ana seke advisor, climate change unit ministry of environment and spatial planning the republic of...
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Ana SekeAdvisor, Climate Change Unit
Ministry of Environment and Spatial PlanningThe Republic of Serbia
“Energy Crisis and Climate Change – Challenges for Politics and Business in South East Europe”Evangelische Akademie Tutzing, 28 March 2009.
Serbia
Enhancing Energy Efficiency and use of Renewable Energy Sources
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Outline
•Introduction•Legal Framework•Basic information – The Kyoto Protocol•Energy efficiency/ Renewable energy resources•CDM/ PoA•Case study•Conclusion
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Legal Framework
• Law on Environmental Protection (2004) • Law on Strategic Environmental Assessment• Law on Environmental Impact Assessment
Strategies • Sustainable development strategy• The Agriculture strategy• Forestry development strategy • Waste Strategy
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•Strategy on waste management which will be finished by end of April 2009.
•National CDM Strategy for agriculture, waste and forestry sector
Legal regulation under preparation
In Parliament procedure is set of 15 laws on Environmental Issue including:
• Amendments to the Law on Environmental Protection
•Law on Air Protection
•Law on Waste Management
•Law on Spatial planning, construction land and construction of structures
Basic information – The Kyoto Protocol
• Non-Annex I country – eligible for CDM Projects
• DNA is established by Governmental Decision (No 02-2099/2008-1) on June 5th, 2008
• The Agreement on Establishment of the National Authority for Implementation of Projects under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol as the Designated National Authority of the Republic of Serbia was signed by relevant Ministers on July 30th 2008
• DNA members are nominated representative of the ministry responsible for sectors of agriculture, economy, environment, energy, finances, forestry, infrastructure, mining, regional development, spatial planning, water management.
• DNA Secretariat is within Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning
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Carbon saving potential:
Energy saving - 65%Biomass - 12%Wind - 7%Waste - 6%Hydro - 4%LULUCF - 3%Geothermal - 3%
Energy saving potential
BiomassHydro
WindGeothermal
Waste sector
LULUCF
Sector Sub-sector
Carbon potential per year kt CO2
Energy saving potential per sector
Industry
Transport
Buildings
12 500
Renewable energy
SHPP
Biomass
Solar
Wind
Geothermal
5050
Waste sector+ Manure treatment
410+ 800
LULUCF Sector
500
Total ~ 19 300
Energy efficiency/ Renewable energy resources
Table: Summary of carbon potentials (Source: CDM Portfolio,
Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea, May 2007)
Waste sector
Total waste collected - 2 200 000 t/year
Average communal waste mass – 0.80kg/cap/day (290 kg/cap/ year)
Packaging waste volume - 550000 t/year
Approximately about 460 000 t/year of hazardous industrial and medical waste is generated
Communal waste is collected by Public communal enterprises
Communal waste is disposed to sites without previous treatment
Although recycling of waste is prescribed by law, it is not functioning in practice
There is no waste incinerator plants
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Manure
• Livestock farming and crop production – traditional• Farms: large scale pig farm and dairy operations (about 80%)• Medium and small scale pig farms• No operational facilities for biogas production
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Farm Type of Animals
Headcount Methane emissions
tCH4/yr
GHG EmissionstCO2e/yr
Neoplanta Pigs 150,000 2,577 54,119PKB Cattle 22,000 3,023 63,500Napredak Pigs 30,000 150 10,824Dragan Markovic Pigs 22,469 386 8,107Vizelj Pigs 17,109 293 6,137Pantomarket Stocar Cattle 1,700 233 4,907Kovacevic Cattle 1,200 164 3,469Kuc Company Cattle 1,000 137 2,886Klanica Divci Cattle 2,000 274 5,773Pepu Pork Pigs 9,650 165 3,482PIK Bicej Pigs 56,000 280 5,880
Table 3. Large farms with potential for development of CDM projects
Forestry sector
• 65% of land is covered by forests• 52,64% is privately owned • About 200 000 hectares of state-owned
land need to be reforested
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Figure: Forest cover by districts
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20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
1955-60
1961-65
1966-70
1971-75
1976-80
1981-85
1986-90
1991-95
1995-00
2001-06
Period
Hectares
Central Serbia Vojvodina Kosovo Total
Figure: Afforestation of barren terrain in the period 1955-2006
CDM/ PoA
National CDM strategy for agriculture, forestry and waste sector
Aim:
to identify and assess potential projects which can be implemented as CDM projects or through national funding
Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, together with the Ministry of Agriculture, Water management and Forestry: agriculture, forestry and waste sector.
Ministry of Mining and Energy: energy sector.
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Potential area for CDM/ PoA
Based on Call for ideas & National CDM strategy potential areas for CDM/ PoA are:
Street-lighting Landfills Afforestation and reforestation Small hydropower plants (SHPP) Brick industry Building/ construction
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Project title: ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN STREET LIGHTING – CENTRAL SERBIAN REGION
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Location: Municipalities: Cacak, Ivanjica, Uzice, and Pozega.
Project description: This project activity comprises the replacement nearly 16 000 obsolesced mercury bulbs with sodium ones in four neighboring municipalities. That would decrease energy consumption by 46% in average and reduce cost for maintenance due to three times longer lifetime period of sodium bulbs. GHG emission reductions would be achieved through electricity savings.
GHG offset: 6 000 tCO2e/ year.Investments cost: Estimated investment costs for bulbs, lumps and replacement are 1 728 000 €, annual savings are 374 100 €. As a result, payback period is 4 to 5 years.
Project partner: Municipalities that are included in project activity.Note: Despite high investments, payback period is acceptable and estimated considering present relatively low price of electricity.
Project title: PROJECT ACTIVITY – GHG EMISSIONS REDUCTION THROUGH LFG FLARING
Location: Municipalities of Užice, Požega and Čačak
Project description: Project damp sites are located in Central Serbia, of which Užice and Požega in Zlatibor District and Čačak in Morava District. These dump sites do not meet technical requirements of sanitary landfills. There is no previous treatment of MSW or implemented measures for the protection of environment.
GHG offset: 140 000 tCO2e in total
Investments cost: approx. 1 million €
Project partner: Municipalities of Užice, Požega and Čačak and Local Public, Utility Companies
A way forward …
• Procedure for project approval exists
• CDM website containing all information for CDM projects application and approval
• Opportunity for small-size projects and PoA
• A special fund to support the investment cost of some potential CDM projects
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Contact information
DNA Secretariat Climate Change UnitDepartment for International Cooperation, EuropeanIntegrations and Harmonization of LegislationsMinistry of Environment and Spatial PlanningOmladinskih brigada 1 Str.11 070 Novi BeogradTel: +381 11 3131 355, +381 11 2603736Fax: +381 11 3131 355Email: [email protected] [email protected] www.ekoplan.gov.rs
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!