Bi 1: Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht kh CH4, C2H4, H2, CO2

Chuyn : ANKEN(Tip theo)Bi 1: Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht kh CH4, C2H4, H2, CO2. Vit cc phn ng xy ra.

Bi 2: Cho 3,5gam anken A phn ng vi 50 gam dung dch brom 40% th va . Tm cng thc ca anken A. T A vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch etylen glicol.

Bi 3: Khi t chy mt th tch hirocacbon A c lin kt i trong phn t cn 6 th tch oxi v sinh ra 4 th tch CO2(Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin) Bit rng A c th tc dng vi hiro to thnh mt hirocacbon no mch nhnh. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A v vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

Bi 4: Cho 3,36 lt hn hp gm mt anken v mt ankan i qua dung dch brom thy c 8g brom tham gia phn ng. Bit rng khi lng 6,72 lt hn hp l 13gam.

1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai hydrocacbon.

2. t chy 3,36 lt hn hp th c bao nhiu lt kh CO2 v bao nhiu gam nc. Bit rng cc kh o ktc.

Bi 5: Cho 1gam hn hp etan v etilen i qua dung dch brom.

1. Vit phn ng xy ra.

2. Xc nh thnh phn khi lng ca hn hp, bit rng cho phn ng xy ra hon ton l phi dng ht 80g dung dch brom 5%.

Bi 6: hiro ha hon ton 0,7gam mt anken cn dng 246,4cm3 hiro ( 27,3oC v 1 atm). Xc nh cng thc phn t. Vit cng thc cu to, bit rng anken c cu to mch khng nhnh

Bi 7: Cho 2,24 lt mt hn hp kh A (ktc) gm etan, propan, propilen sc qua dung dch brom d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 2,1gam. Nu t chy kh cn li thu c mt lng CO2 v 3,24 gam H2O.

1. Tnh thnh phn % th tch mi kh.

2. Dn lng CO2 ni trn vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch KOH 2,6 M. Hy xc nh nng mol cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng.

Bi 8: Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B, s nguyn t hiro trong phn t A bng s nguyn t cacbon trong B. Khi t chy 3gam hn hp X th thu c 5,4 gam nc. Xc nh cng thc phn t A, B v tnh % th tch cc kh trong hn hp A.

Bi 9: Mt hn hp gm H2, mt ankan v mt anken ( c cng s nguyn t cacbon vi ankan). Khi t 100 ml hn hp thu c 210 ml kh CO2. Mt khc khi nung nng 100ml hn hp vi Ni th sau phn ng cn li 70ml mt hirocacbon duy nht.

1. Tm cng thc phn t ca ankan v anken.

2. nh % th tch ca ankan v anken.

3. Tnh th tch O2 cn t chy 10ml hn hp (Cc kh o cng iu kin)

Bi 11: Cho hn hp X gm anken v hiro c t khi so vi heli bng 3,33. Cho X i qua bt niken nung nng n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi heli l 4.

Tm cng thc phn t ca anken.

Bi 12: Cho hn hp kh A gm 2 anken. t chy hon ton 7 th tch A cn 31 th tch oxi cng iu kin.

1. Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 anken. Bit rng olefin nhiu cacbon chim t l trong khong t 40 n 50% th tch ca A.

2. Tm % khi lng cc anken trong A.

Bi 13: Cho hn hp H2 v etilen c t khi hi so vi hiro l 7,5.

1. Tnh thnh phn % th tch kh trong hn hp.

2. Cho hn hp trn vo bnh kn c bt niken nung nng lm xc tc th sau phn ng thu c mt hn hp kh c t khi so vi H2 l 9. Xc nh thnh phn % hn hp kh sau phn ng.

Bi 14: t chy hon ton 0,25 mol kh A thu c 33g CO2 v 13,5g hi nc.

1. Tm cng thc phn t v cng th cu to ca A, bit rng (ktc) khi lng ring ca A l 1,875g/l.

2. Tnh khi lng sn phm to thnh khi cho lng cht A trn qua dung dch brom d.

Bi 15: Hai hirocacbon A v B u th kh, A c cng thc C2xHy; B c cng thc CxH2x (tr s x trong c 2 cng thc l bng nhau).

1. Lp cng thc phn t A v B. Bit rng t khi ca A i vi metan bng 3,625 v t khi ca B i vi He l 7. Vit cng thc cu to ca A v B.

2. Tnh lng sn phm thu c khi cho hn hp trn tc dng va vi 16g dung dch brom. Bi 16: t chy hon ton 0,03696 lt anken X 27,3oC v 1 atm, thu ton b kh CO2 vo dung dch KOH ta c 0,3g mui axit v 0,207g mui trung tnh. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X.

Bi 17: A v B l hai anken ng ng lin tip nhau. Cho 13,44 lt hn hp hai anken A v B (ktc) qua bnh ng dung dch brom thy bnh tng thm 28g.

1. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to hai anken.

2. Cho hn hp anken tc dng vi HCl th thu c ti a 3 sn phm cng. Xc nh cng thc cu to hai anken v gi tn chng.

Bi 18: Mt hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau c th tch 17,92 lt (o 0oC v 2,5 atm) dn qua bnh cha dung dch KMnO4 d, thy khi lng bnh cha dung dch KMnO4 tng 70g.

1. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to hai olefin.

2. Tnh % khi lng 2 anken trong hn hp.

3. t chy hon ton th tch trn ca hn hp ri cho sn phm vo 5 lt dung dch NaOH 1,8M s thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?Bi 19: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh (54,6oC; 0,8064 atm) gm 2 anken li qua bnh dung dch brom d thy khi lng bnh brom tng 16,8g.

1. Tnh tng s mol 2 anken 2. Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 anken, bit s nguyn t cacbon trong mi olefin khng qu 5.

Bi 20 : Hn hp A v B l hai anken c khi lng 12,6g trn theo t l mol l 1:1 tc dng va vi 32g brom. Nu trn hn hp trn theo t l khi lng l 1:1 th 16,8g hn hp tc dng va vi 0,6g H2. Tm cng thc phn t ca A v B, bit MA < MB.

Bi 21: Cho H2 v 1 anken c th tch bng nhau qua Ni nung nng thu c hn hp A. Bit rng t khi hi ca A i vi H2 l 23,2. Hiu sut phn ng hydro ha l 75%.

1. Tm cng thc v gi tn anken.

2. t V lt (ktc) hn hp A ni trn ri cho ton b sn phm chy qua 128g dung dch H2SO4 98% sau th nghim nng dung dch H2SO4 l 62,72%. Tnh V Bi 22: Mt hirocacbon A cha 85,71% C.

1. Tm cng thc n gin nht ca A.

2. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch Br2 c sn phm cng B. B cha 85,11% brom. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to ca ABi 23: t chy hon ton a gam cht hu c A cn dng 6,72 lt O2 (ktc). Sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh P2O5 thy bnh tng 3,6 gam ri qua bnh nc vi trong d thy xut hin 20 gam kt ta trng.

1. Tnh a?

2. Lp cng thc thc nghim ri suy ra cng thc phn t ca A, bit t khi hi ca A so vi nit l 2.

3. Vit cng thc cu to c th c, suy ra cng thc ng ca A, bit A cng vi H2O cho 1 sn phm duy nht.

Bi 24: Cho 9,8g hn hp hai anken lin tip trong dy ng ng tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch brom 0,4M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton nng dung dch brom gim i 50%.

1. Xc nh 2 anken trn v % m tng cht trong hn hp ban u.

2. Vit tt c cng thc cu to ng phn mch h ca 2 anken v cho bit cng thc cu to no khi cng nc cho 1 sn phm duy nhtBi 25: C 1,12 lt(ktc) hn hp X gm H2, ankan, anken (ankan v anken cng s nguyn t cacbon), t khi hi ca X i vi oxi l 0,575. Khi cho 560 ml hn hp X i qua bnh brom thy 16g dung dch Br2 5% mt mu ng thi lng bnh tng thm 0,14 gam.

1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ankan, anken.

2. Xc nh thnh phn % ca hn hp ban u theo th tch.

Bi 26: Sau khi cracking butan ta thu c 1 hn hp A cc hirocacbon. Cho 22,4 lt hn hp qua bnh ng dung dch brom th cn li 13,44 lt. Ly 1,68 lt kh cn li em t chy thu c 4,06 lt CO2. Cc th tch o ktc.

1. Tnh % cc kh trong hn hp A theo th tch.

2. Khi lng bnh brom tng hay gim bao nhiu?

3. Hiu sut phn ng cracking.

Bi 27: Hn hp X gm 2 hydrocacbon A v B (B c s cacbon ln hn A, A v B u phn ng vi dung dch Br2). 8,96 lit hn hp X tc dng ht vi nc brom cn ti thiu 64g brom. Mt khc, em t 8,96 lit hn hp X tng s CO2 thu c l 48,4g v khi lng H2O sinh ra t B ln hn A 12,6 gam. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A, B.

2. T B vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch A. Bi 28: Cho hn hp A gm C2H4 v H2 qua Ni, c hn hp B c dB/H2 = 4,5. Nu cho A qua dung dch Br2 d th khi lng bnh brom tng 0,14g. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.

1. Tnh khi lng cc cht trong A.

2. Tnh th tch dung dch brom 0,5M ti thiu cn dng.

Bi 29: t chy hon ton 4,8g cht hu c A thu c 8,064 lt CO2 (ktc) v 4,32g H2O. T khi hi ca A so vi khng kh l 1,38. Lp cng thc phn t ca A.

Bi 30: Mt hn hp kh X cha 0,15 mol H2 v 0,1 mol C2H4. Cho hn hp X qua bt Ni nng ta c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y qua dung dch brom thy c 0,8g Br2 tham gia phn ng.

1. Tnh hiu sut phn ng hiro ha.

2. Tnh t khi ca hn hp Y i vi O2. Cu 31: Hn hp X gm 1 ankan v 1 anken c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t v c cng s mol. Bit m gam hn hp X lm mt mu va 80 gam dung dch Br2 20%. t chy hon ton m gam hh X thu c 13,44 lt CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca ankan va anken l: A. C2H6 v C2H4 B. C3H8 v C3H6 C. C4H10 v C4H8 D. C5H12 v C5H10Cu 32: t chy hon ton 20,0 ml hn hp X gm C3H6, CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tchCH4), thu c 24,0 ml CO2 (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). T khi ca X so vi kh hiro l

A. 25,8.

B. 12,9.

C. 22,2. D. 11,1.

Cu 33: t chy hon ton 4 lt hh 2 hirocacbon A,B thu c 6 lt CO2 v 6 lt hi H2O (cc th tch o cng iu kin t0, p) .Cng thc phn t ca A,B l:

A. CH4;C2H2 B. CH4; C3H4 C. C2H6; C2H2 D. C2H6 ;C4H6

Cu 34: Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 11,25. t chy hon ton 4,48 lt X, thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (cc th tch kh o ktc). Cng thc ca ankan v anken ln lt l

A. CH4 v C2H4. B. C2H6 v C2H4. C. CH4 v C3H6. D. CH4 v C4H8Cu 35: Hn hp A gm H2 v 2 hircacbon (mt ankan, mt anken). Cho A vo bnh kn c niken lm xc tc, un nng bnh mt thi gian thu c hn hp B. Pht biu no sau y ng:

A. S mol A - s mol B = s mol H2 tham gia phn ng.

B. Tng s mol hirocacbon c trong B lun bng tng s mol hirocacbon c trong A

C. S mol CO2 v H2O to ra khi t chy hon ton A bng s mol CO2 v H2O to ra khi t chy hon ton B

D. C A, B, C u ng

Cu 36: Hn hp kh A cha etilen v hiro. T khi ca A i vi hiro l 7,5. Dn A i qua cht xuc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B c t khi i vi hiro l 9,0. Hiu sut phn ng cng hiro ca etilen l:

A. 33,3% B. 66,7%

C. 25%

D. 50%

Cu 37: (H 2009-KB) Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm hu c duy nht.T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thuc hn hp kh Y khng lm mt mu nc brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cuto ca anken l

A. CH2 =C(CH3)2. B. CH2 =CH2 . C. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3. D. CH3-CH=CH-CH3Cu 38: Mt hn hp gm 1 ankan v 1 anken. Dn hn hp qua dung dch brom thy dung dch brom nht mu v khi lng bnh tng 2,8 gam, sau phn ng thy thot ra 3,36 lit mt hn hp kh (ktc). t chy hon ton hn hp kh bay ra thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam nc. Vy cng thc ca anken v ankan ln lt l:

A. CH4 v C2H4 B. C2H6 v C2H4 C. C2H6 v C3H6 D. CH4 v C3H6 .

Cu 39: ( thi HSG 2009-TB) Khi Crckinh V lt butan c hn hp A ch gm cc anken v ankan. T khi hi ca hn hp A so vi H2 bng 21,75. Hiu sut ca phn ng Crckinh butan l bao nhiu?

A. 33,33% B. 50.33% C. 46,67% D. 66,67%

Cu 45: ( thi HSG 2009-TB) Tin hnh trng hp 1mol etilen iu kin thch hp, em sn phm sau trng hp tc dng vi dung dch brom th lng brom phn ng l 36 gam. Hiu sut phn ng trng hp v khi lng poli etilen (PE) thu c l

A. 85% v 23,8 gam B. 77,5 % v 22,4 gam

C. 77,5% v 21,7 gam D. 70% v 23,8 gam

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