantj Minister of Tourism is his cOuSin Colonel Constant was reportedly a gObd friend of former presidentialsecretary Clement Barbot and 1s apparently a Duvalier

I middotsupporter bull He speaks fluent French iand good spanish~ --Constant is

aRomanCatholic bull middot Jlispresent position notwithstanding Constant has peen a~middot lwtliipant in successive plots against DuvalieramOngdiSSyen~I~it~

~7t

- S~7eRjE1middot lt ~-

I

StLmiddot 5 E C-R-Ff I

I

6fficers His has usually been the voice of caution and delay tiowever He has stated that he favors throwing Duvalier out

bulliyhe~ circumstances are propitiousJ Most-opposItlono-groups have apparentfYtaken him into th~ ir_~~~~_Il~_~ --

lt p

~

~

~-

A iA--

SEOREP

CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

-SI a-RaE-fmiddot bull - bull

-

- ~ ~

I

StLmiddot 5 E C-R-Ff I

I

6fficers His has usually been the voice of caution and delay tiowever He has stated that he favors throwing Duvalier out

bulliyhe~ circumstances are propitiousJ Most-opposItlono-groups have apparentfYtaken him into th~ ir_~~~~_Il~_~ --

lt p

~

~

~-

A iA--

SEOREP

CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

-SI a-RaE-fmiddot bull - bull

-

- ~ ~

A iA--

SEOREP

CORVINGTON HAITIPaul

In early 1960 former colonel Paul Corvington an excellent middotprofessfonaroffIcerwaswidely regardedmiddotmiddotas-middotamiddotgooCi--pro-ipecCto leadanmiddot-6rde-rly-coupbecause--hecouTd--generate-loyalty-anduuify for a him-- bfhTs former new iegiIDe-due--t6---the~adinrrationaccorde-d

studenfs-atHai tfrs MITnary-Acad~--As--ofmiddotSeptetrtber -196I---however it wasreportedthathe himself- had-become resigned to the corrt Inued

middot ascendancy of DuvalIer tpover- and at that time he confided to a US official that in his opinion the United States should covertly sponsor some capable Haitian leader to replace Duvalier After the

1957 election in which Fran~ois Duvalierdefeated Louis De Joie Corvington who had had a definite political affiliation with De

Joie obtained asylum in the Spanish Einbassy in Port~au-Princewith middotmiddotmiddot~the help of US officials bull He sub se querrtIy TLedHaiti and spent

several months irimiddotSpain On25 January 1959 Corvington returned to t Port-au-Prince strengthening the belief that an invasion by

opposition groups was imniinent - j-

Paul CorVingtOn~asborn 19 April 191] into the eli te mulattomiddot ~octalclass Aftercbmpleting classical studies at the StLouis de CoqzaguelIisti tute and the Tippenhauerlnstitute he entered

i theMili tary Aca4emYipPqrt-au-Prince in October 1931 was r vI lt comniissioneqa second Jieutenant in August 1933 and then remained

j middot atmiddot the lt school as aninstructor He was transferred to the ~rter- i master Generalh1J1ily 1934 and in December-of thatmiddot year he vas promoted i to firstmiddot lieutenant In November 1935 CorvingtonwasnamedComman- I dantofChainpdeTir lriDecember 1937 he became Adjutant of the I Department of theWest amiddotpost he held Until March 1938 when he i ~s namecfa company commander in the Palace~Battalion~ When the Imiddot M1+~tBi-yAcadeioy returned reopened inJaDu~ry 1939 Coryington i middotasaninstrUctorand~emained until July 1941when he was J middotagainassigIied to the Palace Battalion as a company ~ommander ~ ~irig this period (1940) he attended middotth~ USArmy School at Fortmiddot i lteennlngtonhe later attended the US Army Artillery School at I I i bullbull FortSill during 1943 Uponthe creation of the Haitian Artiller-J I I Co~sinMarch 1942 Corvington became its Conmandarrt retaining 1

thisposHion until February 1949 when he received tbetitle of hecutive Officer and was ~ain transferred to the Military

Academy The ro1lowiriENcvemberas amember of an army missipn Ca~ta1nCorvington (a rank he received in OCtober 1947) travele~in~

~73- bull

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middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

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CORVINGTONj (continued) Paul

tne United States C~ada and Europe purchas Lng weapons and wiunun1tion for the Haitian Army The mission returned to Haiti

in July 1950 and the following January Cbrvington was promoted to major and named Director of the Militaz-f Academy

During 1954 Corvingtonwas reportedly one of a group of officers who were the constant cronies and coliaborators of

PresidentPaul Magloire Bovever- he was known to have stood up against Magloirejust prior to Magloires resignation On

Ifj 15 February 1957-in a meeting initiated by Corvington with a

I

I USqfficial corvtngton attempted (as interpreted by the official) i to find out for the new Provisional President of Haiti Frank r

t

Sylvain what the criteria would be for US recognition of any defacto government which would include the replacing of Gene raL

gtteonCantaveas Chief of Staff by Corvington TheUS official ltregarded Corvington as being a personally unambitious--buCslncere

iiieiiberof the younger group of officers then desirousof removing middotlt~thearmy frompolLtics and specifically getting it out from under bull the control of Cantave and his pOliticalmiddotmachinations On18

I iFebrUary Lielltenant Colonel Corvangton was su6marily relieved as middotCo~dant-oT~heAciideiiiyand-iransfeftedi1ilme-diaTelY-tothe--~post

t Imiddot Qrfnspector General at Cap Haitien On 17 June he wasamong-a-- group of 23 officersmiddot who were disinissed-fr-orrth~e-armyoiivarious jltcharges and warned that their safetyclependea-ontheir staying I clear or allpoli tical activity ----------------- bull

I middotmiddot~gtmiddotmiddot~~palJ~~c6hrngto~i5 a tell arid handsom~man of w~rmper-sonaLf tygt bullmiddot~lIespeBksvery good English In times p~sthe has kept US offiCials

~ middot1n~PrmedofdevelOpments apparently without any expectation of j rewardmiddot Heis regardedas beingmiddotsincerely pro-VnitedStatesmiddot L~~middotmiddot~ 1 gt)) gt jmiddotmiddotrnfkimiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

1 omiddot~~~~5 mid~jrBjr 196~i~ to haveleftH~iti forn GorvingtonWasreported

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SECREf

DErOIE Louis HAITI

A politician-businessman who is cUrrently one of the principal opposItIOii--Ieaderstothe--DUvaIiermiddot-adIDiiiIstration-LQuis---De j cfe ismiddotmiddotmiddot a--former Haifian-pres[cfentlaIcandidate and an ex-Senator from the

middotmiddotDepartment-CTihe-South- middotAIthoughihe-66year76iCimiddotbejoie had been a--focalpointof-opposltion attempts to over-throw the Duvalier

regime his_ influence reportedJy has been weakenedmiddotsince his exile middot---middot-----8----- ------------ --- --------------- -- --- - --- --------fom l~iti ~nMay 195

Dejoie was born on 23 February 1896 in Port-au-Prince middotHis great grandfather was President Fabra Geffrard whomDejoie has

said he admires because he had the courage to seize the presidency by revolution Dejoie attended the Coll~ge St Martial in Port-au-

Prfrice the College St tvlichel (Jesuit) in Brussels from 19l until 1914 and the Institut Dupuich in Br-uaseLs and was graduat-ed as

engineer-agronomist from the Belgian I~stitut Agronomique de Gembloux in 1920 By 1921 Dejoie had returned to Haiti and thereafter

occupied the posts bfDirector of the Practical School of Agriculture - chenii5try professor at the Lycee PetLenin Por-t-uu-PrInce arid chemist

viththeHaitian-Americ8n Sugar Company(RASCO) Between 1924 and 1935 he was assistant to themiddot director of the Haitian Agricultural TeclIDical Service and Rural Ed~cation assistant and iferichfefmiddot of

middottheDePartmEmtof IrrternaLand Foreign Markets and chfef of the Elcperimerital Coffee Station Hewas the Haitian delegate to the

1929Coffee Conference in NewOrleans During the decade after j 1935Dejdie was variously employed as agronomist in charge of the) i -Departmen~of the South directorofagticultural extension chief 1-middot -gt - of themiddot Depiirtmentof RUral Engineering and Rural EconbmY~s well as Imiddot-middot~(middot middot3aprofessbr p1 ruraleconomj- andagTiculturaltechnology bull In 1945 -gtDejb1ewas elected President of the Haitian Chamber ofComni~rce--oas middot~eJl as Senator oftiie ~RepUbfic~-repre-senting-ihe--DepaXtmenf-C5f-fiie---i middotSouthmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotthearea vhere hi~~-e~i~~~li~~jiiri~~~~~i~=-hii~~~~6~~-=-~~-~-~~~~~~

i middot1 bull middotDejoie has been called Haiti s leading native industrialis~~

repUtation derivemiddot largely fromthe-de-aIings-ii1-- essentiat~oiis ( ciironella i LemoOgrassetc~)of whichcommodities he claimed to be tllevorldg I _mgeStWoducer In i950 Dejo Le was listed as head of the Anacoana

middotmiddotAromBttcsComPanywhich during that year secured amiddotloan of $800000 rromthemiddotUS firm Nonda Essential Oil and Cheinical Comp~ofNew

Yo~kfoi-the purpose of leasing new lands andpurcila$ing machfnery - IIi 1951 Dejoie announced that he had purchased a sniallsugarmill in

middot~Lcniisl8nawith the Qbject of dismantling and r~asseIilblingit near ~t-Cap-Hsitianwhere he had extensive hoLdangs in cane bull After gof ng -intoexiiein thespr1ng of 1958 Dejoie is said to have soLd his

ititeresiin the essential oil enterprise (presUmably Ariacoana) toa UScomp8nyto avoid nations1izat1on 9fhisholding5~

-79 8-EaCRamp-f

_n_~~X~~~-

- )1-

DEJOIE Louis ( continued) HAITI

Dejoies political machinations have been no less intricate In early 1949 the Estime regime accused Dejoie of complicity in Colonel RoLands plot to overthrow the government through an invasion

from the Dominican Republic Although Dejoie was indeed outspokenly opposed to the Estime administration the accusation was probably unfounded despite the fact that Dejoie was Rolands choice for the

amp presidency EarlierJ in 1947 Dejoie had been mentioned as a possi ble successor to MaxRudicourt Secretary of the Popular SoCialist Party (Partie S9cialiste PopuIaf r-e - PSP) allegedly a Communist group receiving funds from the Popular Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Popular - PSP) Cubas Communistparty

After the overthrow of President Estime in 1950 by the Magloire junta ~Jlt~~~~ly _co~~~~~~middot~~~E~I~~middot~_~~~e_ss~q~5r~lt~c~nsi~tuti0Ilai but admitted that the change would probably benefit his commercial interest6-fh 1952-rIagTi)iresccus-e-cfhiIii- as nan1el(asweil F1gnole

andEhlIest-LotTo- TnsiigatIngille-revoItS-ancfstrikesCthat -I period~ During the Magloire era DeJoiemadeknownhTspresidential r

~ middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~~t~h~~a~ff~p~~~-~~middot~~~~af~~middot~-middotb~~s~~~~~~~-Ji 1

t i n ~ebruari 1956 Dejoie formally declared his candidacy for 1middot - presidential officeJ although eledionswere not scheduled uiltil jlate Aprili957InApril 1956 government newspapers claimed that 1 l)ejo1E~waslneligible to run since his birth had been registered at 1 theFrenchgtlegation and ne was therefore nota proper Haitian gt middotmiddotHoweverDejoie continued his campaign undauntedJandwasinstrumental Jntheouster6fMagloire in December1956 By March 1957 Dejoie 1 bullmiddotmiddot~badbeenjoined iilhis candidacybyFignole DuvaLier and Clement J1Jlli=lle~At the endofMay~ after considerable political jockeying

f ltforposition~bng the three (and the appointment of several snor-c- I livedcabin~tsFigh6Ie wasnamedhead of a new provisiorialgovern J~mentandmiddot Dejoiesupporters foundrthemseIves without a cabinet post iltDejOie wentintoh1ding while other members of his party were middotJailed He emerged in July 1957 amid rumors of a rapprochementLjti WithGelleralAntonio Kebreau head of the then currant military rgtjunta~Bylate July Dejoie forces had agreed to jolnwith the IX Fignblistgroup headed by Rene La Forest in opposition to Kebreau

j Aftertheelectiori ofnuvalier in late October 1957 Dejoie jmiddotmiddot~in wentirito hiding Pardoned officially bY~buvalier-on i5-- I iFebruary 1958) he first ventured out to meet with the President bn

~2February At this meeting Dejoie requested freedom for opposLtLon bull middotmiddotmiddotgtJlEIrtiesmiddottheri~tto strike and-a general amnesty Duvaliers reply ~~ltVas apparently negative since on 2 May the Haitian government

middottmiddot~ltmiddotde6laredDejoie an outlaw He then requestedandrecelVedasyltlJIi middottromtheMexican Embassy in Port-au-Prince from which he proceeded

lt~jEjd -80- s Ei-CR-EKi

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DEJOIE Louis (continued) HAITI

~pMexicoCity and then to NewYorkwith his family In Novembe~middotmiddot 1958 a Haitian tri bunaY-conderrne-ltne]oie-middot-tomiddotdeath-middot-inabsentla-middot-~----biiEhe-was iater-pardo-ned bull -BY IateJanuary-i9 59Dej oie was in

Havsna-attemptingto-raisemiddot--arms-and-middotmoneymiddot-rora-forthcoiiiingii1vasionbull sectr his- h~e~~=~~~~e -~fi~_~_-=_~e~emiddotp~~~~~~-~~~~ omiddot~-e_-middotInalti-ng

j i

bull __iro~gcmyen broadcasts over Cubas Radio Progreso which the Haitian government

c was not-completelYsuccesSrUl in jamming-AlthoughDejoiewascon-I middotmiddotiA~ that -iiis-movement Wouia-o btain-arms-aila money from-flie--Cuban -r--- - _ j middot 6 -------- -- -- -- 0 bullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbull _ bullbullbull bullbullbullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull __ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbull bullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull -

i _2th-of-J1~y_~Moyementhe apparently did not receive adequate support from the--CUbansmiddot-fo-S1l-3ta1n--fheoperat1onsmiddot--u-ecessarytO over-throw Duvaiier--In-Februaryi955i wliIle-itnciiegotia-iing foriiid~-

r

i I from the Cub-angovernment Dejoie became President of the Democratic

League of Haiti a coalition of Haitian opposition groups In an attempt to gather more support for an invasion of Haitihe-con-tacted groups in V~nezuela Cuba and Mexico and as a result a Unity pact among the exile groups was signed At that time it was

middotreported that Fidel Castro plannea to meet withthe lfaitian exdLe leaders andthat hewas anxious to start another ffghting froritin Haiti to add to the problems of the Dominican Republic In this

samevefn Dejoie was quoted as declaring that the Lfber-atLon of Haiti is the firft step toward the liberation of Santo Domingo

ltand that if we overturn DuvaLter I am df aposed to put the terr1tory-- 6fHaitiirithe hands of the Dominican revolutionaries

- ~ -

1

F

j middotAitllCjUghDejoiereportedly announced his intention to ~ithfuaw _ middotmiddotfr()lll Haitian poll tics and to abandon the figh~ to overthrow Duvalieri n1960he travelledtomiddotCaracas wheremiddothemiddotmaintained areside~ce ana j apparentlyertgaged in further opposdtion activities In Aprlll961 he I~gt ~i)wasreported toberi Nicaragua on an errand which hedescribedaslt

i ~qne atop on a Latin American tour to study the living condft~ons l~gtmiddot offieldworkers~ -in order to apply his observat-fons to Haiti upon i 2middot~lt~hi~re~urnto that -coUntry Healsocrlticized President Dilvalier 1- gt _i bullasah encourager of Communismsoas tobi8ckmailmiddotthemiddotUniie-dStates~ IY-IriJune i96i Dejoiew~sreported tobe planning to-Join--nanier--- middotmiddotmiddotFigriole in Jamaica where he is believed to be residing at presenti middotmiddotlJait1anForelgn Minister Rene ChalmersreportecUy hoped somemeans coulqbefoUng for the united States to prevent Dej6ie s dep8xture~ -and that trieUni ted States would use its influence with the Bri Ush jmiddothmiddotltmiddotg6vermiientt~ urge the refusal of a Jainaicanvisa forDejoie~in i a Fbreign Office note Chalmers stated that Dejoie s intent 1n igtgoing tomiddotJamaica 1scerta1nly to organizeiileg4 international

)middotimiddot -83-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

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- -- - - -middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~~~emiddot ~middotmiddot ~ - -~middot~~rmiddot

-l~- -IJ ~

DEJOIE Louis (continued) HAITI

~pMexicoCity and then to NewYorkwith his family In Novembe~middotmiddot 1958 a Haitian tri bunaY-conderrne-ltne]oie-middot-tomiddotdeath-middot-inabsentla-middot-~----biiEhe-was iater-pardo-ned bull -BY IateJanuary-i9 59Dej oie was in

Havsna-attemptingto-raisemiddot--arms-and-middotmoneymiddot-rora-forthcoiiiingii1vasionbull sectr his- h~e~~=~~~~e -~fi~_~_-=_~e~emiddotp~~~~~~-~~~~ omiddot~-e_-middotInalti-ng

j i

bull __iro~gcmyen broadcasts over Cubas Radio Progreso which the Haitian government

c was not-completelYsuccesSrUl in jamming-AlthoughDejoiewascon-I middotmiddotiA~ that -iiis-movement Wouia-o btain-arms-aila money from-flie--Cuban -r--- - _ j middot 6 -------- -- -- -- 0 bullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbull _ bullbullbull bullbullbullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull __ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull - bullbullbullbull bullbullbullbull _ bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull -

i _2th-of-J1~y_~Moyementhe apparently did not receive adequate support from the--CUbansmiddot-fo-S1l-3ta1n--fheoperat1onsmiddot--u-ecessarytO over-throw Duvaiier--In-Februaryi955i wliIle-itnciiegotia-iing foriiid~-

r

i I from the Cub-angovernment Dejoie became President of the Democratic

League of Haiti a coalition of Haitian opposition groups In an attempt to gather more support for an invasion of Haitihe-con-tacted groups in V~nezuela Cuba and Mexico and as a result a Unity pact among the exile groups was signed At that time it was

middotreported that Fidel Castro plannea to meet withthe lfaitian exdLe leaders andthat hewas anxious to start another ffghting froritin Haiti to add to the problems of the Dominican Republic In this

samevefn Dejoie was quoted as declaring that the Lfber-atLon of Haiti is the firft step toward the liberation of Santo Domingo

ltand that if we overturn DuvaLter I am df aposed to put the terr1tory-- 6fHaitiirithe hands of the Dominican revolutionaries

- ~ -

1

F

j middotAitllCjUghDejoiereportedly announced his intention to ~ithfuaw _ middotmiddotfr()lll Haitian poll tics and to abandon the figh~ to overthrow Duvalieri n1960he travelledtomiddotCaracas wheremiddothemiddotmaintained areside~ce ana j apparentlyertgaged in further opposdtion activities In Aprlll961 he I~gt ~i)wasreported toberi Nicaragua on an errand which hedescribedaslt

i ~qne atop on a Latin American tour to study the living condft~ons l~gtmiddot offieldworkers~ -in order to apply his observat-fons to Haiti upon i 2middot~lt~hi~re~urnto that -coUntry Healsocrlticized President Dilvalier 1- gt _i bullasah encourager of Communismsoas tobi8ckmailmiddotthemiddotUniie-dStates~ IY-IriJune i96i Dejoiew~sreported tobe planning to-Join--nanier--- middotmiddotmiddotFigriole in Jamaica where he is believed to be residing at presenti middotmiddotlJait1anForelgn Minister Rene ChalmersreportecUy hoped somemeans coulqbefoUng for the united States to prevent Dej6ie s dep8xture~ -and that trieUni ted States would use its influence with the Bri Ush jmiddothmiddotltmiddotg6vermiientt~ urge the refusal of a Jainaicanvisa forDejoie~in i a Fbreign Office note Chalmers stated that Dejoie s intent 1n igtgoing tomiddotJamaica 1scerta1nly to organizeiileg4 international

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- -- - - -middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~~~emiddot ~middotmiddot ~ - -~middot~~rmiddot

- 21 -

-- - -DETOIELouis (continued) HAITI- -

~ctiVities against the Constitutional Government of His Excellency ---Dr Frahcofs Duvalier tending to disturb the international peace

OfrrrycouritrY and thus to increase the tensions of the Caribbean DejOie who has been -granted-permission to reside in Jainaicauntil

_4 December 1962 has taken an oath that he will not engage in -zevolutLonary activities while there The US Embassy in Port-au-

ltPrince reported in late January 1962 that although there was no proof it was rumored that a meeting had recently been held of ali exi1edoppositionleaders in Jamaica

-

Dejoie who is married and has three children speaks exce Llerrt English and some Spanf sh in addition to French He seems to be

very friendly toward the United StateS

JB de Jtilyl96a

In recent months~nejoie has very actively courted- the suppor-t of -the~tTS DomliilCaii=~l~-=Y~ii~j~~l~_ii_-g-~~f_~~~~-Tipound_~s~~~~~~-~~yenr1~~

- bull at ouSting DUvalier~ Onyy ~-~~ j_~~EE~l~~~_pl~~~J___ fJgl~~~_Cl_I1d ~everal lesser exile __~ji~Cll~-Q~~t~~~j-= leaEer~_1lY~-)~~~Eni1K5l

c- - iri-exile inSan Juan Puerto Ric o At that ~~ re_ClIP~~ed confident that tre_group Wouldquickly gain the support of several

tcovernments and~ hIedtampa~~i~~~~-~~~uld~~~ee-l~~Io-~F~fig_Q~~Ure- 0 -bear uponDuv8her __ Jg~J~lD the Orl1~~J~9L ~~~~_~~Ilsect~~~e~~ HaWever~ to date the gQVernme~-exile group has fa~_led tomiddot sectain ~eit~rthe recognition of another gov~E~n_~_~_he s~El~ort of

Haftlanexiles generally

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- 3c-

DELINCE Kern HAITI

Assistant InspectorbeneralHait ian Army

tamiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotImiddotI I

Presently in asylum in the Brazilian Embassy the strongly ant~-Duvalier and clearly pro-United states Lt Col Kern Delincer-is the-

ASsistant Inspector General of the Hait Lan Prmy and according to pressreports middotas als 0 a member-of the legal section of army headquarters

An assOciate of Col Lionel Honorat (Haitian Prrrrymiddot G-l aLso in asylum)- in the abortive plot of fOAprITl962--DeIlilce-togetherwit-hCol-----DanielBeauyoirLt Col Jean E Bernier Lt Roland Nagloiie~-FritzLamothe and others accepting considerable risks approached US

Olricials in Port-au-Prince in order to request arms and approval fora move against the DUviiHer-regIme---The uiisuccessfUl attempt reportedlynad either active ~ passive support from the Haitian krrry Chief of Staff GeneraLGer ard Constant Delince who is convinced that PresidentDuvaliermust go soonest for the benefit of Haiti was reportedly proposed as a leading member of a pr-ovis iorial military government bull

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Ll1late1962Kern DelinceprOVided useful information to the middotUS iTavalVission in Port-au-Prince ATJSofficialcoIlllleuronting on Del ince s

~lum rep6rtedbri 16 April 1963 that both he and LioneL Honorat have~enrOundgtbyEmbassypersoruielto be capable earnest and professiona~

middotIililitary-men sincerely disturbedby Duvalier regim~moves totindermirte 5 andgtdegrad~theArmedForcesof Haiti Their premature coupeff6rh

lbullbullhUe ill-~dvised was honorably motivated prior to this atteppt oeliIice and Honorathad been considered amongthe rilOstpromising young

officers who in the future could be exoected to play_a SignifiCant rolemiddotmiddotunder a more enlightened successor government

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- 3 -

S-E-C-R-EP NOFORN

OOUBIETTE Antonio HAlT

Nowre siding in the United States Lieutenant Colonel Antonio

~~~1~tte1~~-~~re ~~~j_~middot=9~ITr~--~~i~h~d=~-~~~_-~~~f1lli~~-~A~smiddoti Military) Naval and Air Attache in Washington) was apparently forced0

middotmiddot1nt6-refirement-nSeptembei-middotisect6r-as-a-resuTf-o-sweepingci1angesmade--------~--------------- - bull -- In the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces in the wake of an - alleged plot against the Duvalier regime DoubLe t te j va highly qualified

professional officer) vas considered by the -Chi-efof--middotStaff-or--a-riio-r~~---- important middotpos1tIon-buE-DUvaIierwa-s suspicious--a --noubleite-js ioyaTty

_~theregime and withhelcimiddot~iire-s1-de-nEaImiddotapprovai--- --DUv81ferwas ------ -----reporTedly(fisple-ased wFthDoUblettEs-conductat the time of an

aoortive eightman invasion of the Palace barracks in 1958) but through the rrrtereesscon of General Pierre Merceron and Major Claude Raymond

0 bull (the brother-in-law of Doub le t te IS wife) ) his retirement was allegedly pr~verited~tthat time In early 1960 Doublette was included in a list l- - of offplusmncerswho would probably have held top positions in the event ofbull ~ anarmyc6upi~spiiedby ex-co Lone L Paul Laraque pound9ub_1ette_is _ outsPQkenlypro-UnitedStates and anti-Communist He gives the United-

middotStates-andpartimiddotcularly the us Marine Corps c~cilt forwhatstabIITty-- - middotmiddotther~ltisii)Haiti In May 1961 he was said to be ariti~Dominic8nRepub-i1~gt

bull ---- bull bullbull r bullbullbullbull bull

Bbpi-bn _6Dec~mber1923 Antonio Doub Lette completedhissecond8rymiddot 1

1 middoteducationmiddotwlth tllehighestacademic rating in his class He is a 1945 graduat~~ of the Haitiari Military Academy and in 1953he compreted 1he

middotmiddotbull Company-Officers-Class-at--FortBennIngj-Ge6rgia~--bullAssociateInfantry j bullDoubletteissaid to -hc)TCfan-LCB degreeand~h~spentmu~h-ot~ls - 1middot carecentras a)rofe ssor at the He also -- MilLtaiy---Ac8demy served--asI middotmiddotmiddotCommandi~gOfficer of t4eTransportation Coz-ps -In 1957 he was Chief I -ofrirstSuplusmneauwith z-esponsfbtLtty for officer pe r sonneL Promoted j-ytomajor in December 1958 DoubLet te inJanuary1959 became Chief I middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot~A~sistantto the Assistant Chief Of the General Staff)G-3 In Septembermiddot imiddotlt ithew~smiddotrepdrlecilyStaff secretSFYat the Haitian Al-medForces General

-

-

middotAmiddotmiddotveryreligiOus Catholic) Doub Iette is marriedbut childless bull Rehastollr~dthe United States extensively end has visited mo_~to~

- ( the-LatiilAmedcan countries In addition to Fr~nch and Creole) he S~aksg90d thou~slightly stiited EngJish He is of mediumbuildmiddotmiddotmiddot

- aiid- dressesvell in a neat and conservative mannerHe is said to be middottittie~dlt6fa US Marine Corps officer ~-r gt Juiyi962~~i)J1lktmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddoti S p~~~~ p m - -lt bull

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s-~~~

- 3 -

S-E-C-R-EP NOFORN

OOUBIETTE Antonio HAlT

Nowre siding in the United States Lieutenant Colonel Antonio

~~~1~tte1~~-~~re ~~~j_~middot=9~ITr~--~~i~h~d=~-~~~_-~~~f1lli~~-~A~smiddoti Military) Naval and Air Attache in Washington) was apparently forced0

middotmiddot1nt6-refirement-nSeptembei-middotisect6r-as-a-resuTf-o-sweepingci1angesmade--------~--------------- - bull -- In the high commandof the Haitian Armed Forces in the wake of an - alleged plot against the Duvalier regime DoubLe t te j va highly qualified

professional officer) vas considered by the -Chi-efof--middotStaff-or--a-riio-r~~---- important middotpos1tIon-buE-DUvaIierwa-s suspicious--a --noubleite-js ioyaTty

_~theregime and withhelcimiddot~iire-s1-de-nEaImiddotapprovai--- --DUv81ferwas ------ -----reporTedly(fisple-ased wFthDoUblettEs-conductat the time of an

aoortive eightman invasion of the Palace barracks in 1958) but through the rrrtereesscon of General Pierre Merceron and Major Claude Raymond

0 bull (the brother-in-law of Doub le t te IS wife) ) his retirement was allegedly pr~verited~tthat time In early 1960 Doublette was included in a list l- - of offplusmncerswho would probably have held top positions in the event ofbull ~ anarmyc6upi~spiiedby ex-co Lone L Paul Laraque pound9ub_1ette_is _ outsPQkenlypro-UnitedStates and anti-Communist He gives the United-

middotStates-andpartimiddotcularly the us Marine Corps c~cilt forwhatstabIITty-- - middotmiddotther~ltisii)Haiti In May 1961 he was said to be ariti~Dominic8nRepub-i1~gt

bull ---- bull bullbull r bullbullbullbull bull

Bbpi-bn _6Dec~mber1923 Antonio Doub Lette completedhissecond8rymiddot 1

1 middoteducationmiddotwlth tllehighestacademic rating in his class He is a 1945 graduat~~ of the Haitiari Military Academy and in 1953he compreted 1he

middotmiddotbull Company-Officers-Class-at--FortBennIngj-Ge6rgia~--bullAssociateInfantry j bullDoubletteissaid to -hc)TCfan-LCB degreeand~h~spentmu~h-ot~ls - 1middot carecentras a)rofe ssor at the He also -- MilLtaiy---Ac8demy served--asI middotmiddotmiddotCommandi~gOfficer of t4eTransportation Coz-ps -In 1957 he was Chief I -ofrirstSuplusmneauwith z-esponsfbtLtty for officer pe r sonneL Promoted j-ytomajor in December 1958 DoubLet te inJanuary1959 became Chief I middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot~A~sistantto the Assistant Chief Of the General Staff)G-3 In Septembermiddot imiddotlt ithew~smiddotrepdrlecilyStaff secretSFYat the Haitian Al-medForces General

-

-

middotAmiddotmiddotveryreligiOus Catholic) Doub Iette is marriedbut childless bull Rehastollr~dthe United States extensively end has visited mo_~to~

- ( the-LatiilAmedcan countries In addition to Fr~nch and Creole) he S~aksg90d thou~slightly stiited EngJish He is of mediumbuildmiddotmiddotmiddot

- aiid- dressesvell in a neat and conservative mannerHe is said to be middottittie~dlt6fa US Marine Corps officer ~-r gt Juiyi962~~i)J1lktmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddoti S p~~~~ p m - -lt bull

-~~~gt-~ bullbull v bull bullbull bull - D Q a D -

i -~-- bull bull u ~ ~ ~ bull~d - -r - -i~OFORN

laquo

S E a-n-E

FIGNOLEDaniel HAITI

Dani~l Fignole a perennial oppositionist arid self-styled

champion of black supretJ18cyover the mulatto elite was Provisional President of Haiti from 26 Mayto 14 June 1957 Whena military junta took over the government declaring martial law Fignole was

arrested and sent out of the country Since his exile and in keepmg with his dislike of dictatorships FignoLe has remained in

activemiddot6ppositiontothe government of President Duvalier reportedly cooperating with opposition leader Louis Dejoie He cUrrently sPehdsmost of his time in NewYork directing the Organizational Movementof the Country (Mouvementd Organization du Pays - MOP) which has the same initials as his former MouvementOuvrierPayaan

in oppos itLonto Duvalier andpublishing a bulletin comrnentingon the Haitian political scene

FignQle a black Haitian with Caucasian features has been i j ~ -described as tainted with Marxist philosophy but although he i bull has leaned to the left during the course of hi s politi caL career

he~rsnotbelieved to be aComrnimist Hels a sometime rabble----t middotioUserMd most ofallnotoriouslyanti-mulatto A former

journalist Fignolemiddotis intelligent withmiddotmiddot8ii-middotexc~ITe-ntmiddotacademic middotmiddotbackgroundas a teacher of mathematics geography social science

fii13toryand Latin and is considered to be above average in personaL 1 j ~nOriestand integri ty He has denied any allegations t~at he is I ) anti-United States and has deClared his friendship for this countryf ~bull~~tinampthat he realizes the benefits Haiti derives IiOiIl~unrre(f I States 1 l Longregarded as a de~gogue ignoJe has based his political ~areeronthe labor masses His main strength cainefroin his leader i

j middotmiddot ship middotof the Peasant Workerst Movement(MouvementOuVTierPaysan middotMOPmiddotmiddot j whfclFh-e-joundedin 1946 and which doubled as a labor organization l Emd asa ]oliticalpartyHe has-used his strong labor support to i attaiIihisown political objeCtives particularly against the govern-middot middot~menFHeturnedto politics in the early194Qsand became ia severe Imiddotgtmiddot~middot lt~ltcriticof PresLdent Eliemiddot Lescot (i940-46) the late President lt

r~~middott-_gt O~~d~~~~~n~n P~~t6~h~~~~i~~ ~~5~~~6)~middot ~~~~m~~t~ ~i~i~~~~)r ~J~middotmiddotmiddot~i~~~~~m=~dV~~dm=~s ~fsdeg~~me~~g~~e~~rigf~~~~ r~~d~r t~r bull - middotmiddotrage of criticism against the Pres iderrt He deeLtnedrthe appodrrtmerrt

lt is Consul Gerieral in NewYorkCi ty profez-red by President Estime imiddotimiddotimiddot~~O arrested by Estimeagents for hisiyenldin1948was anti-government middotmiddot~5ymiddotmiddot2 middotactiviti~sAfterthemiddot fall of Estime in 1950 the succes sor-bullmiddotmiddot)~iU-middot~~i)-middot~litriumvirate dOminatedb~j~glOir~~ named FigrlOle to the bull tary

middotmiddot i middotSEC-R-E~T middoti

-

-

- 33-

i

IS

tmiddot

~

FIGNOLEDaniel (continued) HAITI

bullConsultative Council but he declined the membership and Lnsteed

announced his candidacy for a seat in the House of Deputies His subsequent election as a deputy is said to have been permitted by Magloire in the hope that Fignole would bring his following to the support of the n~wMagloire administration However FfgnoLe

bullbecame the House opposition leader and began to publish his own veekly nevspaper Construction which by 1952 was the only news

paper in Haiti cr1tical of the admfnfatratfon The publication rmiddot middotmiddotwasperm1tted it is bel1eveo because Fignoles hold over the ~ laboring class in Port-au-Prince servedhiIil as partial protectioni from government interference

I In December 1953 shortly arter he had signed the founding imiddot charter of the League for the Defense of Liberties (Ligue de Defense

cltsLiberties) an organization formed among other things-forthemiddot purpose of defending the liberties guaranteed by the Haitian

i Constitution Fignole found himself in serious trouble with the Magloire administration Early in January 1954 most leading members0 bull

of the League were arrested or took po1i~ticalasyluniin Port-au-jmiddotPrince Those arrested were charged vithactivities against the ) rs~curitymiddotof1he state (including incitipg the Army to revolt) arid

middotrmiddotmiddotImiddotd~~Il~]rmiddot~~~~~r~~~~~~E~~~~aTI~s~~i~~~~2~ bull c~flt tleHoilse of Deputies His defeat on 9 January 1955 was widely -

lt~S~iidffiibli~ized LnHaitias having beencailsedby the Magloire adni1nis- ~lt~middot~trationAfter the fall of Magloire Fignole_ emerged as one of middotu j c middot-~-middotthemiddotmiddotleadirigcontenders for the presidency and finally came to

f ~~

Ici[i~il~l~f~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Sit~~l~~~bullbullbullmiddotmiddotmiddot I middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotgtt)middotmiddotgtmade recording wh~ch was broSidcast t~_~~~~i tian peop~~ atape

~ - i- lt middot- bullmiddot)~middotltmiddotr~~middot~~middotmiddotmiddotmiddot -Imiddott~t~~~~middott ~~~~~

- 34- IS(v

FIGNOLEDaniel (continued) HAITI

other exiles and provtde a continuing irritant to the Haitian

government -

A report dated December1961 from a fairly reliable source stated that in the Bel Air district of Port-au-Prince a strong-hold of Daniel Fignole several Fignolist cells had been established

since late November each containing a Communistorganizer The reason for the Communisteffort in this district according to the

report WaS that the Fignolist group was quite cohesive devoted to a man whose pOlitical thinking could easily serve the Communist ceuse and already organized to a certain extent This source

noted that the Communistsbelieved they could easily cOntrol the Bel Air District in time of political distUrbances or in the event cFignol~ returned that area

frommiddotexile use him to lead the people in

Fignolewho was born on 13 November1914 at Festel Haiti l ismiddot married and has two children

SpanIsh He speaks ThJ~lish and s0m~

I

1 I

-

( -

J~y 1962

I

L I J

I jl i 0

j I

I

t

- 35

I) ti iSEGREE Ii

FOUCHELuc HAITI ~

- Currently in exile in Nev Ycrk City Luc Fouched s a fo rmez- Ambassador tctheUnited States vho is nov a memberor the executive

ccmm1ttee of the Unified Movementof the Haitian Oppcsiticn (MciuvemEmt middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~Unificaticn deltlOpposition Haitienne - MUCH) In a Washington

t

DC~ meeting of members of the MUCHexecutivecommittee including Gastcn Jumelle Camille Uerisscn and Jacques Leger convened in

late August 1961 in the presence of a US official Fouche texpLafned that his participaticnin the activities of the MUCHwas a departure

from hisprevicus determfnat Lon not tc engage in efforts tc br Ing about a change or government in Haiti even thcugh he vas oppo sed

to the regime in pover Reclaimed that pr-Ior to the sc-calledmiddot election in the spring of 1961 his positioohBd be~_ th~t YU~al~_~Emiddot

represented the duly elected President of Haiti and as such vas entitled tc serve cut his tenn of office DescrIbing-DlivaHer s-- I

iacticn in seeking tc iltegally perpetuate himself in office as a ltb~at~~ travest ainst ccnstituticnaJ demo~r~tic practic_~_E~ i

Fouche stated that he ncw felt impelled tc JCln fcrces with~ -gt~ -middot1 i

responsible Hai tian exile grcups in an effcrt to middotprcvide a demo-craticalternati ve tc the Duvalier regime ------------------ i

~

jI

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotAusuallyreliablesowce r~pcrledinearly March 126gthat J

on 227January 1962 Paul Maglcire iDui-s~jcieand luc Fcuche v

_cF)~~allegedlY Puer-toRico ineffcrts to met in and agreed to cooperate middot_ilt- oustPresident Duvalier They vere saidtc have further agzeed

laquomiddot~middot-~that)cnce Duvalierwas ovez-throvn Fouche vouLdserve as prcvisibnalltmiddotmiddot bull -presidentof R8itimiddot Hoever the source of thisinfcrIIlation doubted~middotmiddot

~~a~i~~al~~middot~lt-~gtL-~-~-~~-~~~~~~~r ~i~i~C~ sect ri~t~~~~n~~~c~e ~t~a~~~ns i I

~iirecOrdit iskn6wnthat he has claimed thatteportsasscciating i hiinmiddotv1ihCclonelErnest Biamby recently sentenced to death on I~ltlt_~_~rmiddot--h~gescf Duvalier - bullbullhavi~~~lctted agalnst s _life are middotncmiddotttrue bull

i

gtmiddot~~~+Y(-OBorn on 7 Februa-y 1904 in Cap Haitien Luc Fcuche received middot h1s~ducation at the Eccle des Freres de l Instruction Chr~tienne

middot~l~middot-middot~~middott1~tlti~e~~~e t~~t~v~~~~l_~fP ~i~~~~Jly~~~~~iV~om ~ ~c gt1923until 1930Fcucheta~t law at a pri vate law school and at

imiddotmiddotbullmiddotmiddotgt~~jL_~i~~i~iN~~~~~ejud~~o~fl~~~middotmiddot~~imiddot~i~~lh~c~f~~S~elit~rmiddot

i Ilt -J ))lt- year He served in thatcapaeity Until 1935 being elected

_--~ ~eputy fromCap H8itienthefolloWingyear~ From January until -)~i~q~K ~t~~tr~~middot-dctober1940FbU~~~was Minister of Agriculture Public Iil~truct~czi i - i i

middotgtlti -~ middoticmiddotmiddotmiddot -101bullbullmiddot ~~~sect- gt - 8 R OR Ef - middotgt~iY~l ~~ r

- ~gt- - ~

=gt i~~-- ~

-i ~ -

i- ilt ~~~~ i-middotmiddot ~middot ~ - middot9middot~~lt~F~ ltr0~~~~

- 35

I) ti iSEGREE Ii

FOUCHELuc HAITI ~

- Currently in exile in Nev Ycrk City Luc Fouched s a fo rmez- Ambassador tctheUnited States vho is nov a memberor the executive

ccmm1ttee of the Unified Movementof the Haitian Oppcsiticn (MciuvemEmt middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~Unificaticn deltlOpposition Haitienne - MUCH) In a Washington

t

DC~ meeting of members of the MUCHexecutivecommittee including Gastcn Jumelle Camille Uerisscn and Jacques Leger convened in

late August 1961 in the presence of a US official Fouche texpLafned that his participaticnin the activities of the MUCHwas a departure

from hisprevicus determfnat Lon not tc engage in efforts tc br Ing about a change or government in Haiti even thcugh he vas oppo sed

to the regime in pover Reclaimed that pr-Ior to the sc-calledmiddot election in the spring of 1961 his positioohBd be~_ th~t YU~al~_~Emiddot

represented the duly elected President of Haiti and as such vas entitled tc serve cut his tenn of office DescrIbing-DlivaHer s-- I

iacticn in seeking tc iltegally perpetuate himself in office as a ltb~at~~ travest ainst ccnstituticnaJ demo~r~tic practic_~_E~ i

Fouche stated that he ncw felt impelled tc JCln fcrces with~ -gt~ -middot1 i

responsible Hai tian exile grcups in an effcrt to middotprcvide a demo-craticalternati ve tc the Duvalier regime ------------------ i

~

jI

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotAusuallyreliablesowce r~pcrledinearly March 126gthat J

on 227January 1962 Paul Maglcire iDui-s~jcieand luc Fcuche v

_cF)~~allegedlY Puer-toRico ineffcrts to met in and agreed to cooperate middot_ilt- oustPresident Duvalier They vere saidtc have further agzeed

laquomiddot~middot-~that)cnce Duvalierwas ovez-throvn Fouche vouLdserve as prcvisibnalltmiddotmiddot bull -presidentof R8itimiddot Hoever the source of thisinfcrIIlation doubted~middotmiddot

~~a~i~~al~~middot~lt-~gtL-~-~-~~-~~~~~~~r ~i~i~C~ sect ri~t~~~~n~~~c~e ~t~a~~~ns i I

~iirecOrdit iskn6wnthat he has claimed thatteportsasscciating i hiinmiddotv1ihCclonelErnest Biamby recently sentenced to death on I~ltlt_~_~rmiddot--h~gescf Duvalier - bullbullhavi~~~lctted agalnst s _life are middotncmiddotttrue bull

i

gtmiddot~~~+Y(-OBorn on 7 Februa-y 1904 in Cap Haitien Luc Fcuche received middot h1s~ducation at the Eccle des Freres de l Instruction Chr~tienne

middot~l~middot-middot~~middott1~tlti~e~~~e t~~t~v~~~~l_~fP ~i~~~~Jly~~~~~iV~om ~ ~c gt1923until 1930Fcucheta~t law at a pri vate law school and at

imiddotmiddotbullmiddotmiddotgt~~jL_~i~~i~iN~~~~~ejud~~o~fl~~~middotmiddot~~imiddot~i~~lh~c~f~~S~elit~rmiddot

i Ilt -J ))lt- year He served in thatcapaeity Until 1935 being elected

_--~ ~eputy fromCap H8itienthefolloWingyear~ From January until -)~i~q~K ~t~~tr~~middot-dctober1940FbU~~~was Minister of Agriculture Public Iil~truct~czi i - i i

middotgtlti -~ middoticmiddotmiddotmiddot -101bullbullmiddot ~~~sect- gt - 8 R OR Ef - middotgt~iY~l ~~ r

- ~gt- - ~

=gt i~~-- ~

-i ~ -

i- ilt ~~~~ i-middotmiddot ~middot ~ - middot9middot~~lt~F~ ltr0~~~~

__

- 3G-

5-E-C=R E-l

FOUCHELuc (Continued)

t

andLaboi He vas again eleCted a deputy in 1941 and served until

lt 1943 From March of that year until August 1944 Fouche acted as bull Representative of the President for the North Atthe-Personal

- ~ time of President Lescot r s removal from office in 1946 Fouche was holding the portfolio of Minister of Public Works Fouche then retired from pubLtc life and refused to join in the general

renUniciationof the former president It was very likely due to this att~tUde of19yalty to his former chief that Dumar-sats Estime

refused toallow Fouche to take part in his government As soon as Estime fell in 1950 the military junta which succeededhim and

~ c~~~~ 1 lolhenMagloire assumed the presidency in late 1950 Fouche was

~Cltcc~~ l or ambassador) reportedly after a disagreement 7ith Magloire over domesticgovernment policy Fouche serveddn tlieUN Until March J i955when he broke wi thhis boyhood friendMagloire and asked to l-lt -~ltbe re~a1~eCi IiWasallegedatthe time that Maz~o~~Z~_ltEj~~_~~_clt9gt

J ~middotmiddottFouchesfriendship with representatives Rafael~(( of Generalissimo

~ f-middotmiddotmiddot - ~~~~~~-~~ middotlt-Truj ilia and thEfre-~ef~=~9~_~~Emiddot~~~~_~sect_1i~~~-~middot-i~~~E~ L middotmiddot lt~_imiddotSecr~t~ of State for the Presidency had acted to promote Dominican 1

1

of

bull

I~-37- I) -1

i S E C-R-E-f

i I I

1 r I

I i

I J- i cmiddot FOUCHELuc (Continued)I- - i states from November- 1957 to December 1958 vnen he vas appointed

middotAmbassador to C-an9Ka~--FoYlovinghis arriv81 in Canada hoveve r cthe HaItian government clid no t vprovfde funds for opening and operating an embassy arid Fouche vas thus unable to carry out his functions bull After vainly requesting the necessary funds for his

Canadian post he returned to New York and submitted his resignation ltSince his wife had tried on hro occasions to return to Haiti for

~ per1onal falnily reasons and had been refused permission by the j- HaitiEiri government Fouche decided that it vou Ld be prudent for him

pot to return either -

Although Fouche spent considerable time in the United States in connection wi th- his-tiN-diitieshTsreafattitude-toward this

ltc~~ti-y is ~l~jlto~q~~s~ionit hasbeeri~reporte-dmiddotmiddotthaE-durngmiddot the ~ 1940s he vas openly opposed to much of the SHADAprogram arid had

at one time attempted to injUre the Aliierican-ovned Electric Lightmiddot tand Power Company On the other hand in 1950 he vas said to be i ~c6nsideredmiddot fdendlytovard the Uriited Stktes by Ainerican business iimiddotmiddotmiddot cliLterestsandto have served as attorneyforHACOR an Americari-I bullbull oWzi~dsis~l plantation ill themiddot North bull DtJiinghisservice ln the bullbullI middotmiddot middotUNPouche vas regarded as frieridlyand cooperativeanda-delegate

v

middot~~middotc9uJdbe re lied upoii tQ~~p~ifjli~~Jl~~t~~~Statei=o-nmiddotb-r9admiddot-middot-- I i ~ ~lSliticaJ middotlssues Neverthele~~1~h~~~~~-~~YE~~2E~~~~JP~J~~~_zn9eF I 1957thatit was disposedto the viewth8tFouche vas aooppor-tund st j middotmiddotandaspokesman for the black intellecTualS-whOse -former I1IStory-- l oS middotbf fri~Iidship vi th Trujillo anCf-PSstO-diiniation-toward-General lebreais preference fOr cooperatIon vftli-formerdic-tators-BatlstaI~gt( ~Uld not cr~~e7~coo~ra~~~=~i~~~~sect--~- ~i~~~s inclfiie-~InCto

-~-=-==-

middotcmiddot tmiddot Fbuch~ a Ro~CathOlic has a rep~tati~n for being an -middot~i bullen~middotrgeticeveIi ~amic man and an iabLe+Lavyer A mulattogt with

gt~ rather fine featuresJ he stands about five feet seven inches tailf ( __ ~ and is rather alender He dresses well and conservatively exhibits

1~jw~~~[i~i~SEETEi~1is~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~YHebullbull ~ ~

imiddotlt~ltmiddotlh~middotr~~~lf ~ I gt ~~lt -103

t-~pound~ibull bull [gt bullbulle Rmiddot~ rr i-rbullbull middotmiddot6~1i 0

gt~ -middott

~middot~t~I~~~ji~~~imiddotmiddot - r

~ial

CON F IDE N i-I-A-L

gt~IBBER~ Lucien HAITi

Executive Director of the lt Irrter-Amez-LcanDevelopment Bank

Lucien Hibbert who has held high office in various Haitian bull adminiSIratiO-ns-a-urTng the past--3O-years--has1ieen-an-executive-

middotdirector of the Inter-AinerIcanDevelopmen-t-B9nkTiiii3Tsince--middotthe middotmiddotfaU of1960 HispreViouspo-si tion--also give-ithim by -President

FranCSoisDuvaipounder was that ofA)nbassadorto the Organization of

~ imericanStates (OAS) from October i958 to 1960 Hibbert is not

closely identified politically with Duvalter s administration

~ However it is knownthat--the-Presldent respe-cts hislearning abUt tie s and longexperiencein-publfc-lif-e-and-I-[iSTikely

middot1 that Hibbert waS-chosen-for hIsmiddot-pre-senfpOsifion-bec$useof1iis bull ~OutSt9nding rePutillon middotandmiddotfamiliari-tY~ith-economicandcfis ca1f

jiaUers- which seem destined to piay anincreamiddot~iniLy~middotgreaterrole j _ hcc--gtltintheDuv8liergoverrtmentmiddotmiddot Hibbertisrtdeiy regardedasHaitfis

gtoablest economtetrand 1tsbest statistician ~~lt~ - lt~ ~ gt A+ight-skinnedmulattow1io takes pride in his alleged descent

bull ~~(jffiiti~i~i~gI~~g pounds Hsect~~~~gtg~~~i~sect~~~~ middotJltlt8nditisbelieved that hismiddot success in walking thepoli tical

lt tigttro~- iSstri~tly due to the respect held by all sec~9rsmiddot oi the population for his recogilize(faliiillies-AIthou~ Hibb~rt - i

IsnotW1thout his enemies his reputatd on in Haitiis one of an -bull2~~~iyen~ampi)middotE~~1~i~~~LE~g~1F1~~~Sf

gt he ismiddot not fundamentaIIY-Inagreement--- HibberT-haslong been coiisider~d -

~~ ~ t6b~ambitious- andperhaps morethanonce he has aspired to - I I ~ ~ - ~~t~emiddot l pr~~s1dencyofmiddot Hait

bull~- - I

gt middotmiddotmiddotBOrn 12 Augu~t1899in Port-au-Prince Lucien ibbert isa I ~typic~ representative of the Haltiatl~atto eli te ~ Educated I

lt~- in local schools prior to studyi~ civilmiddot engineering at tllEl Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy NewYork (1917-19)

~ lleret~i ved a bachelors degree in 1922 and a doctorate in 1937 ~ -

lt~- - - ~ -

bull

~

- 39-

50- C Q NFl D E-N-P-I-A-Li

1middot-middot

lIBBERTLucien ( continued)

tro~_~he University of Paris In 1930 he entered politics as private secretary to President Eugene Roy with whomhe enjoyed considerable influence Hibbert has continued to fill key gover~- ment positions ever since-hemiddot-ha-s~-arso-heidmiddotmiddotvarcousac8demlc --

poS[-fforls in HaitI--8ruf--he--taugllt-forayear(1931) -atHow~d University Washingto~-b-c~---Xibberf served as Minister ofF1nance

froin 1932 t-o1935-ancl~-as-Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1935 untU President Stenio Vincent dismissed him because of rumor-s

e bull that Hibbertwas conspiring to put Vincent out and assume the presidency himself From 1937 to 1940 Hibbert who Ls a great

adinfrer of French culture and Frenchadministrati ve methodsjgt resided in France and was employed in the Office of BcLerrtd fLc

Researcbor rtne French Republic He returned to Hait-i and wasmiddot ai1he University of Haiti from 1941 to 1950 A member of the

DtimarsaisEstime (1946-50) cabinet in 1949-50 as Minister of AgricU1ture he was also Minister of Finance from 1953 to 1954 middotlmder President Paul Magloire(1950-56) He has also attended j -ltseverer iriternationalcOrifer~nces LncLudfng t)1eThirdSession 1 ltofth~ United Nations General Assembly in Paris in 1948 and the ( bull Santiag6F9r~ign Ministers Conference of August 1959 During 1 1951-538ndi9545S-hehe1d the position of director generaI

lt~of-theHaitianInstitUte of ~rt-at1stics---whTch~Is--reporte(f-tObe H~~1r~~i~~i~e~~~=-~J== bull~t -=---~~~attractiveand~ilbredniulattress They have three children lt~(middotamiddotdaugpteraildtwosons one of Whomstudied at the Rensselaer

imiddotbull cPblYtechni6 Instltute~ bullHibbert speaks French Creole excellent L~~ltEngrish Bndso~Sparlish He has-piib-iIshed -Tn-FranGe---a--number--

r~5ofscholer1ypapersmiddotdealing withmiddot mathematics andecon()mics ~ He 1~~Sameinb~r6fthe Mathematics S6c1etyof France the Statistical

~~middotmiddot$ocietyofPfuoiSmiddotmiddot the Inter-American StatisticalIrisU tute and ~ ~ i~~lt~gttheInternational Statistical Institute

bull ~ -r ~

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i S E C-R-E-f

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I J- i cmiddot FOUCHELuc (Continued)I- - i states from November- 1957 to December 1958 vnen he vas appointed

middotAmbassador to C-an9Ka~--FoYlovinghis arriv81 in Canada hoveve r cthe HaItian government clid no t vprovfde funds for opening and operating an embassy arid Fouche vas thus unable to carry out his functions bull After vainly requesting the necessary funds for his

Canadian post he returned to New York and submitted his resignation ltSince his wife had tried on hro occasions to return to Haiti for

~ per1onal falnily reasons and had been refused permission by the j- HaitiEiri government Fouche decided that it vou Ld be prudent for him

pot to return either -

Although Fouche spent considerable time in the United States in connection wi th- his-tiN-diitieshTsreafattitude-toward this

ltc~~ti-y is ~l~jlto~q~~s~ionit hasbeeri~reporte-dmiddotmiddotthaE-durngmiddot the ~ 1940s he vas openly opposed to much of the SHADAprogram arid had

at one time attempted to injUre the Aliierican-ovned Electric Lightmiddot tand Power Company On the other hand in 1950 he vas said to be i ~c6nsideredmiddot fdendlytovard the Uriited Stktes by Ainerican business iimiddotmiddotmiddot cliLterestsandto have served as attorneyforHACOR an Americari-I bullbull oWzi~dsis~l plantation ill themiddot North bull DtJiinghisservice ln the bullbullI middotmiddot middotUNPouche vas regarded as frieridlyand cooperativeanda-delegate

v

middot~~middotc9uJdbe re lied upoii tQ~~p~ifjli~~Jl~~t~~~Statei=o-nmiddotb-r9admiddot-middot-- I i ~ ~lSliticaJ middotlssues Neverthele~~1~h~~~~~-~~YE~~2E~~~~JP~J~~~_zn9eF I 1957thatit was disposedto the viewth8tFouche vas aooppor-tund st j middotmiddotandaspokesman for the black intellecTualS-whOse -former I1IStory-- l oS middotbf fri~Iidship vi th Trujillo anCf-PSstO-diiniation-toward-General lebreais preference fOr cooperatIon vftli-formerdic-tators-BatlstaI~gt( ~Uld not cr~~e7~coo~ra~~~=~i~~~~sect--~- ~i~~~s inclfiie-~InCto

-~-=-==-

middotcmiddot tmiddot Fbuch~ a Ro~CathOlic has a rep~tati~n for being an -middot~i bullen~middotrgeticeveIi ~amic man and an iabLe+Lavyer A mulattogt with

gt~ rather fine featuresJ he stands about five feet seven inches tailf ( __ ~ and is rather alender He dresses well and conservatively exhibits

1~jw~~~[i~i~SEETEi~1is~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~YHebullbull ~ ~

imiddotlt~ltmiddotlh~middotr~~~lf ~ I gt ~~lt -103

t-~pound~ibull bull [gt bullbulle Rmiddot~ rr i-rbullbull middotmiddot6~1i 0

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CON F IDE N i-I-A-L

gt~IBBER~ Lucien HAITi

Executive Director of the lt Irrter-Amez-LcanDevelopment Bank

Lucien Hibbert who has held high office in various Haitian bull adminiSIratiO-ns-a-urTng the past--3O-years--has1ieen-an-executive-

middotdirector of the Inter-AinerIcanDevelopmen-t-B9nkTiiii3Tsince--middotthe middotmiddotfaU of1960 HispreViouspo-si tion--also give-ithim by -President

FranCSoisDuvaipounder was that ofA)nbassadorto the Organization of

~ imericanStates (OAS) from October i958 to 1960 Hibbert is not

closely identified politically with Duvalter s administration

~ However it is knownthat--the-Presldent respe-cts hislearning abUt tie s and longexperiencein-publfc-lif-e-and-I-[iSTikely

middot1 that Hibbert waS-chosen-for hIsmiddot-pre-senfpOsifion-bec$useof1iis bull ~OutSt9nding rePutillon middotandmiddotfamiliari-tY~ith-economicandcfis ca1f

jiaUers- which seem destined to piay anincreamiddot~iniLy~middotgreaterrole j _ hcc--gtltintheDuv8liergoverrtmentmiddotmiddot Hibbertisrtdeiy regardedasHaitfis

gtoablest economtetrand 1tsbest statistician ~~lt~ - lt~ ~ gt A+ight-skinnedmulattow1io takes pride in his alleged descent

bull ~~(jffiiti~i~i~gI~~g pounds Hsect~~~~gtg~~~i~sect~~~~ middotJltlt8nditisbelieved that hismiddot success in walking thepoli tical

lt tigttro~- iSstri~tly due to the respect held by all sec~9rsmiddot oi the population for his recogilize(faliiillies-AIthou~ Hibb~rt - i

IsnotW1thout his enemies his reputatd on in Haitiis one of an -bull2~~~iyen~ampi)middotE~~1~i~~~LE~g~1F1~~~Sf

gt he ismiddot not fundamentaIIY-Inagreement--- HibberT-haslong been coiisider~d -

~~ ~ t6b~ambitious- andperhaps morethanonce he has aspired to - I I ~ ~ - ~~t~emiddot l pr~~s1dencyofmiddot Hait

bull~- - I

gt middotmiddotmiddotBOrn 12 Augu~t1899in Port-au-Prince Lucien ibbert isa I ~typic~ representative of the Haltiatl~atto eli te ~ Educated I

lt~- in local schools prior to studyi~ civilmiddot engineering at tllEl Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy NewYork (1917-19)

~ lleret~i ved a bachelors degree in 1922 and a doctorate in 1937 ~ -

lt~- - - ~ -

bull

~

- 39-

50- C Q NFl D E-N-P-I-A-Li

1middot-middot

lIBBERTLucien ( continued)

tro~_~he University of Paris In 1930 he entered politics as private secretary to President Eugene Roy with whomhe enjoyed considerable influence Hibbert has continued to fill key gover~- ment positions ever since-hemiddot-ha-s~-arso-heidmiddotmiddotvarcousac8demlc --

poS[-fforls in HaitI--8ruf--he--taugllt-forayear(1931) -atHow~d University Washingto~-b-c~---Xibberf served as Minister ofF1nance

froin 1932 t-o1935-ancl~-as-Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1935 untU President Stenio Vincent dismissed him because of rumor-s

e bull that Hibbertwas conspiring to put Vincent out and assume the presidency himself From 1937 to 1940 Hibbert who Ls a great

adinfrer of French culture and Frenchadministrati ve methodsjgt resided in France and was employed in the Office of BcLerrtd fLc

Researcbor rtne French Republic He returned to Hait-i and wasmiddot ai1he University of Haiti from 1941 to 1950 A member of the

DtimarsaisEstime (1946-50) cabinet in 1949-50 as Minister of AgricU1ture he was also Minister of Finance from 1953 to 1954 middotlmder President Paul Magloire(1950-56) He has also attended j -ltseverer iriternationalcOrifer~nces LncLudfng t)1eThirdSession 1 ltofth~ United Nations General Assembly in Paris in 1948 and the ( bull Santiag6F9r~ign Ministers Conference of August 1959 During 1 1951-538ndi9545S-hehe1d the position of director generaI

lt~of-theHaitianInstitUte of ~rt-at1stics---whTch~Is--reporte(f-tObe H~~1r~~i~~i~e~~~=-~J== bull~t -=---~~~attractiveand~ilbredniulattress They have three children lt~(middotamiddotdaugpteraildtwosons one of Whomstudied at the Rensselaer

imiddotbull cPblYtechni6 Instltute~ bullHibbert speaks French Creole excellent L~~ltEngrish Bndso~Sparlish He has-piib-iIshed -Tn-FranGe---a--number--

r~5ofscholer1ypapersmiddotdealing withmiddot mathematics andecon()mics ~ He 1~~Sameinb~r6fthe Mathematics S6c1etyof France the Statistical

~~middotmiddot$ocietyofPfuoiSmiddotmiddot the Inter-American StatisticalIrisU tute and ~ ~ i~~lt~gttheInternational Statistical Institute

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CON F IDE N i-I-A-L

gt~IBBER~ Lucien HAITi

Executive Director of the lt Irrter-Amez-LcanDevelopment Bank

Lucien Hibbert who has held high office in various Haitian bull adminiSIratiO-ns-a-urTng the past--3O-years--has1ieen-an-executive-

middotdirector of the Inter-AinerIcanDevelopmen-t-B9nkTiiii3Tsince--middotthe middotmiddotfaU of1960 HispreViouspo-si tion--also give-ithim by -President

FranCSoisDuvaipounder was that ofA)nbassadorto the Organization of

~ imericanStates (OAS) from October i958 to 1960 Hibbert is not

closely identified politically with Duvalter s administration

~ However it is knownthat--the-Presldent respe-cts hislearning abUt tie s and longexperiencein-publfc-lif-e-and-I-[iSTikely

middot1 that Hibbert waS-chosen-for hIsmiddot-pre-senfpOsifion-bec$useof1iis bull ~OutSt9nding rePutillon middotandmiddotfamiliari-tY~ith-economicandcfis ca1f

jiaUers- which seem destined to piay anincreamiddot~iniLy~middotgreaterrole j _ hcc--gtltintheDuv8liergoverrtmentmiddotmiddot Hibbertisrtdeiy regardedasHaitfis

gtoablest economtetrand 1tsbest statistician ~~lt~ - lt~ ~ gt A+ight-skinnedmulattow1io takes pride in his alleged descent

bull ~~(jffiiti~i~i~gI~~g pounds Hsect~~~~gtg~~~i~sect~~~~ middotJltlt8nditisbelieved that hismiddot success in walking thepoli tical

lt tigttro~- iSstri~tly due to the respect held by all sec~9rsmiddot oi the population for his recogilize(faliiillies-AIthou~ Hibb~rt - i

IsnotW1thout his enemies his reputatd on in Haitiis one of an -bull2~~~iyen~ampi)middotE~~1~i~~~LE~g~1F1~~~Sf

gt he ismiddot not fundamentaIIY-Inagreement--- HibberT-haslong been coiisider~d -

~~ ~ t6b~ambitious- andperhaps morethanonce he has aspired to - I I ~ ~ - ~~t~emiddot l pr~~s1dencyofmiddot Hait

bull~- - I

gt middotmiddotmiddotBOrn 12 Augu~t1899in Port-au-Prince Lucien ibbert isa I ~typic~ representative of the Haltiatl~atto eli te ~ Educated I

lt~- in local schools prior to studyi~ civilmiddot engineering at tllEl Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy NewYork (1917-19)

~ lleret~i ved a bachelors degree in 1922 and a doctorate in 1937 ~ -

lt~- - - ~ -

bull

~

- 39-

50- C Q NFl D E-N-P-I-A-Li

1middot-middot

lIBBERTLucien ( continued)

tro~_~he University of Paris In 1930 he entered politics as private secretary to President Eugene Roy with whomhe enjoyed considerable influence Hibbert has continued to fill key gover~- ment positions ever since-hemiddot-ha-s~-arso-heidmiddotmiddotvarcousac8demlc --

poS[-fforls in HaitI--8ruf--he--taugllt-forayear(1931) -atHow~d University Washingto~-b-c~---Xibberf served as Minister ofF1nance

froin 1932 t-o1935-ancl~-as-Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1935 untU President Stenio Vincent dismissed him because of rumor-s

e bull that Hibbertwas conspiring to put Vincent out and assume the presidency himself From 1937 to 1940 Hibbert who Ls a great

adinfrer of French culture and Frenchadministrati ve methodsjgt resided in France and was employed in the Office of BcLerrtd fLc

Researcbor rtne French Republic He returned to Hait-i and wasmiddot ai1he University of Haiti from 1941 to 1950 A member of the

DtimarsaisEstime (1946-50) cabinet in 1949-50 as Minister of AgricU1ture he was also Minister of Finance from 1953 to 1954 middotlmder President Paul Magloire(1950-56) He has also attended j -ltseverer iriternationalcOrifer~nces LncLudfng t)1eThirdSession 1 ltofth~ United Nations General Assembly in Paris in 1948 and the ( bull Santiag6F9r~ign Ministers Conference of August 1959 During 1 1951-538ndi9545S-hehe1d the position of director generaI

lt~of-theHaitianInstitUte of ~rt-at1stics---whTch~Is--reporte(f-tObe H~~1r~~i~~i~e~~~=-~J== bull~t -=---~~~attractiveand~ilbredniulattress They have three children lt~(middotamiddotdaugpteraildtwosons one of Whomstudied at the Rensselaer

imiddotbull cPblYtechni6 Instltute~ bullHibbert speaks French Creole excellent L~~ltEngrish Bndso~Sparlish He has-piib-iIshed -Tn-FranGe---a--number--

r~5ofscholer1ypapersmiddotdealing withmiddot mathematics andecon()mics ~ He 1~~Sameinb~r6fthe Mathematics S6c1etyof France the Statistical

~~middotmiddot$ocietyofPfuoiSmiddotmiddot the Inter-American StatisticalIrisU tute and ~ ~ i~~lt~gttheInternational Statistical Institute

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- 39-

50- C Q NFl D E-N-P-I-A-Li

1middot-middot

lIBBERTLucien ( continued)

tro~_~he University of Paris In 1930 he entered politics as private secretary to President Eugene Roy with whomhe enjoyed considerable influence Hibbert has continued to fill key gover~- ment positions ever since-hemiddot-ha-s~-arso-heidmiddotmiddotvarcousac8demlc --

poS[-fforls in HaitI--8ruf--he--taugllt-forayear(1931) -atHow~d University Washingto~-b-c~---Xibberf served as Minister ofF1nance

froin 1932 t-o1935-ancl~-as-Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1935 untU President Stenio Vincent dismissed him because of rumor-s

e bull that Hibbertwas conspiring to put Vincent out and assume the presidency himself From 1937 to 1940 Hibbert who Ls a great

adinfrer of French culture and Frenchadministrati ve methodsjgt resided in France and was employed in the Office of BcLerrtd fLc

Researcbor rtne French Republic He returned to Hait-i and wasmiddot ai1he University of Haiti from 1941 to 1950 A member of the

DtimarsaisEstime (1946-50) cabinet in 1949-50 as Minister of AgricU1ture he was also Minister of Finance from 1953 to 1954 middotlmder President Paul Magloire(1950-56) He has also attended j -ltseverer iriternationalcOrifer~nces LncLudfng t)1eThirdSession 1 ltofth~ United Nations General Assembly in Paris in 1948 and the ( bull Santiag6F9r~ign Ministers Conference of August 1959 During 1 1951-538ndi9545S-hehe1d the position of director generaI

lt~of-theHaitianInstitUte of ~rt-at1stics---whTch~Is--reporte(f-tObe H~~1r~~i~~i~e~~~=-~J== bull~t -=---~~~attractiveand~ilbredniulattress They have three children lt~(middotamiddotdaugpteraildtwosons one of Whomstudied at the Rensselaer

imiddotbull cPblYtechni6 Instltute~ bullHibbert speaks French Creole excellent L~~ltEngrish Bndso~Sparlish He has-piib-iIshed -Tn-FranGe---a--number--

r~5ofscholer1ypapersmiddotdealing withmiddot mathematics andecon()mics ~ He 1~~Sameinb~r6fthe Mathematics S6c1etyof France the Statistical

~~middotmiddot$ocietyofPfuoiSmiddotmiddot the Inter-American StatisticalIrisU tute and ~ ~ i~~lt~gttheInternational Statistical Institute

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SEe R-E-f

i

HONORAT HAITI Lionel

Appointed G-l of the ArmyGeneral Staff in August 1962 Colon~l Lionel Honorat had formerly servecCas-Commai1d~to-fthe Military Department of the Westmiddot (port-auPrinceTslnce8eptember 1961middot Considered a keen staff offTcer-- he- i$-The--iiaff~brothei---f President DuvaLfer s former Minister of Public Works Michel Lam~tiniere Honorat and brotherin-law of VlctotNevers Constant the present Minister of Tourism Reputedly pblitically astute

efficlentand unobtrusl ve Honoratls Mt pro=puvalierTothe ~extent that he would die for theCau~-Whle~is-ie8dershippotentfar--- Is not outstanding because of his familyiS influence Honor-atwould probably hold a top military job in the event of a coup Described

~

as mildly pro-United Stat~s with no Communist 8ffiliationS---7- ironorat~aS--a1ways-~beemiddotnmiddotanabfeandmiddotfrieiidlY-WitilThfmil i t8ry and Embassyofficers _ __ _H_HHH_

-

gt LionelHonorat was born24 December 1925 in Port-au-Prince bullbull thesOrimiddotofGeorgesHonoratM1nister of Interior andJustice under

Pre~identPuinarsais Estime (194650) Honorat s father and halfmiddotmiddot btbther~hev~ continuing influence middotwith DuvaLLenbull Lionel attended st MartiaJCollege and obtained a law de gree Tz-omthe university

ofl81tLsLaw School A graduate of the Haitian Mi1i tarY Academy ini945Honorat attended the Associate CompanyOfficer Cour-se at

Forti3eni1ing Qeorgiafrom November 1954 until March1955~ He bullbull waspfomoted to major in December1958 and to colonel in september

1961 HQnorat has held the following poats chief of the Military Justtc~Section (Octooer1957-July 1959) inspector for the

DepartriierrVofmiddotthe West (July 1959-0ctober 1959)j Assistant Inspector middotGe~ral (October 1959~Novemberi960)j arid Commandant tary Mili Depattfu~Yltofthe Artibonite (November L960March1991) In F~bruary

19qljltwllile serving inthe Las t-enamed post Honor at plaYed a key rolemiddot lrithEremovalof the French bishop MonseigneUr Robert from GO~Ves~On this occasion an arranged political demonstration bull aga1ntthe bishop resultea in thepillag1ng and looting of church

pro~rtY Honorat reportedly told the bishop that he vas unabLe-rto provfaepolicepr6tection and then dr-ove him to Port-au-Prince In AprtlgtandMBy 1960 Honor-atvisited the United states as a guest _ -

tlie-tr8Marine C-o~~ ----~

middotmiddotA)l~t~skinned Negro about fiye feet hineinches tan and bullw~ighing anmiddotmiddotestfmated 170 pounds Honorat is married and the father ofthiee

chiJdrenHespe8ks FrenchCreole aridgo6d English and Spanish BJgf MazC11196Smiddotmiddotmiddot

- - - ~SE-CR~Ef - -

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- A- - ~ 0 S E-G RE fl

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotHONORAT Lionel (continued)

Col Hon~at and Lt~ Col Kern ~lince Iere the chief ElQtters of the abortive April-TQ~~~_~~~e~_~~~~~As_=rmiddot-middot DuValier Honorathad previously sought the support of US officials for his scheme--atc-onsI21erabfe~-pers-onarrfsk-

Jmiddotn~n it becameapparen~ t~_~~~~_E~~~~iailfi9j-~~~Cil~atsOUghtand gained politicalasylum in the Brazilian Embassybull

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S E d-R-E-T

JUMEUEGaston (Exile resident in NYC) HAITI

A brother of tormer opposition leader Clement Jumelle Gaston JiunellelsPresident of the National Party of Haiti (Parti _ National du Haiti -PNR) and has apparently inherited the leader-

~~JPof the JUIDellist opposition group Clement Jumelle the original leader of the PNH as a result of intensive political

persecution by Duvalier took refuge in the Cuban Embassy where he daed in April 1959 Twoother Jumelle brothers had been assassinated by DUvalier henchmen in 1958 jhe faet that Gaston Jumelle has

~ suffered family bulllosses at the hands pf Duvalier means that he is most anxious to settle a fewscores with the President Gaston -

however-jd s not believed to be so dynamic and convincing a leader as his bro ther Clement

By training a medical doctor Gaston Jumelle has said thathe hasnoiIiTerest in politics other than to carry out the wishes of his late brother In May1959 while living in Mexico CityenLhe

expressed serious concern over pressure being placed on him by the Te8dersofthe Dejoie and Fignole oPPo$ition parties to support an

inv-asiOn andor revolution in Haitiin the near future ~ Hestated bull gt_thath~desiredt9- avoid bloodshiddeclaiing that he had not l middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotgivenhisapProval to suchaproject Dr Jumelle al~9--adVised

ilt~ltltltthathe had received an offer fom the Cuban governmerrt to assist - gt bullbullinapla-nned invasion of Haiti but claimed that middothemiddothad not enteredltmiddotmiddot r - intqanyagreement He said that he did not knowwhat plans themiddotmiddot

j ~gtDejOieand ~~gnoJefactionsin Cubahad made b~t predicted that1 middotmiddotgtmiddotanyatteniPttocreate a revolution without the participation of

I~gt(f~~ci~i~ lt ~

~~~w~ll+clbe doomedto failure

IriJ~yi959~US laboroffictaiyho knows Jumelle personally j gtu bullbullstatedthat hecorisideredhim Qniy-ifa figurehead 11 but was convincedmiddot ~ltmiddotthathewas pro-Vnited States and sincerely wished to avoidviolepce 1lt~_ltinHaitL bull This source felt Juinelleshould be allowed to errter vthei gt

L middot-middot~(gt~l~~ltmiddot~~~J~o~~~~sc~~~~~~~~em~~e~igf~i~~e~e t~Sm~~t~vn~nb~~middotmiddotmiddot

IYJjl~~~lt~~~~~~~~i~~~~~m~~~~~=~fv~~E~~~ ltgt( middothadahoVn nocdiildence in any of the opposition leaders including

~irfiltlJ~~[E~~(g~gr~~~~fi~~f]~~~g~ imiddotmiddotmiddot ifgt CSiid11eLlier1ssonand Jacques leger at the US Department of State

1middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddoti i -125- raquo ~ SE-Cl~E~f ~~)lt~lt r-middot tlj~ ~)~-~)

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-4l- -

S E d-R-E-T

JUMEUEGaston (Exile resident in NYC) HAITI

A brother of tormer opposition leader Clement Jumelle Gaston JiunellelsPresident of the National Party of Haiti (Parti _ National du Haiti -PNR) and has apparently inherited the leader-

~~JPof the JUIDellist opposition group Clement Jumelle the original leader of the PNH as a result of intensive political

persecution by Duvalier took refuge in the Cuban Embassy where he daed in April 1959 Twoother Jumelle brothers had been assassinated by DUvalier henchmen in 1958 jhe faet that Gaston Jumelle has

~ suffered family bulllosses at the hands pf Duvalier means that he is most anxious to settle a fewscores with the President Gaston -

however-jd s not believed to be so dynamic and convincing a leader as his bro ther Clement

By training a medical doctor Gaston Jumelle has said thathe hasnoiIiTerest in politics other than to carry out the wishes of his late brother In May1959 while living in Mexico CityenLhe

expressed serious concern over pressure being placed on him by the Te8dersofthe Dejoie and Fignole oPPo$ition parties to support an

inv-asiOn andor revolution in Haitiin the near future ~ Hestated bull gt_thath~desiredt9- avoid bloodshiddeclaiing that he had not l middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotgivenhisapProval to suchaproject Dr Jumelle al~9--adVised

ilt~ltltltthathe had received an offer fom the Cuban governmerrt to assist - gt bullbullinapla-nned invasion of Haiti but claimed that middothemiddothad not enteredltmiddotmiddot r - intqanyagreement He said that he did not knowwhat plans themiddotmiddot

j ~gtDejOieand ~~gnoJefactionsin Cubahad made b~t predicted that1 middotmiddotgtmiddotanyatteniPttocreate a revolution without the participation of

I~gt(f~~ci~i~ lt ~

~~~w~ll+clbe doomedto failure

IriJ~yi959~US laboroffictaiyho knows Jumelle personally j gtu bullbullstatedthat hecorisideredhim Qniy-ifa figurehead 11 but was convincedmiddot ~ltmiddotthathewas pro-Vnited States and sincerely wished to avoidviolepce 1lt~_ltinHaitL bull This source felt Juinelleshould be allowed to errter vthei gt

L middot-middot~(gt~l~~ltmiddot~~~J~o~~~~sc~~~~~~~~em~~e~igf~i~~e~e t~Sm~~t~vn~nb~~middotmiddotmiddot

IYJjl~~~lt~~~~~~~~i~~~~~m~~~~~=~fv~~E~~~ ltgt( middothadahoVn nocdiildence in any of the opposition leaders including

~irfiltlJ~~[E~~(g~gr~~~~fi~~f]~~~g~ imiddotmiddotmiddot ifgt CSiid11eLlier1ssonand Jacques leger at the US Department of State

1middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddoti i -125- raquo ~ SE-Cl~E~f ~~)lt~lt r-middot tlj~ ~)~-~)

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J1JMEUE Gaston (Continued)

I I

I Ie I- I

I

I I I i i

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in Washington In presenting his views ot--Haitian political developments on this occasion Dr JUmelle stated that he was ve~

---------- -_ _-muchconcerned at the increased anti-United States feeling in Haiti whIcliJie attributed to US support of-Ifuvalier bull Jumeiie---craIme-d~----

to have always been pro-United States and to have-counseled his _flt~~~~~r_~ ~~___Haiti not to blame this country for Duval~er s lCtions

neef Jumelle I s closest lieutenants Is Roger Rigaud- who has been ideritified by one source as the Leader- of a group of Hilitian extLes in the Dom1IiicanRepublic said to be organizing a revolutionary movementto overthrow the DuvaLfe r government Reportedly as the

result of a meeting between Rigaud and Antonio Bonilla Atiles Dominican Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs the latter agreed

-to perinita number of Hliitian exiles including Gaston Jumelle to enter the Doni1nicanRepublic

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I) S ~CR-E-T

LAMARRE HAITIJoseph M

QuartermastergtI

Capable and dependable Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Lamarre has held the pound~J ~~~~~rte~~terorthe A~lt~_Forc~s~ HiHC~Iri~~~-September 19b1 De spi te his rapid promotion from major to lieutenant colonel Lamarre reportedly doe s not appear confident or enthusiastic

-about his military future under the DuvaLfer- regime A reliable source indicates that Lamarre would probably support aweUorganized

coup against Duvalier but is not the type whci-would unEertaketh~--~ middotmiddotactll81organi za~i0~=9f~iuc~_~~n ---~t~~~f-----------------

Joseph Lamarre graduated from Haitis Military Academyin 1945 obtained a law degree from the University of Haiti in 1955 and completed two courses at the USArtny Provost Marshal Generals school in 1957 More recent training included a trip toCanip Lej eune j Nortl)Carolina in May1961 to observe Marine-Corpi-oper~tions~--and-

gt middotmiddotmiddotmiddotatt~ndarice in the SenibrOfficersPreventive Maint~nance-Course----Fori GulickCanal Zone duringJahuary--Pebruary 196~---inJune

middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1959Lamarrewss a key law enforcement- figureiii-ule-e-xpuision of the Cuban Embassysinilitary attaches from Haiti at that time

hewasservirig~s the executa veofficer of thePort-au-JgtrincePblice gtDEpartmentthemiddot number three post in the important TOO-manechelon

- ltgt~~ middotltmiddot(~-~6middottH~~t1- middotPot-a~-Prli1cemiddotPdlimiddot~e)HeremainedfSlt Armed-For-ces the ~n thatpositiorluntil late 1960at which time he was reportedly t ransfer red

iromPolicework at his own requesthaving seen enough orth-eb-eaHng~--~-- middotand brutality involved in his police assignInenf--Pronioted-tcniiajor--~-

in December1960Lamarre was made Commandantof the Haitian Armed FcrcesTransport Service US military observers reported that he bull bull

-evfdenced aconscientious atU tude above averageprofessiltmal abilitybullandg90d leadershippotentlaL An Intorned- intefiIgence-source----~ stated that as of April 19E)2 Lamarre had a reliableproprtited States

bull orlentatlon It had been previously reported that he was anti ~ middothmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ~ GOJhmun1middots~middot -

~

-- Altiark Negto) Joseph Lamarre was born on 9 June19k2 The state of Lamarleshealth lsunknOWllj in May1961he was treated for a

po~sioleulcerattheBethesda Naval HospitaL His religion is Roman 0 catholIc ~Flu-theririforination regarding Lamarres backgr-oundris c~r~nilyunavallab+e

- _ ~-- --- -_

~i~Ei~~~h~~e~Q~Jmiddot

i~t~j

- AS - -

CON F IDE N~ I A~L 5 a

bull bull

LAPIERRE Jacques HAITI

Q

Imiddot

As of November1962middot Captain Jacques Lapierre wasmiddotmiddotcommanding middotofficmiddoter of the TWrcCCOmpanymiddot Militaryor-p6Tice-CapHartien-1n-The

i Depar-tmentof the North Repreviously served-as CommandarrCorthe-t1- ) 4th CompanyDistrict of Hinche Military Department of the Center

having assumed that post under less than favorable cLr-cumstances _ l He was -transferred to Hinchein September 1961 at the same time that --

his rEispectedtutor and superior Colonelfuniel Beauvod r was removed as Commandantof the Military Department ofPort-au~Princ~ Beauvodr- s aucces sor-y Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Arty arranged bull Lapierres transfer middot Tnough-his job as Commandantof the 14th Company

imiddot bullbull Was professionally respectable it -carried withi t the aspect of a

I rorm of geographic exfLe Lapierre wasLnvardLyresentfUl not onlyimiddotmiddot middotbecauseofmiddothis~transfermiddotbut eLsobecause of the downgradii1gofhis j 1per~9nal-hero BeallvOir A reliable intelligence sour~e reported i

1middot-_ gt ltthat Lapierre lacked the organizational ability to develop an anti- 1

1 - middoti 1Imiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot Cfji~J~t( isect~~sect~~~b~~~~~~~~g~~1j

~ bulltmiddot middot0~~ ~~Ji~fosect~~~~s bull

i fti~n~~ Wi1i~~e~~is~~~r~~i~iltt - oplnions and i~not considered a memberof the strong-DuveLLer- -bull t

bull- middotltfactio~ within the Haitian army officer corps bull A 1957 graduate ofmiddot _-bullbull~ l tpe~it~_middot anM1 AcademyLapierrebegan his career in the middot1_ ~1itary Generat~ l

r )i~ltftf~~~~f~L~~e~~~~~fE~g~~~Ff~~~lli1igi~~~~~Igt middot 2fQuridAh1_~eit~Q Jacques lapierretn ve j middotltfeettenlnChestBll andwe Ighs 160 pounds He Wasborn onlMBy 1933 J

1 )~ to the forinerMBryse Augustin the couple has one r aid1Sniari-1edmiddot

I~~~t~~fr~~Euf~1~i1i-~~~r~~sIT~~~~i~=~~rl~~c~u~ei~~f J j -

I gt- - J

~

- -- - gt -lt-_ _ ~ ~-~~~~~---l~---~--pound~iTr----4----=plusmn-i=-==--F-- J~~middot~r~middot~middot~ gtgtxtgtmiddot~- ltmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ~vet1mOW-~~M~~~~~-~~~---~7~ c--- o~---~-6_ r~middot~~middot ~middotmiddot-~~middotmiddot~middot~middot~_middotmiddot_~-~ -

- --~ -~__-- bullbull

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- -44-

I) S ~CR-E-T

LAMARRE HAITIJoseph M

QuartermastergtI

Capable and dependable Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Lamarre has held the pound~J ~~~~~rte~~terorthe A~lt~_Forc~s~ HiHC~Iri~~~-September 19b1 De spi te his rapid promotion from major to lieutenant colonel Lamarre reportedly doe s not appear confident or enthusiastic

-about his military future under the DuvaLfer- regime A reliable source indicates that Lamarre would probably support aweUorganized

coup against Duvalier but is not the type whci-would unEertaketh~--~ middotmiddotactll81organi za~i0~=9f~iuc~_~~n ---~t~~~f-----------------

Joseph Lamarre graduated from Haitis Military Academyin 1945 obtained a law degree from the University of Haiti in 1955 and completed two courses at the USArtny Provost Marshal Generals school in 1957 More recent training included a trip toCanip Lej eune j Nortl)Carolina in May1961 to observe Marine-Corpi-oper~tions~--and-

gt middotmiddotmiddotmiddotatt~ndarice in the SenibrOfficersPreventive Maint~nance-Course----Fori GulickCanal Zone duringJahuary--Pebruary 196~---inJune

middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1959Lamarrewss a key law enforcement- figureiii-ule-e-xpuision of the Cuban Embassysinilitary attaches from Haiti at that time

hewasservirig~s the executa veofficer of thePort-au-JgtrincePblice gtDEpartmentthemiddot number three post in the important TOO-manechelon

- ltgt~~ middotltmiddot(~-~6middottH~~t1- middotPot-a~-Prli1cemiddotPdlimiddot~e)HeremainedfSlt Armed-For-ces the ~n thatpositiorluntil late 1960at which time he was reportedly t ransfer red

iromPolicework at his own requesthaving seen enough orth-eb-eaHng~--~-- middotand brutality involved in his police assignInenf--Pronioted-tcniiajor--~-

in December1960Lamarre was made Commandantof the Haitian Armed FcrcesTransport Service US military observers reported that he bull bull

-evfdenced aconscientious atU tude above averageprofessiltmal abilitybullandg90d leadershippotentlaL An Intorned- intefiIgence-source----~ stated that as of April 19E)2 Lamarre had a reliableproprtited States

bull orlentatlon It had been previously reported that he was anti ~ middothmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ~ GOJhmun1middots~middot -

~

-- Altiark Negto) Joseph Lamarre was born on 9 June19k2 The state of Lamarleshealth lsunknOWllj in May1961he was treated for a

po~sioleulcerattheBethesda Naval HospitaL His religion is Roman 0 catholIc ~Flu-theririforination regarding Lamarres backgr-oundris c~r~nilyunavallab+e

- _ ~-- --- -_

~i~Ei~~~h~~e~Q~Jmiddot

i~t~j

- AS - -

CON F IDE N~ I A~L 5 a

bull bull

LAPIERRE Jacques HAITI

Q

Imiddot

As of November1962middot Captain Jacques Lapierre wasmiddotmiddotcommanding middotofficmiddoter of the TWrcCCOmpanymiddot Militaryor-p6Tice-CapHartien-1n-The

i Depar-tmentof the North Repreviously served-as CommandarrCorthe-t1- ) 4th CompanyDistrict of Hinche Military Department of the Center

having assumed that post under less than favorable cLr-cumstances _ l He was -transferred to Hinchein September 1961 at the same time that --

his rEispectedtutor and superior Colonelfuniel Beauvod r was removed as Commandantof the Military Department ofPort-au~Princ~ Beauvodr- s aucces sor-y Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Arty arranged bull Lapierres transfer middot Tnough-his job as Commandantof the 14th Company

imiddot bullbull Was professionally respectable it -carried withi t the aspect of a

I rorm of geographic exfLe Lapierre wasLnvardLyresentfUl not onlyimiddotmiddot middotbecauseofmiddothis~transfermiddotbut eLsobecause of the downgradii1gofhis j 1per~9nal-hero BeallvOir A reliable intelligence sour~e reported i

1middot-_ gt ltthat Lapierre lacked the organizational ability to develop an anti- 1

1 - middoti 1Imiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot Cfji~J~t( isect~~sect~~~b~~~~~~~~g~~1j

~ bulltmiddot middot0~~ ~~Ji~fosect~~~~s bull

i fti~n~~ Wi1i~~e~~is~~~r~~i~iltt - oplnions and i~not considered a memberof the strong-DuveLLer- -bull t

bull- middotltfactio~ within the Haitian army officer corps bull A 1957 graduate ofmiddot _-bullbull~ l tpe~it~_middot anM1 AcademyLapierrebegan his career in the middot1_ ~1itary Generat~ l

r )i~ltftf~~~~f~L~~e~~~~~fE~g~~~Ff~~~lli1igi~~~~~Igt middot 2fQuridAh1_~eit~Q Jacques lapierretn ve j middotltfeettenlnChestBll andwe Ighs 160 pounds He Wasborn onlMBy 1933 J

1 )~ to the forinerMBryse Augustin the couple has one r aid1Sniari-1edmiddot

I~~~t~~fr~~Euf~1~i1i-~~~r~~sIT~~~~i~=~~rl~~c~u~ei~~f J j -

I gt- - J

~

- -- - gt -lt-_ _ ~ ~-~~~~~---l~---~--pound~iTr----4----=plusmn-i=-==--F-- J~~middot~r~middot~middot~ gtgtxtgtmiddot~- ltmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ~vet1mOW-~~M~~~~~-~~~---~7~ c--- o~---~-6_ r~middot~~middot ~middotmiddot-~~middotmiddot~middot~middot~_middotmiddot_~-~ -

- --~ -~__-- bullbull

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i~t~j

- AS - -

CON F IDE N~ I A~L 5 a

bull bull

LAPIERRE Jacques HAITI

Q

Imiddot

As of November1962middot Captain Jacques Lapierre wasmiddotmiddotcommanding middotofficmiddoter of the TWrcCCOmpanymiddot Militaryor-p6Tice-CapHartien-1n-The

i Depar-tmentof the North Repreviously served-as CommandarrCorthe-t1- ) 4th CompanyDistrict of Hinche Military Department of the Center

having assumed that post under less than favorable cLr-cumstances _ l He was -transferred to Hinchein September 1961 at the same time that --

his rEispectedtutor and superior Colonelfuniel Beauvod r was removed as Commandantof the Military Department ofPort-au~Princ~ Beauvodr- s aucces sor-y Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Arty arranged bull Lapierres transfer middot Tnough-his job as Commandantof the 14th Company

imiddot bullbull Was professionally respectable it -carried withi t the aspect of a

I rorm of geographic exfLe Lapierre wasLnvardLyresentfUl not onlyimiddotmiddot middotbecauseofmiddothis~transfermiddotbut eLsobecause of the downgradii1gofhis j 1per~9nal-hero BeallvOir A reliable intelligence sour~e reported i

1middot-_ gt ltthat Lapierre lacked the organizational ability to develop an anti- 1

1 - middoti 1Imiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot Cfji~J~t( isect~~sect~~~b~~~~~~~~g~~1j

~ bulltmiddot middot0~~ ~~Ji~fosect~~~~s bull

i fti~n~~ Wi1i~~e~~is~~~r~~i~iltt - oplnions and i~not considered a memberof the strong-DuveLLer- -bull t

bull- middotltfactio~ within the Haitian army officer corps bull A 1957 graduate ofmiddot _-bullbull~ l tpe~it~_middot anM1 AcademyLapierrebegan his career in the middot1_ ~1itary Generat~ l

r )i~ltftf~~~~f~L~~e~~~~~fE~g~~~Ff~~~lli1igi~~~~~Igt middot 2fQuridAh1_~eit~Q Jacques lapierretn ve j middotltfeettenlnChestBll andwe Ighs 160 pounds He Wasborn onlMBy 1933 J

1 )~ to the forinerMBryse Augustin the couple has one r aid1Sniari-1edmiddot

I~~~t~~fr~~Euf~1~i1i-~~~r~~sIT~~~~i~=~~rl~~c~u~ei~~f J j -

I gt- - J

~

- -- - gt -lt-_ _ ~ ~-~~~~~---l~---~--pound~iTr----4----=plusmn-i=-==--F-- J~~middot~r~middot~middot~ gtgtxtgtmiddot~- ltmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ~vet1mOW-~~M~~~~~-~~~---~7~ c--- o~---~-6_ r~middot~~middot ~middotmiddot-~~middotmiddot~middot~middot~_middotmiddot_~-~ -

- --~ -~__-- bullbull

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_fCV

CON F I D-E N l I AwL s

LARAQUE Francofs Gustave (cer) HAITI

- A political conservative who is widely respected by all sectors - of the -Haitian population and particularly by the Army Colonel

middotGusmiddottave--Laraquehas iong been regarded-as a potential Pre sidential candidate because of his popularity and~at)ility For that reasonmiddot newaskepE out of the country by means of diplomatic assignments abroad by Presidents Lescot (1941-1946) Estime(1946-l950) and Magloire (1950-1956) Since his retirement from the diplomatic

serviceln 1957 Laraque has reportedly been living quietly in Haiti-bull Hovever the most recent information available onLar-aque describes his activities only through early 1958 At that time he (i

was being mentioned as a possible rallying point for opposition (par bull y ticuiarlY1n the Haitian Army) to the Duvalier Government towardI

I

i which he was reportedly unsympathetic He has been mentioned as aI possible interim President or chief of a military junta 1lImiddotI GustaveLaraque vas born of a good family on 2 March 1900 in I - middotmiddotmiddotJEtreDu~Haiti He received his secondary education at the Lycee o i

gti ill Jeremieand stud1edmiiitary science in the first classofmiddotth~ bull ~ooXgtJialt1arimiddot Academyin Por-t- au-Prince entering the Garde dHait1middot Military

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotltmiddot~~-middotgtij~~middotft b~~~ a~~~b~=~id~a~m~~ middote~~~~~~ ~~2i934a~n~~~~ ltmiddot~t1lrie he gained an enviable reputation as an excellent professional

- ~~ laquoiOlCifer-and many o~ his colleagues cot1sideredhim the best fittedmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot~lt~middotXJOCOOiinandthe Garde TheUS Military Missionc6nsidered him Haitis

~~gtbestprofessional officer In 1939 Lar-aque became Commanderof the I Military Depar-tmentof the Northandl8temiddotinthat yearheaccomp8I1ieqmiddot President Stenia Vincent ona trip to the United States where he madeI c~ middotagoodimpression bull In1941howeverLaraQuewas sent irito diPlcnnstic gt nex11ebYPreSidentElie~scot possibiybecausehe hadfallen into

I ~~~ i~middot~middot-States(195052)8nd-ltMirii~ter to Italy (1952~57) IriMarch1948 Ca1onel middotmiddot Jltgt Laraque ietUrnedtoHaiti for a three-diiy visit prior to attending

I middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotOoithemiddotB6gotaconference middotIt vasihts first visit to his native country i~ ~~middotmiddot~L~middot~middot~~lt seven yeans and on the occaeaon his brother~~~gt~Il offLcer-s and adrtrlre~~middot

rlt~~giJ~~iFlt~~~~~e=~~U~ib~Ci~e~~~~~l~U~~~C~ess ~~gt rmiddot j

lt~raquogt -129middot - - i)iS~~~if ecr~PiIMi1p I B ii - gt i

middotmiddot~middot~ltt- - lt1

-(c e-ON F I DE N CrlrArT

LARAQUE (continued)

Iaraque isnot affiliated with any political party but he has hBdi-long and close friendship with ex-Pres i dentpaul-E~MagloT[e

Pi~~rttie-ofhis long -association witl~~heU~Marinesin theuGarde d~lt1 ~ue is said to be extremely well dis~os~_dtoward the

ltUnited States Despite his friendship hovever he is notroveraved Q

~----bull -------- bull

bYl~mericarisandcan be expected to stand up for what he considers Haftis

best interests

~

ABOmanCatholicLaraque is widely regarded for his honesty ~lt~~e-ld~~~~~~~A taiir very light mulatto with handsome features ~aque maintains a military bearing and is described as trulydis-

jtinguishedlookingHe has been awarded the Haitian Decoration of i Meritthe Distinguished Service Medal the Medal of Military Merit r middotmiddotmiddotthelnsigni8 of the National Order of the Dominican Republic and is r aiIIGran 0 ficialllof the Peruvian Order of the Sun He is married to j -middottnefbIlrierElaine Der-eLx and has three daughter s Both he and his W-1-fearefluent in English andSpanish as weliasFrench and Creurofole jrbough ~otxealthy~Laraque lives comfortably His personality is

bull - _~ststrongly felt_ 8J8rtfrom the oldline Haitian Armyofficers 1 -ltmiddotmiddot-~i8morigtheelite Wlllclf compr Lse most of his friends it is among

middottllts~oup-thatmiddot he-unbends although heds a good iIiixer in ariygroup~ --~middot-rt~~h9fgt-beenthat among his intimates he can cast off his usualstated -u~e~ached-a~ddignffiedbearirigand become very much one of the groupjgt ~i1aitt-culfirlYif there is anydancLng which he greatly enjoys Refs (-lt~BrPo~fSh~dcimversationalist j - Ll i I I 1

bull r

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-(c e-ON F I DE N CrlrArT

LARAQUE (continued)

Iaraque isnot affiliated with any political party but he has hBdi-long and close friendship with ex-Pres i dentpaul-E~MagloT[e

Pi~~rttie-ofhis long -association witl~~heU~Marinesin theuGarde d~lt1 ~ue is said to be extremely well dis~os~_dtoward the

ltUnited States Despite his friendship hovever he is notroveraved Q

~----bull -------- bull

bYl~mericarisandcan be expected to stand up for what he considers Haftis

best interests

~

ABOmanCatholicLaraque is widely regarded for his honesty ~lt~~e-ld~~~~~~~A taiir very light mulatto with handsome features ~aque maintains a military bearing and is described as trulydis-

jtinguishedlookingHe has been awarded the Haitian Decoration of i Meritthe Distinguished Service Medal the Medal of Military Merit r middotmiddotmiddotthelnsigni8 of the National Order of the Dominican Republic and is r aiIIGran 0 ficialllof the Peruvian Order of the Sun He is married to j -middottnefbIlrierElaine Der-eLx and has three daughter s Both he and his W-1-fearefluent in English andSpanish as weliasFrench and Creurofole jrbough ~otxealthy~Laraque lives comfortably His personality is

bull - _~ststrongly felt_ 8J8rtfrom the oldline Haitian Armyofficers 1 -ltmiddotmiddot-~i8morigtheelite Wlllclf compr Lse most of his friends it is among

middottllts~oup-thatmiddot he-unbends although heds a good iIiixer in ariygroup~ --~middot-rt~~h9fgt-beenthat among his intimates he can cast off his usualstated -u~e~ached-a~ddignffiedbearirigand become very much one of the groupjgt ~i1aitt-culfirlYif there is anydancLng which he greatly enjoys Refs (-lt~BrPo~fSh~dcimversationalist j - Ll i I I 1

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i

CONFIDEltfIAL

- I HAITI I

Currently a teacher of labor law in Haiti Prancods Latortue was Imiddot ~bull 1 Undersecretary of State for-Commerce-lil--the--Pigno-fe-iaministraTfon-mh T1947) AscholarIY-Tnte1l1gentc rTHcof-both-ilie-nuvaiier _hHhh

government-and-~the-8dininrstiaHonoflJSf6re19n a1d-taiortue-has no acti-ve politic~l backapound9unS-h-utwasdescribedhin--l9J+7-ashlieingha~

10dJ Jumellist

raquo

Imiddotmiddot l

I

Born 240ctoper 1918 in Haiti~r_~lti9~sLa~_()rtle~~~educated -at least partially in the Un~y~ltsecttatesand hasstudie4plfblic

Sdministration in France He has visited the United States at least tvice bullin 1948 he was a training grantee at the Bureau of Standards

and in 1951 he spent three months observing social securityadmiriis-trationprior to becomingAssistant Director of Social Security in

Haiti

1

i i

I i

j ~

- i ANegro professor Lator-tue believes that the younger-genez-atrionj uponwhi~h the futire of Haiti depends hdemandsa radical departure tromtradi~ionalHaitianpoiiHcaTpr~tices-anci-rs--noth~nterest-eclinmiddot

i-perPetuat~ng the old antagonism between negroes~an(firiUiatt()es~IIl bull gtwhatwasdescribedasa most objecti ve---schoiarlyanei 4ispassionate

centxposeof the current governmentr~ LStortuec ri tic i~~d tlJeDuvalier )-reg1~asperhap6themOst partisan governmentdn Haitian history ~UsingJllinoritymiddot~le thro-ughthe 1irutal use offorcetoimPose i ts will on~he~afHai1-pe6pie -----6n--the-subJ~-ct--oTus_aidtoHaiti tatoriue-- j

decrared- that-desp1tetheapparent good intentions of the Americans J1Saldh8dfa1led middotonthepoliticalmaterial and psychologicalmiddot plane

andthaitheUilited States has becomethoroughly identified in the _ -R8iti8riininawith the repressive and unpopuiarIgtuvalierregiine

gt Under these cdrcumstances he believes that the United States could gt justHyteiminatingitsaidprogramwi thout being open to accusations

-of polftIcal interference in internal1faTtiah aftafr-s Continuing ---- his critic ism of the current vstate of affairs in H~iti Latorrtue believes tbat1fallthe technically qualified HaitianS currently elIlPloyedeLsevherecould be inducedto rettirnthecountry would have

ac~etent)te8mwhichcoulci formulate an economicplanand have a lt-reasonabieexpectatIon ofbringingi t to froi tion

j -j

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I

1

J I

~

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middotmiddotmiddotmiddotJUlygt19~2

I i

Fran90i~ tatortue r~centJy obtained politlcSl aaylmn in the -bullGuatemalanEmbassyinPart-~u-Prince where be currently res1d~~

-

1

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bullbullbull bullbull v bull bullbullbullbullbullbull

i~2si~e

1

LAURENI 1 Garvey HAITI

i Former Director-Administrator Artibonite Valley DevelopmentAuthority ~

rmiddot

bull f brilliar~_li~d _~~~~-C_~~if~~j_~~~~l_~~~~torJ ~~r~~~lmiddot~ar~~X_~~~~_I]~_ as the director-administrator of the Artihonite Valley DevelopmentAuthori ty

Organismede D~elopp-ement-de-IaVaII~e(feiArtibonite-bDVAy-middotuntmiddotiihfs-~disniissalinMay 1960 Laurenthadbeen openly critical of the Duvalier

Oove rntnen tsat tempts t 0-ii1j~ect--poLLiIesint omiddotthe --liir-LngOfproj ect-------~inployees before-Ee-Tos-t~-his-Job~---Af-fhat--timej-whenPresidEmi-Friinlt10iS

DuvaliercaiIedf6rEfs resLgnlitfonUS officials in Por tvau-Pr-ince referred to Laurent as one of Haiti s most cap~ietechnicians---and--Considere-dhis----

I

releasemiddotmiddotto be ano the r step--in-a-series-of-a-dver~e-developments--whi~h-p~-bured In~early 1960 inc-onnect ion with-fhe-ijS---Deelopiiient-tc)in--F~nd-

(DLF) loan for

the Artibcmite Valley bullbullA well--informedsqurcereported in June 1962 that Imiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot Laurerithowas then in~The--Congc5 -lilustritCon~ofthe-was an-excellent Qualplusmnfr~dHaitiantechniciansandcrattsmenwho due to theop-press-ive-regime

middot1middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot ltaIidp60roIorkingconditions7leave~itI-or-countries~whic-h-~eerthem-TemiddotsS--middot L thinther own This sallie souree was of theopTn1on-ffiatLa-uren~fToir his~ j

I positionWiththeODVAdue to his ciose--cooperatTon wIthUS~echnkians-aiid J lt -~adriiiriistra --- middot1I tors ----_-- ------~~-- - -- middot-l ~ bull - - j

rlt~CbYlri~ae~na~~ui~J~~~~~~~~~ewi~~l~~ei~~~~e~~e~n si~~~a~is~poundemiddot middot1 r-~ ltgtgtJJSfbodsqpplYMiSsiOn(SCIPA)servlng on the Working Committee oftheobVA bull j) Ih195LLaUrentaccentompanied thelraitian delegation to the Sixth Session ofi jgti~th~Food)nd Agriculture Organization (FAO) mee t f ngvtn Rome at that hme i( gt~offfciaisin Por t-iau-Pr-l nce considered himto be very friendlytowardthe jYmiddotmiddotCmiddotmiddotmiddotUziitecfStatesuurentwas a memberof the ODVAPlanningGroupwhiclrWrqte i

lititf~~t~~i~i~~~ili~m~Eo~m~f~~isect~e~m~1rg~17~f~~~1tianP~go~1atorf()r Lrr fgatLon development 1nthe valley bullthe DLF loan for ~ ~bull~~ ~ rmiddote middotmiddotfraDltOis ~tortue ascholarly intelligent criti~ofboth the Duvaliermiddotmiddot -

f ~) of-USforeTgnnaid who claims toGovernnientand the administration be a closeI - personal friend of Laurent observes that the _latterisabrltlian(an4--- i gmiddott ltyell~q~lified administrator -whb understands the -prob~~e~_~t~~~i~~-U~

~~~~~EmbassYinP6rt-aubullPrince statediri December1962 that Laureritwas -r-epor-tedLy middotF middotemployed~by the United Nations in Gbanaj Laurent is knowntot~L~~b~Isl~~_~~

middotlt~~iltfriendly to AmerLcans

-middotmiddotmiddotmiddot(ContLnued) _bull

I

~) 1 1

)

sc -

i~

LAuRE1iT~Ga~vey(Cont Lnued)

~mu4tto five feet ten Lnchesrta Ll and of medium build Garvey bullraurl2ntwasborrtcirca 1917 andwas reared in Port-au-Prince He was ~ducat~dltcs anagronome ec6n(Jrn~~~) Agr1~~Lt~aJta~5l1~~ttf~~ 13~~h~~~~ep

College-itPort-au-Prince and also studied at the University of California Laurent studied agr Lc ul tUralmiddot econornics--filiheUnitea--States--onar-iiED--middotmiddot~~---r-- --------middot--------------middot----cmiddotmiddot---middot-middot-- ----------- ------~middotmiddot-- ----grant in 19+0bull His wife Clara is an American Negres s from California who holdsariH~A degree from the University of California and is a former t~acller

-at~th~Vni6nSchoolin Por-tvau-Pr-Lnce They have four children Laurent bullbull~a5ariexcellent commandof Englis h

D~~tnl

bull

n

- 51-

0-0 N F I DE N i I A L NO FOREIGN DISSEM

i i

- bull

LEVEQUE Louis R HAITI - _Former Minister of Public Works

Transportation Communication and Social Welfare

Appointed Minister of Public Works Transportation ca-Commund-t1Onsand Social Welfare in May 1961 touis~~~ue wa~9-r~~9

from the Haitian cabinet on 18 January 1963 lAveque s dismissal was reported-to be the resUlt ofhis-effortE-to--ab-sbive--his-Mini~try--oi-- -_re~ponsibili ty for- theappropriatIon~fiyother-Hari1an-Ministries- of ii quantity of US----heavyequipmentloaned to--taCtT-poundor--various--- -c--- -

projects Whenmiddotthe projects had been terminated the Ministries Simply took over the -equipment for their own personal use _ Levequef s

di~claimer of responsibility was contained in a letter sent to all gt Mlriistrieson 14 January 1963 accompaniedby a charge of malfeasance

- middot---middot-(PrePared in cooperation with Simon DesvarieuXform~r Minister of bull _-_ _ iIUsttce also dismissed on 18Janllary 1963) against the other - -

bull ~_ XjMinistde~gtreveque ~ohas declared that he wolild refuse any -

~ f~lt-middot-~~ri~~~~~~S~6n~~1 ri~a~~t~ ~~~)~~c~r~~~i~s ovef bull - lt-- -Publ1cworks projects as heed of the National Renovation Movement

- (McnJvementde La Renovation Nationale - MNR) Leveque has reportedlYgt

jtitX~~~~~dtb~rivate pra~tice as aconstructio~~E~n~~~~ ------~~-

----~))~ii~i~J~~~cs~r~~~~~~~lJiffri~i~e~frh~yene~h~l~-aiPmiddotmiddot

gt_ -c Councilmiddot-on National Resources in 1958 was forced to resign

middoti~~f~l~ri)middotji~~~~g~~~~rr~~i~=rr~gl~~~~on~~a~~ai~~middotmiddot ~~~iifosi=fiin ~-- middotmiddotmiddotatOthecab1netin October 1961

J

i~~~~i~lifiJi~~5~~rE~F~]E~~~r~~2r ~UStUIulsforaprojectednewairportiii Haltr--Plans-f-~~----

~- ~ -

lt)_-igt~(i- ~-

~I~~l~~~~~~~tmiddot~M~l~t - laquo bullbull ~ bullbull -~lt ~~~J~_~~~~t ~ ~ -

-lt

n

- 51-

0-0 N F I DE N i I A L NO FOREIGN DISSEM

i i

- bull

LEVEQUE Louis R HAITI - _Former Minister of Public Works

Transportation Communication and Social Welfare

Appointed Minister of Public Works Transportation ca-Commund-t1Onsand Social Welfare in May 1961 touis~~~ue wa~9-r~~9

from the Haitian cabinet on 18 January 1963 lAveque s dismissal was reported-to be the resUlt ofhis-effortE-to--ab-sbive--his-Mini~try--oi-- -_re~ponsibili ty for- theappropriatIon~fiyother-Hari1an-Ministries- of ii quantity of US----heavyequipmentloaned to--taCtT-poundor--various--- -c--- -

projects Whenmiddotthe projects had been terminated the Ministries Simply took over the -equipment for their own personal use _ Levequef s

di~claimer of responsibility was contained in a letter sent to all gt Mlriistrieson 14 January 1963 accompaniedby a charge of malfeasance

- middot---middot-(PrePared in cooperation with Simon DesvarieuXform~r Minister of bull _-_ _ iIUsttce also dismissed on 18Janllary 1963) against the other - -

bull ~_ XjMinistde~gtreveque ~ohas declared that he wolild refuse any -

~ f~lt-middot-~~ri~~~~~~S~6n~~1 ri~a~~t~ ~~~)~~c~r~~~i~s ovef bull - lt-- -Publ1cworks projects as heed of the National Renovation Movement

- (McnJvementde La Renovation Nationale - MNR) Leveque has reportedlYgt

jtitX~~~~~dtb~rivate pra~tice as aconstructio~~E~n~~~~ ------~~-

----~))~ii~i~J~~~cs~r~~~~~~~lJiffri~i~e~frh~yene~h~l~-aiPmiddotmiddot

gt_ -c Councilmiddot-on National Resources in 1958 was forced to resign

middoti~~f~l~ri)middotji~~~~g~~~~rr~~i~=rr~gl~~~~on~~a~~ai~~middotmiddot ~~~iifosi=fiin ~-- middotmiddotmiddotatOthecab1netin October 1961

J

i~~~~i~lifiJi~~5~~rE~F~]E~~~r~~2r ~UStUIulsforaprojectednewairportiii Haltr--Plans-f-~~----

~- ~ -

lt)_-igt~(i- ~-

~I~~l~~~~~~~tmiddot~M~l~t - laquo bullbull ~ bullbull -~lt ~~~J~_~~~~t ~ ~ -

-lt

i~~~-f~a~r-

- 52-

middotC-O~N-F-I-D-ENfIAL -NO FOREIGN nr SSEM

bull c

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotLEVEQUElOuis (continued)R

middot was familiar With the project An uncontLrmed report states that bulldur-Ing the administration of Paul E Magloire (1950-56) Leveque middot saved DuvalIer- slife A$ a result the latter in gratitude trusted

-Uveque but vas jealous of his reputation Leveque is regarded aidemocratically inclined reasonably rorest and--prUS---heTs middotbullberreved--to--havebecome~fncreasngry--ikepli2alof-DUv8lier and by F~pruary l9Orreportedlymiddot-yelmiddotCtli8middotCthe DUvaIfe-r--gQvrnmerit---coU1(i- notmiddotlast much longer -He-has--beenmeiitionecCas-one--ho-coUidpiay

middotmiddoti~onstrUCmiddotHve roIe-Under a new government Onewell-informed source vrepor-tedrthat an organization of opposition leaders(lall

i pro~Urlitedmiddot States) in Haiti through Leveque had offered their cooperatf onrto themil1tary leaders in the Haitian Army and bullbullere

middotmiddotmiddoteXpeCtingan acceptance of their offer before 22 February 1963 Anotherknowledgeable but untested source recently described

i middotflVgque~as~middotoneofthe~few-honest-governmeni offiCi8lstomiddothave imiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot servedVi th tEe-Dtivariermiddotregrme~teveque- wasdescrited~as--aCapable

L middott~f~-~~5H~~~~w~n~~=trt~~~bull i(middot~ --~

~ B~rillnP9rt~~u Prince on 30 January 1910 into a lo bullbullerinidd1e lctass family Louis R ieuroveque received his schooling at the r middotInst1tut1ohStLouisde GonzagUe andrthe Ecole des Sciences J_)~FApPliqu~es cb()thin~ Port-au-Prince) -rece iving ~ degree in civil ~~erig1heering frOnt the latter reveque IS first positiOn is believed rmiddot ltmiddot~middotmiddotmiddot~topave been Wi-th th~ Department of Public Wor~ Tn 1939 he vaa gte

f-ltSY~mPioyedbi aUSrlrinbuilding bridges and dams throughout Haiti i tinHll94J he was employed by the Soeiete Ha~tienne- lIldmiddotfioIIi--1942tmiddotlt~gt~ricainedeDeyeiop~mlmt Agd61e (SHADA)a Haitian Government rbulllti~~Y)~Wt()~oration~stablishedtor the purpose of developing and exploiting 1 nth~agricUltural 8ndotherresources ofHai ti particularlysisal i

i middotmiddotmiddotlt~r~middot~-lUl)lber hile ork1ngasan engineer for iheInstitutemiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotIzi1944bullbull bullbulli lt-[T~6flhter~AlpericanAffa1rs(IIAA)he received a ttan1ng grarrtrto L 2gtmiddot$tU4y at Harvard Uri1 Returning to Hei ti s~itaryerig1neering versi ty bull

middotmiddot~~)lt1rl1945jhe was attached to the Amerdcan Sartitary l-lission to Ha1t1 middotmiddot~middot~~Witlwhichhe served Until 1947~ S1nc~that tiIlle hehasbeeri

middotmiddot3imiddotlt~middotehga8edin contracting and bUilding projects in varlouspr1vate ~ltHa1ti inclWiing extensive vork on the US Embassy residence

gt~~~)~+~~ - - middotgt~imiddot~middotkbespeCtacled Negro about six feet t vo inches tali bullbullei~lngi ( ~~ congenial but ratherreticertt~ppro~dinatelY 185 pounds Leveque is

~~~~~I~~i~~~E~~~t~~FfF~~~~~e~~~h~~~fu~ed~ -i~middot ~ - e~O-NF-iDEN-f~IA-Lri~~l~~gtmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotWO bullFOBEIGNDISSiM

- middotmiddotr

- t- lt~~~~- ~ ~ -

53-

O-O-N-F-I-D-El-N bullbullf-I-A-L NO FOREIGN DISSEM

bull

11_-- (-

bull

man wohasprospered moderately His friendship with Duvalier is thought to date back -tof9lj]j--whenmiddotthey both rece tved scholarships to study Ln themiddot United States

-

Ieveque is married and the father of at least five children two of whomstudied at aNew EriglandCatholic school from 1955

to1957H~ speaks French Creole and English

UNEQUE Louis R~

RWgf

(continued)

Marchmiddotmiddot1963

- bullbull ~

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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

middotLHERISSONC8mille HAITImiddot

A former Secretary-of state for Health and Education Camille -- middotUlerisson- as of March 1959 vas Secretary OeneraL of the Assembly

_ofH8Jtian Democratic Affairs (AHDFT~to-alition--bftheopposition groups ofwuis Dejoie Daniel-Fignoie-an(fclemEmt~jwnen~e---formed--

t ~ - tY_-9l~~~=-~~~~aiiI25=~~---He--ia180 ~~H8IB-an--eXiI~s-ili~NewY~poundli~3~I 1a ineinberof the executi vecomini ttee of the Movementfor the Unification oftl)~Jraltian Opposition (Mouvementd Unification de lOpposition

amp1 tienne bull on 2SAugust 1961 between membersbull- MUCH) In a meeting of the executa ve committee of MUCHand a US State Department offiCial Lherisson stated that the situation in Raitl warranted

some rsor-t+of concerted action and suggested that the US initiate action in the CAS designed to bring about a change ofgovernment

inHaiti He went on to say that was prepared to workthe MUCHi closeiyWtth the US in achieving that object ve either overtly rov~ztly-

I ~

bull br~LherissqIl a well-known pbysician who has devoted much jgtlt middot9fhislife to study and practice -or-iiiedicine~~wasborn oillomiddotmiddot---

j middot~X-ltmiddotltgt-~~riyentij~ di middot~~~~~~~eror~ea~r~~~i~r~~~tU~~~~~I~ gt~middot-~gt-lt8ndspetLtayearat HarvardUniversityln19~he wasmiddot identified j middot~saIilember of the tJnifiedDemocratic Front in Haiti an organization Imiddot gtmiddotraquovhiGhdid~tlot give its support to the Military Execut~ve Committee I bulldpmiddotmiddotmiddotj gtand ~h1chtormeda Committee of Public Safetymiddotmiddot As a spokesman gt forgtthls COmznittee Lher-Lsson caJled on the US Ambassador and

rmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot i bull bull ~ ~~bull bullbullbullbullbullbull bullmiddot middotmiddoti bull middot middotlt~6=~~~hh~1~~~~~e Q8o~~e~~6 ~d~6~~r~1e~eo to - bull ~ ~bullbulli bull ~ middotbulli middot theCQIimlitteeoffubliq Safetymiddot Although Lhedssondeclinedanc

jn~~~~~~1~t~f~~~~i~~~~~~bull~~~Igtmiddotmiddotmiddot~middotgtmiddot eoMayi95iunder President PaUl E Magloire for whomLherisson I bull -- - ~ 0 _-- --~- - -- bullbullbull ---~ -------------- bullbullbull ----

i had higll p~ise According to a US Embassy report Lherisson was 1

- -

gtj r i I

-

~ 139- r ~ROFF~CIAL USE ONLY

~ gt

bull j ~

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

middotLHERISSONC8mille HAITImiddot

A former Secretary-of state for Health and Education Camille -- middotUlerisson- as of March 1959 vas Secretary OeneraL of the Assembly

_ofH8Jtian Democratic Affairs (AHDFT~to-alition--bftheopposition groups ofwuis Dejoie Daniel-Fignoie-an(fclemEmt~jwnen~e---formed--

t ~ - tY_-9l~~~=-~~~~aiiI25=~~---He--ia180 ~~H8IB-an--eXiI~s-ili~NewY~poundli~3~I 1a ineinberof the executi vecomini ttee of the Movementfor the Unification oftl)~Jraltian Opposition (Mouvementd Unification de lOpposition

amp1 tienne bull on 2SAugust 1961 between membersbull- MUCH) In a meeting of the executa ve committee of MUCHand a US State Department offiCial Lherisson stated that the situation in Raitl warranted

some rsor-t+of concerted action and suggested that the US initiate action in the CAS designed to bring about a change ofgovernment

inHaiti He went on to say that was prepared to workthe MUCHi closeiyWtth the US in achieving that object ve either overtly rov~ztly-

I ~

bull br~LherissqIl a well-known pbysician who has devoted much jgtlt middot9fhislife to study and practice -or-iiiedicine~~wasborn oillomiddotmiddot---

j middot~X-ltmiddotltgt-~~riyentij~ di middot~~~~~~~eror~ea~r~~~i~r~~~tU~~~~~I~ gt~middot-~gt-lt8ndspetLtayearat HarvardUniversityln19~he wasmiddot identified j middot~saIilember of the tJnifiedDemocratic Front in Haiti an organization Imiddot gtmiddotraquovhiGhdid~tlot give its support to the Military Execut~ve Committee I bulldpmiddotmiddotmiddotj gtand ~h1chtormeda Committee of Public Safetymiddotmiddot As a spokesman gt forgtthls COmznittee Lher-Lsson caJled on the US Ambassador and

rmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot i bull bull ~ ~~bull bullbullbullbullbullbull bullmiddot middotmiddoti bull middot middotlt~6=~~~hh~1~~~~~e Q8o~~e~~6 ~d~6~~r~1e~eo to - bull ~ ~bullbulli bull ~ middotbulli middot theCQIimlitteeoffubliq Safetymiddot Although Lhedssondeclinedanc

jn~~~~~~1~t~f~~~~i~~~~~~bull~~~Igtmiddotmiddotmiddot~middotgtmiddot eoMayi95iunder President PaUl E Magloire for whomLherisson I bull -- - ~ 0 _-- --~- - -- bullbullbull ---~ -------------- bullbullbull ----

i had higll p~ise According to a US Embassy report Lherisson was 1

- -

gtj r i I

-

~ 139- r ~ROFF~CIAL USE ONLY

~ gt

bull j ~

~~~~-~J

i- 5S- C ~ poundlmiddotmiddotl

i FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

LHERISSON CBmllle(Continued) -

posttion Ln May 1951Lher1sson told a US official that his discharge

was causedprtmarily by Luc Fouche secr-etary of State for the Presidency who according to Lherisson had been conspiring against

- him for some time While it is not known what personal feelings v e~~t betveen Ulerisson and Fouche it is worthwhile to note that -f - middotmiddot~o~cnemiddotisalso a member of the executive committee of the MUCHand

gt middotthat in the August 1961 meeting between member-s of the MUCH executive ~ommittee and a US officialLherisson associated himself

entirely vith the views expressed by his colleagues includingmiddot middotmiddotFouche Lher-Isson was appointed head of the Haitian delegation that attende-d-Uie--s iithsess1on-of--theUNESCO_GeneraIConfe rence r fn-Igtar-rsduring the--summer-6TI95Y----He--wiasmiddotafSoa-iIiemberof Haitis

gt delegation- to the -Uni tedNafions-undermiddotMagIo-fre---governme-nf---Itismiddot-- nameappeared on a January-T956USEmtiassYiTsi-of-rtaHiansconsidered

middotmiddotrilost influentlalintheformulating of government policies and -aetmiddotons bull

_ AtWashingi9n Dbull C in mid-July 1957 14erisson st~ted his ~ltoppOsltiontomiddotthe KebreauMilitary Council which then ruled H~lti middotdeclar1ngthat the regime headed by Colonel Kebreau was maintaining

areiSnofterror and vas permitting the JumelleandDuvalier - raquo ~ supporters to operate freely vhd Le persecuting those of Dejoie

(The pr~viousmonth a US official had reported that Lherisson was (~aln~ariyasanYonethe head of Dejoiet s intelligencesystem tI) r

~ ~~ ~

~held~a meeting inNewYork City with Daniel Fignole which was

bull~middot~ltmiddotn~tfC~~e~Ilea~ia~~~~~r~~~~f~~I~m~~~~~~I~~cl-~~~~~iQ~~ j ~ a1etter dated 23 March1959~ Lhed-sson-weLsadvisedti1af-themiddotmiddott~lti)In ~ d~ i middot-ltaitianexiles to attend a meeting on 24 January The latter

1 middot-middot~~i~ik~j~nngF~~~t~~i~i~~~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~ middotmiddotltmiddot~~ti~Commuhi$t group with the objective of supporting the interior I middotmiddot middot~ifrontin Haiti in order--to1irIrliCabout~the~iister ofPresident----

bull middotT~middot~~(~Pt1alterThegrouP-pledged ip support~tomiddotmiddotthe-iiudentmoveme-nt~ j ~laquo~iHa1tiand also arrived at a united declaration which was signed l~ ltl(YbY_~~irly-f1VePersonscal~i~lthe ele~tioncouncil to bring

~-lt~~~~- lt USEONIYFOROFFICIAL

~It~i~fli0j bullbull

- S~-

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

LliERRrSSONI Camille (Continued) J J middotmiddoteffective finances and forces into the fight against Duvalier Asi I

01 January 1961 this group was attempting to obtain the signatures - 1-middot and approval of Haitian political leaders Louis Dejoie Gaston

JUmelle and Luc Fouche

Lherisson has demonstrated concern over the possibility of -Comnxuiiistinfluence in HaIHanschools~esp-eciallY amongthe--tacultie s-tnMaY-YSf51 he-7aikea--amiddotmiddottJS--Eriibassy--otficlaT -Lt- Hiere

~ middotmiddotmiddotwe-re~not-anofficer e~pecially assigned to the Embassy to follow such activities and stateathat if so he woUld like to establish

a close liaison with him In November1958 Lherisson shqwed US Otficials at the Department of state some material conce rnfng Fz-ench Commwtistiriterestin Haiti

Lherisson has also been an organizer of various inter-American philosophical congresses asa memberof the Societe Haitienne d )-Etudes Scientifigues of which he w~s president in 1955 He served

gtltqn the student Selection Coimnittee ofihe Institute of International v -~ gt~(Education in 1945 and at various intervals since the early 1940s

middot~iLmiddot~~~_middot_~T~~ft~~nHn~y~sbnc~~e~~lr t~gd~~~~~a~~~i~ versity bullbullbull middotmiddotA bulltgt-~In~timiddottut~f9ra number of years _gt

bull - -

-

July 1962

J I imiddot

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-$7-

t SraEmiddote~R-E-f NO FOREIGN DISSEM

I IS cd

I I

J ~

MANrGAT ks~ie F HAITI

Co-Director of the Secondary St-ud1es Center Port-au~Prince

tmiddot

-

8-E~CREirmiddot NO FOREIGNDISSEM

~

I 5lWITGAT leslie F (continued)

J I

middothe woUldhave like to see Jumelle as President he thought Duvalier middotlIoUldbe politically a better candidate l-1anigat remarked to a i gtUSofficial in September 1960 that he had been- in tiUble-- with i t~ePresident recently over his falluret-upariicipate more actively in the DilVlierist movement--aIid--sa1dthat DuvalLerwas r~middot~Uurihappy that he had not written and g1verispeech~-sManIgatintimated

middotimiddotmiddotmiddot bull~~AR~h~~~-~7amp~a~~~~~~~Ii~~~~~~vi~~~r~~~~~-~~~~ltf bull l lt~)hcOnf1dericein the President eXpressedbitterness over the lack 1~~9t~Pos1tive accomplishments by the regime He also stated in 1960

1I middot-ltLliatmiddoth~ thought the TJSGovernmentdestred to bring down the c (nuvalier regime EnApril 1962 Manigatseemed discouraged about Hi~oppo~1tlon prospects for overthrowing Duvalfez-and fei tthatIgt middotonlysuperlor forceandtlie right event or condition could remove ~himfrotiitlle scene He feels there is a necessity for a transftional gt re8lmemiddotthat wouldn9t--try-t6 seek revenge _on-ctheDuvalIerlsts-noW---- f i~iii~thegovermDen1in June 1962 he said that most of-theable-men 14nthe-goVei-nmenarenow opposed to thePre~fderit but that they j l~~middotDiti6tbe reasnli~e(fthatthey will not suffer if he ralls or even

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotiftheyhelptotry-to-tr1ng hirriCiownHedoes not bel1evethat [

middoti imiddot

~middotmiddotmiddot~andmiddott6bemotion8l1yunstableltto be Presideritat this time Hedid

~~~~ ~~~C_~ j ~~middot-~middottgtrisl1e F Man1gatwas born to a distinguished Cap HaYtiEm r ltmiddot~~~~8milY Port-au-Prince His lateon16 August 1930 in father Lmiddot~~i~f~~~qlh~yenmiddot~ft~~~wasmiddot AgricU1tu~e ~ Labor~nister of Education Lmiddotf~~~f~vliri4erPrefJidentStenioV1ncent (1930-41) and Foreign Minister1ltLt~gt~~t~Irefi1dentDUnlafs816 Esti~ (1946-5d) Eriteringthe S9rb~nne- bull middotimiddot)iqioParisin 1948 he obtained an MA in 1952with honors in hlstOY i~_~~~1~~Wi~dlPimai~ame-7ieNinT953-fn the1atte~

rrji~~ff~f1~~irfbullbull~ i bull ~a~~~middot ltj -~

- S~-

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

LliERRrSSONI Camille (Continued) J J middotmiddoteffective finances and forces into the fight against Duvalier Asi I

01 January 1961 this group was attempting to obtain the signatures - 1-middot and approval of Haitian political leaders Louis Dejoie Gaston

JUmelle and Luc Fouche

Lherisson has demonstrated concern over the possibility of -Comnxuiiistinfluence in HaIHanschools~esp-eciallY amongthe--tacultie s-tnMaY-YSf51 he-7aikea--amiddotmiddottJS--Eriibassy--otficlaT -Lt- Hiere

~ middotmiddotmiddotwe-re~not-anofficer e~pecially assigned to the Embassy to follow such activities and stateathat if so he woUld like to establish

a close liaison with him In November1958 Lherisson shqwed US Otficials at the Department of state some material conce rnfng Fz-ench Commwtistiriterestin Haiti

Lherisson has also been an organizer of various inter-American philosophical congresses asa memberof the Societe Haitienne d )-Etudes Scientifigues of which he w~s president in 1955 He served

gtltqn the student Selection Coimnittee ofihe Institute of International v -~ gt~(Education in 1945 and at various intervals since the early 1940s

middot~iLmiddot~~~_middot_~T~~ft~~nHn~y~sbnc~~e~~lr t~gd~~~~~a~~~i~ versity bullbullbull middotmiddotA bulltgt-~In~timiddottut~f9ra number of years _gt

bull - -

-

July 1962

J I imiddot

I 1 ~

-$7-

t SraEmiddote~R-E-f NO FOREIGN DISSEM

I IS cd

I I

J ~

MANrGAT ks~ie F HAITI

Co-Director of the Secondary St-ud1es Center Port-au~Prince

tmiddot

-

8-E~CREirmiddot NO FOREIGNDISSEM

~

I 5lWITGAT leslie F (continued)

J I

middothe woUldhave like to see Jumelle as President he thought Duvalier middotlIoUldbe politically a better candidate l-1anigat remarked to a i gtUSofficial in September 1960 that he had been- in tiUble-- with i t~ePresident recently over his falluret-upariicipate more actively in the DilVlierist movement--aIid--sa1dthat DuvalLerwas r~middot~Uurihappy that he had not written and g1verispeech~-sManIgatintimated

middotimiddotmiddotmiddot bull~~AR~h~~~-~7amp~a~~~~~~~Ii~~~~~~vi~~~r~~~~~-~~~~ltf bull l lt~)hcOnf1dericein the President eXpressedbitterness over the lack 1~~9t~Pos1tive accomplishments by the regime He also stated in 1960

1I middot-ltLliatmiddoth~ thought the TJSGovernmentdestred to bring down the c (nuvalier regime EnApril 1962 Manigatseemed discouraged about Hi~oppo~1tlon prospects for overthrowing Duvalfez-and fei tthatIgt middotonlysuperlor forceandtlie right event or condition could remove ~himfrotiitlle scene He feels there is a necessity for a transftional gt re8lmemiddotthat wouldn9t--try-t6 seek revenge _on-ctheDuvalIerlsts-noW---- f i~iii~thegovermDen1in June 1962 he said that most of-theable-men 14nthe-goVei-nmenarenow opposed to thePre~fderit but that they j l~~middotDiti6tbe reasnli~e(fthatthey will not suffer if he ralls or even

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotiftheyhelptotry-to-tr1ng hirriCiownHedoes not bel1evethat [

middoti imiddot

~middotmiddotmiddot~andmiddott6bemotion8l1yunstableltto be Presideritat this time Hedid

~~~~ ~~~C_~ j ~~middot-~middottgtrisl1e F Man1gatwas born to a distinguished Cap HaYtiEm r ltmiddot~~~~8milY Port-au-Prince His lateon16 August 1930 in father Lmiddot~~i~f~~~qlh~yenmiddot~ft~~~wasmiddot AgricU1tu~e ~ Labor~nister of Education Lmiddotf~~~f~vliri4erPrefJidentStenioV1ncent (1930-41) and Foreign Minister1ltLt~gt~~t~Irefi1dentDUnlafs816 Esti~ (1946-5d) Eriteringthe S9rb~nne- bull middotimiddot)iqioParisin 1948 he obtained an MA in 1952with honors in hlstOY i~_~~~1~~Wi~dlPimai~ame-7ieNinT953-fn the1atte~

rrji~~ff~f1~~irfbullbull~ i bull ~a~~~middot ltj -~

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MANrGAT ks~ie F HAITI

Co-Director of the Secondary St-ud1es Center Port-au~Prince

tmiddot

-

8-E~CREirmiddot NO FOREIGNDISSEM

~

I 5lWITGAT leslie F (continued)

J I

middothe woUldhave like to see Jumelle as President he thought Duvalier middotlIoUldbe politically a better candidate l-1anigat remarked to a i gtUSofficial in September 1960 that he had been- in tiUble-- with i t~ePresident recently over his falluret-upariicipate more actively in the DilVlierist movement--aIid--sa1dthat DuvalLerwas r~middot~Uurihappy that he had not written and g1verispeech~-sManIgatintimated

middotimiddotmiddotmiddot bull~~AR~h~~~-~7amp~a~~~~~~~Ii~~~~~~vi~~~r~~~~~-~~~~ltf bull l lt~)hcOnf1dericein the President eXpressedbitterness over the lack 1~~9t~Pos1tive accomplishments by the regime He also stated in 1960

1I middot-ltLliatmiddoth~ thought the TJSGovernmentdestred to bring down the c (nuvalier regime EnApril 1962 Manigatseemed discouraged about Hi~oppo~1tlon prospects for overthrowing Duvalfez-and fei tthatIgt middotonlysuperlor forceandtlie right event or condition could remove ~himfrotiitlle scene He feels there is a necessity for a transftional gt re8lmemiddotthat wouldn9t--try-t6 seek revenge _on-ctheDuvalIerlsts-noW---- f i~iii~thegovermDen1in June 1962 he said that most of-theable-men 14nthe-goVei-nmenarenow opposed to thePre~fderit but that they j l~~middotDiti6tbe reasnli~e(fthatthey will not suffer if he ralls or even

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotiftheyhelptotry-to-tr1ng hirriCiownHedoes not bel1evethat [

middoti imiddot

~middotmiddotmiddot~andmiddott6bemotion8l1yunstableltto be Presideritat this time Hedid

~~~~ ~~~C_~ j ~~middot-~middottgtrisl1e F Man1gatwas born to a distinguished Cap HaYtiEm r ltmiddot~~~~8milY Port-au-Prince His lateon16 August 1930 in father Lmiddot~~i~f~~~qlh~yenmiddot~ft~~~wasmiddot AgricU1tu~e ~ Labor~nister of Education Lmiddotf~~~f~vliri4erPrefJidentStenioV1ncent (1930-41) and Foreign Minister1ltLt~gt~~t~Irefi1dentDUnlafs816 Esti~ (1946-5d) Eriteringthe S9rb~nne- bull middotimiddot)iqioParisin 1948 he obtained an MA in 1952with honors in hlstOY i~_~~~1~~Wi~dlPimai~ame-7ieNinT953-fn the1atte~

rrji~~ff~f1~~irfbullbull~ i bull ~a~~~middot ltj -~

8-E~CREirmiddot NO FOREIGNDISSEM

~

I 5lWITGAT leslie F (continued)

J I

middothe woUldhave like to see Jumelle as President he thought Duvalier middotlIoUldbe politically a better candidate l-1anigat remarked to a i gtUSofficial in September 1960 that he had been- in tiUble-- with i t~ePresident recently over his falluret-upariicipate more actively in the DilVlierist movement--aIid--sa1dthat DuvalLerwas r~middot~Uurihappy that he had not written and g1verispeech~-sManIgatintimated

middotimiddotmiddotmiddot bull~~AR~h~~~-~7amp~a~~~~~~~Ii~~~~~~vi~~~r~~~~~-~~~~ltf bull l lt~)hcOnf1dericein the President eXpressedbitterness over the lack 1~~9t~Pos1tive accomplishments by the regime He also stated in 1960

1I middot-ltLliatmiddoth~ thought the TJSGovernmentdestred to bring down the c (nuvalier regime EnApril 1962 Manigatseemed discouraged about Hi~oppo~1tlon prospects for overthrowing Duvalfez-and fei tthatIgt middotonlysuperlor forceandtlie right event or condition could remove ~himfrotiitlle scene He feels there is a necessity for a transftional gt re8lmemiddotthat wouldn9t--try-t6 seek revenge _on-ctheDuvalIerlsts-noW---- f i~iii~thegovermDen1in June 1962 he said that most of-theable-men 14nthe-goVei-nmenarenow opposed to thePre~fderit but that they j l~~middotDiti6tbe reasnli~e(fthatthey will not suffer if he ralls or even

middotmiddotmiddotmiddotiftheyhelptotry-to-tr1ng hirriCiownHedoes not bel1evethat [

middoti imiddot

~middotmiddotmiddot~andmiddott6bemotion8l1yunstableltto be Presideritat this time Hedid

~~~~ ~~~C_~ j ~~middot-~middottgtrisl1e F Man1gatwas born to a distinguished Cap HaYtiEm r ltmiddot~~~~8milY Port-au-Prince His lateon16 August 1930 in father Lmiddot~~i~f~~~qlh~yenmiddot~ft~~~wasmiddot AgricU1tu~e ~ Labor~nister of Education Lmiddotf~~~f~vliri4erPrefJidentStenioV1ncent (1930-41) and Foreign Minister1ltLt~gt~~t~Irefi1dentDUnlafs816 Esti~ (1946-5d) Eriteringthe S9rb~nne- bull middotimiddot)iqioParisin 1948 he obtained an MA in 1952with honors in hlstOY i~_~~~1~~Wi~dlPimai~ame-7ieNinT953-fn the1atte~

rrji~~ff~f1~~irfbullbull~ i bull ~a~~~middot ltj -~

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ISOJSE-e-R=E=P iNOFOREIGNDISSEM

~

MANIGAT F ( contmued i leslie I

- C

ear he also received a de gree in international relations from the nst1 tuteof PoIIT~StUdresinParis--RetUTIling to RaTtI he--

entered the Foreign Office where he served as assistant in charge of EurQpean African and Anierican act1 Vities during 1953-55 and as

i ltDirector of Cultural Affairs during 1956-57 From August to October 1959 Man1gat pqrticipated in a State Department reaefermiddotGrant -program

bull ravorablyimpressed by his Vislt-he-traveledthroughout-the-tjriite-a-- middotState~ andmiddotbecame ~cquain~ed with the teaching of-1Ijternat-iQ~middotmiddotmiddotmiddot~- relations in US universities Manigat atteiided-the-bAS~Foreign

Ministers Meeting in San Jose Costa Rica during August 1960 He then wrote an articleinthe periodical Le Nouvelliste in

reply to rumors that the Haitian delegatiorihad blindly followed U8direction~ at -middotSan Jose s tatLng that H-aiti had middott8ke~middot an rindependentlfj jmiddotstand Although prone to favor the Unfted States Manigat is quick

v t ~~l~~ei~e~~i~~i ~~c~r~~~t-~~-f-~~~~~~U~~o~~~~Irs~~ the- i~~ fiUtly sure that -Martigattended to be neutral on the Cuban question f middotmiddotmiddot~(middotltt~ire~erit1lllof any US pressurestQ push Haiti into an anti~Castro lt~gtdeCJarati6n~middot Whil~ he thinks that the Uniied States has been guilty

middotiKii~t~~~~~E~]~~~~~~~~~1~~~Ergt~~~r~~taus i~s~an~~~~~~~~m ~lt~i~abou~Aif~~~~~r~~~~tf~-~~~~~~~0

rttmiddotmiddot middot-middotmiddotimiddotmiddotl~[~j~c=~~~~f~ff ~~~~~~Ji~l~f~~ty Manlgat d8itycombines a very fulischedule of t~aching working

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MauoINr Emmanuel HAITI

SO lay 16 1963_~~~~lMompointwas in asylum in the

Chilean Embassyin Port-au-Prince bull ~

Aigtrofessor 6finternatibnal uiwat the University of Haitis Faculty of Law Dr EmmanuelMompoint-s~a-middotyoung~--articuiateHaiiIa1 middotmiddotwlldgivesmiddotmiddotprcimis~ of playing an important-role-lil-Haiffan-affaiJs--- forinany years to come Mompointis also an~nspector-o-f7pubiic--

CBdministraticn the Haitianwith th~ Cour Sup4rieure des Comptes i ~raquo gt 1deg thttBur er ly tautght aRt~i9omiteltparti eau degtftthe ltJdglet htemiddotform cdourse

U aons aiona l u es n po l ca rns l t a he Eco e N e des Hau es - middotmiddotIpte~~tionalesmiddot Hafti Lc trai~ihg school springf smiddot df pLomat In the s

- Cif 1961Mompointyisited the United States on a FqreigllLeader-Grant - gtaridreturned on another grant-lnAprir-iSf62---A--fIaHIan~6iiposHi6n- i

j r smtrcerecentlyreportedto US officials that he understood the US

rmiddot lt~Enb~$sYha(lselected a tivill~-militaryjunta composedof Mompoint t 1middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotColo~lDanie1Beauvoir Father George Joseph Chatelain and C-eorges

L Cadett6 govern in theeirent ot President Fran90iS DUvalier sfall kmiddot~X-~frompower~ F

r gtlt- MompOin-twasmiddotborn 1926 atca~Hatie~Haitf - Flmnanuei 13~cemb~r r middotmiddotmiddotHeattendedsecondary school at the Petit Senunaire College St Martial iiihP6ltau~Prince wherele receiveahiSbaccalaureate in June 1945 1middotmiddotftPJD1945until1948 he studiedecortoIilicsat the University of Haitimiddot ) ltmiddotand tIomJ950to 1956 he studied law at the-UiiiversIiy-ot]arls-tlimiddot

~i~~i~ t~middot jjlt ~gt - J

r -gt( Identified ashonest progressive and respect~d iJ Haitial1

j bull middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotofthe Scholarship Selection CommitteemiddotHB1tian-American Momp6intis

the~tnQftVQgi~~pe_g~od~liChi963[(i~~~~ilf~~jeM bullbullbullbull gt - ~

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MauoINr Emmanuel HAITI

SO lay 16 1963_~~~~lMompointwas in asylum in the

Chilean Embassyin Port-au-Prince bull ~

Aigtrofessor 6finternatibnal uiwat the University of Haitis Faculty of Law Dr EmmanuelMompoint-s~a-middotyoung~--articuiateHaiiIa1 middotmiddotwlldgivesmiddotmiddotprcimis~ of playing an important-role-lil-Haiffan-affaiJs--- forinany years to come Mompointis also an~nspector-o-f7pubiic--

CBdministraticn the Haitianwith th~ Cour Sup4rieure des Comptes i ~raquo gt 1deg thttBur er ly tautght aRt~i9omiteltparti eau degtftthe ltJdglet htemiddotform cdourse

U aons aiona l u es n po l ca rns l t a he Eco e N e des Hau es - middotmiddotIpte~~tionalesmiddot Hafti Lc trai~ihg school springf smiddot df pLomat In the s

- Cif 1961Mompointyisited the United States on a FqreigllLeader-Grant - gtaridreturned on another grant-lnAprir-iSf62---A--fIaHIan~6iiposHi6n- i

j r smtrcerecentlyreportedto US officials that he understood the US

rmiddot lt~Enb~$sYha(lselected a tivill~-militaryjunta composedof Mompoint t 1middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotColo~lDanie1Beauvoir Father George Joseph Chatelain and C-eorges

L Cadett6 govern in theeirent ot President Fran90iS DUvalier sfall kmiddot~X-~frompower~ F

r gtlt- MompOin-twasmiddotborn 1926 atca~Hatie~Haitf - Flmnanuei 13~cemb~r r middotmiddotmiddotHeattendedsecondary school at the Petit Senunaire College St Martial iiihP6ltau~Prince wherele receiveahiSbaccalaureate in June 1945 1middotmiddotftPJD1945until1948 he studiedecortoIilicsat the University of Haitimiddot ) ltmiddotand tIomJ950to 1956 he studied law at the-UiiiversIiy-ot]arls-tlimiddot

~i~~i~ t~middot jjlt ~gt - J

r -gt( Identified ashonest progressive and respect~d iJ Haitial1

j bull middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotofthe Scholarship Selection CommitteemiddotHB1tian-American Momp6intis

the~tnQftVQgi~~pe_g~od~liChi963[(i~~~~ilf~~jeM bullbullbullbull gt - ~

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15

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S El O-R-E=l NOFORN

~-

t bull lUGAUD Georges E (Dr) HAITI

I Imprisoned by the Duvalier regime in November 1960 in conjuction i bull with the student strike of that date Dr Georges E Rigaud was still q~ing held in Port-au-Prince as of April 1962 Dr Rigaud who is not~ 0

j to be confused gtTith his cousfn lawyer Georges D Rigaud has been a very controver-ste) individual Over a period of many years One school ofthougllt bas contended that he is a CorqrqUriistwhile another school V1ci1eritly--~Cnteststhis allegation Rigaud h~s probably neverbeen---

sGOmmunist although he has consistently associ~ted himself with left=-

rln~rgoupsand personali tiesand has shown himself easily influenced by their-middotiaeamiddotsmiddot~-~-filmid~l959 the most danger-ous personalities allegedly

-~biding8n influence over Dr Rigaud were Max D Sam Etienne Charlier and Claude Roumain In 1946 he was believed to be pro-United States An ancestor Andre Rigaud is reported to have fought at Savannah uriderthe Conte DEstaing and Dr Rigaud on at least one occasion

gt~~SmiddotunoffiCially been called a son of the AmerLcan Revolution

-gt R1igaudhaslongbeen active in circles in opposition to President middotltmiddotmiddotDuvali~~-and has at various times collaborated gtTith opp-6sTHonTea-ders

~rnClUciiilgmiddot the lite Clemerit Jumelle Daniel Fignole and LoUiS-neJoie--~fn gt middot)ebi-Uary1959 he was one of the repre sentatives-cr JilmeHT at- the signing

- ~middotiiiNew agreement between op1osi iiion factLons rto York of the combfne their middotmiddotFgtmiddot(2effort~i6overthr6wPu~~lier In J~dthat year he wasagain reported middotmiddotmiddot~middotgtlt~tobeftiNewyorkonamiddotmissi6n to coordinatemiddotmiddotactivities of Ha1tian exiles

(-~middotmiddotfmiddot--r~middotmiddotmiddotmiddot - s

I igti)~andlnternalopposi tibn groups Described as a forcefUl man wi th leader-

i middotltYLg1~)~J~amp~~i~~~ep~~~~~e~~t~ =d~~l~i~ =~~~~0ei~~7~s Imiddot ~middotmiddotmiddot~gtlg59~-Rfgaud headed the RePublican Democratrc Union (Union Democratjque ~gtReplibllcalrie-UDR)i anorganizatlon domfnat ed by muiattoesaffiliated

1_middot~~~~_middot3~~iff~~()~~eW~6~~~middot~~emiddot~O~~~g~~e~~~i~6 ~~~~~~~er~~e~~ a~ol~~i~d~~tmiddot lt- itti~)957as the Secretary General of the Haitian Democrat1c Alhanee

i~

c ~ bull

~ - - ~

~

S-E-eR-Eai NOFORN

RIGAUDjGeorges E (Dr) (Continued)

ltCtrOinthe Department of the West but was defeated During his cam-gtmiddotmiddotpafgn he enjoyed the support of the Popular Socialist Party and

wsatthe tiIile alleged to be the real chief of this party and a close friend and supporter of Max Hudicourt official head of the

party Rigaud was alleged to be the leader of the short-lived -C()mmitteeof NatlonaL Defense -hich was composed chiefly of members

6ttheColllrmmist and Popular Socialist Parties- including a number e - of defeatedcanclldatesinthe May 1946 elections This Committee

threatened to Launch a general strike if it did not receive satisfac-tionin its demandsvthaf the elections be annuLled because of fraud

that the Military Executive Committee retire and that a civilian ~ -prOvisional government be formed Rigaudas leader of this group ltambitiouslyhoped to becomethe -provfstona Lpre stderrt and in that ~wayfscilita1Eihisadvent totheconstitutionaJ presidency His

-ambitions were thwarted however when the Cominittee was dissolved - by the Mi1itary EXecutive Committee

When President Estime _assumed office in _the summer of 1946 he -t - middotmiddot-ltapp6iIitedRigaud as his Minister of Commerceand AgricultureHe middot~_risgenerallymiddotbelieved to have conducted his duties honestly in this L- -JrPo$ftibri although his radical-leftist reforms encountered stiff ---

bull r_lt~ppOsitioil~middot~Afteralittleniorethan two months in this postRigaudI ltjecarheembr61ied-ina bi-tterfeud with Education Minister Daniel - I _ -lii~~l~~~re~igned his gtOsitmiddotionmiddot --

_ _middot~-IribullhlSmiddotnior~gtrcentmiddotcentcar~er Rigaud ~iipporte~~Uis Dejoie in the - lt middotmiddot~middotilt1957~lectlonsbullIi+June1958 exiled Danielmiddot Fignole who has apparently 1-lt~-tfreCbncl1~dhisqIfferences with Rigaud reportedly subordinatedhI~- ~Tmiddotmiddotgt6l1owerstoRiga~d that capable of coordina~who at time was believed middotgtltlt-_ingtheF~o1istsarid Dejoieists for unified action against thegov- bull rmiddot~gtA~f~~nt~middot - bull J S~middotgtltDr~GeorgesRigaudwasreportedlymiddot born 2 October 1905 (another i --source gives his date of birth as 31 December 1909) in Port-au-Prince I --~~Haiti He is described as a typical elite Haitian cafe-au=lait in

17-tif~f~~i~~~~fELh~~y~-~~c~~n~=t~n S~ti~e~~o~f p~~vate imiddotmiddot~gt-t~utors middot hemiddotattended the HaitianMedicalSchoQlmiddot and the--Later Universitymiddot )3~~H~of~rlllno1s- dentistrY Whenmiddothe--Wa-ampmiddotpracticingmiddotthIeago where hestudied 1~middotLJ~ig~udwasregardedasoneofthe best dentistsin Haiti Sophi13ticated

3i~~B~i~~~$~-i~~O~E~~~~~~~=a~~r~~~~~2Ud bull middot-middot~~middotYa Catholic -lIIE1rTledLucieLochard in 1929 They have four sons ~amplf~j~l bull~J~~iea~~epeasR=~i~h~~ti~~e~=~~ust

-~ ~i8middot2-middotmiddot

SE-QR-~i middotmiddotmiddotmiddotNOFORN

SwoEwe FlwEl 9 NOFORN

HAITI

L

bull PrevioUsly in exile in the United States wherehe claimedtobe the main representative of the JU1Ilellist opposition group the Perti bullNational Haitien (PNH) Roger Rigaud is at present in the DominIcan ~~pu~lic where le-ls rep~rt~~~2~_he~~sectC~r_~t~_gr_~tiP~~f~aJ_~_9Jexiles who are organizing a revolutionary movementto overthrow the

C bullbull gQyernment of Fran~ois Duvajje~~--ThisiiU)vement ~eimiddothasmiddotai~gediy--re ved theapprovaland support-of-VfrtatloFiallo president of the National i middotctvicUn1on (Umon Cvica NaCional UON) and the consent of high-

~ r~1ngQffiC1alsofthe Dominican Government It wasftirtlier 1

reported that one aspect of the plans of the revolutionary group waSmiddot tob~gin broadcastLng anti])Uvalier programs from jeep-mounted

t middottransm1tters in the DomiriicailRepublic Before he arrived 1n the

h

i~~middot-middotDOiniriican~Reptiblic in early February 1962 Rigaud had been soliciting ~~j[imiddotmiddotj=~=~~~~~~N~~~~~i~Z i-~-ltgtgtlJilrChase-Brms tobe used for an invasion of Haiti by certain former

imiddotmiddotmiddot~~i~Tl~~o~~~~s~~~~ ~~~h~h~~-=~e us~-~~r c~~~~er~ bull gt- ~ose~~igatid naseIaobeen closely associated wi thGaston Jtane11e~ headoftheJUl1ellist group considered to be one of the three chief r i) exn~gr01lPs - --~--~--------in bullopposftIOnmiddot7fo~DUvaIjer~---7middot------middot-------c-

~~ ~

middot~middotC-~~~ l3OI-t1riPetitcOave Haiti on 31 December 1913 Roger Rigaud

I in plotting sometime during 1957middotmiddotbecame~nvolyed anti~governmentI bullgtgtlt~i8IId1958 middotandvas theriforced into exile arri Yi~g in NevYork City i~)t-middot~lri~ch_1958fromHaitiAreportctated 5 September 1958 listed1~Jilf~r~~~~v~a 00 bebull ~~~c~~a~~ik~eo~~~d - middotmiddotmiddotijB~4~i~~~I~~C lt bull bullbullbullbull bull

SalaS-RaEaIF NOFORN

-

RIGAUDRoger(~ontinued)

1959 Rigaudbullbullbullbull of1() Feblliary as ident~fied as one of the signatories~agreementbetweennejoieFignoie accfjiiriieIie--to-seekthemiddot-d1sDussal middotmiddotmiddot~~~~~~~21fYi~~-r~i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiich--~mee~Jrt-gmiddot

JBitt July 1962

Ri~audWith his brother Pierre J have lately been seeking supportfar middotanmiddotarmainvasion~ofmiddotHamiddoti-tmiddoti~-middotacrossmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot-~Ehe-middotD6niii ican- rrontier~--The two

- ~1AimtohaVesetup-gu~IIia~r-ainiti~~~t~i~i-~~~=p~i~~~~E~p~J~~lti~dtheyrecept~ succ~~ced~_~ ~9PP~ngp~a)g~E~P~l11~~~flt~t)~~i

mOvement(National Democratic Movenent- UDN frommiddotthe air over Port -aii=Wiricemiddot -------------------~------- ---------------------- ~- -~---- -

-

-~s -6EOREP

TELSON Adelphin HAITI

i

-

bull A former Secretary of State for InteriorNational Defense and JusticejMeIphIn-~Te-ison-Ts---an opposiiionleadercurrentlY in JiIdThifrn-Port aii=Prlnce---Tn-IafeMarc hT962--SCcordIngto--a-- ----

source ofunkriown reliability followers of Telson claimed that about 12ltHaitian Arirry officers including several of high rank

middothad beenapproached and were willing to prepare a coup to be carriedmiddot outwhenever some gravEincident or psychologically significant

development occurs on the political scene It was further reported ~hat the Telson g~0uPadvocate~_~_lt2-y~il2an-milItagJun-ta-middot~~sect~~-middot the country until elections could be held ---~- --- -----_-_ __ - ----~---------

r Telsona Negro was born on 22 December 1910 at Gros Marnemiddot Gonaives Haiti He graduated from the law school at Port-au-Prince in 1934 and from 1934 until 1941 practiced law in Gonaives middotmiddotDuping-this periOd he also collaborated ~in the local newspaper JtfAiguillon to which he contributed numerous articles and taught nberalartsattheLyceeGeffrard In 1940 he was elected to the

Chamber of Deputfea He practiced law in Port-au-Prince from1946 until1950andlt in the latter year served as Vice Gonsulin New York City Re--elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1950middot he was s~lectedasthe chambers President In 1952 Telsonattended the

UNESCOC6nterericein Paris and in the following year he attendedmiddotmiddot ~theI3thconferenceofthe Iriter-Parliam~ntary Union in Washington DC~ InJanuElry195511e_w~sagain re-elected to the Chamber of Deputies andapparen~lyheldin high esteem by members of the

Chamber was re-Edectedits President A-friend ofmiddot (then) Pre afdent MaglolreTelsonwasapPoirited Secretary of Statefor Interior

National Defense and Justice on7 September 1955 and according to the Portaupdride press worked sincerely for the Magloiregovern-

ltmiddotgtimcentnt~Hishameappeared on a January 1956 us Embassy list of - lt Ha1tiarisconsidered middotatth~firn~~-b-emiddot-lnf1uehtIaImiddotfn~middotthemiddotfoi~mila

~ middottionofgovernmeIrtpolicies bulland actionsmiddot In MaY-f95~tWasmiddot-middot---7-- a _ -t-eportedth~t Telsons relationship with Magloire had cooled 1gtr()ltJltii~~~~Yh~~~e ni~~~s not being consulted on matters

-

I

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I~gt ~anghisg()ve~ninental careeJ_Esgtt~_as__Pres~9-~_~_~__tl~liltLi-lt clt - - Chamber oiLDeputies and as Minister of Interior National Defense imiddotWk~J~~~-andJusticeTelsQn was considered qy the USEmb~s~y to be an able i )~lt~ -administrator and an adept politician A US off~ctal in 1955middotmiddot

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~ described Telson as soft spoken and gentlemanly~ thoUgh he was middotmiddotfirIilLn his direction of the actiVi ties of the Chamber of Deput res ~Neyertheless an earlier evuafat ton of Telson stated that except

middotmiddotiorchairing the sessions of the Chamberof Deputies he had never _ done anything worthy of attention Port-au-Prince press reports

middotof Telson have been generally laudatory -AithcughspeCitfc iiifor-iation regardfng hi sTntegrity-an(ChonesfyI~ middotnofmiddotiivailiiblehe---sppe8rstobe free-middotfromchaimiddotgemiddots-orcmiddotorruptIonmiddot aJiddl shonestYmiddotHe d6esrtot share the undesirablecharacte-ristIc~so-hIs -brother~in-law MarcaisseProsper former Chief of Police in Port-au-Prince

lt _~ 1elso~1 si8IIrlly waSoriginally of us origin and wasbrougllt to Haiti middotmiddotmiddotmiddotshot1lYafter the end of theCivilWar~ It has been reported that ~ ~middot1e~sectonlias a d1sc1plinelt_~~~L_~~~e0f_PE~J~~~~_~I-9~_~t~~_~a~~~

andt~t he is a friendly person As of 1955he was married to ~~_Lmiddot((Mme)Andree (Laurent ) middotTelsone

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TEISONAdeiphinmiddot (Continued)

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~ described Telson as soft spoken and gentlemanly~ thoUgh he was middotmiddotfirIilLn his direction of the actiVi ties of the Chamber of Deput res ~Neyertheless an earlier evuafat ton of Telson stated that except

middotmiddotiorchairing the sessions of the Chamberof Deputies he had never _ done anything worthy of attention Port-au-Prince press reports

middotof Telson have been generally laudatory -AithcughspeCitfc iiifor-iation regardfng hi sTntegrity-an(ChonesfyI~ middotnofmiddotiivailiiblehe---sppe8rstobe free-middotfromchaimiddotgemiddots-orcmiddotorruptIonmiddot aJiddl shonestYmiddotHe d6esrtot share the undesirablecharacte-ristIc~so-hIs -brother~in-law MarcaisseProsper former Chief of Police in Port-au-Prince

lt _~ 1elso~1 si8IIrlly waSoriginally of us origin and wasbrougllt to Haiti middotmiddotmiddotmiddotshot1lYafter the end of theCivilWar~ It has been reported that ~ ~middot1e~sectonlias a d1sc1plinelt_~~~L_~~~e0f_PE~J~~~~_~I-9~_~t~~_~a~~~

andt~t he is a friendly person As of 1955he was married to ~~_Lmiddot((Mme)Andree (Laurent ) middotTelsone

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~( THEARDAIlIire HAITI

~-

Minister of Agriculture

bull c Minister of Agriculture since October 1960 Arldre Theard was first appointed-to-th-e--HaHiari---cabinet-in-i957-alliCi1as sinc~~survi ved nine of--theten Duvalier--cablnet--shakeupsTFlewas-i1otIncluded-n-- ---cabfnetvnumber six) A former careerofficial in the Ministry of Finance Theard served as Under Secretary of that MinIstry during194849 From 1952 to 1956 during the administration of President Paul Magloire (1950-56) he held no government position and reportedly

took up farming In 1957 he was named lvlinisterof Commerceand National Economy reliriquishing thatposi tion in 1959 to accept the post of Fihance Minister which he retained until December of

that seeraquo Theard has been descz-fbed by several -primarily an opportunist although US-officials

sources asmiddot who have dealt

Vithhim-overanextendedperiod ofmiddot time generally agree --thaf-he ishone~t~ competent and pro-US -----------------------------------

-Born on 28June 1905 to a prominent mulatto faniilyin Port-au-Prince)AIlIirerheard received his secondary education at Saint

_roU1sde Go~ague inPort~a)l-Prince He later studied in France rettirningto_ HSittabout 1928 or 1929 From 1930 on he worked his

wayup fn the OfF1nance-in

Finance Miriistry bull His appOiiltment a~ Under-secretary 1948 was well received by US-off1cials~Whoregarde-d-

it as SimplY awell-deserved (ifsomewhat unusual) promotion-Of~a-- vi lt~ompeteht career employee~Theard t sf1rst cabinet---appoiitmen~ih-

195Twassaidtobethe result of his work on the finance section of DuvaliersCanipaign committee An untested source also reported at

middot~thesame timethat Theardwas in close contact with the most corrupt of~Vaii~rtssupporters and that he cqnsideredpoli tics a means otpersOnal aggrandizement In late 1959 after one- cabinet res~gna bull t~on~ea-dmiddot stated that he would under no circurilstancespea member

middotoftpenew -cabfnet nevertheless shor-tLythereafter he againmiddotmiddot acc~pted anlinisterial pqrtfolio In 1962 an untested source reported that Theard was disaffectIrr with Dilvaiier~-and-recent reports by those who have dealt am hone~t public servant

with him regardhimas acompete~~ -

middot1mreTh~ard is married to a Frenchwomanbull

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