ANATOMY QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following cell structure is capable of self-generated movement?

a. Endoplasmic c. Cilia b. Mitochondria d. Golgi apparatus

2. Slender extension of the plasma membrane that increased the surface area for absorption

a. Mitochondria c. Microfilamentsb. Microtubules d. Microvili

3. The random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called

a. Diffusion c. Facilitated b. Exocytosis d. Active transport

4. The centrosome contains

a. Endoplasmic reticulum c. Centriolesb. Cilia d. Flagella

5. Within a cell, the flexible lattice supports organelles and is involved in movement is called the

a. Endoplasmic reticulum c. Golgi appratusb. Cytoskeleton d. Spindle

6. The major bone at the posterior part of the base of the skull is the

a. Sphenoid c. Temporalb. Occipital d. Lacrimal

7. Which of the following is not a component of the axial skeleton?

a. Sacrum c. Sternumb. Patella d. Vertebra

8. A prominent ridge or border on the surface of a bone is a

a. Condyle c. Headb. Crest d. Line

9. Unlike other vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae have

a. Facets for rib attachment c. Tuberosityb. Pedicles d. Transverse processes

10. The hard palate is made up of the

a. Lacrimal bone c. Zygomatic boneb. Ethmoid bone d. Maxillae and palatine bones

11. The period after a contraction when a muscle fiber cannot respond to a stimulus

a. Depolarization period c. Refractory period

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b. Isotonic period d. Relaxation phase

12. Energy to move myosin heads during muscle contraction comes directly from

a. ATP c. Glucoseb. DNA d. Lactic

13. The ions that bind to the troponin complex during muscle contraction are:

a. Sodium ions c. Magnesium ions b. Potassium ions d. ATPase

14. During muscle contraction, the

a. A bands shorten c. Z lines shortensb. I bands lengthen d. A bands lengthen

15. The type of muscle contraction in which the muscle develops tension but does not change length

a. Trepan c. Isotonic contractionb. Isometric contraction d. Titanic contraction

16. Which of the following is/ are not part of the peripheral nervous system?

a. Cranial nerves c. Gangliab. Spinal nerves d. Spinal cord

17. A progressive degeneration of myelin sheaths in neutrons of the brain and spinal cord is called

a. Myasthenia gravis c. Parkinson’s diseaseb. Multiple sclerosis d. Huntington’s disease

18. The simplest neuronal circuit is thea. Feedback circuit c. Two-neuron circuitb. Parallel circuit d. Three-neuron circuit

19. The major functions of the spinal cord include

a. Linking the brain with most of the bodyb. Its involvement in spinal reflex actionsc. Its autonomic motor functionsd. A and B

20. The spinal cord and the roots of its nerves are protected by

a. The flexible body vertebral columnb. The ligamentum flavum and the posterior longitudinal ligamentc. The spinal meningesd. All of the above

21. Which of the following body parts have No pain receptors?

a. Lungs c. Intestinesb. Brain d. B and C

22. Which of the following help the body deal with changes in position and acceleration?

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a. Utricle c. Semicircular ductsb. Saccute d. All of the above

23. Which of the following is NOT a skeletal muscle of the eye?

a. Ciliary muscle c. Lalteral rectus b. Medial rectus d. Superior oblique

24. Gustatory cells are

a. Bipolar neurons c. Unipolar neurons b. Multipolar neurons d. Epithelial cells

25. Alkaloids excite gustatory hairs at the

a. Tip of the tongue c. Circumvallate papillaeb. Back of the tongue d. Fungiform papillae

26. The kidney’s function in all of the following ways except

a. Acid base balance c. By removing metabolic wastesb. As endocrine organs d. By removing excess carbon dioxide

27. A glomerulus is

a. The same as the renal corpuscleb. The same as the uriniferous tubulec. The same as the nephrond. Capillaries

28. Approximately what percentage of the cardiac output goes to the kidneys?

a. 5 percent c. 20 percentb. 10 percent d. 30 percent

29. Renin is a (n)

a. Enzyme c. Polypeptideb. Hormone d. A and B

30. The rate of glomerular filtration depends on

a. The effective filtration pressureb. The total surface area available for filtrationc. The capillary permeabilityd. A and B

31. Which of the following is NOT a type of granulocyte?

a. Basophile c. Neutrophilb. Eosinophil d. Polymorph

32. Erythrocytes are derived form bone marrow stem cells called

a. Hemocytoblasts c. Promyelocytesb. Megakaryoblasts d. Granulocytes

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33. A person with blood type A can safely receive

a. Type A blood c. Type AB blood b. Type O blood d. A and B

34. The short life span of erythrocytes is due to their

a. Shapeb. Large surface area for gas diffusionc. Lack of nucleus and many organelles such as mitochondriad. Ability to divide by mitosis

35. Which would lead to increased erythropoiesis?

a. Chronic bleeding ulcerb. Reduction in respiratory ventilationc. Decreased level of physical activityd. Reduced blood flow to the kidneys

36. The outermost layer of the heart is called the

a. Endocardium c. Myocardiumb. Epicardium d. Visceral pericardium

37. The part of the serous pericardium that lines the outer portion of the pericardial sac is called the

a. Endocardium c. Myocardiumb. Epicardium d. Visceral pericardium

38. Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the

a. Right ventricle c. Right atriumb. Left ventricle d. Left atrium

39. Which of the following valves allows deoxygenated blood to enter the pulmonary artery?

a. Atrioventricular c. Pulmonary semilunar valveb. Aortic semilunar d. Tricuspid valve

40. Which of the following depolarizes next after the AV node?

a. Atrial myocardium c. Bundle branchesb. Ventricular myocardium d. AV bundle

41. In comparing a parallel artery and vein, you would find that

a. The artery wall is thicker c. The artery lumen is smallerb. The artery diameter is greater d. The artery endothelium is thicker

42. The great arteries that emerge from the heart are often called

a. Major arteries c. Trunks b. Aortas d. Arterioles

43. Which of the following tunicas contain connective tissue and smooth muscle cells?

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a. Tunica intima c. Tunica adventitiab. Tunica media d. A and B

44. Which type of capillary has walls made up of one continuous endothelial cells?a. Sinusoids c. Fenestrated b. Continuous d. Arteriole

45. Veins that do NOT carry deoxynated blood are

a. Pulmonary veins c. Hypophyseal veins b. Hepatic veins d. A and B

46. The major hormone affecting the metabolic rate is

a. Thyroxine c. Calcitoninb. Parathormone d. TSH

47. The release of hormones from the adenohypophysis is controlled by secretions of the

a. Adrenal medulla c. Hypothalamusb. Kidneys d. Posterior pituitary

48. The part of the pituitary that contains secretory cells is the

a. Anterior lobe c. Posterior lobeb. Infundibulum d. Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system

49. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by the

a. Adrenal cortex c. Adrenal medullab. Pancreatic islets d. Anterior pituitary

50. Which of the following is not secreted by the adenohypophysis?

a. ACTH c. MSHb. ADH d. FSH

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Answer

1. C 26. D2. D 27. A3. A 28. D4. C 29. A5. A 30. D6. B 31. D7. B 32. A8. B 33. D9. A 34. C10. D 35. D11. C 36. B12. A 37. D13. A 38. D14. D 39. C15. B 40. D16. C 41. A17. B 42. C18. A 43. B19. D 44. B20. D 45. A21. D 46. A22. D 47. C23. D 48. B24. C 49. C25. D 50. B

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