Ancient Greek ScientistsScientific Progress - Revolution

Europe: past, present and future

I.E.S. Máximo Laguna. Santa Cruz Mudela [Spanish Team]

Ancient Greece: VIII b.c – II b.c. City-States: Athens, Spartha, Thebas, Corinth

Subjects:GeometryTechnology

Olympic Games

Music

Geometry:Tales of Mileto:Mileto624 b.C. – 546 b.C.

EuclidesTiro-Alexandria330 b.C. – 275 b.C.

Tales of MiletoTheoreme of Tales:

Useful to measure high buildings.

Similar triangles.He calculated the

high of the Pyramids of Guiza.

EuclidesGeometry of

Euclides:The space in three

dimensions.Our Technical

DrawingsGeometry and

maths

Technology:Archimedes:Siracusa287 b.C. – 212 b.C.

ArchimedesArchimedes’ principle

ArchimedesArchimedes’ screw

Device first used to pump water out of ships and was later used in irrigation.

This type of water pump is still used in many parts of the world today.

ArchimedesLaw of the lever

Magnitudes are in equilibrium at distances reciprocally proportional to their weights.

“Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the Earth.”

Music: Aristotle, character and music

Aristotle:Stagira (Macedonia)384 b.C. – 322 b.C.

AristotleEthos, musicotherapy and the music we listen.

These are the three parts of our work: For Arsitotle “ethos” was “the character or way of being derived

from the usual”. Therefore the greek society feels the urgent to create rules to regulate their behaviour and to allow the modelling of their character. So the music was used for these purpose.

The musicotherapy is the use of music in an organized structure of work with a therapeutic purpose. It is related to restoring the emotional part of people among other things. It appeared between 1900 and 1950 and it was created by Emile Dalcroze.

The music we listen activates deep neuronal mechanisms and modifies how we feel. Different music elements combine in a way that can achieve changes in several aspects of our state encouragement.

AristotleGreek music: Moods.

Aristotle was the first one who theorize about how can music influence our behaviour.

The music element that changes our character in a more powerfull way is harmony so greek musical theory used moods and their scales to modified how we behaved. Such as:

Lydian mood (from C’ to C) induces voluptous sensations and banishes worries.

Hypofrigian mood (from G’ to G) is the mood related to action. Doric mood (from E’ to E) induces balance, harmony, self-esteem

or respect of the law. Hypodoric mood (from A’ to A) expressed nobility and vigor.

AristotleMusicotherapy.

According to musicotherapy, the effects of musical elements on humans are, among other ones: Rythm: The slow rythms raises clam and sadness and the

fast ones arouse joy and activity. Harmony: The consonants chords are associated with

balance and the discordant ones are associated with anxiety.

Tone: The major modes are cheerfull and the minor ones evoke melancholy and intimacy.

Instrumentation: The wind instruments are known for their cheerfull and lively power, while the percussion instruments incites action and movement.

AristotleThe music we listen and how we behave.Although the idea that musical tastes define personality may

seem simple, it is true that our music behaviour is a projection of our personality. Listening and producing music we show ourselves as we are or as we feel. Everyone of us consume the right music for our needings.

For example: Reflexive and complex music (jazz, blues, classical) please quiet, smart or

tolerant people. Rebel and intense music (indie, rock, heavy metal) please people that feel

curiosity in knowing new things and that assume risks. Energetic and rythmic music (rap, funk) is the favorite of the confident and the

ones who avoid conservative ideas.

Music: Aristotle, character and music

Aristotle:Stagira (Macedonia)384 b.C. – 322 b.C.

AristotleEthos, musicotherapy and the music we listen.

These are the three parts of our work: For Arsitotle “ethos” was “the character or way of being derived

from the usual”. Therefore the greek society feels the urgent to create rules to regulate their behaviour and to allow the modelling of their character. So the music was used for these purpose.

The musicotherapy is the use of music in an organized structure of work with a therapeutic purpose. It is related to restoring the emotional part of people among other things. It appeared between 1900 and 1950 and it was created by Emile Dalcroze.

The music we listen activates deep neuronal mechanisms and modifies how we feel. Different music elements combine in a way that can achieve changes in several aspects of our state encouragement.

OLYMPIC GAMES OF ANCIENT GREECE

786 b. c. till 393 a. d.

In ancient Greece physical exercise was an essencial part of the complete education.

The Olimpyc Games were the show of an educational system.

OLYMPIC GAMES OF ANCIENT GREECE

OLYMPIA, CRADLE OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES

The Olympic Games as we know them today have a long history which goes back to ancient times.

Everything started in the Peloponnese, in Greece many years ago.

The ancient Olympic Games were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of various city-states of ancient Greece. They were held in honor of Zeus.

  They began in 776 a. C. in Olympia (Greece), and held until 393 d. C.

OLYMPIA, CRADLE OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES

Games took place every four years.

During the celebration of the Games an Olympic truce or peace was proclaimed, to allow athletes to travel safely from their countries to Olympia.

The duration of the Games were five days.

OLYMPIA, CRADLE OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES

OLIMPYC SPORTS1. JUMP2. JAVALIN HURLING3. DISC HURLING4. FOOT RACES ( a stadium=

192,27 m; diaulo= two stadiums; dolichos=24 estadiums)

5. FIGHTING (wrestling, pugilato, pancracio).

6. HORSE RACING Chariot racing and horse riding.

7. PENTATLON.

PARTICIPATION AT THE OLYMPIC GAMES Competitors had to be

male, of Greek origin and a free man. Women, slaves and foreigners were excluded.

They had to be 20 to participate.

First they wore a kind of tunic; afterwards their naked body was their only garment.

Every city chose their representatives, who spent six months training at Elis, a city near Olimpia. There they chose the athletes who competed at the games.

The winner of an Olympic event was awarded an olive leaf crown and often was received with great honour throughout Greece, especially in his home town.

PARTICIPATION AT THE OLYMPIC GAMES

MODERN OLIMPYC GAMES The modern Olympic Games is the

leading international sporting event in which thousands of athletes participate in a variety of competitions. They are considered to be the world's foremost sports competition.

The Olympic Games are held every four years.

Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games.

MODERN OLIMPYC GAMES

They were founded by Baron Pierre de Coubertin.

The First Modern Olympics Games were held in 1896 in Athens, Greece.

MODERN OLIMPYC GAMES

  The five Olympic rings represent the unity of the five continents and remember the olimpyc peace.The colors were chosen because every nation had at least one of them on its national flag. 

The Olympic Symbols

The Olympic Flame symbolizes the Olympic spirit of antiquity and is a warning to all athletes in the world that the Games are about to begin.

The Olympic Symbols

Its motto '' Citius Altius, Fortius'' means'' faster, higher, stronger.'‘

The Olympic Symbols

Olimpyc ideals are expressed in the olimpyc creed:

'' The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part, just as the most important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle”.

The Olympic Symbols

Thank you for your attention