anderson, j. e., goetz, c. m., mclaughlin, j. l., and m. a ...eprints.unwahas.ac.id/756/6/daftar...

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43

LAMPIRAN

43

Lampiran 1. Surat Keterangan Hasil Determinasi Tanaman Salak

44

Lampiran 1. Lanjutan

45


46

Lampiran 2. Surat Keterangan Telah Melakukan Pemekatan Ekstrakdengan Rotary Evaporator di Laboratorium Fitokimia FakultasFarmasi Universitas Wahid Hasym Semarang

47

Lampiran 3. Surat Keterangan Telah Selesai Melakukan Penelitian diLaboratorium Farmakologi dan Toksikologi Fakultas FarmasiUniversitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

48

Lampiran 4. Data Penimbangan Bahan

1. CMC-Na 0,5%

Berat kertas saring + CMC-Na = 0,845 mg

Berat kertas saring = 0,335 mg

Berat CMC-Na = 500mg/100mL

2. Ekstrak Etanol Buah Salak

Berat cawan porselen + ekstrak kental buah salak =32,888 gram

Berat cawan porselen =32,706 gram

Berat ekstrak kental buah salak = 0,182gram




Berat ekstrak kental buah salak = 0,364 gram




Berat ekstrak kental buah salak = 0,728 gram

49

Lampiran 5. Perhitungan Dosis Larutan Uji dan Volume Pemberian

a. Larutan kontrol negatif tanpa perlakuan (larutan NaCl 0,9%)

Dosis (mg) untuk mencit seberat 20g = mLmLxg

g5,025

1000

20

Jadi volume penyuntikan larutan NaCl sebanyak 0,5mL dan diberikan

secara peroral pada mencit seberat 20g.

1. Mencit I

mLmLxg

g517,025

1000

7,20

2. Mencit II

mLmLxg

g502,025

1000

1,20

3. Mencit III

mLmLxg

g562,025

1000

5,22

4. Mencit IV

mLmLxg

g562,025

1000

5,22

5. Mencit V

mLmLxg

g625,025

1000

0,25

50

Lampiran 5. Lanjutan.

b.Kelompok kontrol negatif dengan perlakuan

Kelompok kontrol negatif dengan perlakuan diberikan castor oil dengan

volume penyuntikan sebanyak 1,0 mL peroral.

c. Suspensi ekstrak etanol dosis 182, 364, dan 728 mg/kgBB

Ekstrak etanol buah salak disuspensikan dalam larutan CMC-Na 0,5%.

Larutan CMC-Na 0,5% dibuat dengan cara menimbang 500 mg CMC-Na lalu

dilarutkan dalam aquadest ad 100 ml.

Suspensi ekstrak etanol buah salak dosis 182 mg/kgBB.

Diasumsikan berat mencit 20 g.

1000g

20gmLmgmLmgkgBBmgx /28,75,0/64,3/182

7,28 mg/mL × 25 mL = 182 mg

Perhitungan volume penyuntikan:

1. Mencit I

mgmgxg

g186,4182

1000

0,23

Vp= mLmLmg

mg575,0

/28,7

186,4

2. Mencit II

mgmgxg

g785,3182

1000

8,20

51


Vp= mLmLmg

mg519,0

/28,7

785,3

3. Mencit III

mgmgxg

g440,4182

1000

4,24

Vp= mLmLmg

mg609,0

/28,7

440,4

4. Mencit IV

mgmgxg

g513,4182

1000

8,224

Vp= mLmLmg

mg619,0

/28,7

513,4

5. Mencit V

mgmgxg

g949,3182

1000

7,21

Vp= mLmLmg

mg542,0

/28,7

949,3

Jadi volume penyuntikan untuk mencit I, II, III, IV, V adalah sebanyak

0,575; 0,519; 0,609; 0,619; 0,542 mL diberikan secara peroral.

52




1000g


14,56 mg/mL × 25 mL = 364 mg

Perhitungan volume penyuntikan

1. Mencit I

mgmgxg

g481,8364

1000

3,23

Vp= mLmLmg

mg582,0

/56,14

481,8

2. Mencit II

mgmgxg

g28,7364

1000

0,20

Vp= mLmLmg

mg5,0

/56,14

28,7

3. Mencit III

mgmgxg

g462,7364

1000

5,20

Vp= mLmLmg

mg512,0

/56,14

462,7

53


4. Mencit IV

mgmgxg

g881,8364

1000

4,24

Vp= mLmLmg

mg609,0

/56,14

881,8

5. Mencit V

mgmgxg

g28,7364

1000

0,20

Vp= mLmLmg

mg5,0

/56,14

28,7





1000g


29,12 mg/mL × 25 mL = 728 mg

54


Perhitungan volume penyuntikan

1. Mencit I

mgmgxg

g579,15728

1000

4,21

Vp= mLmLmg

mg534,0

/12,29

579,15

2. Mencit II

mgmgxg

g161,16728

1000

2,22

Vp= mLmLmg

mg554,0

/12,29

161,16

3. Mencit III

mgmgxg

g326,17728

1000

8,23

Vp= mLmLmg

mg594,0

/12,29

326,17

4. Mencit IV

mgmgxg

g399,17728

1000

9,23

Vp= mLmLmg

mg597,0

/12,29

399,17

55


5. Mencit V

mgmgxg

g215,15728

1000

9,20

Vp= mLmLmg

mg522,0

/12,29

215,15



d. Perhitungan Persentase Efek Antisekretori

1. Dosis 182mg

a. Mencit I

%05,41%10095,0

56,095,0

x

b. Mencit II

%89,37%10095,0

59,095,0

x

c. Mencit III

%84,36%10095,0

60,095,0

x

d. Mencit IV

%84,36%10095,0

60,095,0

x

56

e. Mencit V

%74,34%10095,0

62,095,0

x

2. Dosis 364 mg

a. Mencit I

%47,49%10095,0

48,095,0

x

b. Mencit II

%84,36%10095,0

60,095,0

x

c. Mencit III

%74,34%10095,0

62,095,0

x

d. Mencit IV

%74,34%10095,0

62,095,0

x

e. Mencit V

%63,32%10095,0

64,095,0

x

3. Dosis 728 mg

a. Mencit I

%10,42%10095,0

57,095,0

x

57


b. Mencit II

%58,31%10095,0

65,095,0

x

c. Mencit III

%53,30%10095,0

66,095,0

x

d. Mencit IV

%53,30%10095,0

66,095,0

x

e. Mencit V

%47,29%10095,0

67,095,0

x

58

Lampiran6. Data Volume Isi Usus

mencit Volume isi usus (mL)KNTP KNDP EEBS 1 EEBS 2 EEBS 3

1 0,10 0,90 0,56 0,48 0,572 0,14 0,91 0,59 0,60 0,65

3 0,15 0,92 0,60 0,62 0,66

4 0,15 1,00 0,60 0,62 0,66

5 0,21 1,03 0,62 0,64 0,67

rata-rata± SE 0,15±0,018 0,95±0,026 0,59±0,010 0,59±0,029 0,64±0,018

Keterangan :Kntp : NaCl 0,9% 25 mL/kgBBKndp : castor oil 1,0 mL.EEBS 1 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 182 mg/kgBB + castor oil 1,0 mL.EEBS 2 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 364 mg/kgBB + castor oil 1,0 mL.EEBS 3 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 728 mg/kgBB +castor oil 1,0 mL.

59

Lampiran 7. Data Persentase Efek Antisekretori

mencit %Efek antisekretoriEEBS 1 EEBS 2 EEBS 3

1 41,05 49,47 42,102 37,89 36,84 31,583 36,84 34,74 30,53

4 36,84 34,74 30,53

5 34,74 32,63 29,47rata-rata± SE 37,47 ± 1,030 37,64 ± 3,020 32,84 ± 2,338

Keterangan :EEBS 1 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 182 mg/kgBB + castor oil 1,0 mL.EEBS 2 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 364 mg/kgBB + castor oil 1,0 mL.EEBS 3 : ekstrak etanol buah salak pondoh dosis 728 mg/kgBB +castor oil 1,0 mL.

60

Lampiran 8. Hasil Uji Normalitas dan Homogenitas Data Volume Isi UsusSecara Statistik

Descriptives

volume usus

N Mean

Std.

Deviation Std. Error

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum MaximumLower Bound Upper Bound

kntp 5 .1500 .03937 .01761 .1011 .1989 .10 .21

kndp 5 .9520 .05891 .02634 .8789 1.0251 .90 1.03

dosis182 5 .5940 .02191 .00980 .5668 .6212 .56 .62

dosis364 5 .5920 .06419 .02871 .5123 .6717 .48 .64

dosis728 5 .6420 .04087 .01828 .5913 .6927 .57 .67

Total 25 .5860 .26470 .05294 .4767 .6953 .10 1.03

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

kntp .300 5 .161 .920 5 .530

kndp .307 5 .140 .842 5 .171

eedbs182 .228 5 .200* .932 5 .607

eedbs364 .350 5 .045 .750 5 .030

eedbs728 .378 5 .019 .710 5 .012

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Volume isi usus tidak terdistribusi normal pada dosis 364, 728 mg/kgBB.

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

volume usus

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.

1.504 4 20 .239

Volume isi usus memiliki varian yang homogen

61

Lampiran 8. LanjutanKruskal-Wallis Test

Ranks

kelompok N Mean Rank

volume usus kntp 5 3.00

kndp 5 23.00

dosis182 5 10.40

dosis364 5 12.20

dosis728 5 16.40

Total 25

Test Statisticsa,b

volume usus

Chi-Square 20.290

df 4

Asymp. Sig. .000

a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable: kelompok

Kelompok kontrol negatif dengan perlakuan menunjukan hasil yang berbedabermakna (p<0,05) dengankelompok yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol buahsalak pondohdan mempunyai nilai signifikasi 0,000 (p<0,05).Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kelompok perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak etanolbuah salak pondoh memiliki efek antisekretori.

Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

kelomp

ok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

volume usus kntp 5 3.00 15.00

kndp 5 8.00 40.00

Total 10

62


Test Statisticsb

volume usus

Mann-Whitney U .000

Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.619

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties.

b. Grouping Variable: kelompokHasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukan kelompok kontrol negatif tanpa perlakuanberbeda bermakna (p<0,05) dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dengan perlakuan.Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kelompok kontrol negatif dengan perlakuanmampu menginduksi sekresi cairan dan elektrolit ke dalam usus.

Ranks

kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

volume usus kndp 5 8.00 40.00

dosis182 5 3.00 15.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus

Mann-Whitney U .000

Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.619





63


Ranks



dosis364 5 3.00 15.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus

Mann-Whitney U .000

Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.619





Ranks



dosis728 5 3.00 15.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus

Mann-Whitney U .000

Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.619





64


Ranks


volume usus dosis182 5 4.60 23.00

dosis364 5 6.40 32.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus

Mann-Whitney U 8.000

Wilcoxon W 23.000

Z -.964





Ranks



dosis728 5 7.20 36.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus


Wilcoxon W 19.000

Z -1.786





65


Ranks



dosis728 5 7.20 36.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

volume usus


Wilcoxon W 19.000

Z -1.786





66

Lampiran 9. Hasil Tes Normalitas dan Homogenitas Data %efek antisekretoriSecara Statistik

Descriptives

efek

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum MaximumLower Bound Upper Bound

dosis182 5 37.4720 2.30432 1.03052 34.6108 40.3332 34.74 41.05

dosis364 5 37.6840 6.75462 3.02076 29.2970 46.0710 32.63 49.47

dosis728 5 32.8420 5.22887 2.33842 26.3495 39.3345 29.47 42.10

Total 15 35.9993 5.26431 1.35924 33.0841 38.9146 29.47 49.47

Tests of Normality

kelompok

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

efek dosis182 .228 5 .200* .931 5 .605

dosis364 .350 5 .045 .750 5 .030

dosis728 .395 5 .010 .684 5 .006

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

%Efek antisekretori tidak terdistribusi normal pada dosis 364, 728mg/kgBB.

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

efek

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.

1.257 2 12 .319

%efek antisekretori memiliki varian yang homogen

67

Lampiran 10. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney %efek

antisekretori

Kruskal-Wallis Test

Ranks

kelompok N Mean Rank

efek dosis182 5 10.40

dosis364 5 8.80

dosis728 5 4.80

Total 15

Test Statisticsa,b

efek

Chi-Square 4.228

df 2

Asymp. Sig. .121

a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable:

kelompok

Mann-Whitney TestRanks


efek dosis182 5 6.40 32.00

dosis364 5 4.60 23.00

Total 10

68


Test Statisticsb

Efek


Wilcoxon W 23.000

Z -.964





Ranks


efek dosis364 5 7.20 36.00

dosis728 5 3.80 19.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

Efek


Wilcoxon W 19.000

Z -1.786





69


Ranks


efek dosis182 5 7.00 35.00

dosis728 5 4.00 20.00

Total 10

Test Statisticsb

Efek


Wilcoxon W 20.000

Z -1.576





70

Lampiran 11. Dokumentasi Penelitian

a. Timbangan Listrik (HENHERR)

b.Proses pembuatan serbuk buah salak pondoh dengan blender

71


c. Pengecekan kadar air dengan moisture balance

d. Maserat hasil maserasi simplisia buah salak pondoh

72


e. Proses evaporasi dengan menggunakan alat rotary evaporator

f. Ekstrak etanol buah salak

73


g. Castor oil

h. Pemberian sediaan uji secara peroral

74


i. Pembedahan hewan uji

j. Volume isi usus

anderson, j. e., goetz, c. m., mclaughlin, j. l., and m. a ...eprints.unwahas.ac.id/756/6/daftar...

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