anatomy questions

CLINICAL ANATOMY for MEDICAL STUDENTS By SNELL 6th edition

ANATOMY QUESTIONS

Choose the best answer:

P 201 1. The superior boundary of the epiploic foramen:A. free border of the lesser omentum containing the portal triadB. inferior vena cavaC. caudate process of the caudate lobe of the liverD. first portion of the duodenum

P 260 2. Less likely to produce ascites:A. hepatic cirrhosis C. gastritisB. cancer of the ovary D. congestive hear failure

P 265 3. Important factor in the production of an ulcer in the anterolateral wall of the first part of the duodenum:A. acid chime squired as the stomach emptiesB. high level of pepsinC. bile secretion after food intakeD. digestive enzymes excreted out by the pancreas

P 266 4. Which of the following does not contribute to why the appendix is prone to infection:A. it has a large amount of lymphoid tissue in its wallB. the lumen has a tendency to become obstructed by hardened intestinal contentsC. it is supplied by a long small artery that does not anastomose with any other arteryD. it is a long narrow blind-ended tube which encourages stasis of large bowel contents

P 266 5. Occurring at points where the circular muscle is weakest. Where the blood vessels pierce the muscles, herniation of the lining mucosa through the circular muscle between taenia coli occurs:A. volvulus B. intussusception C. diverticulosis D. achalasia

P 274 6. Which is not true regarding aneurysm of the abdominal aorta:A. usually occur below the origin of the renal arteriesB. majority result from atherosclerosis which weakens the wallC. occur most commonly in elderly womenD. large aneurysms should be surgically excised and replaced with a graft

P 274 7. Common cause of colic, EXCEPT:A. compression of the inferior vena cavaB. intestinal obstructionC. passage of gallstone in the biliary ductD. passage of the stone in the ureter

P 264 8. Total gastrectomy for gastric cancer does not include the removal of:A. lower end of esophagus C. head of the pancreasB. first part of duodenum D. spleen

P 149 9. Herniorrhaphy of an indirect inguinal hernia constitute the repair of the floor of the inguinal canal, the floor is formed by:A. internal oblique C. lateral umbilical ligamentB. inguinal ligament D. external oblique

P 834 10. While doing a spinal tap, the spinal needle is inserted in between the:A. L1 and L2 vertebrae C. L3 and L4 vertebraeB. L2 and L3 vertebrae D. L4 and L5 vertebrae

P 144 11. The cresenteric inferior border of the posterior rectus sheath:A. Spigelian line C. semilunar lineB. arcuate line of Douglas D. linea alba

P 197 16. Intraperitoneal organ:A. lower third of rectum C. kidneyB. jejunum D. pancreas

P 532 19. The femoral ring:A. is the medial opening of the inguinal canalB. is the base of the femoral canalC. forms the medial border of the Hesselbach’s triangle

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D. contains the spermatic cordP 638 21. In the neck:

A. the anterior rami of the C1-C4 spinal nerves supply the skin antero-laterallyB. the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia forms the stylomandibular ligamentC. the pretracheal fascia is attached superiorly to the hyoid boneD. all of the above are correct

P 644 22. Forms the floor of both the submental and the digastric triangle:A. hyoglossus B. thyrohyoid C. mylohyoid D. geniohyoid

P 643 23. Surgical procedures at the digastric triangle could possibly injure the following nerves, except:

A. vagus nerve C. hypoglossal nerveB. spinal accessory nerve D. glossopharyngeal nerve

P 791 24. In doing cricothyroidotomy, hemorrhage can occur from accidental injury to branches of:A. thyroidea ima artery C. superior thyroid arteryB. superficial cervical artery D. external laryngeal artery

P 795 25. In doing stellate ganglion block, the needle of the anesthetic syringe is inserted through the skin over the carotid tubercle; this carotid tubercle is a part of:

A. cricoid cartilage B. 1st rib C. hyoid bone D. 6 th cervical vertebra P 805 26. Due to the close proximity of their drainages in the nasal cavity, frontal sinusitis nearly

always involves this sinus:A. maxillary C. anterior ethmoidalB. posterior ethmoidal D. sphenoidal

P 664 27. The trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to the face except for a small area which is supplied by the:A. zygomaticotemporal nerve C. great auricular nerveB. lesser occipital nerve D. auriculotemporal nerve

P 675 28. On its way to the tongue, the chorda tympani:A. passes through the mastoid wall of the tympanic cavityB. enters the infratemporal fossa through the petrotympanic fissureC. join a branch of the posterior division of mandibular nerveD. all of the above are correct

P 691 29. In the living subject, the foramen lacerum of the cranial fossa is closed inferiorly by cartilage and fibrous tissue; above this closed inferior opening, foramen lacerum receives the:A. carotid canal C. foramen cecumB. condylar canal D. inferior orbital fissure

P 705 30. The artery supplying the “leg area” of the cerebral cortex:A. is the biggest branch of the internal carotid arteryB. passes in the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrumC. is a component of the circulus arteriosusD. all of the above are correct

P 665 32. The sensory nerve supplying the tip of the nose is the distal continuation of the:A. infraorbital nerve C. anterior ethmoidal nerveB. long sphenopalatine nerve D. buccal nerve

P 713 33. The following extraocular muscle is supplied by the most slender cranial nerve:A. superior oblique B. superior rectus C. lateral rectus D. none

P 724 34. The retina extends anteriorly as far as the:A. ora serrata B. ciliary processes C. iris D. limbus

P 727 35. True regarding the walls of the middle ear:A. the inferior wall transmits a branch from glossopharyngeal nerveB. the roof separates the middle ear from the temporal lobe of cerebrumC. the posterior wall contains the origin of stapediusD. all of the above are correct

P 805 37. Epistaxis usually occur upon rupture of the anastomosing branches of:A. greater palatine and sphenopalatine arteriesB. sphenopalatine and superior labial arteriesC. greater palatine and maxillary arteriesD. facial and superior labial arteries

P 747 38. The vestibular ligaments of the larynx represent the inferior margin of the:A. fibroelastic membrane of the larynx C. quadrangular membrane

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B. cricothyroid ligament D. false vocal cordsP 796 40. Frey’s syndrome is due to damage to the following nerves:

A. auriculotemporal and zygomaticotemporalB. zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacialC. great auricular and auriculotemporalD. chorda tympani and buccal branch of facial nerve

P 236 41. In the pelvic cavity, the ureter turns medially to enter the urinary bladder at the level of:A. greater sciatic foramen C. ischial spineB. sacral promontory D. upper border of symphysis pubis

P 306 42. In the Caldwell-Moloy pelvic classification, a transversely wide pelvis is:A. gynecoid B.platypelloid C. android D. anthropoid

P 317 43. Components of anorectal ring, except: A. internal anal sphincter C. puborectalisB. external anal sphincter (deep part) D. valves of Houston

P 298 44. The following branches of internal iliac artery pass through the greater sciatic foramen, except:A. superior gluteal B. inferior gluteal C. internal pudendal D. obturator

45. In the pelvic cavity, this structure lies at the apex of the V-shaped root of the sigmoid mesocolon:A. left ureter C. superior rectal arteryB. origin of the internal iliac artery D. sacral promontory

P 286 46. Boundaries of pelvic inlet, except:A. sacral promontory B. symphysis pubis C. ischial spine D. arcuate line

Boundaries of Pelvic Inlet:Posteriorly: sacral promontoryLaterally: Iliopectineal linesAnteriorly: Symphysis pubis

P 323 49. Voluntary control of micturition is done at the level of:A. internal urethral meatus C. fossa navicularisB. urogenital diaphragm D. apex of the urinary bladder

P 363 50. The pudendal nerve:A. has 3 major branches in the perineumB. passes out from the pelvic cavity via the lesser sciatic foramenC. enters the perineum via the greater sciatic foramenD. none of the above is correct

This nerve leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen and enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen.

51. Which of the following components of the respiratory tract wall increase/s in amount from trachea to alveoli:

A. cilia B. elastic fibers C. smooth muscle D. cartilage52. The presence of iron deposits in the cytoplasm of which of the following lung cell type is a diagnostic feature of congestive heart failure:

A. Goblet cell C. dust cellB. pneumocyte Type II D. Clara cell

53. In hypersensitivity reactions, this cell functions as an antigen-presenting cell in the skin:A. keratinocyte B. Langerhan’s cell C. melanocytes D. Merkel’s cell

54. Which of the following cell types comprises the visceral layer of Bowmann’s capsule affected in glomerular filtration disorders:

A. endothelial cell C. mesangial cellB. juxtaglomerular cell D. podocyte

55. Which of the following hormone is most likely affected in hypothalamic tumors:A. ADH B. ACTH C. FSH D. TSHA. aorta C. thoracic ductB. medium sized artery D. vena cava

57. Diarrhea may result if which of the following organs fails to carry out its primary role in absorbing water from the feces:

A. anal canal B. colon C. jejenum D. ileum58. Increase aqueous humor of the eye is due to the secretion by:

A. ciliary epithelium C. Schlemm’s canalB. choriocapillary layer D. corneal endothelium

P 504 59. Contraction of the muscles of the forearm that commonly follows fractures of the distal 3

end of the humerus or fractures of the radius and ulna:A. compartment syndrome of the forearmB. Dupuytren’s contractureC. Volkmann’s ischemic contractureD. Bontonniera deformity

P 501 60. Fracture of the distal end of the radius which occurs from a fall on the back of the hand:A. Colle’s fracture C. Monteggia’s fractureB. Smith’s fracture D. Bennett’s fracture

P 495 61. A young boy sustained a superficial laceration in front of his right wrist which was bleeding profusely. He had sensory loss over the palmar aspect of the medial 1 ½

fingers but normal sensation on the back of these fingers over the middle and proximal phalanges. Which of the following statements about the patient is true:A. the radial artery was cut in front of the flexor retinaculumB. the loss of skin sensation was caused by the injury to the ulnar nerve as it crossed infront of the flexor retinaculumC. there was no sensory loss in the palm of the hand because the palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve was cutD. this will lead to carpal tunnel syndrome

P 412 62. Which of the following is not part of the rotator cuff muscles:A. infraspinatus B. subscapularis C. supraspinatus D. teres major

63. Tennis elbow is characterized by pain and tenderness over the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. It is caused by:

A. repeated friction between the anconeus and abductor pollicis longusB. partial tearing of the extensor muscles from the lateral epicondyle of the humerusC. supracondylar fracture of the humerusD. dislocation of the elbow joint

P 489 64. Klumpke’s palsy is characterized by:A. upper lesion of the brachial plexus C. Waiter’s tip positionB. lower lesions of the brachial plexus D. excessive traction or tearing of C5 & C6

P 485 65. Which blood vessel passes along the deltopectoral groove:A. axillary artery C. cephalic veinB. suprascapular artery D. basilica vein

P 561 66. Nerve supply of the anterior fascial compartment of the leg:A. deep peroneal nerve C. posterior tibial nerveB. superficial peroneal nerve D. sciatic nerve

P 622 68. A 17 year old boy was crossing a busy street when he was bumped by a car on the lateral part of his right knee. X-ray showed a fracture of the head of the fibula. The patient was seen to be dragging his right foot and catches his toes on the ground as he walks. Which of the following explains this:

A. the patient injured his common peroneal nerveB. the medial meniscus was injured C. skin sensation on the posterior leg is lostD. the patient will not be able to plantarflex his right foot

P 581 69. The dostalis pedis artery lies between the tendons of extensor hallucis longus and:A. peroneus tertius C. extensor digitorum brevisB. extensor digitorum longus D. extensor hallucis brevis

P 595 70. Arch of the foot which consists of the bases of the metatarsal bones and the cuboid and the 3 cuneiform bones:

A. medial longitudinal arch C. transverse archB. lateral longitudinal arch D. posterior arch

P 129 75. Pain in myocardial infarction is referred to the areas of distribution of the following spinal nerves:

A. C2 – C4 B. C5 – C6 C. T1 – T4 D. T5 – T9P 111 76. In what division of the mediastinum is thoracic duct to the duct to the left side of the vertebral column:

A. superior B. inferior C. middle D. posteriorP 130 78. A patient with cancer of esophagus develops hoarseness. This is suggestive of direct invasion of the following structures:

A. larynx C. left recurrent laryngeal nerveB. nasal cords D. bronchus

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P 106 81. Sound of closure of the cardiac valve is heard best over the sternal end of right 4th intercostal space:

A. aortic B. pulmonic C. ventral D. tricuspidP 106 82. Apex beat has the some auscultation area as the following heart valve:

A. aortic B. mitral C. pulmonic D. tricuspid

P 86 83. Composed the medial and lateral bronchopulmonary segments:A. superior lobar C. middle lobarB. apical bronchopulmonary segment D. inferior lobar

P 65 84. The cardiac area of dullness extends as far left as the:A. midclavicular line C. anterior axillary lineB. parasternal line D. midaxillary line

P 64 85. At what reference line in the thorax would you find the lower border of the lung and its visceral pleura at the lower border of the 8th rib:

A. midclavicular B. anterior axillary C. mid axillary D. scapular lineP 66 86. The base of an adult female breast extends up to the following:

A. lower border of clavicle C. 2 nd rib B. 1st rib D. 3rd rib

P 64 87. A stab wound in an the anterior chest wall just to the right of sternum at 4th ICS would most likely injure the following structure:

A. superior vena cava C. right ventricleB. right atrium D. inferior vena cava

P 800 89. A 48 year old female teacher was admitted to the hospital and diagnosed on a CT scan to have a thrombosis of pontine vessels supplying the medial left sector of caudal pons. Expected neurologic findings of the patient would be:

A. ipsilateral hemiplegia C. inability to close the right eyeB. inability of the left eye to look laterally D. dysphagia

CLINICAL NEUROANATOMY for MEDICAL STUDENTS By SNELL 5th edition

P 175 90. Initial manifestation of syringomyelia at the level of C6 – T1 involves:A. flaccid paralysis at the level of injuryB. positive Babinski reflex on the ipsilateral sideC. bilateral loss of pain and temperature at the upper extremitiesD. bilateral proprioceptive loss

P 170 92. “Upper motor neuron lesions” involving the spinal cord can be produced by the damage to the:

A. spinothalamic tract D. spinocerebellar tractB. posterior columns E. Lissauer’s tractC. corticospinal tract

CLINICAL NEUROANATOMY for MEDICAL STUDENTS By SNELL 5th edition

P 287 94. Stimulation of the middle frontal cortex (area *) of the cerebral cortex would most likely produce:

A. contraction of the muscles of the contralateral legB. visual agnosisC. auditory hallucinationD. conjugate eye movements

CLINICAL ANATOMY for MEDICAL STUDENTS By SNELL 6th edition

P 322 95. The inferior angle of the trigone of the urinary bladder has opening/s for:A. urethra B. ureters C. renal papilla D. ejaculatory ducts

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P 375 96. Attached to the central tendon of perineum:A. bulbospongiosus C. superficial transverse perineal muscleB. external anal sphincter D. A,B,C

P363 98. The pudendal nerve and/or its branches have the following characteristics, EXCEPT:A. traverse the pudendal (Alcock’s) canalB. enter the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramenC. give origin to the posterior scrotal nervesD. supply the ischiocavernosus muscleE. arise from S1, 2 and 3 spinal nerves

P 335 100. The broad ligament contains all of the following , EXCEPT the:A. round ligament of the ovary D. uterine tubesB. uterine artery E. uretersC. round ligament of the uterus

Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedApplication1. A 60 year old man consults at your clinic with the complain of occasional deep-seated retrosternal discomfort radiating to the left shoulder, 2 months duration, associated with exertion. Upon auscultation, you take note of bradycardia and dysrthmia. By incidence, the slowly occluding vessel would be the:

A. Coronary sinusB. Right Coronary arteryC. Circumflex arteryD. Anterior Descending artery

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 117, Clinical scenario Application)

2. A 70 year old chronic hypertensive patient consults with you regarding difficulty of swallowing solid food, 3 months duration. You proceed to request for a chest X-ray and note of a 0.7 cardio-thoracic ratio. As far as the heart is concerned, the best explanation you can give the patient regarding her swallowing difficulty is:

A. Impingement of the vagus nerve by an overriding ascending aortaB. Compression of the thoracis esophagus by an enlarged left atriumC. Compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve underneath the aortaD. Overly stretched pericardiophrenic and pericardiosternal ligaments, compromising

swallowingAnswer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 113, Clinical scenario Application)

3. In the emergency evacuation of a massive hemopericardium compromising cardiac and systemic circulation, the best and safest area to make your access incision en route to the pericardial cavity is via:

A. 5th left ICS immediately lateral to the sternumB. 7th left ICS immediately lateral to the sternumC. 6th left ICS 10 cm from the midsternal lineD. Immediately subxiphoidal

Answer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 107, Clinical scenario Application)

Recall 1. A 70 year old male suffered massive myocardial infarction involving the right coronary artery. With your recent knowledge, want part/s of the heart does the right coronary artery supplies?

A. SA node D. right ventricleB. AV node E. All of the aboveC. right atrium

Answer E. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 117, Clinical scenario Recall)2. Which of the following nerve will most likely to be injured in surgical repair of a patent ductus arteriosus?

A. right phrenic C. left phrenicB. right recurrent laryngeal D. left recurrent laryngeal

Answer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 117, Clinical scenario Recall)3. If blood regurgitates back in the right atrium during systole. Which of the following valve is most likely to be damaged?

A. Mitral C. aortic

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B. Tricuspid D. pulmonicAnswer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 117, Clinical scenario Recall)

Identify anatomic landmarks used in Physical examinationRecall

1. In the auscultation of heart valves, what valve is heard best behind the right half of the sternum opposite the 4th intercostal space?

A. Tricuspid valveB. Mitral valveC. Pulmonary valveD. Aortic valve

Answer: A (page 122)

2. The lower border of the heart is formed mainly by what structure?A. Right ventricleB. Left ventricleC. Right atriumD. Left atrium

Answer: A (Page 111)

Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involvedX-ray findings Recall1. An 80 year old presents to your clinic with the complaint of easy fatigability. Upon auscultation of the left upper sternal border you note a systolic murmur. On X-ray of the chest, you observe a cardiothoracic ratio of .60 with mainly right ventricular enlargement. These findings point to:

A. Aortic stenosisB. Pulmonary insufficiency C. Aortic insufficiencyD. Pulmonary stenosis

Answer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 112, X-ray findings Recall)

X-ray findings Application1. A 40 year old male comes to you regarding dizziness and occasional chest pain. Upon auscultation you note a land apical murmur. X-rays of the chest reveal normal cardio-thoracic ratio. This finding point to a:

A. Aortic valve incompetenceB. Mitral valve stenosisC. Pulmonary stenosisD. Tricuspid valve stenosis

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 115, X-ray findings Application)

Recall1. Which of the following structures prevents the spread of urine inferiorly to the thigh in case of ruptured penile urethra due to straddle injury?A. Camper’s fascia C. conjoint tendonB. Scarpa’s fascia D. rectus sheathAnswer B.(Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 155, Clinical notes)

2. Which of the following structures protects an abdominal viscus from herniation into the inguinal triangle?A. inguinal ligament C. rectus abdominis muscleB. conjoint tendon D. lacunar ligamentAnswer B.(Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 196, Clinical notes)3. The triangle of Calot is used to identify the:A. hepatic artery proper C. cystic ductB. bile duct D. cystic arteryAnswer D.

1. The Celiac artery arises from the abdominal aorta approximately at the level of:A. T6

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B. T8C. T10D. T12

Answer: D (Page 261)

Application1. A 25 year old female was hit on her left side by a car and thrown about 10 feet. Aside from

multiple fractures, the patient was diagnosed to have internal bleeding upon initial physical exam. What organ was most likely injured?

A. Liver B. KidneysC. IntestinesD. Spleen

Answer: D (Page294)

Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involved

Application1. Swallowed gas within the proximal GIT will almost always collect in this region, as appreciated on antero-posterior X-ray views of the abdomen:

A. Esophageal hiatus C. cardiaB. Fundus D. pylorus

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 234, X-ray findings Application)


1. What part of the posterior cranial fossa occupies the central area of the floor and transmits the Medulla oblongata?

A. Cerebellar fossaB. Tentorium cerebelliC. Foramen magnumD. Foramen rotundum

Answer: C (Page 799)

Application1. A 20-year old male was involved in a riot and was allegedly hit by a baseball bat at the

back of the head. What injury would the patient sustain?A. Rupture of the Middle meningeal arteryB. A large tear in the Circle of WillisC. Tearing of the Superior cerebral veinsD. Rupture of the Lenticulostriate artery

Answer: C (807)

2. A 15-year old girl consulted because of a growing abscess on the side of her nose. The following statements are true, Except:

A. The blood in the facial vein is unable to spread upward because of the presence of valves.

B. The danger area is drained by the facial veinC. Cavernous sinus thrombosis can occur by the spread of infection by the venous

bloodD. The facial vein communicates with the cavernous sinus via the superior and inferior

ophthalmic veinsAnswer: A (20)

Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involvedApplication1. Ischemia due to thrombosis in the anterior spinal artery would affect the following sensory modalities of that particular spinal segment, EXCEPT:A. pain C. temperature

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B. light touch D. proprioceptionAnswer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 945, Clinical notes)

Given a patient problem, identify errors in development (germ cell, cell division, genetic disorders)Application1. What congenital anomaly results from the failure of development of the spines and arches of

one or more vertebra?A. ScoliosisB. AnencephalyC. Spina bifidaD. Lordosis

Answer: C (53)

Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedRecall1. Bone will be able to heal properly as long as which of the following structures remains intact?A. epiphysis C. medullary cavityB. endosteum D. periosteumAnswer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 37, Clinical notes)

2. The muscle that initiates the first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction is the:A. trapezius C. subscapularisB. supraspinatus D. deltoidAnswer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 490, Clinical notes)

3. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a loss of the median nerve function?A. Dupuytren’s contractureB. Carpal Tunnel syndromeC. Fracture of the spiral groove of the humerusD. Fracture of the anatomical neck of the humerus

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.538 , Clinical scenario Recall)

4. Femoral neck fractures may disrupt which of the following vessels?A. femoral artery C. circumflex femoral arteryB. deep femoral artery D. artery to the head of the femur

Answer C. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.628 , Clinical scenario Recall)

2. If the medial border of the cubital fossa is severed by a knife, which of the following structure most likely suffers damage?

A. radial nerve C. pronator teresB. brachioradialis D. ulnar nerve

Answer C. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.521 , Clinical scenario Application)3. To maintain balance and prevent the hips from tilting and sagging in the unsupported side of the pelvis while walking, the muscle involved is the:

A. gluteus maximus C. piriformisB. gluteus medius D. quadratus femoris

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.609 , Clinical scenario Application)


1. The bony protruberance on the dorsal aspect of the wrist is part of what bone?A. Radius B. UlnaC. Phalanges D. Metacarpals

Answer: B (Page 468)

Application

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1. A patient suffering from “Wrist drop” is most likely caused by injury to the:A. Median nerveB. Ulnar nerveC. Radial nerveD. Lateral cutaneous nerve

Answer: C (Page482)

2. A patient suffering from “Claw hand” is most likely caused by injury to the:A. Median nerveB. Ulnar nerveC. Radial nerveD. Lateral cutaneous nerve

Answer: B (Page482)

Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involvedRecall1. Fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus will most likely injure which of the following nerves?A. musculocutaneous C. axillaryB. median D. radialAnswer C. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 468, Clinical notes)Application1. Which of the following nerve is jeopardized in a fracture of the medial epicondyle (X-ray) of the humerus?

A. Ulnar C. medianB. Radial D. musculocutaneous

Answer A. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 529, X-ray findings Application)

Application1. A knife wound immediately below the right 4th rib along the midclavicular line will most likely injure the following bronchopulmonary segment:A. apical and posterior segment C. medial basal and anterior basalB. medial and lateral segment D. posterior basal and lateral basalAnswer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 72, 98, Clinical notes)

2. The driver of a van involved in a vehicular accident comes in with contusions in his anterior chest wall. On X-ray, you check for rib fractures. The most likely portion of the rib to be fractured is the:A. neck C. anterior to the costal angleB. attachments to its costal cartilages D. posterior to the costal angleAnswer C. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 60, Clinical notes)


1. The costal margin is the lower boundary of the thorax. It is formed by the cartilages of the:A. 8th and 9th rib onlyB. 9th and 10th rib onlyC. 8th, 9th and 10th rib onlyD. 8th, 9th,10th rib and the ends of the 11th and 12th rib

Answer: D (Page 67)

2. The trachea extends from the lower border of the cricoid cartilage in the neck to approximately the level of the:

A. 10th thoracic vertebraB. Sternal angleC. Xiphisternal jointD. Suprasternal notch

Answer: B (Page 71)

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Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involvedRecall1. An impalement injury at the area of the sternal angle would most likely injure the following structures, EXCEPT:A. T4/T5 IV disc C. carinaB. ascending aorta D. larynxAnswer D.

Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedRecall1. Which of the following ligaments transmits the uterine artery as it supplies the uterus?A. round ligament C. cardinal ligamentB. broad ligament D. uterosacral ligamentAnswer C. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 392, Clinical notes)

2. Which of the following provide dynamic support to the uterus?A. position of the uterus relative to the uinary bladder C. uterosacral ligamentB. transverse cervical ligament D. muscles of the pelvic diaphragmAnswer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 397, Clinical notes)

Application1. In females, the rectouterine pouch is best accessible to examination via:A rectal vault C. lateral vaginal fornixB. anterior vaginal fornix D. posterior vaginal fornixAnswer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 405, Clinical notes)

3. Prostatic cancer cells metastasize to the skull via the:A. pampiniform venous plexus C. lumbar nodesB vertebral venous plexus D. internal iliac nodesAnswer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 381, Clinical notes)


1. The normal anatomic position of the uterus is:A. Anteverted and anteflexedB. Retroverted and anteflexedC. Retroverted and retroflexedD. Anteverted and retroflexed


1. A culdocentesis was performed on a 27-year old female suspected to have a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. She had a 10 week history of amenorrhea and presented with severe hypogastric pain. In culdocentesis, blood pools in the area of the rectouterine pouch because:

A. It is the most dependent part of the entire peritoneal cavityB. The pouch lies anteriorly to the vaginaC. The pouch has a direct contact with the uterine tubesD. All of the above


Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedRecall1. A 22 year old male was rushed to the emergency room semiconscious with multiple hematomas on the right lumbar area of the posterior abdominal wall, right gluteal region and right lateral area of the thigh. The organ most likely to be traumatized is the:

A. Liver C. PancreasB. Kidney D. Spleen


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2. Having inserted approximately 11-12cm. of the catheter, you note some difficulty in insertion. The catheter tip is most probably in what part of the urinary system?

A. Spongy urethra C. Prostatic urethraB. Membranous urethra D. Urinary bladder



1. Relative anatomy of the kidney, EXCEPT:A. RetroperitonealB. In the Paravertebral gutterC. At the level of T10 and L1 vertebral bodiesD. Right kidney is lower than the left


Application1. A 55-year old man was diagnosed to have ureteric stones. With your knowledge in the

anatomy of the ureters, the following are considered to be the anatomic narrowings, except:

A. The pelviureteral junctionB. Pass the level of L3C. The pelvic brimD. Upon entering the urinary bladder


2. The renal artery arises approximately from the level of the:A. L1B. L2C. L3D. L4


Given a laboratory finding/ radiographic finding, identify the structure involvedRecall1. A 40 year old male complained of episode of severe pain which starts in the costovertebral angle radiating to the left scrotal area. His urinalysis showed microscopic RBCs. He is diagnosed to have ureterolithiasis (ureter stone). Blood in the urine is most likely to come from the following vessels, EXCEPT:

A. Testicular C. Superior vesicalB. Renal D. Left colic

Answer D. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.284 , Lab findings Recall)Application1. A KUB-IVP was done and showed a dilated left ureter from the renal pelvis up to the level of L4. You then suspect the uterolith to be lodged in the:

A. renal pelvis C. ureterovesical junctionB. pelvic brim D. bladder

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.286 , X-ray findings Application)

2. Which part of the pituitary gland is really a downward continuation of the hypothalamus?A. Neurohypophysis C. bothB. Adenohypophysis D. neither

Answer: A

3. Which of the following is NOT a part of neurohypophysis?A. pituitary stalk C. intermediate lobeB. posterior lobe D. all of the above

Answer: C

7. The thyroid gland synthesizes the following hormones, EXCEPT for the:12

A. T3 C. calcitoninB. T4 D. melatonin

Answer: D

Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedApplication1. You are manipulating the external ear canal of a 6 year old boy, attempting to remove an insect using a cotton bud. All of a sudden, the boy starts coughing continuously and the mother begins to show concern. You should assure her that this is merely due to:

A. The insect beginning to enter the middle ear spaceB. Stimulation of branches of the vagus nerveC. Beginning effusion within the middle ear cavity due to the presence of the insectD. None of the above

Answer B. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p.834 , Clinical scenario Application)

Recall1. In chronic otitis media, the part of the ossicular chain that is usually first to undergo necrosis due to its poor blood supply is the:

A. lenticular process of the incusB. stapes footplateC. capitulum of the stapesD. manubrium of the malleus

Answer A. (Clinical Anatomy, 7th ed. R. Snell, p. 839, Clinical scenario Recall)


1. The optic nerve enters the orbit passing through the optic canal is accompanied by the:A. Ophthalmic artery B. Suspensory ligaments of the eyeC. Ophthalmic veinD. Trochlear nerve


2. What structure in the middle ear separates the tympanic cavity from the meninges and temporal lobe of the brain?

A. Floor of the middle earB. Anterior wall of the middle earC. Tegmen tympaniD. Mastoid antrum


Application1. Inadequate treatment of otitis media can result in acute mastoiditis due to spread via what

structure?A. Semicircular ductsB. Mastoid antrumC. Petrous boneD. Tegmen tympani


Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedHistology1. In an asthmatic person, you expect the peripheral blood smear to have higher than normal amount of:

A. Basophils C. LymphocytesB. Eosinophils D. Neutrophils

Answer: B2. In a person with multiple abscess formation due to bacterial infection, you expect the peripheral blood smear to show higher than normal values of:

A. Basophils C. Lymphocytes

13

B. Eosinophils D. NeutrophilsAnswer: D

Given a clinical scenario, identify the structure involvedHistology1. On surfaces constantly exposed to abrasion, such as the skin and esophagus, the most suitable epithelium that can afford protection is:

A. simple squamous C. stratified squamousB. transitional D. pseudostratified

Answer: C

SIMPLE MULTIPLE CHOICE. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.

UPPER LIMB1. A spiral fracture in the middle to distal third of the humerus may injure this

structure:a. axillary artery c. radial artery b. radial nerve d. axillary nerve

Chapter 9 Page 439

THORAX

2. Chest radiograph taken during the inspiratory phase of respiration will show a vertically elongated cardiac shadow because :

a. the heart is compressed by the expanded lungsb. the fibrous pericardium is adherent to the mediastinal pleura c. parietal pericardium is fused to the central tendon of the diaphragm d. of increased intrathoraic pressure

Chapter 3 Page 105

3. The hormone calcitonin is produced by what particular endocrine cell?a. thyrocyte c. parafollicular cells b. chief cell of the parathyroid d. oxyntic cells of the

prathyroid Chapter Page

4. Surfactant production is a function of which of the following cells of the pulmonary system?

a. pneumocytes type I c. endothelium b. pneumocytes type II d. Clara cells

Chapter 3 Page 100

5. The following are features of the right primary bronchus, EXCEPT that:a. It is shorter c. it is more vertical b. It is narrower d. It has 3 branches

Chapter 3 Page 90

6. The blood supply of the heart are branches of:a. ascending aorta c. thoraic aorta b. arch of aorta d. bronchial artery

Chapter 3 Page 117

7. A blood clot detached from the right ventricular wall will likely cause obstruction to the blood vessel that supply the following organ:

a. lungs c. brain b. kidney d. liver

Chapter 3 Page 112

8. Deoxygenated blood from the fetus is brough back to the maternal circulation through the following blood vessels

a. ductus venosus c. umbilical artery b. umbilical vein d. vitteline vein

14

Chapter 3 Page 111

9. Sternal angle of Louis refers to a a. depression at the upper border of the sternum b. joint between manubrium and body of sternum c. joint between body and xiphoid process of sternum d. junction of 1st rib, clavicle and manubrium sterni

Chapter 2 Page 67

HEAD AND NECK

10.The following intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve EXCEPT the:

a. oblique arytenoid c. thyroarytenoid b. cricothyroid d. posterior cricoarytenoid

Chapter 16 Page 869

11.ACTH is release by released by the pituitary gland through the influence of:a. thalamus c. hypothalamus b. cerebellum d. basal ganglia

Chapter Page

12.Parathyroid hormone stimulates this cell to increase the blood calcium level:a. Osteoclast c. chondroblast b. Osteoblast d. chondrocyte

Chapter 11 Page 747

13.Thyroid hormones, T3 and T4 are secreted by what cell of thyroid gland?a. acidophil c. follicular b. basophil d. parafollicular

Chapter 11 Page 745

14.The veins which drain the tongue, tonsils and the rest of the oral cavity all drain in the:

a. external jugular vein c. external carotid vein b. internal jugular vein d. external carotid vein

Chapter 11 Page 847

15.The nerve supply for general sensations of the mucous membrane covering the anterior two thirds of the tongue is the:

a. glossopharyngeal nerve c. lingual nerve b. hypoglossal nerve d. chorda tympani branch of

facial nerveChapter 11 Page 847

ABDOMEN

16.Which of the following arteries supplies the lower part of the greater curvature of the stomach?

a. left gastric artery c. left gastroepiploic artery b. right gastric artery d. right gastroepiploic artery

Chapter 5 Page 237

17.The submucosallayer is seen in the following organs of the digestive system EXCEPT:

a. oesophagus c. large intestines b. gallbladder d. duodenum

Chapter Page

18.Which of the following structures is NOT a component of the portal triad of the liver?

a. bile ductile c. central vein b. hepatic arteriole d. portal vein

Chapter 5 Page 266

19.Which cell consist monocyte – marcophage system of the liver?15

a. Ito cells c. Kupffer cells b. Fibroblast in the space of Disse d. hepatocytes

Chapter Page

20.The cells of zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex procedure what hormone that influences the electrolyte and water balance of the body?

a. cortisone c. aldosterone b. vasopressin d. epinephrine

Chapter 4 Page 217

21.The renal facia is derived from the fascia of the abdominal wall a. lumbodorsal c. psoasb. transversalis d. diaphragmatic

Chapter 5 Page 28122.Which of the following organs is located anterior to the right kidney?

a. Pancreas c. duodenumb. Jejunum d. spleen

Chapter 5 Page 281

23.The arrangement of the structures in the renal pedicle from anterior to posterior is:

a. vein, artery, ureter c. ureter, vein arteryb. artery, vein ureter d. vein, ureter, artery

Chapter 6 Page 357

24.Which of the following statement regarding the bladder is NOT true?a. It’s a muscular receptacle for storage of urine b. The empty bladder in adults is located entirely in the pelvis c. It’s posterior wall is also its base d. It is an intraperitoneal organ

Chapter 6 Page 357

25.The blood vessels that conveys 70% of blood to the liver is the:a. hepatic artery c. hepatic vein b. portal vein d. inferior vena cava

Chapter 5 Page 267

26.Among the following tributaries, which vein joins the splenic vein to form the portal vein

a. left gastric vein c. right gastric vein b. inferior mesenteric vein d. superior mesenteric vein

Chapter 5 Page 277

27.Which of the following represents an internal difference between the small and large intestines?

a. Longitudinal muscle arrangement c. plicae circularesb. Appendices epiploicae d. intestinal sasculation

Chapter 5 Page 265

28.The part of the duodenum which is posterior to the fundus of the gallbladder, right hepatic lobe and transverse colon and anterior to the hilium of the right kidney is:

a. duodenal cap (superior) c. transverse part b. descending part d. ascending part

Chapter 5 Page 245

29.The structure along the gastrointetinal tract that is formed from the most caudal protion of the foregut and the most cephalic end of the midgut is the:

a. gastroesophageal junction c. iloececal junction b. duodenum d. left colic flexure

Chapter 5 Page 239

PERINEUM AND PELVIS

30.The endocrine part of the testis that secretes the hormone Testosterone?16

a. sertoli cells c. spermatocyteb. Lyedig cells d. spermatogonia

Chapter 8 Page 448

31.The integrity of the blood-testis barrier is a function of which cell of the male reproductive tract?

a. sertoli cells c. germinal epithelium b. Leydg cells d. spermatozoons

Chapter 8 Page 469

32.After traumatic rupture of penile urethra distal to urogenital diaphragm, urine would likely extravasate to the:

a. scrotum c. anal triangle b. posterior abdominal wall d. deep perineal pouch

Chapter 8 Page 437

33.Fertilization of an egg by a sperm normally occurs at the:a. infusdibulum of the fallopian tube c. isthmus of the fallopian

tube b. ampulla of the fallopian tube d. entrauterine portion of

the fallopian tube Chapter 7 Page 344

34.The structure that maintains the normal position of the uterus is the:a. broad ligament c. peritoneum b. round ligament d. ureter

Chapter 4 Page 392

35.The vas deferens end by joining the ducts of the:a. epididymis c. bulbourethral glandsb. prostate gland d. seminal vesicles

Chapter 4 6

36.Which of the following parts of the male reproductive system is supplied by a branch of the abdominal aorta?

a. epididymis c. seminal vesicles b. vas deferens d. prostate gland

Chapter 4 Page 179

37.The narrowest part of the male urethra is the:a. Prostatic c. spongyb. membranous d. external orifice

Chapter 8 Page 436

38.When doing hysterctomy one should be careful in cutting the following ligaments because it contains the ovarian artery and veins and may cause bleeding if anadvertently cut

a. broad ligaments c. round ligaments b. suspensory ligaments d. ovarian ligaments

Chapter 4 Page 39739.This uterine ligament extends from the utherus to the labia majora

a. transverse cervical ligament c. round ligament b. uterosacral ligament d. broad ligament

Chapter 7 Page 394

INTRODUCTION TO BASIC ANATOMIC STRUCTURES

40.The endothelium of capillaries is well adapted for the function of exchange of gases and nutrients because it is made up of what type of epithelium?

a. stratified c. transsitional b. psuedostratified d. simple

Chapter 1 Page 21

41.The main cell in connective tissue involved in tissue repair:17

a. plasma cell c. fibroblast b. mast cell d. adipose cell

Chapter Page

42.The type of specialized connective tissue which has a rigid consistency due to disposition of inorganic salts:

a. cartilage c. myeloid b. bone d. blood

Chapter Page

BACK

43.The spinal cord is anchored vertically to the coccyx by the:a. denticulate ligament c. filum terminale b. cauda equina d. ligamentum flavum

Chapter 12 Page 143

44.The fasciculus cuneatus is found at this spinal cord segment:a. lumbar c. sacral b. thoracic d. cervical

Chapter 12 Page 941

45.The lateral coticospinal tract carry these impulses to the effector organs:a. motor c. sympathetic b. sensory d. parasympathetic

Chapter Page

46.Pain and temperature impulses on the left sole ascends to the thalamic are via:

a. ipsilateral lateral spinothalamic tract c. ipsilateral posterior column

b. contralateral lateral spinothalamic tract d. contralateral posterior column

Chapter 11 Page 810

47.Loss of pain ad temperature sensation at the level of the umbilicus points to a lesion at this cord level:

a. T10 c. T8b. L2 d. T12

Chapter Page

48.The fiber tract that coordinates the functions of cranial nevers II, IV and VI:a. medial lemniscus c. medial longitudal fasciculusb. fasciculus gracilis d. lateral lemniscus

Chapter Page

49.The efferent nucleus of the pupillary light reflex is:a. lateral geniculate body c. Edinger-Westpalb. oculomotor nucleus d. trouchlear nucleus

Chapter Page

50.CSF flows from the 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle via:a. Formina of Monro c. cerebral aqueductb. Foramina of Magendie d. Foramina of Luschka

Chapter 12 Page 947

51.Pain and temperature sensation from the head is received in the brainstrem by the:

a. mesencphalic nucleus of V c. motor nucleus of Vb. trigeminal spinal nucleus d. nucleus ambigous

Chapter Page

Source: Clinical Anatomy Richard S. Snell 7th Edition (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

18

7. Postoperative hoarseness after thyroidectomy results if one of the recurrent nerves is accidentally cut while ligating which of the following vessels?

A. superior thyroid artery C. superior thyroid veinB. inferior thyroid artery D. middle thyroid vein

Page 746

9. Which of the following nerves is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus and supplies all the muscles of the anterior fascial compartment of the thigh?

A. femoralB. sciaticC. obturatorD. deep peroneal

Page 621

10. A 50 year old male patient sustains an injury to the lateral aspect of the right knee. Due to the heavy impact on the injured area the nerve most likely to be injured is likely to produce:

A. plantar flexion C. dorsiflexionB. knee flexion D. foot enversion

Page 653, 655-660

11. The safest area to administer intramuscular medications in the gluteal area is at theA. upper inner quadrant C. lower inner quadrantB. upper outer quadrant D. lower outer quadrant

Page 608

12. The medial umbilical fold in the posterior surface of the anterior abdominal wall covers theA. internal epigastric vessels C. obliterated umbilical arteryB. remnant of the urachus D. linea alba

Page 352

13. Which of the following is an example of a saddle joint?A. carpometacarpal joint of the thumbB. metacarpophalangeal joint of the index fingerC. shoulder jointD. wrist joint

Page 17

15. All of the following statements about the adrenal gland are correct EXCEPT:A. They are retroperitoneal organs.B. Both adrenal veins drain into the inferior vena cava.C. The superior adrenal arteries are branches of the inferior phrenic arteries.D. They are innervated predominantly by preganglionic sympathetic fibers.

Page 290-291

16. Which is an INCORRECT statement about an intervertebral disc?A. during aging, fluid within the nucleus pulposus is replaced by fibrocartilageB. atlanto-axial joint possesses no discC. nucleus pulposus is most likely to herniate in an anterolateral directionD. disc are thickest in the lumbar region

Page 929-932

19

17. After extensive surgical dissection in the posterior cervical triangle, drooping of the skin in the neck was noted postoperatively. This is due to injury of what nerve?

A. trigeminal C. spinal accessoryB. hypoglossal D. facial

Page 771-773

18. Not found in the CNSA. astrocytes C. bipolar cellsB. Schwann cell D. oligodendrocytes

Page 330 Bloom and Fawcett

24. Which of the following structures does not form the anterior surface of the heart?A. right ventricleB. right atriumC. left ventricleD. left atrium

Page 110

26. An occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery would result in necrosis ofof each of the following EXCEPT the: A. ascending colon B. rectum C. cecum

D. ileum

Page 261

27. Space between the cornea and the iris and lensA. anterior chamberB. posterior chamberC. vitreous cavityD. aqueos humor

Page 831-832

28. A severe infection that obstructs the middle meatus would affect drainage from each of the following sinuses EXCEPT the

A. maxillary sinusB. frontal sinusC. nasolacrimal ductD. anterior ethmoid air cells

Page 860

29. A patient is unable to taste a piece of sugar placed on the anterior part of the tongue.which cranial nerve is likely to have a lesion?A. hypoglossal nerveB. vagus nerveC. glossopharyngeal nerve D. facial

Page 904

30. When a patient attempts protrusion of the tongue,the tongue deviates to the right. This would indicate damage to which of the following nerves?

A. right glossopharyngealB. left accessory

20

C. right hypoglossalD. left hypoglossal

Page 910

31. If a patient presented with a permanently dilated pupil, which one of the following nerves could be assumed to be involved?

A. opticB. sympathetic trunkC. ophthalmicD. occulomotor

Page 903

33. Damage to the anatomic snuffbox might be expected to injure the A. ulnar nerveB. median nerveC. ulnar arteryD. radial artery

Page 533

34. Following a tonsillectomy, a patient noted loss of general sensation and taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue. It could be assumed that the injured nerve was a branch of the

A. glossopharyngeal nerveB. facial nerveC. lingual nerve D. vagus nerve

Page 904

35. A stab wound on the neck which injures the spinal root of CN XI results to the following signs and symptoms EXCEPT:

A loss of pain sensation on the shoulder and upper chestB. drooping of the shoulderC. inability to elevate the shoulderD. weakness and atrophy of the trapezius

Page 909-910

38. The cerebral aqueduct is located in theA. cerebrum C. midbrainB. diencephalons D. pons

Page 810

41. This histologic structure of the duodenum that neutralizes the highly acidic content of the stomach:

A. crypts of Leiberkuhn’s C. Brunner’s glandB. microvilli D. glycocalyx

Page 633-635 Bloom and Fawcet

42. Extensor compartment of the legA. anterior compartment C. peroneal compartmentB. lateral compartement D. posterior compartment

Page 660

21

43. The thoracic duct passes through the diaphragm through theA. aortic hiatus C. caval foramenB. esophageal hiatus D. sternocostal hiatus

Page 62-64 44. Posterior to the neck of the pancreas this vessel is formed

A. inferior vena cava C. portal veinB. celiac trunk D. thoracic duct

Page 262-263

45. The sternal angle is a useful landmark in counting the intercostal space and it corresponds to the level of

A. 1st costal cartilage C. 3rd costal cartilageB. 2nd costal cartilage D. 4th costal cartilage

Page 67

47. Damage to the anterior division of the middle meningeal artery may results into what type of intracranial hemorrhage

A. extradural hemorrhage C. subdural hemorrhageB. subarachnoid hemorrhage D. cerebral hemorrhage

Page 897

48. Granular leukocytes EXCEPT:A. neutrophil C. monocyteB. basophil D. eosinophil

Page 129 Bloom and Fawcett

50. Clinical findings of epistaxis, cerebrospinal rhinorrhea or exophthalmos is due to fracture of the

A. anterior cranial fossa C. posterior cranial fossaB. middle cranial fossa D. none of the above

Page 798 802

51. The structure that serves as a landmark in doing pudendal block anesthesia through a transvaginal approach is the: A. iliac crest C. ischial spine B. ischial tuberosity D. sacral promontory

Page 339 423

53. To what vein does the left ovarian vein drain into? A. renal C. portal B. IVC D. iliac vein

Page386

55. In doing thoracentesis, which of the following layers is not penetrated by the needle?A. intercostal muscles C. superficial fasciaB. endothoracic D. visceral pleura

Page 61

22

59. The powerful extension of the thigh required when one is standing from the sitting position is the function of the

A. gluteus maximus muscleB. psoas major muscleC. piriformis muscle D. iliacus muscle

Page 603

60. The osseous labyrinth of the internal ear consists of the A. vestibuleB. sacculusC. semicircular duct

D. utriculus

Page 842

63. The main venous drainage of the heart is theA. great cardiac vein C. azygos veinB. coronary sinus D. inferior vena cava

Page 121

65. A patient with an isolated injury to the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve would present with

A. atrophy of the temporalis muscle on the affected sideB. flattened nasao-labial fold on the affected sideC. numbness of the cheek on the affected sideD. A and C only

Page 768

66. For a soccer player to have a strong kick he must develop his A. hamstring muscles C. quadriceps femoris

B. pes anserinus muscles D. gluteal muscles

Page 624

68. A massive infarction of the heart involving the septum, apex, ventricle (left) is likely due to obstruction of the:

A. right coronary artery C. L-ant. descending arteryB. circumflex artery D. right interventricular\

Page 119-120

70. Fate of the Graafian follicle immediately after ovulationA. corpus luteumB. atretic follicleC. corpus albicansD. none of the above

Page 825-826 Bloom and Fawcett

71. Following a hard blow to the anterior shoulder, a weakness of the flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint would suggest damage to which of the following muscles?

A. rhomboid majorB. supraspinatusC. pectoralis minor

23

D. biceps brachii

Page 500 505

72. Loss of function of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and the sole of the foot is associated with paralysis of

A. tibial nerve B. common fibular nerveC. deep fibular nerveD. superficial fibular nerve

Page 662

73. All of the following forms the boundary of the perineum, EXCEPT:A. pubic symphysis C. coccyxB. ischial tuberosities D. sacrospinous ligaments

Page 416

76. Which of the following muscles will be paralyzed if there is a lesion of the ulnar nerve?A. medial two lumbricals and opponens pollicisB. palmar interossei and adductor pollicisC. dorsal interossei & lateral two lumbricalsD. medial and lateral lumbricals

Page 546

77. In males, the mucus-secreting glands found within the deep perineal pouch are the:A. seminal cuneatus C. Cowper's glandsB. Skene's glands D. prostate glands

Page 435

79. The following is a subdivision of the posterior triangle of the neck A. Digastric C. SubclavianB. Submental D. Carotid

Page 730

81. The gastrohepatic ligament attaches to this part of the stomachA. fundus C. lesser curvatureB. greater curvature D. none of the above

Page 219

82. The following are sources of blood supply of the stomach; EXCEPT:A. right gastric artery C. hepatic proper arteryB. left gastric artery D splenic artery

Page 237

83. Lateral wall of middle ear:A. tympanic membrane C. carotid wallB. tegmen tympani D. ventricular wall

Page 834

84. Paranasal sinus that communicates with the nasal cavity through its opening in the superior meatus:

A. posterior ethmoidal C. frontal

24

B. anterior ethmoidal D. sphenoid

Page 863-864

85. This bone forms part of the nasal septum:A. sphenoid C. ethmoidB. nasal bone D. frontal

Page 790

89. The dorsalis pedis artery is a terminal branch of theA. anterior tibial artery C. peroneal arteryB. posterior tibial artery D. saphenous artery

Page 627

90. Structure that is easily damaged/cut during abdominal hysterectomyA. obturator nerve C. internal iliac arteryB. ureter D. umbilical artery

Page397

93. A 47 y.o. man was riding his motorcycle when a jaywalker suddenly crossed his path. His sudden brake and turn caused him to lose control and he subsequently fell hitting the pavement with his head and shoulder. On examination his upper limb hung limply on the side, medially rotated and forearm pronated. Diagnosis: Erb-Duchenne Palsy. Which statement is true regarding Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

A. involves upper brachial plexusB. caused by excessive abduction of the armC. there is no paralysis of the arm musclesD. skin sensation of the whole arm is intact

Page 577

94. All of the following vessels are part of the Circle of Willis EXCEPT: A. Posterior communicating artery B. Anterior cerebral artery C. Lateral striate arteries D. Posterior cerebral arteries

Page 814

96. Motor nerve supply of the faceA. VI C. VIIIB.VII D. X

Page 771-772

97. The origin of the axillary vein : A. basilic vein C. vena comitantes of brachial art. B. subclavian vein D. A & C

Page 477

98. The junction between the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue is marked by theA. circumvallate C. palatopharyngeal foldB. sulcus terminalis D. glossoepiglottic fold

25

100. In the cardiac silhouette of a radiograph the right border of the heart is formed by:A. right ventricle C. left atriumB. right atrium D. pulmonary trunk

Reference: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students by Richard Snell, 7th ed.

A 2 Transection of the costocervical artery will disrupt blood flow to this artery 56A. 2nd posterior intercostal B. 3rd posterior intercostalC. 2nd anterior intercostalD. 3rd anterior intercostalMPL:0.25

B 3 Apex beat of the heart is normally located at the left 70A. 4th intercostal spaceB. 5th intercostal spaceC. 3rd intercostal spaceD. 6th intercostal spaceMPL:1

B 4 Penetrating stab wound at the root of the neck will likely injure the 74A. arch of aortaB. apex of lungC. azygous veinD. tracheaMPL:0.5

B 5 This structure is located between 2 adjacent bronchopulmonary segments 97A. segmental bronchusB. segmental veinC. segmental arteryD. segmental autonomic nervesMPL:0.25

C 6 Embolus that forms in the left ventricle will may enter the ff: structure EXCEPT 121A. arch of aortaB. brachiocephalic arteryC. left pulmonary arteryD. right subclavian artery MPL:1

B 7 Injury or disruption of the moderator band will also disrupt this part of the 116conducting systemA. atrio-ventricular nodeB. right bundle branchC. left bundle branchD. D. Purkinje fibersMPL:0.5

B 9 The delay in impulse conduction thru the AV node is necessary 116A. to strengthen contraction of atriumB. adequate filling of the ventriclesC. prevent turbulent flowD. allow coronary blood flowMPL:0.25

C 10 Malignant tumors of the mediastinum will result in 133A. pneumothoraxB. paralysis of intercostal musclesC. paralysis of diaphragmD. pnemomediastinum

MPL:0.5

A 13Rectus sheath hematoma sustained from trauma to the abdomen results from injury 164to this vesselA. inferior epigastric arteryB. deep circumflex iliac veinC. superficial epigastric artery

26

D. superficial epigastric veinMPL:0.33

A 14 The location of the superficial inguinal ring is 172A. external oblique aponeurosisB. internal obliqueC. transversalis fasciaD. Camper’s fasciaMPL:0.33

D 15 An indirect inguinal hernia passes thru deep inguinal ring lateral to this structure 194A. superficial epigastric arteryB. deep circumflex iliac arteryC. rectus abdominisD. inferior epigastric arteryMPL:.0.5

C 16 This structure is located outside the femoral sheath 624A. femoral arteryB. femoral vein C. femoral nerveD. lymphatic vesselsMPL:0.33

B 18 Blunt trauma to the anterior abdominal wall will most likely injure this part of the 243duodenumA. first part ( superior)B. third part (horizontal)C. second part ( descending)D. 4th part ( ascending)MPL:0.25

C 19 This structure can be traced towards the base of the appendix and be used as 246a guide for looking for the appendixA. haustraB. appendices epiplocaeC. taenia coliD. mesoappendixMPL:0.5

D 20The presence of mesocolon in this segment of large intestine also makes it prone 251to volvulusA. ascending colonB. cecumC. descending colonD. sigmoid colonMPL:0.5

B 21 True regarding Meckel’s diverticulum 259A. it’s a pseudodiverticulumB. possess gastric mucousaC. located 20 ft. from the ileo-ceal valveD. due to persistence of urachusMPL:0.5

B 22 The quadrate lobe of the liver is located at 265A. between the ligamentum venosum and the inferior vena cavaB. between the round ligament and the gallbladder bedC. behind the porta hepatisD. lateral to the falciform ligamentMPL:0.5

C 23 The fundus of the gallbladder is located at the level of 268A. 7th costal cartilageB. 8th costal cartilageC. 9th costal cartilageD. 6t cartilageMPL:0.25

C 24 Most common origin of the cystic artery 268A. celiac arteryB. left hepatic arteryC. right hepatic artery

27

D. gastroduodenalMPL:0.5

D 25 Which is NOT true regarding the blood supply of the pancreas 275A. inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery supplies the headB. venous drainage is to the portal veinC. splenic artery gives branches to the bodyD. origin of the superiorpancreaticoduodenal artery is the celiac arteryMPL:1

C 26 Space in the kidney that receives the renal pelvis 281A. renal papillaB. major calyxC. renal sinusD. renal hilumMPL:0.5

C 27 Branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery 351A. Ilio-lumbarB. superior gluteal C. Inferior glutealD. lateral sacralMPL:0.25

B 28 This nerve accompanies the lumbosacral trunk as it descends into the pelvis 350A. sciatic nerveB. obturator nerveC. pudendal nerveD. superior gluteal nerveMPL:0.25

A 29 Part of the urinary bladder that lie behind the upper border of the symphysis 383pubisA. ApexB. baseC. neckD. lateral surfaceMPL:0.5

D 30 This is true regarding the relation of the prostate to other structures 378A. superiorly related to the uro-genital diaphragmB. inferiorly related to the perineal membraneC. anteriorly related to the levator aniD. posteriorly related to the Denonvillier’s fasciaMPL:0.25

C 31 During hysterectomy the ureter is prone to injury at this level 397A. isthmus of the fallopian tubeB. ovarian arteryC. internal osD. body of the uterusMPL:0.25

D 32 Supports the middle part of the vagina 403A. pubocervical B. perineal bodyC. levator aniD. urogenital diaphragmMPL:0.33

A 33 Content of the carotid triangle of the neck 735A. hypoglossal nerveB. anterior belly of digastricsC. sternothyroidD. inferior belly of omohyoidMPL:0.5

D 34 The pulsation felt anterior to the crus of the helix of the ear is 737A. maxillary arteryB. facial arteryC. posterior auricular arteryD. superficial temporal arteryMPL:0.33

28

C 36 Branch of the maxillary division of trigeminal that supplies the skin of cheek 766and noseA. infratrochlearB. external nasalC. infraorbitalD. mental nerveMPL:0.5

C 37 This is a muscle of mastication 775A. buccinatorsB. risoriusC. temporalisD. orbicularis orisMPL:0.5

B 38 Prevents posterior dislocation of the mandibular head 783A. tympanic plateB. lateral temporomandibular ligamentC. articular discD. sphenomandibular ligamentMPL:0.25

C 41 Tear in the superior cerebral vein results in hemorrhage into the 807A. subarachnoid spaceB. epidural spaceC. subdural spaceD. intracerebralMPL:0.5

A 42 Lacerated wound up to the first layer of the foot will transect 668A. abductor digiti minimiB. quadrates plantaeC. flexor digiti minimiD. adductor hallucisMPL:0.25

C 46 Most medially located structure in the femoral triangle 620A. femoral arteryB. femoral nerveC. femoral lymph vesselsD. femoral veinMPL:1

D 47 Derived from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus 477A. radial nerveB. median nerveC. ulnar nerveD. musculo-cutaneous nerveMPL:0.25

B 48 The thoracodorsal nerve is derived from this part of the brachial plexus 480A. superior trunkB. posterior cordC. roots of plexusD. medial cordMPL:0.25

B 49 Extra-occular muscle of the eye is innervated by the trochlear nerve 824A. lateral rectusB. superior obliqueC. superior rectusD. inferior obliqueMPL:0.5

C 52 The cell that secretes Calcitonin which lowers blood Calcium level by inhibiting 315

the rate of decalcification of bone is:A. FollicularB. PrincipalC. ParafollicularD. OxyphilMPL:0.5

29

D 54 The phase of the Menstrual cycle that coincides with the functional activity 746of the corpus luteum and primarily influenced by progesterone secretion:A. MenstrualB. LutealC. ProliferativeD. SecretoryMPL:0.5

C 55 The properties of motility and ability to fertilize an oocyte are acquired by mature 703sperm cell in what portion of Male reproductive system?A. Ductus deferensB. Seminiferous tubulesC. EpididymisD. Ejaculatory ductMPL:0.5

B 56 Destruction of these cells will lead to a clinical condition known as Multiple 297sclerosis:A. AstrocytesB. OligodendrocytesC. Ependymal cellsD. Schwann cellsMPL:0.5

A 57 What cell forms part of the Blood – Testis barrier performing protective and 334Nutritive functions for the developing sperm cells?A. SertoliB. PrincipalC. LeydigD. SpermatogoniumMPL:0.5

B 58 The Stratum Functionalis of Endometrium that undergoes changes during 351Menstrual cycle and is shed during Menstruation; is histologically and functionally made up of what layers?A. Stratum Compactum and Stratum BasalisB. Stratum Compactum and Stratum SpongiosumC. Stratum Basalis and Stratum SpongiosumD. Stratum Compactum, Stratum Spongiosum and Stratum BasalisMPL:1

D 59 The part of the Adrenal gland which secretes Aldosterone that functions in the 665control of blood pressure is:A. Adrenal medullaB. Zona FasciculataC. Zona ReticularisD. Zona GlomerulosaMPL :0.33

C 60 Parkinson’s disease is a slowly progressive neurologic disorder caused by loss of 292Dopamine secreting cells in the _______________ of the brain.A. Red nucleusB. Globus pallidusC. Substantia nigraD. PutamenMPL:0.25

D 61 Second Meiotic division in the process of Oogenesis will only be completed if 735there is:A. ImplantationB. MenstruationC. OvulationD. FertilizationMPL:0.25

B 62 In cases of nerve fiber injury, what structure in the perikaryon will be decreased 314 in number?

A. MitochondriaB. Nissl bodyC. Golgi apparatusD. RibosomeMPL:0.25

30

C 63 Fertilization occurs in what segment of the Uterine tube? 742A. A.InfundibulumB. B.IsthmusC. AmpullaD. IntramuralMPL:1

A 64 Glaucoma is a clinical condition resulting from increased intraocular pressure as 798a result of obstruction of the drainage or excessive secretion of Aqueous humor. The structure that secretes Aqueous humor is the:A. Ciliary processesB. Corneal stromaC. ChoroidD. IrisMPL:0.5

D 66 Infections of the membranous labyrinth will result to what clinical condition? 832A. DizzinessB. Conductive hearing lossC. VertigoD. Sensorineural hearing lossMPL:0.5

C 67 In older men, calcified and concentric lamellated bodies known as Corpora 709Amylacea are seen in the alveoli of what gland?A. PinealB. PituitaryC. ProstateD. Cowper’sMPL:1

B 68 Destruction of these cells in the Pancreas leads to increase blood glucose levels 557And presence of glucose in the urine, a condition known as Diabetes Mellitus.A. AlphaB. BetaC. DeltaD. SigmaMPL:1

A 69 Retinal detachment involves separation of the neural retina from what structure? 799A. Pigment epitheliumB. Descemet’s membraneC. Bruch’s membraneD. Corneal epitheliumMPL:0.25

D 70 The smallest of the neuroglial cells that forms part of the Mononuclear phagocytic 297System is:A. AstrocyteB. OligodendrocyteC. EpendymaD. MicrogliaMPL:1

C 71 Melatonin which regulates daily body rhythms and day /night cycle is secreted by 655What endocrine gland?A. PituitaryB. ThyroidC. PinealD. Adrenal MPL:0.5

A 72 Lack of menstruation during lactation and infertility exhibited by fully breast – 763feeding women is due to high levels of Prolactin which suppress secretion of:A. Luteinizing hormoneB. Follicle – stimulating hormoneC. EstrogenD. ProgesteroneMPL:0.33

C 74 In Grave’s disease, these cells are stimulated and increased in number and size 659leading to abnormal secretions of Thyroid hormones:A. Parafollicular

31

B. OxyphilC. FollicularD. ChiefMPL:0.5

B 75 The secretions of this endocrine gland prepares the body for “ fight or flight” 665response:A. Adrenal cortexB. Adrenal medullaC. Anterior PituitaryD. Posterior PituitaryMPL:0.5

D 93 What organ system contains transitional epithelium? 309A. A.Cardiovascular systemB. Gastrointestinal systemC. Nervous systemD. Urinary system MPL:1

D 95 Which of the following gastric cells secretes pepsin? 255A. Betz cells B. Oxyntic cellsC. Leydig’s cellsD. Zymogenic cellsMPL:0.5

D 96 Where is the impulse conducting system of the heart located? 344A. EndocardiumB. EpicardiumC. MyocardiumD. Subendocardium MPL:0.5

D 99 Which of the following cells contains Barr bodies? 50EosinophilLymphocyteMast cellSegmenter MPL:0.25

D 100 What is the principal organelle involved in detoxification and conjugation of 39Noxious substances?A. Golgi apparatusB. LysosomeC. MitochondrionD. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

MPL:0.5

2. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the superior vena cava?A. It has a valve at the atrial orifice.B. It is formed by the union of brachiocephalic veins.C. It conducts returning blood from the superior half of the body.D. Its atrial orifice is at the level of the right third costal cartilage.

Answer: A, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p111

3. An intern would like to auscultate the aortic valve. He should put his stethoscope at which of the following areas?A. right 2nd ICS, sternal margin C. right 5th ICS, sternal marginB. left 2nd ICS, sternal margin D. 5th ICS, left midclavicular line


4. Which of the following veins drain directly into the right atrium?A. great cardiac C. smallest cardiacB. small cardiac D. posterior cardiac

Answer: C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p121

7. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the tricuspid valve?32

A, It consists of 3 semilunar cusps.B. The bases of the cusps are attached to chordae tendinae.C. It guards the left atrio-ventricular orifice.D. The valve is open during diastole.

Answer: D, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p112

8. The baroreceptor within the wall of the internal carotid artery is the?A. aortic body C. carotid sinusB. carotid body D. glomus

Answer: C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p738 Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p225

9. Injury to which of the following layers of the arterial wall would initiate plaque formation in atherosclerosis?A. basement membrane C. tunica adventitiaB. smooth muscles of tunica media D. tunica intima

Answer: D, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p223

10. During fetal circulation, blood from the pulmonary trunk goes to the aorta via the:A. ductus arteriosus C. foramen ovaleB. ductus venosus D. umbilical vein

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p131

13. What structure passes through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm?A. azygos vein C. phrenic nerveB. thoracic duct D. vagus nerve


14. The blood vessel that bridges above the hilum of the RIGHT lung is the:A. aortic arch C. pulmonary arteryB. azygos arch D. superior vena cava


15. Chest X-ray finding of a patient having difficulty of breathing showed blunting of the costodiaphragmatic angle. If the patient will undergo thoracentesis to evacuate pleural fluid, the physician should insert the needle at the midaxillary line: A. 6th ICS, midclavicular line, superior border of the lower ribB. 7th ICS, posterior axillary line, superior border of the lower ribC. 7th ICS, midaxillary line, inferior border of the upper ribD. 8th ICS, posterior to midaxillary line, inferior border of the upper rib


16. Bronchopulmonary segments are named after their corresponding:A. secondary bronchus C. pulmonary arteryB. tertiary bronchus D. pulmonary veinAnswer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p97

17. What structure does NOT pass through the diaphragmatic opening at T12 level?A. aorta C. esophagusB. azygous vein D. thoracic duct


18. The horizontal fissure of the right lung meets the oblique fissure on which line of orientation ?A. anterior axillary line C. midclavicular lineB. midaxillary line D. right parasternal line


19. On deep inspiration, the tracheal bifurcation descends to which of the following vertebral levels?A. T2 C. T6B. T4 D. T8


20. A drunken man, sitting upright, aspirates a peanut. Into which of the following bronchopulmonary segments would it likely lodge?A. left inferior lingular C. right posterior basal

33

B. left anteromedial basal D. right medialAnswer: C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p93

21. Blood from the pulmonary arteries is eventually drained from the lungs primarily through the:

A. azygos vein C. lymphatic systemB. bronchial vein D. pulmonary vein


24. An intern is trying to elicit the presence of corneal blink reflex on a patient. Which of the following cranial nerves is the afferent arm of this reflex?

A. II C. V B. III D. VII

Answer: C, Clinical Neuroanatomy, Richard S. Snell, 5th Ed., p337

26. A patient with tertiary syphilis has impairment of his sense of orientation and position in space. This is indicative of a damage to the:A. pyramidal tract C. antero-lateral spinothalamic tractB. dorsal column pathway D. corticospinal tract

Answer: B, Clinical Neuroanatomy, Richard S. Snell, 5th Ed., p150

27. Special somatic afferent fibers are found in which of the following cranial nerves?A. II C. VIIIB. VI D IX

Answer: A, Clinical Neuroanatomy, Richard S. Snell, 5th Ed., p332

30. A blind-folded woman was made to guess the letter written on her palm. The second-order neuron of the involved sensory pathway is located at the:A. dorsal horn C. nucleus cuneatusB. fasciculus cuneatus D. nucleus gracilis

Answer: C, Clinical Neuroanatomy, Richard S. Snell, 5th Ed., p150-152

35. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the ileum?A. It has fewer plicae circulares.B. It has fewer mesenteric arterial arcades.C. It has more fat. D. It has shorter vasa recta.

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p243-244

36. Which of the following best describes the inguinal canal?A. It is located parallel and above the lacunar ligament.B. It transmits the iliohypogastric nerve.C. The deep inguinal ring is located lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels.D. The superficial inguinal ring is a defect in the parietal peritoneum.

Answer: C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p172-174

37. The duodenum is identified histologically by the presence of:A. Brunner’s glands C. Paneth cellsB. Goblet cells D. Peyer’s patches

Answer: A, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p318

38. Choose the CORRECT statement about the Hesselbach’s triangle.A. It is the site of indirect inguinal hernia.B. The lateral boundary is formed by the inferior epigastric vessels.C. It transmits the spermatic cord.D. It is found below the inguinal ligament.

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p194-196 Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank Netter, plate 243

39. Which of the following arteries may be eroded in a patient with perforated ulcer on the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum?A. right gastric C. gastroduodenalB. right gastroepiploic D. splenicAnswer: C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p243

41. Which of the following best describes the esophagus?A. It is lined by simple columnar epithelium.

34

B. It is entirely made up of skeletal muscle.C. Mucus secreting glands are found in the lamina propria and submucosa.D. The abdominal portion is covered by adventitia.

Answer: C, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p299

42. The superior mesenteric and splenic veins unite at the region of the head of the pancreas to form the:A. hepatic vein C. portal veinB. azygos vein D. inferior vena cava


43. The superior mesenteric artery was inadvertently cut and ligated. Which of the following structures would NOT be devascularized?A. ascending colon C. descending colonB. jejunum D. appendix


44. At the outpatient clinic, a patient came in with an anal mass. On further examination, bilateral inguinal lymph nodes were palpated. This mass probably originates from which of the following structures?A. rectum C. lower anal canal B. upper anal canal D. sigmoid colon


45. While examining a patient with suspected appendicitis, there was tenderness noted on the right lower quadrant. This tenderness is due to irritation of which of the following structures? A. parietal peritoneum C. mesocolonB. visceral peritoneum D. A & C are correct


46. Which of the following structures arise from the midgut?A. pancreas C. duodenumB. liver D. stomach


47. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the sartorius?A. It roofs over the femoral triangle.B. It crosses both the hip and knee joints.C. It flexes the thigh but not the leg.D. It forms part of the triceps surae muscles.


48. Which tendon of the following muscles is tapped to illicit the knee-jerk reflex?A. quadriceps femoris C. sartoriusB. tibialis anterior D. popliteus


49. A laboratory technician not aware of the gluteal anatomy gave his friend a flu shot at the lower aspect of the right gluteus. Afterwards, his friend noted decreased sensation over the anterolateral aspect of the right leg and foot. Also his right foot was noted to drop and drag to the floor. Which of the nerves was probably injured?A. common peroneal nerve C. sciatic nerveB. tibial nerve D. obturator nerve


50. Which of the following veins is often harvested as grafts for coronary arterial bypass procedures?A. cephalic C. lesser saphenousB. basilic D. great saphenous


51. A 20 year old patient sustains a deep cut on the volar surface of right wrist. Median nerve injury would affect which of the following muscles?A. medial lumbricals C. thenarB. dorsal interossei D. palmar interossei

Answer : C, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p48235

52. Which of the following ligaments is traversed by the needle in performing a lumbar tap?A. posterior longitudinal C. cruciateB. anterior longitudinal D. ligamentum flavum


53. When a person’s neck and trunk are flexed, as in preparation for a spinal tap, the spinous process of C7 becomes visible and it is for this reason that it is called:A. spina bifida C. vertebra prominensB. atlas D. intervertebral disc herniation


54. In patient with fracture of the middle humerus ; the following muscles will be denervated EXCEPT:A. triceps brachii C. extensior digitorum communisB. abductor pollicis brevis D. supinator


55. Which branch of the brachial plexus DOES NOT give off branch(es) to the upper arm and shoulder?A. musculocutaneous nerve C. radial nerveB. ulnar nerve D. circumflex nerve


56. Which of the following muscles of mastication protracts the jaw?A. masseter C. lateral pterygoidB. temporalis D. medial pterygoid


57. Which layer of the scalp contains the muscle responsible for raising the eyebrows in expression of surprise or horror? A. connective tissue C. loose areolar tissueB. aponeurotic layer D. pericranium

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., pp760-761

58. The flexor of the elbow joint found at the lateral fascial compartment of the forearm is:A. brachialis C. triceps brachiiB. brachioradialis D. biceps brachii


59. Midline calcified bodies called corpora arenacea (brain sands) visible on skull radiograph are structures found in which of the following organs?A. Pineal gland C. Hypothalamus

B. Hypophysis D. EpithalamusAnswer: A, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 6th Ed., p421

67. For the “fight, fright, flight” response which of the following cells would secrete epinephrine?A. ganglion cells of the medulla C. chromaffinB. follicular cells of the thyroid D. pinealocytes

Answer: C, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p418-419

69. Which structure/s would most likely be injured if the doctor incorrectly incised the superior half of the tympanic membrane?A. promontory C. cone of lightB. ossicles D. All of the above

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p834-835

70. Which of the following extraocular muscles are weak if a patient has difficulty looking straight down?A. superior oblique - inferior rectusB. medial rectus – superior obliqueC. superior – inferior obliqueD. lateral rectus – inferior oblique


71. Optic nerves are formed by axons of neurons found in the ___ layer of the retina.A. ganglion C. inner nuclearB. outer nuclear D. photoreceptor

Answer: A, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p476

73. Which of the following structures forms part of the vascular coat of the eyeball?A. choroid C. retinaB. conjunctiva D. sclera

Answer: A, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., pp470-472

74. Which of the following nerves subserve/s taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue?A. Vagus C. GlossopharyngealB. Facial D. All of the above


76. Which of the following diameters is the narrowest A-P diameter of the true pelvis?A. obstetric conjugate C. obliqueB. interspinous D. posterior sagittal

Answer: A, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S. Snell, 7th Ed., p334-337

77. Which of the following muscles is NOT incised during a median episiotomy done during vaginal delivery?

A. Bulbocavernosus C. superficial transverse perinealB. external anal sphincter D. ischiocavernosus

Answer: D, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S. Snell, 7th Ed., p438

79. Which of the following structures DOES NOT form the urogenital diaphragm?A. sphincter urethrae muscleB. perineal membraneC. deep transverse perineal muscleD. Colle’s fascia

Answer: D, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p435, p439

85. The modified smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of the afferent arteriole are called:A. macula densa C. juxtaglomerular cellsB. mesangial cells D. juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer: C, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., p394

88. During dissection, M.C. noticed a dilated portion of the spongy urethra. This is the:A. external meatus C. urethral crestB. fossa navicularis D. veromontanum


89. Which of the following is related to the LEFT kidney anteriorly?A. duodenum C. 12th ribB. spleen D. ascending colon

Answer: B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., pp281-283

90. Choose the CORRECT statement regarding the autonomic supply to the bladder.A. Sympathetic fibers come from S2, S3 & S4.B. Parasympathetic innervation promote emptying of the bladder. C. Both A & B D. Neither A nor B


91. Referred pain secondary to stones in the lower two-thirds of the ureter is LEAST likely to be felt in which area?A. Flank C. ThighB. Anterior abdominal wall D. Groin

Answer; B, Clinical Anatomy, Richard S, Snell. 7th Ed., p286

92. Gerota’s fascia(renal fascia) is an effective anatomic barrier which tends to confine pathological processes in the kidney except on which area?A. Superiorly C. Laterally

37

B. Inferiorly D. MediallyAnswer: B, Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank Netter, plate 328

95. Azurophilic granules are only produced in what stage of granulopoiesis?A. myeloblast C. myelocyteB. promyelocyte D. metamyelocyte

Answer: B, Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Junqueira and Carneiro. 10th Ed., pp256-257

1. A high velocity bullet penetrates the posterior aspect of the shoulder and severely injures the origin of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Each of the following nerves might possible be affected EXCEPT the

A. upper subscapular

B. thoracodorsal

C. radial D. medial pectoral

Page 477-480

2. A patient was noted to have atrophy of the temporalis and masseter muscles on one side of the face. His corneal reflex on the affected side was normal and he had no sensory deficit in the cheek area. This patient most probably has a lesion involving the

A. mandibular division of CN V

B. maxillary division of CN V

C. ophthalmic division of CN V

D. terminal branches of CN VII

Page 766-768

3. The following secretions are correctly paired with their cells of origin in every pair EXCEPT

A. glucagon - pancreatic alpha cells

B. intrinsic factor- parietal cells of the stomach

C. insulin - pancreatic beta cells

D. hydrochloric acid - chief cells of the stomach

Page 602-604, 695

10. Tendinous center of the perineum which is an important structure in childbearing women

A. sphincter urethrae muscleB. bulbospongiosusC. transverse perineal muscleD. perineal body

Page 394

Netter 7th editionBloom and Fawcett Textbook of Histology 12th ed

38

(A)1. Neurologic examination of a 37-year old alcoholic man with clumsiness of his right hand revealed poor dorsiflexion of the hand at the wrist. He most likely injured his:

A. median nerveB. brachioradialis nerveC. musculocutaneous nerveD. radial nerve

(A)4. Which of the following statement is true regarding transection of the optic nerve?

A. direct pupillary light reflex would be unaffectedB. the affected eye will be blindC. there would be bitemporal hemianopsiaD. consensual light reflex would be lost on the affected eye

®5. Which of the following reflexes is a monosynaptic reflex?A. Achilles reflexB. pupillary light reflexC. corneal reflexD. extensor plantar reflex

(I)7. Which of the following blood vessels would be most likely involved in patient showing homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing?

A. internal carotid arteryB. posterior cerebral arteryC. middle cerebral arteryD. anterior cerebral artery

®8. Which of the following statements is true of the middle cerebral artery?A. it supplies the occipital and posterior portion of the temporal lobeB. it is the continuation of the internal carotid arteryC. it supplies the portion of the motor cortex corresponding to the legsD. it gives rise to the medial striate artery

®9. Which of the following centers is located in the frontal lobe?A. Broca’s speech areaB. Wernike’s speech areaC. primary visual areaD. primary auditory area

(I)13. Above the arcuate line, the aponeurosis of this muscle splits to form the rectus sheath:

A. external obliqueB . internal oblique C. transversus abdominisD. rectus abdominis

®21. The common boundary between the true and false pelvis is theA. sacroiliac jointB. symphysis pubisC. anterior superior spineD. iliopectineal line

®25. Which of the following amino acids is needed by the epidermal melanocytes to produce melanin?

A. valineB. tyrosineC. phenylalanineD. tryptophan

®27. The common sweat gland is structurally classified asA. simple acinarB. simple tubularC. simple coiled tubularD. simple branched tubular

®30. The interatrial communication in the fetus through which caval blood is shunted to the left atrium

A. foramen ovaleB. fossa ovalisC. ductus venosusD. sinus venosus

39

®31. It divides the atrium into a sinus venosus and auricleA. atrial septumB. musculo pectiniC. crista terminalsD. tricuspid valve

®33. The visceral pericardium is also called the A. epicardium B. endocardium C. myocardium D. fibrous pericardium

®34. Which of the following cardiac tissues has the slowest conduction velocity?A. SA nodeB. AV nodeC. Purkinje fibersD. ventricular muscle fibers

®35. Valves are present inA. capillariesB. medium caliber veinsC. lymphatic ductsD. venules

®38. The most active site for hemopoiesis in adultsA. femurB. hip bonesC. skull bonesD. tibia

®39. T Lymphocyte differentiation occurs in the A. bone marrowB. lymph nodeC. thymusD. bursa equivalent in man

®40 The structure which is NOT composed of lymphoid tissueA. tonsilsB. appendices epiploicae C. lymph nodeD. spleen

®41. Which of the following cells are responsible for antibody production? A. lymphocyteB. macrophageC. monocyteD.plasma cell

®44. The Hassal’s corpuscles of the thymus consist ofA. densely packed T-lymphocytesB. concentric layers of epitheloid reticular cellsC. clusters of multinucleated macrophagesD. immature blood cells

(I)45. The most active mobile leukocyte of the bodyA. basophilB. eosinophilC. neutrophilD. macrophage

®47. The epithelial lining of the pulmonary alveoliA. simple squamousB. simple columnarC. stratrified squamous non-keratinizedD. pseudostratified columnar ciliated

®53. The motor nerve supply of the diaphragm is derived fromA. vagus nerveB. long thoracic nerveC. thoracodorsal nerve D. phrenic nerve

(A)57. The midgut loop normally herniates through the primitive umbilical ring into the extraembryonic coelom during week 6 of development. Failure of the intestinal loops to return to the abdominal cavity by week 11 results in the formation of

A. omphalocoeleB. anal agenesis

40

C. ileal diverticulumD. intestinal stenosis

®59. The pharynx joins with the esophagus at the level ofA. C3B. C4C. C5D. C6

®60. The valves of Houston are found in the A. ileocecal junctionB. rectum C. pylorusD. ascending colon

(A)61. A 40 year old male sustained from a motor vehicular accident resulting to fracture of the 9th to the 11th ribs left posterior. He is in hypovolemic shock.The most likely organ injured is the

A. stomachB. liverC. spleenD. pancreas

(A)63. A 30 year old female with history of 2 weeks fever developed peritonitis and was diagnosed as Typhoid Fever with perforation. The organ involved is the

A. stomachB. duodenumC. jejunumD. ileum

(I)65. The esophagus is related to which portion of the heart?A. right atriumB. left atriumC. right ventricleD. left ventricle

®66. The vein of Mayo is the anatomical landmark demarcating the A. esophagus and stomachB. stomach and duodenumC. duodenum and jejunumD. sigmoid and rectum

®67. The external hemorrhoidal plexus drains into the A. pudendal veinB. internal iliac veinC. middle rectal veinD. superior rectal vein

®68. Which is closely related to the fundus of the stomach?A. jejunumB. ileumC. sigmoidD. spleen

®69. The gastro-duodenal artery is a branch of theA. right gastro-epiploic B. hepaticC. superior mesentericD. splenic

®71. As one proceeds outward from the renal medulla, the three separate functional layers of the adrenal cortex, in correct order, are

A. zona reticularis, zona fasciculata then zona glomerulosaB. zona fasciculata, zona reticularis then zona glomerulosaC. zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata then zona reticularisD. zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis then zona fasciculate

®72. The normal kidney of an average-sized adult man weighs approximatelyA. 150 gms B. 300 gmsC. 600 gmsD. 1,200 gms

®73. The location of the narrowest portion of the ureterA. ureteropelvic junctionB. across the iliac vesselsC. ureterovessical junctionD. upper third

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®75. The main blood supply of the prostate gland is theA. uperior prostatic arteryB. median vesical artery C. inferior vesical arteryD. superior vesical artery

(A)76. A 28 year old man sustained a pelvic fracture due to a motorcycle accident. Which portion of the urethra was most likely injured?

A. prostatic urethra B. membranous urethraC. bulbous urethraD. penile urethra

®77. The motor nerves supplying the urinary bladder come mostly fromA. parasympathetic nervesB. pelvic nervesC. pudendal nervesD. sympathetic nerves

®79. The Darto’s layer beneath the skin of the penis is continuous with the superficial layer of the anterior abdominal wall fascia called the

A. fascia lata B. camper’s fasciaC. buck’s fasciaD. scarpa’s fascia

®80. The dull whitish connective tissue covering of the ovary is calledA. tunica albugineaB. theca externa C. zona pellucidaD. corona radiata

®82. The right ovarian vein drains into theA. right renal veinB. hypogastric veinC. inferior vena cavaD. common iliac vein

®83. Lymphatics from the vulva drain into theA. hypogastric nodesB. inguinal nodesC. para-aortic nodesD. common iliac nodes

®85. The layer of endometrium that remains to regenerate after menstruationA. compact layerB. spongy layerC. functional layerD. basal layer

®88. The male homologue of the Gartner’s duct of femalesA. epididymisB. inguinal ligamentC. gubernaculum testisD. vas deferens

(I)89. Which of the following statements concerning the development of the reproductive system in the female is correct?

A. the clitoris is analogous to the penisB. the urethral folds fail to fuseC. the urethral folds form the labia minoraD. All of the above

®92. Fructose, a source of energy for the spermatozoa, is primarily present in the secretions of

A. seminal vesicleB. epididymisC. bulbourethral glandD. vas deferens

®97. In which bone is the inner ear located?A. sphenoidB. temporalC. parietalD. occipital

®98. Regarding the tympanic cavity, which of the following statements is/are true? A. an airfilled space in the petrous portion of the temporal bone

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B. communicates with the pharynx via the eustachian tubeC. houses the incus, malleus and stapesD. All of the above

®99. All are supplied by the oculomotor nerve, EXCEPTA. superior rectusB. medial rectusC. inferior obliqueD. lateral rectus

®100. The inability to focus horizontally or vertically is a problem inherent to theA. corneaB. lensC. vitreous humorD. retina

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anatomy questions

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