android based real time parcel …...iii dedication in the name of allah swt, most gracious, most...

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ANDROID BASED REAL TIME PARCEL MANAGEMENT AND TRACKING

SYSTEM WITH INTEGRATED GPS

NUR AZZIZATUL AISYAH BINTI NOR AZIZI

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

(SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT) WITH HONOUR

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2019

i

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the report of the project titled Android Based Real Time

Parcel Management and Tracking System with Integrated GPS is based on my

own investigations and based on information from sources that stated. This

dissertation is submitted to the Faculty Informatics and Computing, Universiti

Sultan Zainal Abidin as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of

Computer Science (Software Development) with Honour. I also declare that my

work was never be produced by any student of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin.

_____________________________________

Name : Nur Azzizatul Aisyah Binti Nor Azizi

Date : ............................................................

ii

CONFIRMATION

I have read this report and in my point of view, this project report was prepared

and submitted by Nur Azzizatul Aisyah Binti Nor Azizi (BTAL16043744) and

has been satisfactory in terms of scope, quality and presentation as partial

fulfilment of the condition and requirements to be awarded as Bachelor of

Computer Science (Software Development) with Honour.

I also confirm that the research conducted and the writing of this report was under

my supervision.

_____________________________________

Name : Dr. Wan Suryani Binti Wan Awang

Date : ............................................................

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DEDICATION

In the name of Allah SWT, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

This final year project, Android Based Real Time Parcel Management and

Tracking System with Integrated GPS is dedicated to my beloved mother and

father who is giving me a lot of moral support to complete this project. Also, to

my supervisor, Dr. Wan Suryani Binti Wan Awang that always guides me to

complete my final year project. My sincere thank you goes to all lecturers and

Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development) group members who

always help me in many ways to completed this project. Lastly, this project was

dedicated to the Faculty Informatics and Computing of Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin.

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ABSTRACT

Nowadays, many students at universities used online shopping rather than go the

shop to buy something that they need. This may cause a problem, especially to the

Residential College to manage the parcel received. Android Based Real Time

Parcel Management and Tracking System with Integrated GPS is developed for

staffs and students of Residential College at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

(Besut Campus) to handle and manage parcel while for student they can easily

know whether they have parcel or not without entering Residential College office.

In the existing system, process is conducted manually that consumes a lot of time

and human effort. Therefore, the proposed system is to change the current process

to computerized system, by sending the notification using WhatsApp and also Bar

Code Scanner using ant colony algorithm. This system also can generate

informative report about the parcel statistics. The technique that has been applied

in the project development is the integrated GPS. The Global Positioning System

(GPS) is a navigation and precise-positioning tool. In the development, PHP

language and MySQL has been used as programming tools. PHP is a scripting

language widely used to write web applications while MySQL is an open source

relational database management system. As a result, web-based system are

developed and this system helps increase the efficiency of parcel management

activities.

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ABSTRAK

Pada masa kini, ramai pelajar di universiti menggunakan belanja dalam talian

daripada pergi membeli-belah untuk membeli sesuatu yang mereka perlukan. Ini

boleh menyebabkan masalah, terutamanya kepada pihak Kolej Kediaman untuk

menguruskan bungkusan yang diterima. Android Based Real Time Parcel

Management and Tracking System with Integrated GPS dibangunkan untuk

kakitangan dan pelajar yang tinggal di Kolej Kediaman, Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin (Kampus Besut) untuk mengendalikan dan menguruskan bungkusan untuk

pelajar dengan mudah, mengetahui sama ada mereka mempunyai petak atau tidak

tanpa memasuki Pejabat Kolej Kediaman. Dalam sistem yang sedia ada, proses

dijalankan secara manual yang mengambil masa yang lama dan memerlukan

banyak usaha manusia. Oleh itu, sistem yang dicadangkan adalah untuk mengubah

proses semasa kepada sistem berkomputer, dengan menghantar pemberitahuan

melalui WhatsApp dan juga Pengimbas Kod Bar. Sistem ini juga boleh

menghasilkan laporan informatif mengenai statistik bungkusan. Teknik yang telah

digunakan dalam pembangunan projek adalah GPS bersepadu. Sistem Kedudukan

Global (GPS) adalah alat navigasi dan tepat. Dalam pembangunan system ini,

bahasa PHP dan MySQL telah digunakan sebagai alat pengaturcaraan. PHP

adalah bahasa yang banyak digunakan untuk menulis aplikasi web sementara

MySQL adalah sistem pengurusan pangkalan data relasi sumber terbuka.

Akibatnya, sistem berasaskan web dibangunkan dan sistem ini membantu

meningkatkan kecekapan aktiviti pengurusan bungkusan.

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CONTENTS

PAGE

DECLARATION i

CONFIRMATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ABSTRACT iv

ABSTRAK v

CONTENTS vi

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES ix

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Problem Statements 2

1.3 Objectives 3

1.4 Scopes 4-5

1.5 Limitation of work 6

1.6 Expected result/contribution 6

1.7 Research structure 6

vii

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 7

2.2 Criteria from Previous Study (Existing System) 8-15

2.3 Research Comparison (Articles) 16-17

2.4 SDLC- Waterfall model 18-19

2.5 Chapter Summary 19

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Waterfall Model 20

3.1.1 Requirement and Specification 21-22

3.1.2 System Design 22

3.1.3 Implementation 23

3.1.4 Testing 23

3.1.5 Deployment 24

3.1.6 Maintenance 24

3.2 Architecture and Modelling 25

3,3 Context Diagram (CD) 26-27

3.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

3.4.1 DFD Level 0 28-30

3.4.2 DFD Level 1 31-33

3.5 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 34-39

3.6 Data Dictionary 40-45

3.7 Chapter Summary 46

REFERENCES 47

APPENDIX 48

viii

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

2.2 Comparison of existing system 15

2.3 Research comparison 16-17

3.6 Admin 40

3.7 Staff 41

3.8 Student 42

3.9 Parcel 43

3.10 Inbox 44

3.11 GPS 45

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITILE PAGE

2.4 Software Development Life Cycle 19

3.1 Waterfall Model 20

3.2 Architecture and Modelling 25

3.3 Context Diagram 26

3.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 0 29

3.5 Data Flow Diagram Level 1: Register details process 31

3.6 Data Flow Diagram Level 1: Login details process 32

3.7 Data Flow Diagram Level 1: Manage parcel process 33

3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram 34

x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS

CD Context Diagram

DFD Data Flow Diagram

ERD Entity Relationship Diagram

FYP Final Year Project

PK Primary Key

FK Foreign Key

SDLC System Development Life Cycle

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Information Technology has been widely used nowadays.

Importance of IT within today’s society cannot be denied and IT has

become one of the needs in our community. With the growth of IT, manual

of storage now can be replaced with computerized system.

For this project, the current system was used manual system, the

manual system is replaced with computer systems. The name of the system

is Android Based Real Time Parcel Management and Tracking System

with Integrated GPS. This system can help staff of the Residential College

to handle and manage the student’s parcel while for student they can easily

know whether they have parcel or not without entering Residential College

office.

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1.2 Problems Statement

As mentioned previously, the whole mailing or parcel process is

managed manually by staffs. This caused a problem and time-consuming

in manipulating the data. They need to manually recheck the received of

mail or parcel then students have to regularly check whether they have any

mail or parcel at their Residential College or check it through Facebook

page of Residential College [2].

Besides that, this currently process creates a problem of missing or

misplaced [3]. In addition, there is no notification system to notify students

of their mail or parcel [4]. Hence, it is more effective and efficient to have

a mail and parcel management and tracking system that records mail or

parcel as well as a notifications mechanism to alert students of their mail

or parcel.

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1.3 Objectives

The main objective of this project is to design and develop a

system that helps the staffs to manage the parcel and stimulate the

usefulness of Android Based Real Time Parcel Management and Tracking

System with Integrated GPS on student. The detailed objectives of the

project are as follows:

i. To design a system that manages and notifying users about

their parcel through the WhatsApp.

ii. To develop a parcel management system for Residential

College especially for Besut Campus.

iii. To test how the system work based on the user requirement.

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1.4 Scope

The cover of the system covers three types of users that will interact

directly with this system are student, staff and administrator. The scopes

for each type of the users are as follows:

• Student

o Sing Up

o Log In

o Update Profile

o Get Notification

o Trace and Track Parcel

o Send Inbox to Staff

o Log Out

• Staff

o Sign Up

o Log In

o Update Profile

o Manage Parcel Information

o Trace and Track

o Check Inbox from Student

o Log Out

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• Admin

o Sign Up

o Log In

o Update Profile

o Report about Parcel

o Log Out

The scope for this project is:

i. The system focuses on parcel management and tracking

system at Residential College.

ii. The target users of this system are the staff and student of

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus.

iii. The system records the details of the parcel which are

tracking number, post name, post item etc.

iv. The system also updates the status of the parcel whether

already taken or not.

v. The system sends notification using WhatsApp to the

student.

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1.5 Limitation of Work

In this system, if there is no source of electrical or blackout the

notification will not send to the user and this system also not verify

notification using email or SMS.

1.6 Expected result/Contribution:

Based on the objectives of the development for this project, this

system will propose a systematic mail and parcel management and system

and only notify a student if their parcel reaches the Residential College

through the WhatsApp and make a report for a list of the parcel that

received and has been taken from Residential College. This system also

implements how the system work based on the user requirement.

1.7 Research Structure

The report is organized in 3 Chapters. Background study and

rationale problem statement with objectives is presented in Chapter 1. A

review of the related research work is presented in Chapter 2; research

methodology with system model is described in Chapter 3.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

In this chapter discusses the literature review, research about the system

that has similar in functionality with the parcel management and tracking

system. In section 2.1 we describe the introduction of the Android Based

Real Time Parcel Management and Tracking System with Integrated GPS.

In section 2.2 we describe the current implementation of parcel (existing

system), section 2.3 describe research comparison (articles), section 2.4

describes the criteria for final year project and section 2.5 will describe

about the software development life cycle used in this project.

2.1 Introduction

Android Based Real Time Parcel Management and Tracking

System with Integrated GPS becomes an important when staff are difficult

to handle and manage parcel. This system is based on simply GPS is a

device that is capable of receiving information from GPS satellites and

then to calculate the device's geographical position. Using suitable

software, the device may display the position on a map, and it may offer

directions.

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2.2 Criteria from Previous Study (Existing System)

2.2.1 Pos Malaysia

Pos Malaysia is a provider of parcel and mail services in Malaysia.

Other than websites, this company provides SMS functions. This is to

ensure their customer convenience because they can check their parcel at

anytime and anywhere. This SMS is allowing customer to track their

parcel from the point of pick up until the parcel is successfully delivered.

Pos Malaysia customer can track and check their parcel via SMS,

but it is available only for domestic delivery. Customer needs to send SMS

to track their parcel and the SMS is charged RM 0.50 for each SMS. This

function is available for Celcom, Maxis and DiGi subscribers only.

Customer need to type their tracking number and send it to 33333. Then,

they will get reply about their parcel.

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2.2.2 Singapore Post

Singapore Post is a company that provide parcel and courier

service. This company has its own web site. This web site is same as other

courier company which is provides tracking an item function in their web

site. Customer can check their item current’s location if they enter item’s

tracking number.

The strength of Singapore Post is they provide SMS Mail service

which is a service to notify and alert recipient. One the item has been

delivered to the post or letter box, a SMS is sent to alert recipient via their

mobile phone. This service is very useful and efficient in notifying and

alerting the recipients that the items they are waiting and expecting have

been delivered. Singapore Post also provides Pick Own Parcel Station

(POPStation) service. POPStation is a new way to pick up and collect

parcels at any time where customer can choose to pick up their parcel from

POPStation if the customer not at home to receive their parcels.

Unfortunately, the weakness of Singapore Post is customer cannot visit an

access the Singapore Post website through mobile because there is no

mobile based provided.

Based on strength and weakness of Singapore Post, it is convenient

to their customers if they provide mobile application, so their customers

can access their website or system at anytime and anywhere.

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2.2.3 Canada Post

Canada Post is a company which is offer and provides parcel

delivery based at Canada. Its same with other company, Canada Post also

has tracking parcel function. Customer can check their parcel’s location

through this function.

This website also available on mobile website, so customer can

visit and access this website through mobile phone at anytime and

anywhere. Customer can go directly canadapost.ca on their mobile. Mobile

application of Canada Post also available and customer can download it

then install in their mobile device. Both mobile website and mobile

application has same function which are can track parcel, find a postal

code or find a post office near customer’s location. But with mobile

application, customer can check their parcel’s delivery status with type

tracking number or can use their camera to can the barcode from delivery

slip or delivery notice card. This barcode function is only compatible for

iPhone 3GS and above only. These services which are Canada Post

provide are very convenient for their customer. Regrettably, the weakness

of Canada Post is they did not have service like SMS which can notify

customer if their parcel has delivered.

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Based on the strength and weakness of Canada Post, if they provide

SMS or something that can alert customer, their system is more convenient

to use.

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2.2.4 DPD Ireland

DPD Ireland is a parcel delivery company in Ireland. This web-

based system provides tracking a parcel and other functions. To locate the

parcel, customers need to enter their parcel’s tracking number and then the

current’s location of the parcel is appeared. This system is same as other

courier companies.

The strength of DPD Ireland is it can be access whenever at

customer convenience because its available in mobile. Customer can find

DPD Ireland at m.dpd.ie link through their mobile. Customer can easily

access tracking details and other delivery information through their

mobile. This mobile based provides similar function as the web-based

system. Other than that, DPD Ireland also provides Real-Time Proof of

Delivery (PODs). It is available on website within seconds of delivery.

The weakness of DPD Ireland is SMS service is not provided to notify and

alert customer if their parcel is delivered.

Based on the strength and weakness of DPD Ireland, it is more

convenient to their customers if they provide SMS to alert and notify

customers.

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2.2.5 Australia Post (Mobile Application)

Australia Post mobile application is a mobile version for the

Australia Post website. Their customers can access some of their popular

services at anytime and anywhere. This mobile application is available for

Android platform, iPhone platform and Windows Phone 7 platform.

The strength of this mobile application is, it provides scan for

tracked item and it can save it in history. It is also scan bills barcodes for

quick, easy payment and the details of payment can be saved. Postage

calculator also available in this mobile application is the barcode scanning

only available on compatible devices it currently not available for tablet

devices.

Based on strength and weakness if this mobile application is

available for all platform and all devices, it is convenient for their

customers.

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2.2.6 United State Postal Service

United States Postal Services (USPS) mobile application is an

application which is offer their customers to access the most popular tools

they had through mobile device. This is easy and convenient for their

customers and they can enjoy and feel like having a post office in their

hand.

The strength of this mobile application is it allows customer to find

locations of their parcel and get their deliveries information with Track

and Confirms service. Customer also can calculate shipping prices. They

also can make schedule to pick up their parcel. It also allows customer to

look up a zip code and find USPS locations nearby. The weakness of this

mobile application is not all tools or services of USPS are available on

every phone.

Based on strength dan weakness of this mobile application, it is

convenient to their customers if all tools or services can be available for all

mobile application platform.

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Table 2.2: Comparison of existing system

Features/Previous Work Singapore Post Canada Post DPD Ireland

Website Yes Yes Yes

Mobile Website No Yes Yes

Mobile Application No Yes No

SMS Yes No No

Tracking Number Yes Yes Yes

Others POPStation Barcode PODs

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2.3 Research Comparison (Articles)

No. Author/Title/Year Overview/Method Strength

1. Poonam Patel et. al

-Arduino Based

Child Tracking

System Using GPS

and GSM

(2018)

-The lost child using

Google Map along with

the position and location

of that child through

GPS

-Global Positioning

System

-Can simply track

him/her by sending a

message

name “TRACK” to the

particular operating

device.

2. Jennifer N et. al

-On the

Development of

Real-Time Parcel

Tracking and

Monitoring System

(2018)

-Movement of the parcel

from one geographical

location in Nigeria to

another geographical

location within the same

country

-Object-Oriented

technique (OOT)

-Enable both the

receiver and sender of

various packages

to track and monitor

their packages with

ease from the comfort

of their homes, offices,

and

market using a web-

enabled device.

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Table 2.3: Research comparison

3. R.Ramani et. al

-Vehicle Tracking

and Locking System

Based on

GSM and GPS

(2013)

-Vehicle tracking and

locking system installed

in the vehicle, to track

the place and locking

engine motor

-Global Positioning

system (GPS) and

Global system mobile

communication (GSM)

-Watch a moving

Vehicle and report the

status on demand.

4. Saniah et.al

-Automatic Vehicle

Location System

(2015)

-Monitor any remote

vehicle and to track with

the device that receives

and send signals

-Global Positioning

System

-Provide the real

geographic location of

the vehicle

-Use for military

-Send information

through Radio System

5. Saniah et.al

-Assisted Global

Positioning System

(2015)

-Used to improve the

performance of GPS

receivers and provides

information about

satellite constellation

directly to GPS

receivers.

-Can provide futher

services like atomic

time.

-send information

through Short Message

Service (SMS)

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2.4 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC – Waterfall model)

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used by the

software industry to design and test high quality software. There are

various SDLC models defined and designed which are followed during the

software development process which also defined as process model. In this

final year project, waterfall model was been selected as process model to

show the steps to ensure success in the process of software development.

Waterfall model is very simple and easy to understand. Every

phase in the waterfall model must be completed before move on to the

next phase, there is no overlapping process in the phase. The output of one

phase normally is the input of next phases sequentially. Further

explanations about waterfall model used in this project will be in Chapter

3.

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Figure 2.4: Software Development Life Cycle

2.5 Chapter Summary

Based on the discussed technology, various different method that can be

used to tracking system and also can used the tracking system for another

function. Hence, this project will be developed by using GPS uses mobile based

and WhatsApp to send notification information.

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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains about waterfall model shown in figure 3.1 which include the

steps in integrated GPS implemented in this project. Besides, the design of context

diagram and data flow diagram to understand the system flow and entity

relationship diagram and data dictionary to understand the database design are

discussed.

3.1 Waterfall Model

User Requirement

System Design

Implementation

Testing

Deployment

Maintenance

Figure 3.1: Waterfall Model

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3.1.1 Requirement Analysis

In this phase, the detailed of introduction has been decided in

which project title, problem statement, objectives and scope of project.

The survey of daily expenses among the students and staffs generally were

conducted for better understanding of the proposed system to be developed

rather than the current or existing system. The requirements are discovered

in order to build the better system to the user.

a) Software Requirement

To develop this project, it can be many choices to choose the

best software, this is because the selection of software depends on

requirement needed in this project. The software to develop this project

is shown as below.

-Hypertext Processor (PHP)

-Apache as Server (XAMPP)

-Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

-Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

-Structure Query Language (SQL)

-Google Maps

-Cordova

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b) Hardware Requirement

Hardware is important in ensuring the research of this project is

success. Each hardware has its own function in order to do this

research. The hardware to develop this project is shown as below.

- Large hard disk and Random-Access Memory (RAM)

- High processing speed and large storage capacity

-Android

-Smartphone User

-Personal Computer

3.1.2 System Design Phases

This is the second stage or phases that is used so that the flow of

the project will be successful. After gathered all important information

related to the project, a framework is done to show the flow of the system

so that this system will more easily to be understood. In the phase, a design

of flowchart and framework will be explained to show the flow of the

system specifically.

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3.1.3 Implementation Phases

After all information has been gathered and the design has bee

created, starting develop the system using all the hardware and software

that listed before. Implement phase is implemented process for android

GPS related to Smartphone to track the exact location of the motorcycle.

To develop the system, there are programming tools are used such as

Android Studio, Notepad++, PHP programming etc. XAMPP server is

used for localhost server and web-based programming to create a graphical

user interface. If there any error or changes, it will be solved at this phase.

3.1.4 Testing Phases

In this phase, the system will be tested if the error will be occurred,

it will be solved at this phase and if there are any changes need to

implement, the project must back to design phase for revision of flow.

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3.1.5 Deployment Phases

The system has achieved the objective and passed the testing, the

system can be deployed and user can use the system. Once the system is in

steady state, it is reviewed that the system met all the objectives and goals.

3.1.6 Maintenance Phases

In this phase, will always update the system to make sure if there

are no issues come up after deployment phase

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3.2 Architecture and Modelling

Figure 3.2 shows the architecture for mail and parcel tracking

system. In order to perform the system successfully, the user must have

their smartphones (android) to attach on the parcel. The user has to log in

to the system to view and track the current location of the mail and parcel.

Figure 3.2: Architecture and Modelling

26

3.3 Context Diagram (CD)

A Context Diagram (CD) is a data flow diagram with only one massive

central process that subsumes everything inside the scope of the system. It shown

the system will receive and send data flows to external entities involved. Such as

system, organization groups and external data stores.

Figure 3.3: Context Diagram

27

The context diagram for parcel management and tracking system is shown in the

figure above. The parcel management and tracking system process is at the center of the

diagram. The three entities (STUDENT, STAFF, ADMIN) are placed around the central

process. Twenty-four data flows are involved in the interaction between the central

process and the entities. The STUDENT entity has four incomings data flows, LOGIN

AUTHENTICATION, VIEW AND UPDATE PROFILE, GET NOTIFICATION and

PARCEL LIVE LOCATION and has eight outgoing data flows, SIGNUP DETAILS,

LOGIN DETAILS, VIEW AND UPDATE PROFILE, CHECK TRACKING NUMBER,

CHECK LIVE LOCATION (GPS), SEND MESSAGE TO STAFF (INBOX), SCAN

MATRIC CARD AND PARCEL TRACKING DETAILS. The STAFF entity has three

incomings data flow, LOGIN AUTHENTICATION, VIEW AND UPDATE PROFILE,

VIEW AND REPLY (INBOX) and REPORT DETAILS and four outgoing data flow,

SIGNUP DETAILS, LOGIN DETAILS, VIEW AND UPDATE PROFILE and

MANAGE PARCEL INFORMATION. The ADMIN entity has two incomings data flow,

SIGNUP AUTHENTICATION, LOGIN AUTHENTICATION and REPORT and three

outgoing data flow, SIGNUP DETAILS, LOGIN DETAILS and VIEW AND UPDATE

STAFF.

28

3.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

Data flow diagram (DFD) provides a visual representation of the flow of

information within a system. By drawing a data flow diagram, you can tell the

information provided by and delivered to someone who takes part in the system

process, the information needed in order to complete the processes and the

information needed to be stored and accessed.

29

3.4.1 DFD Level 0

Figure 3.4: Data Flow Diagram

30

The DFD has three entities which are STUDENT, STAFF and ADMIN.

REGISTER DETAILS, LOGIN DETAILS, MANAGE PARCEL, NOTIFICATION,

TRACK LOCATION, MESSAGE and GENERATE REPORT are seven processes

involve in the system. There are six data stores created in the system which is STAFF,

STUDENT, ADMIN, PARCEL, GPS and INBOX.

1. STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN enter STAFF SIGN UP, STUDENT SIGN UP

and ADMIN SIGN UP into STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN data stores.

2. STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN enter STAFF LOGIN, STUDENT LOGIN and

ADMIN LOGIN to LOGIN process which outputs STAFF INFO, STUDENT

INFO and ADMIN INFO into STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN data stores.

3. STAFF and STUDENT enter MANAGE PARCEL process then sends MANAGE

PARCEL DETAILS and MATRIC SCAN (PICK UP) into PARCEL data store.

4. When STAFF enter MANAGE PARCEL DETAILS into PARCEL data store and

STUDENT will get notification.

5. STUDENT enter TRACK LOCATION of the parcel if STUDENT used a special

service provided and store it into GPS data store.

6. STAFF and STUDENT enter MESSAGE process and stores it into the INBOX

data store.

7. ADMIN and STAFF can view REPORT DETAILS and REPORT through

GENERATE REPORT process form a data store.

31

3.4.2 DFD Level 1

Figure 3.5: Register details process

1. STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN inputs STAFF DATA, STUDENT DATA and

ADMIN DATA to ADD NEW USER process and send STAFF INFO, STUDENT

INFO and ADMIN INFO into STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN data store.

2. STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN input STAFF DATA, STUDENT DATA and

ADMIN DATA to UPDATE USER process and send STAFF INFO, STUDENT

INFO and ADMIN INFO into STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN data store.

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Figure 3.6: Login details process

1. STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN inputs STAFF DATA, STUDENT DATA and

ADMIN DATA to RETRIEVE USER INFO process and send STAFF INFO,

STUDENT INFO and ADMIN INFO into STAFF, STUDENT and ADMIN data

store.

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Figure 3.7: Manage parcel process

1. STAFF input PARCEL DETAILS to ADD PARCEL process and send PARCEL

STATUS to UPDATE PARCEL process into PARCEL data store.

2. STUDENT can VIEW PARCEL from PARCEL data store.

34

3.5 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Entity Relationship Diagram in software engineering is an abstract to

describe a database. It is typically used in computing in regard to the organization

of data within database or information system. An entity is a piece of data an

object or concept about which data is stored. A relationship is how the data is

shared between entities.

Figure 3.8: Entity Relationship Diagram

35

An entity relationship diagram (ERD), is an illustration system that representation

of entities and their relationship to each other. ERD composed of three things such as

identifying and defining the entities, determine entities interaction and the cardinality of

the relationship.

• Interaction of Staff and Admin

o One-to-one relationship

o A staff only can have one account user

o In staff: staff_id (PK)

o In admin: admin_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

matric (FK)

• Interaction of Staff and Student




o In student: matric (PK), parcel_id (FK), inbox_id (FK),

gps_id (FK), staff_id (FK)

• Interaction of Staff and Parcel

o One-to-many relationship



o In parcel: parcel_id (PK), gps_id (FK), admin_id (FK),

matric (FK), staff_id (FK), inbox_id (FK)

36

• Interaction of Staff and GPS




o In gps: gps_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK), matric

(FK)

• Interaction of Staff and Inbox




o In inbox: inbox_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

matric (FK)

37

• Interaction of Admin and Staff


o An admin only can have one account user

o In admin: admin_id (PK)

o In staff: staff_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK), matric

(FK), gps_id (FK), inbox_id (FK)

• Interaction of Admin and Student




o In student: matric (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

gps_id (FK), inbox_id (FK)

• Interaction of Admin and Parcel




o In parcel: parcel_id (PK), inbox_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

matric (FK), gpd_id (FK)

38

• Interaction of Student and Admin


o Student only can have one account user

o In student: matric (PK)

o In admin: admin_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

matric (FK)

• Interaction of Student and Staff




o In staff: staff_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), gps_id (FK),

inbox_id (FK), matric (FK)

• Interaction of Student and Parcel




o In parcel: parcel_id (PK), staff_id (FK), matric (FK),

gps_id (FK), inbox_id (FK)

39

• Interaction of Student and GPS




o In gps: gps_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK), matric

(FK)

• Interaction of Student and Inbox




o In inbox: inbox_id (PK), parcel_id (FK), staff_id (FK),

matric (FK)

40

3.6 Data Dictionary

In this section, the basic structure of the tables composing the database for

the project is shown along with information about primary and foreign keys.

Column Type Null Key Description

admin_id varchar (50) No PK Admin unique identification to

authorize admin

admin_name varchar (50) No Admin name

admin_hp varchar (50) No Admin phone number

address varchar (50) No Admin address

email varchar (50) No Admin unique email as a username

for admin to identify user

password varchar (50) No Admin unique password for admin

to identify user

staff_id varchar (50) No FK Staff unique identification as

composite key

parcel_id varchar (50) No FK Parcel unique identification as

composite key

matric varchar (50) No FK Student unique identification as

composite key

Table 3.6: Admin

41


staff_id varchar (50) No PK Staff unique identification to

authorize staff

staff_name varchar (50) No Staff name

staff_hp varchar (50) No Staff phone number

address varchar (50) No Staff address

email varchar (50) No Staff unique email as a username

for staff to identify user

password varchar (50) No Staff unique password for staff to

identify user

admin_id varchar (50) No FK Admin unique identification as

composite key


composite key


composite key

Table 3.7: Staff

42


matric varchar (50) No PK Student unique identification to

authorize student

student_name varchar (50) No Student name

student_hp varchar (50) No Student phone number

course varchar (50) No Student course

email varchar (50) No Student unique email as a

username for student to identify

user

password varchar (50) No Student unique password for

student to identify user


composite key


composite key

admin_id varchar (50) No FK Admin unique identification as

composite key

Table 3.8: Student

43


parcel_id varchar (50) No PK Parcel unique identification

number

tracking_numb varchar (50) No Tracking number of each parcel

date varchar (50) No Date of parcel arrived

student_hp varchar (50) No Student phone number for send

notification


composite key

inbox_id varchar (50) No FK Inbox unique identification as

composite key


composite key

Table 3.9: Parcel

44


inbox_id varchar (50) No PK Inbox unique identification

number

notes varchar (100) No Messages send and receive

time varchar (50) No Time of send and receive

messages


composite key


composite key


composite key

Table 3.10: Inbox

45


gps_id varchar (50) No PK Gps unique identification

number

date varchar (100) No Date of track location


composite key


composite key


composite key

Table 3.11: GPS

46

3.7 Chapter Summary

In this chapter, the methodology of this project is explained. The Waterfall

Model from System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is used because every phase

during the system development follow the project methodology that is mentioned

in this chapter. The flow of this project is being shown in framework. The

requirement of software and hardware that being used are listed to ensure the

development of this project.

Besides, this chapter also discuss on the Context Diagram, Data Flow

Diagram and Entity Relationship Diagram of the system which are essential as a

guideline for the system development.

47

REFERENCES

[1] Patel, P., Rauniyar, S. K., Singh, T., Dwivedi, B., & Tripathi, H. (2018). Arduino

Based Child Tracking System Using GPS and GSM.

[2] Amannah, C. I. (2018). ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF REAL TIME PARCEL

TRACKING AND MONITORING SYSTEM. Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS,

9(2), 60-83.

[3] Ramani, R., Valarmathy, S., SuthanthiraVanitha, N., Selvaraju, S., Thiruppathi,

M., & Thangam, R. (2013). Vehicle tracking and locking system based on GSM and

GPS. IJ Intelligent Systems and Applications, 9, 86-93.

[4] Ahmed, S., Rahman, S., & Costa, S. E. (2015). Real-time vehicle tracking system

(Doctoral dissertation, BRAC University).

48

ACTIVITIES SEPT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAC APR MAY

Topic Discussion and

Determination

Topic Project Proposal

Proposal Writing-

Introduction

Proposal Writing-

Literature Review

Proposal Slide

Presentation

Proposal Progress

Presentation

Discussion and Correction

of the Proposal

Proposed Solution-

Methodology

Proposed Solution-

Methodology

Prototype

Drafting Report of the

Proposal

Submit draft of report to

supervisor

Seminar Registration-

Project Poster

Seminar Registration-

Project Slide

Seminar Presentation

and Evaluation I

Final Report Submission

and Evaluation I

Develop System

Developing System

Progress Presentation

Discussion and Correction

of the development

Seminar Presentation and

Evaluation II

Final Report Submission

and Evaluation II

android based real time parcel …...iii dedication in the name of allah swt, most gracious, most...

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