analysis of water resources management strategies for the santa ana river watershed region: reuse,...

Analysis of Water Resources Management Strategies for the Santa Ana River Watershed Region:Reuse, Recharge, Use Efficiency

Nathan AdamsHeather AllenAmy BurgardCourtney DietzPo Chi FungKarl Rittger

Advisors: Dr. Arturo Keller and Dr. Robert Wilkinson

DONALD BREN SCHOOL OFENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENTUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA

Presentation Overview

Opportunity Significance Background & Baseline Results Recommendations

SARW = Santa Ana River Watershed

Headwaters of the Santa Ana River

Opportunity

Source: CA State Water Plan, 2005

Statewide Potential Water Suppliesvia Eight Water Resource Management Strategies

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Mill

ion

Acr

e-F

eet

Per

Yea

r

High Estimate

Low Estimate

3.1

2.0 1.4

Goals Use Local & Regional UWMPs to establish

baseline demand & supply projections Identify the potential for alternative water

management strategies in the region. Analyze future water resources scenarios for the

region. Identify barriers to implementation of strategies.

SARW Region - Overview

Significance

Potentially increase local water reliance in the SARW Region by:

Reducing Demand Increasing Local Supply

Water Use Efficiency

AFY AFY

Water Reuse & Recharge

Source: MWD RUWMP, 2005

Demand Drivers

SARW Region Population Projections 2005-2025

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

2006 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

Fullerton

Santa Ana

Anaheim

Eastern

Western

IEUA

MWDOC

SARW Region Population Growth % Projections 2005-2025

9%4%

54%

24%

9%

30%

40%

14%

0%

20%

40%

60%

SARW Region Eastern Western IEUA MWDOC Anaheim Fullerton Santa Ana

% G

row

th 2

005-

2025

SARW Region Demand

Source: MWD RUWMP, 2005.

SARW Region Baseline Total Demand Projections by Sector

790,200838,800

891,500 948,800

754,100

0

250,000

500,000

750,000

1,000,000

2006 2010 2015 2020 2025

AF

Y

Single-Family Multi-Family CII LossesAgriculture GW Recharge Sea Barrier

SARW Region Supply

Source: EMWD, IEUA, MWDOC, WMWD and Cities of Anaheim, Fullerton, Santa Ana UWMP, 2005.

SARW Region Total Baseline Supply Projections 2005-2025

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

AF

Y

Imported Supplies Local Supplies

Alternative Future Scenarios

Demand Scenarios Baseline – MWD Projections Pacific Institute Efficiency Evapotranspiration (ET) Controller California Appropriate Landscapes (CALscapes)

Supply Scenarios Baseline – Regional UWMP Projections 75% Maximum Reuse / Baseline Recharge 75% Maximum Reuse / Maximum Recharge 95% Maximum Reuse / Maximum Recharge

WASEMWAter Scenario Evaluation Model

Facilitates developing and assessing water demand & supply scenario options

Model used for the State Water Plan 2005

Focus on Water Use Efficiency for the Region

Formation of Demand Scenarios

SectorWater conservation

strategiesMWD Baseline

Scenario Pacific Institute

Efficiency ScenarioET Controller

Scenario CALscape Scenario

Indoor Residential Use

Replace all inefficient appliances and fixtures

11% 32.5% 35.2% 35.2%

Outdoor Residential Use

Improved landscape maintenance and management with efficient irrigation

technologies

0% 27.5% 40.0% 77.0%

Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Use (CII)

Use of cost-effective water use practice and

technology7% 32.5% 37.1% 37.1%

WASEM Demand Projections

CALscape Demand Scenario in 2025 results in: Reduction from baseline = 525,132 AF or 27%

Total Demand - Scenario Projections

1,000,000

1,250,000

1,500,000

1,750,000

2,000,000

2006 2010 2015 2020 2025

To

tal D

em

an

d (

AF

Y)

Baseline Demand Pacific Institute ET-Controllers CALscape

27%

Source: AGWA, 2000

Supply Options - Groundwater Recharge

Groundwater currently comprises 36% of total water supply for the SARW Region.

Groundwater Yield & Potential Increase with Conjunctive Use for the SARW Region

832,300

1,019,300

0

250,000

500,000

750,000

1,000,000

Current Operational SafeYield

Safe Yield WithConjunctive Use

Acr

e-F

eet

Supply Options - Reuse

Non-potable reuse Landscape irrigation Agricultural irrigation Industrial cooling Toilet flushing Wetlands enhancement

Indirect potable reuse Recharge groundwater aquifers Surface water reservoir augmentation

Recycled Water Scenarios in 2025

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

2025

AF

Y

Baseline Recycling Scenario

75% Max Recycling Scenario


Supply Scenario ResultsComparison of Alternative Supply Scenarios to Baseline Supply Scenario

- Normal Year -

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

To

tal S

up

ply

(A

FY

)

Baseline Supply Scenario 75% Max Recycling + Baseline Recharge Scenario

75% Max Recycling + Max Recharge Scenario Max Local Supplies Scenario

11%

Max Local Supplies Scenario in 2025 results in: Increase over baseline = 260,000 AF or 11%

Reduction in Demand (CALscape Demand Scenario)

525,000 AF

+Increase Local Supplies

(Max Local Supplies Scenario)

260,000 AF

=785,000 AF

Potential Reduction in Imports

Approach to Reducing Imports

Scenarios Baseline Demand

Pacific Institute

SARW Region - ET Controller

SARW Region - CALscapes

Baseline Supply - 330 403 525

75% Max Reuse + Baseline Recharge 45 375 448 570

75% Max Reuse + Maximum Recharge 195 525 598 720

Maximum Local Supplies 260 590 663 785

Potential Decrease of Imported Supplies by Scenario (TAF)


Pacific Institute



Baseline Supply -

75% Max Reuse + Baseline Recharge

75% Max Reuse + Maximum Recharge

Maximum Local Supplies



Pacific Institute









Pacific Institute








SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- Baseline Demand + Baseline Supply Scenario -

36% 64%

Imported Local Supplies


Pacific Institute



Baseline Supply

75% Max Reuse + Baseline Recharge 375




SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- Pacific Institute Demand Scenario + 75%

Reuse/Baseline Recharge Supply Scenario -

77%23%



Pacific Institute



Baseline Supply


75% Max Reuse + Maximum Recharge 598



SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- ET Controller Demand Scenario + 75% Reuse/Max Recharge Supply Scenario -

88%

12%



Pacific Institute









Pacific Institute



Baseline Supply



Maximum Local Supplies 785


SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- CALscape Demand Scenario + Max Local

Supply Scenario -

97%

3%


0%

20%

40%

60%

100% 100%

80%

20%

40%

60%

80%

0%

Baseline Demand + Baseline Supply Scenario

64%

36%

Baseline Scenario

Pacific Institute Demand + 75% Reuse/Baseline Recharge Supply Scenario

77%

23%

Pacific Institute Demand + 75% Reuse/Baseline Recharge Supply Scenario

88%

12%

ET Controller Demand + 75% Reuse/Max Recharge Supply Scenario

ET Controller Demand + 75% Reuse/Max Recharge Supply Scenario

CALscapes Demand + Maximum Supply Scenario

97%

3%

CALscapes Demand + Maximum Supply Scenario

% Local Supplies % Imported Supplies

2025

Maximizing Local Reliance Potential to reduce imports to 3% of total

projected supply in 2025.

Reduction of ~785,000 Acre-Feet of imported water through water Reuse, Recharge, & Use Efficiency management strategies.

Barriers Cost

Costs to develop & implement strategies

Land Use Planning Planning for Purple Pipe

Capitalizing on the Opportunities Education/Awareness

Benefits Reliability $1B in avoided costs Enhancement of local

ecosystems Improvement in local and coastal water quality Reduction of impacts to the Colorado River & SF Bay Delta

Cumulative Avoided Costs of Importing Water into the SARW Region by 2025

$0

$250

$500

$750

$1,000

$1,250

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

$ (

Mill

ion

s)

Cumulative Avoided Costs

Colorado River Aqueduct & State Water Project Supplies for MWD

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

Source: MWD 2005 RUWMP

Ac

re F

ee

t/Y

ea

r (A

FY

)

Colorado River Aqueduct

State Water Project

Source: DWR State Water Plan Update 2005

Recommendations Maximize cost-effective urban water use

efficiency technologies & programs Maximize the capture & recharge of stormwater Maximize reuse opportunities Increase regional cooperation between water

agencies

Special thanks to… Our Client: Stephanie Barger, Earth Resources Foundation Dr. Arturo Keller Dr. Bob Wilkinson Dr. John Melack Dr. Mike McGinnis Dr. David Groves Martha Davis, IEUA Rick Whetsel & Peter Vitt, SAWPA The Bren School Faculty and Staff

Thank You!QUESTIONS? COMMENTS?

[email protected]

Case Studies Reuse

Inland Empire Utilities Agency Marin County Water Authority Los Angeles County Sanitation District

Recharge Association of Groundwater Agencies (AGWA) OCWD’s Groundwater Replenishment Project United Water Conservation District in Santa Paula

Use Efficiency Irvine Ranch Water District’s study on Smart Irrigation Controllers Southern Nevada Water Agency’s Xeriscape Program Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s Dual Flush Toilet

Project

Project Approach Background Research

Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs)

2005 State Water Plan Case Studies

Successful strategies Barriers to implementation Solutions to overcome barriers

Formulation of Scenarios Presentation of Scenarios

Demand Supply

RecommendationsIdeas to achieve these

Alternative Futures

Identification & Evaluation of Alternative Futures

Baseline Information

What is the “future” as planned?

How will this “future” incorporate water reuse,

recharge, & use efficiency strategies?

How the Imported Water is Distributed

Source: DWR State Water Plan Update 2005

Wholesaler

Wholesaler

Retailer

- State Water Project -SF Bay Delta

- Colorado River Aqueduct -Colorado River

Metropolitan Water District of Southern California

(MWD)

Member Agency Water Districts within

SARW Region

Local Municipalities&

Water Purveyors

Presentation of Scenarios

SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- CALscape Scenario + Max Local Supply Scenario -

55%

2%

23%

17%

3% 97%

Groundwater Groundwater Reclaimed Recycled Surface Imported

SARW Region Resource Mix - 2025- Baseline -

36% 2%

13%

13%

36% 64%

Groundwater Groundwater Reclaimed Recycled Surface Imported (MWD)

Presentation of ScenariosSARW Region Resource Mix - 2005-2025

- Baseline -

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

AF

Y

Imported Total Local Supplies

SARW Region Resource Mix - 2005-2025- CALscape Scenario + Max Local Supply Scenario -

-

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

AF

Y

Imported Total Local Supplies

Demand Driver: Single Family HousesSARW Region Single Family House Growth % from 2006-2030

10.7%1.2%

76.7%

60.5%50.3%

2.6% 3.1%

31.8%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Anaheim Fullerton MWDOC SantaAna

Eastern Western IEUA SARWRegion

SF

Ho

me

% G

rwo

th 2

00

6-2

03

0

SARW Region Single Family House Projections 2006-2030

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2006 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

SF

Ho

us

es

Anaheim

Fullerton

MWDOC

Santa Ana

Eastern

Western

IEUA



Supply Options - ReuseRecycled Water Scenarios

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

AF

Y

Baseline Recycling Scenario



analysis of water resources management strategies for the santa ana river watershed region: reuse,...

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