Ancient Greece = City-Ancient Greece = City-StatesStates

Warm-UpWarm-Up1. Write your name on your

mythology product and have it on your desk.

2. Pop-Quiz = How did mythology influence the ancient Greeks?◦Complete this on the little piece of

white paper.◦No, you may not open your notebook

or use your notes.

The Rise of City-StatesThe Rise of City-States

Athens - Government Sparta - Government

DemocracyCouncil of 500 chosen

by lotteryAssembly of 6,ooo

citizens, debated, made decisions, approved laws

Oligarchy – ruled by a small group of people.

2 kingsCouncil of elders

chosen by vote.Assembly of men over

30, did not debate, and could have decisions over-ruled.

Athens - Economy Sparta - Economy

Based on trade◦ Traded with neighboring

city-states and countries around the Mediterranean Sea.

Traded oil, honey, silver, pottery.

Made its own coins

Based on farming (slaves called Helots took care of the land) and conquest (war).

Discouraged trade.Heavy iron bars were

first used as money.

Athens - Education Sparta - Education

To make good citizens.

Varied academic courses – math, reading, science, philosphy, writing, history, athletics.

2-year military service.

Boys only.

To make good warriors. Courses emphasized

physical development.◦ Basic Reading and Writing.

Military service until age 60.

Boys and Girls educated.◦ Girls were expected to

defend Sparta when the men were away.

◦ Girls were expected to produces strong babies.

Athens – Women and Slaves Sparta – Women and Slaves

Women could not own or inherit land.

Women’s influence primarily in home.

Slaves did various types of work – tutors, skilled laborers, farmed, mines, etc.

Slaves were treated according to their master.

Women managed husband’s land.

Women could own and control property.

Slaves (Helots) were treated harshly.

Once a year, helots were killed to “control” Spartan society.

Spartan WomenSpartan Women

An Athenian citizen heard about educating Spartan

women and said, “Teaching a woman to

read and write? What a terrible thing to do! Like feeding a vile snake on

more poison.”

War & Conquest – Fall of City-War & Conquest – Fall of City-StatesStatesThis is the last box of your notes.

In the 400’s BCE, the Persian Empire tried to conquer Greece. Led by Sparta and Athens, the Greeks resisted and defeated Persians, keeping Greek culture alive.

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian WarDecades later,

Athens and Sparta fought each other in the Peloponnesian War. Sparta, having the better army, became the dominant power in Greece. However, this war weakened the city-states.

Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great In 338 BCE, King

Phillip II of Macedonia used his well trained army to conquer Greece. His son, Alexander took control conquering the Persian Empire, and became known as Alexander the Great.

Alexander’s empire extended into North Africa, the Middle east, and Asia. As his empire expanded, Greek culture spread.

Alexander’s EmpireAlexander’s Empire

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion QuestionsExplain how geography

influenced ancient Greeks.◦Include the following points…

Economy Jobs Government City-States Downfall

The Peloponnesian War The Peloponnesian War GameGame• The class will be divided into two

teams. One team will represent Sparta and the other Athens. The two sides will fight against each other in the Peloponnesian War. The diagram will represent the battlefield. It includes a map of ancient Greece which has been divided into 16 sections – 1A, 1B, etc. Both Sparta and Athens will have their army and navy “hidden” in various squares. Both will occupy 8 spaces – a few spaces will contain both Spartans and Athenians.

Rules to the War GameRules to the War Game 1. The teacher asks a question about Sparta and

Athens. 2. The team will provide an answer within 7 seconds. If

they are correct, that team will choose a space on the map where they think the enemy is hiding.

3. If they do, then all will mark the space with the letter of the team who “killed” the enemy – A for Athens and S for Sparta. If you pick a space with your own forces or if there is no one there, you will be told, “there are no enemy soldiers here at this time”. You will then place a dot on the space. Teams have the chance to choose again to see if anyone is actually there.

4. If a wrong answer is given, the other team receives the turn.

5. The team that wins the Peloponnesian War Game is the one which completely destroys the other team’s army and navy.

Happy Hunting!!!

Independent ActivityIndependent Activity

Which city-state was the most influential in the ancient world and in the modern world?Provide a minimum of three supporting details.