ANG KALAGAYAN NG ILOG

ANGAT AT YAMANG TUBIGAN NG

BULAKAN

Dr Leonora C. Angeles

UBC School of Community and Regional Planning

At Mga Mag-aaral ng Bulacan State University at University of British Columbia

November 27, 2014 Planning Workshop with Provincial and Municipal Governments, Hiyas ng Bulakan Convention

Centre, Malolos City

Angat River Basin

Metro Manila’s main municipal water source

Irrigates farmland in Bulacan & Pampanga

Produces 10% of the nation’s hydroelectricity

Flood control for downstream municipalities

Domestic & industrial uses for bordering municipalities

Prime socioeconomic importance

(Bulacan, Luzon, Philippines…)

State of Angat

Environmental degradation Resource depletion

Extreme climate events

Increasing domestic, commercial and industrial water &

hydroelectricity demands

Informal Settlements Around the River

Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan – Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in

Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities,

the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State

University, 2014.

Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan – Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and

Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration

Thesis, Bulacan State University, 2014. Figure 9: General Land Use Map 1997 – Riverfront Barangays

Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan – Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in

Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities,

the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State

University, 2014. Figure 10: General Land Use Map 2007 – Riverfront Barangays

Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan – Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and

Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration

Thesis, Bulacan State University, 2014. Figure 8: River Distance Zone Map

Livelihoods – Pansakahan at

Pangisdaan

Quarrying, Trosohan at Minahan

Recreational Use - Turismo

Domestic Use – Paliguan, Labahan

Solid and Waste Water Disposal –

Tapunan ng Basura at Waste Water

Hydro-electric Power

Basin-Wide Issues

Multiple jurisdictional bodies with competing, overlapping & contradictory roles and responsibilities

Resources & power widely distributed

Lack of institutional mechanisms for coordination

Asymmetries between “watershed”, “problem-shed” & “policy-shed”

Result: Collective Action difficult = tragedy of the commons

Collaborative Governance &

Institutional Design Alternatives

for the Angat River Basin:

Anu-ano ang ating alternatibo?

Anu-ano ang ating gabayang

pambatas, pambansa at pang-

international?Dr Francisco A. Magno

Director, Robredo Institute of Governance, De La Salle University

Integrated Water Resource

Management (Magkakatugmang

Pamamahala ng Ating Katubigan)“Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a

process which promotes the coordinated development

and management of water, land and related resources in

order to maximise economic and social welfare in an

equitable manner without compromising the sustainability

of vital ecosystems.” (Global Water Partnership, 2014)

“Water governance is putting IWRM… into

practice” (World Water Council 2003).

“…We face a governance crisis, rather than a

water crisis.” (World Water Council 2003).

Sama-samang Pamamahala

(Collaborative Governance)

“A governing arrangement where one or more

public agencies directly engage non-state

stakeholders in a collective decision-making process

that is formal, consensus-oriented, and deliberative

and that aims to make or implement public policy

or manage public programs or assets.”

- Ansell & Gash, 2008

Mga Benepisyo (Benefits)

Sources of Knowledge

Awareness

Involvement

Buy-In (Enforcement, Compliance)

Effective Coordination

Creative, Diverse Resilient Solutions

Levels of Implementation

Monitoring

$ (Long-Term)

Sustainable: Social, Economic & Environmental Outcomes

Flexibility, Adaptability and Resilience

..

Mga Pangangailangan (Requirements)

Funding Time Cooperation & Co-ordination

TrustShared

Understanding Commitment

Incentives to Participate

Decentralized Management

Power & resources

(imbalances)

Strong Leadership

Environmental Representation

Paglikha ng River Basin Organization

sa Angat

(Creating an RBO for Angat)

Proposed stakeholders

Leading Agencies: Provincial Government of Bulacan

Provincial Planning and Development Office (PPDO)

Environment and Natural Resource Office (BENRO)

NATIONAL

NAPOCOR

MWSS

NIA

DENR

RBCO

REGIONAL

NEDA-Region 3

DENR – Region 3, Bulacan office

RBC

PROVINCIAL

Province of Bulacan

Bulacan Provincial Government

• Governor’s Office and Provincial Council

BENRO

PPDO

Bulacan Special Task Force on

Ancestral Domain (BSTFAD)

Dumagat Provincial Consultative Body

of Bulacan

LOCAL-MUNICIPAL

Angat Baliwag BustosDona

Remedios Trinidad

Norzagaray Pulilan Calumpit San Rafael

Plaridel Paombong Hagonoy

LOCAL-BARANGAYA

nga

t Niugan

Donacion

Taboc

Sulucan

Marungko

Santo Cristo

Laog

Banaba

Binagbag

Baybay

San R

afa

el Tambubong

Caingin

Pantubig

Lico

Poblacion

Libis

Talacsan

Moronquillo

Pulo

Bust

os Tibagan

Tanawan

Bonga Mayor

Poblacion

San Pedro

Cambaog

LOCAL-BARANGAYPulila

n

Dampol 2nd-A

Dampol 2nd-B

Tibag, Dampol 1st

Lumbac

Poblacion

Paltao

Longos

Santo Cristo, Taal

Pla

ridel

Rueda

Dampol

Sipat

Lumangbayan

Agnaya

Poblacion

Parulan

Calianin

Banga 1st

Banga 2nd

Calu

mpit

Iba Este

Ibe O’Este

Caniogan

Santo Nino

Corazon

Sucol

Poblacion

Calizon

Bulusan

Santa Lucia

Meyto

Ha

gonoy

Pugad

Tibaguin

Santa Elena

San Pablo

San Pedro

Abulalas

Carillo

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

Dumagat peoples

NGOs

Dangal ng Bulakan Foundation

EcoWaste Coalition

Sagip Sierra Madre Environmental

Society Inc (SSMERSI)

Diocese Ecological and Environmental

Program

Earth Lovers Volunteer (ELV)

Global Water Partnership

Philippine Watershed

Management Coalition

Green Peace (NAPACOR)

Haribon (NAPACOR)Sagip Sierra Madre

(NAPACOR)Farmer cooperatives

Fisherfolk cooperatives

PRIVATE SECTOR

Food processing

Mining

Cement processing

Marble processing

Pyrotechnics

Garment making

Religious Groups

Donors

UNIVERSITIES

Bulacan State University

De La Salle University

Potential Functions

Legislation (creation &

enforcement) Policy Planning Financing

Project implementation

Maintenance and operations

Information collection &

dissemination (advocacy)

Stakeholders engagement & coordination

Cultural preservation

Conflict resolution Capacity building Sustainable

Development

DRRM & CCA

Enabling Legislation

1991 Local Government Code (LGC)

Section 35

Section 36

Philippine Agenda 21 Memoranda Order No. 399/1996

Memoranda Order No. 47/1999

2011 Revised Environmental Code of Bulacan

Resolution No. 186-S 11

Where can we draw inspiration from?

Developed Nations

• USA

• Canada

• Australia

• Europe

Developing Nations

• Mekong River

• Brazil

• Mexico

• Others

Where can we draw inspiration from? -

Philippines

Iloilo Watershed Management Council (IWMC)

• Tigum-Aganan Watershed Management Board

Laguna Lake Development

Authority

Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission

Cagayan De Oro River Basin

Management Council (CDORBMC)

Lake Lanao Watershed Protection

and Development Councils

Bicol River Basin PMO

Cotabato-Agusan River Basin

Development PMO Cagayan River PMO

Manila Bay River Basin Coordinating

Committee

Mindanao River Basin Task Force

THANK YOU

TALAKAYAN NG MGA MUNICIPAL MAYORS

AT MUNICIPAL STAFF

• Cluster 1 - Dona Remedios Trinidad,

Norzagaray,

• Cluster 2 - Angat, San Rafael

• Cluster 3 - Bustos, Baliwag

• Cluster 4 - Plaridel, Pulilan

• Cluster 5 - Calumpit, Hagonoy,

Paombong

Katanungan (Guide Questions):

• Anong porma o struktura ng sama-samangpamamahala at kooperasyon ng mgaMunisipyo ang kailangan para sapangangalaga ng Ilog Angat? (What inter-jurisdictional collaborative governance framework is most appropriate for Angat River and its tributaries in Bulacan?)

• Anu-anong papel at responsibilidad and nararapat para sa Pamahalaang Probinsiyal, Munisipal at Barangay sa ganitong porma at struktura? (What are the appropriate roles and responsibilities for the Provincial, Municipal and Barangay Governments in such a framework?)