animal facts presentation by: jentrey waugh reptiles
TRANSCRIPT
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Chordata: comprises true vertebrates andanimals having a dorsal nervous cord
Reptilia: class of cold-blooded air
breathing vertebrates with completelyossified skeleton and a body usuallycovered with scales or horny plates
There are 4 Living Groups (Orders)
Scientific Name
Characteristics
• adaptive to land
• internal fertilization
• As amniotes, reptile eggs are surrounded by membranes for protection and transport that adapt them to reproduction on dry land. development in a leathery shelled egg.
Characteristics
Endoskeleton: bones, spinal columns with strong skeletal system
•strongest weapon is mouth
•four legs for walking (most, snakes have lost legs)
•5 toes on limbs
•All have backbone (spinal)
Characteristics
Exoskeleton: thick, scaly skin (major diff. between them and amphibians)
•scales- small rigid plate that grows out of an animals skinto provide protection.
•Larger size: cover body parts exposed to physical stress (feet, tail, head)
•Smaller size: around joints for flexibility
•Scales keep moisture inside the body (they can live far from water)
Habitat
They can live almost anywhere because there are so many species (over 7,000) in all sizes.
Found on every continent but Antarctica.
•Freshwater and terrestrial
•Tropics or subtropics•Desert•Forest•Grassland•Swamp•Marsh•Scrubland•Jungle
Kansas Reptile: Ornate Box Turtle
Life Cycle
Reptiles do not have an aquatic larval stage.
Courtship: different ways for males to (woo) femalesdependent upon species.
Fertilization: Sexually- internally
Lay Eggs:Many species bury eggs to protect against other predatorsNatural heat from earth incubates the egg so the animal can develop. Females watch over eggs, nesting
Birth:Reptile hatches from shellBegins to eat and growNo metamorphosis (babies look like mini adults)
Develop into adults ready to procreate
Characteristics• ectothermic, body temperature varies according to
environment
• cold blooded (don’t need to consume much food to maintain a body temp)
• paired metanephric kidneys
• uric acid is the main nitrogenous waste
• Respiration: lungs instead of gills
• 3 (most) or 4 (crocodiles only) chambered heart
• well developed brains and central nervous systems
• developed sense organs especially sight and smell
LizardsSnakesWorm Lizards
Squamata
Jacobson Organ- in the roof of mouth that acts like a nose so they stick out there tongue to smell
Most have slender bodies, long tails, and clawed toes.
Some have no legs
Lizard Diet - insects, small animals,(Komodo dragon can eat deer)
Chameleon eyes can move independently, can see forward and backwards at the same time.
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Squamata
Jacobson Organ.
Most have slender bodies, no legs.
Snake Diet: Animals, eggs
Poor Vision, Can’t Hear, Feel vibrations
No teeth, swallow Animal whole. Unhinging Jaw.
Move by sliding on belly (land), waving body back and forth (water)
Some species have fangs: filled with poisonous venom
TurtlesTerrapinsTortoises
Testudines
Shell: •Hide in shells to protect from attach•Several boney plates that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle•Camouflage designs (black, brown, and dark green) to blend in with environment
No teeth, strong beaks
Diet- eat plants and animals (snails)
Can see more colors than humans do
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Tuataras
Sphenodontia
Nickname: “living fossils”haven’t changed much from ancestors
Hunt at night
Look like lizards, different skeletons
live longer (often more than 70 years)
Diet- (varies for species) leaves, fruits, flowers, insects, frogs, snails,birds, small lizards
Sharp teeth
CrocodilesGavialsCaimansAlligators
Crocodilia
Adapted to live in water and on land
Tail- acts like a paddle
Nostrils and eyes high on head for peaking out of water while hunting
“See-through eye lids”- eye lids cover eyes while under water like goggles
Strong, huge jaws. Lined with sharp teeth for ripping prey apart eat food in large chunks or swallow whole
Diet: fish, frogs, crabs, birds, other reptiles, pigs, deer, cattle, people*
Snouts:
Crocodiles- pointyAlligators/Caimans- rounderGavials- long, narrow
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Importance to Humans
Ecosystem:Natural life cycle they eat many species we (humans) find undesirable
Lizards eat insectsSnakes eat rodents
Without the links of the food chain many crops would be left defenseless against smaller, hungry predators like insects and rodents.
Food Source:In many cultures turtles, lizards, snakes, and alligators are common in daily diets
Retiles are a primary source of protein in some developing countries
Over hunting has caused termination of some species
Economy:Reptile skin for leather goods
Shoes, pocketbooks, belts, handbags, boots
Snake skin- similar products
Pets: Some require little care to maintain others can be extensive!
Bibliography
Bibliography: Arnosky, J. All about turtles. Broadway, New York: Scholastic Press, 2000. Print. Cheshire, Gerard. Scary Creatures. Lizards. New York: Scholastic Inc., 2008. Print. Mader, S. Biology. 8th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, N. Y. McCarthy, Colin. Eyewitness Books: Reptile. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 2000. Print. Wearing, Judy. World of Wonder Sea Turtles. New York: Weigl Publishers Inc., 2010.Print. World Book's Animals of the World. Alligators and Other Crocodilians. Chicago: World Book, Inc. A Scott Fetzer Company, 2003. Print. World Book Animal Lives. Reptiles. Chicago: World Book, Inc. A Scott Fetzer Company, 2009. Print. Online:http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Reptilia/ http://www.ehow.com/about_6469520_reptiles-important-humans_.html http://www.hbwbiology.net/taxonomy-reptiles.htm http://www.slideserve.com/maurilio/class-reptilia http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-amniotes.htm