anisotropy in cosmic ray arrival directions using icecube and icetop frank mcnally iscra
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Anisotropy in Cosmic Ray Arrival Directions Using IceCube and IceTop
Frank McNally
ISCRA
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IceCube and IceTop IceCube
Rate: ~ 2 kHz Energy Range: ~100 GeV – 1
PeV Data in Data Storage and
Transfer (DST) format contains limited information
IceTop Rate: ~ 20 Hz Energy Range: ~100 TeV –
1EeV More information per event
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Anisotropy in IceCube (Published)
IC59 Relative Intensity Map
Median Energy: ~20 TeV
IC59 Dipole & Quadropole Fit Residuals (20o smoothing)
Abbasi et al., ApJ, 740, 16, 2011 arxiv/1105.2326
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Anisotropy in IceCube (Preliminary)
Median Energy: ~20 TeV
Dipole & Quadropole Fit Residuals (5o smoothing)
4 years of data (IC59 – IC86-II) 1.24 x 1011 events
IceCube Preliminary
Relative Intensity
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IT59 + IT73 + IT81
Anisotropy in IceTop
Median energy: ~400 TeV
Median energy:~2 PeV
IT59 + IT73 + IT81+ IT81-II
High energy
IceTop Preliminary
IceTop Published Aartsen et al., ApJ 765, 55, 2013 arxiv/1210.5278
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Taking the Next Step
Goal Study anisotropy as a
function of energy and composition
New energy estimator Use additional
information provided by IceTop for more accurate energy and composition reconstruction
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Likelihood-based Energy Reconstruction – Building the tables
Using simulation, create histograms that store: Primary information
Composition, energy, zenith, and distances from tanks to shower core
Observables Charge registered at each
tank
Environment Snow depth at each tank
Bin all information 110 Energy Bins, 4 Zenith Bins, 4
Snow Bins, 70 Distance Bins, 46 Charge Bins
Normalize histograms, so a bin [C, E, Z, Q, S, D] gives the probability that……a particle with: composition C, energy E, and zenith angle Zdeposited a charge Q at a tank with snow depth S at a distance D from the
shower core
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Reconstruction
Iterative grid search tests core positions across array
Returns best core position, energy, and corresponding likelihood for each composition
Example of likelihood space for a fine grid search
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Performance
Log
10(E
_reco
/
E_t
rue (
GeV
))
Core
_reco
-
Core
_tru
e (
m)
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Composition Separation
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Energy Split Example (IT73+IT81):Split by NStations
3 stations
4 stations
5 stations
6 stations
7 stations
8 - 9 stations
10 - 14 stations
15 + stations
9.69x107
6.54x107
4.74x107
3.22x107
2.17x107
2.47x107
1.72x107
6.05x106
Relative Intensity Plots
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Summary & Moving Forward Large Scale
Anisotropy appears to change as a function of energy
Small scale Significant structure visible at 5o scale with IceCube
data Future Goals
More data now available: IT81-III / IC86-III
New energy estimation Use likelihood-based energy reconstruction to look at
anisotropy as a function of energy and potentially composition