an overview of radon measurements in workplaces in … documents... · 2016. 6. 14. · 9 indoor...

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AN OVERVIEW OF RADON MEASUREMENTS IN

WORKPLACES IN CROATIA

Vanja Radolić

Laboratory for Low-level Radioactivity

Department of Physics

University of Osijek

Croatia

IAEA Workshop TC Project RER/9/136 9001 01,

Tallinn, Estonia, 23-27 May 2016.

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CONTENT

• Indoor radon measurements in homes in Croatia

• Indoor radon in public buildings - kindergartens and

schools

• Radon in soil gas – GRP construction

• Radon in spas

• Radon in caves

• Conclusions



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LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RADON MEASUREMENTS

IAEA Workshop TC Project RER/9/136 9001

01, Tallinn, Estonia, 23-27 May 2016.

Existing legislation dealling with radon issue

• Act on radiological and nuclear safety (OG 141/13)

• Ordinance on the monitoring of the radioactivity status in theenvironment (OG 89/13) – paragraph 18: about radon measurements inhomes and workplaces

• Ordinance on the limits of exposure (OG 59/13) – paragraph 22, items1&2: deals with recommended values for radon in existing and newly builtbuildings as well as for workplaces; item 3 introduces conversion factors forradon and its short-lived progeny based on ICRP 65 Publication

• Ordinance on the authorization of expert technical services to carry outprofessional tasks of protection against ionising radiation (72/11) –paragraphs 2-6: regulate the conditions for the authorization of expert technicalservices for radon measurements

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INDOOR RADON MEASUREMENTS IN CROATIA – 2015.

IWEANR 2015, Verbania, 10-13 November

2015.

GEOLOGICAL MAP OF CROATIA



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• two different geological regions:

• north of the Sava River (shades of yellow) -> Pannonian Basin (igneous, metamorphic and clastic sedimentary rocks spanning stratigraphically from the Precambrium to the Quaternary)

• south of the Sava River (shades of blue and green) -> Dinarides(carbonate sedimentary rocks of the Mesozoic age).

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INDOOR RADON MEASUREMENTS IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN CROATIA



PERFORMED

ONGOING

PLANNED IN 2016.

KINDERGARTENS AND SCHOOLS

K: 10

S: 26

K: 17

S: 73

K: 87

S: 117

K: 18

S: 70

K: 32

S: 109

K: 17

S: 130

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RADON MEASUREMENT PROTOCOL

Radon in the Environment 2015, Krakow,

25-29 May 2015.

• Track etched detectors - LR-115 II (strippable)

• A year long exposures,

• KINDERGARTENS AND SCHOOLS

• kindergartens: detectors placed in all rooms occupied bychildren

• schools: detectors placed in selected rooms evenly across thesectional view of the ground plan (in classrooms, cabinets, libraries, staff rooms) at all level of occupancy

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Lika – Senj County Karlovac County

K S K S

Number of exposed detectors 41 134 88 334

Number of collected detectors 39 123 82 285

Percentage of lost detectors 4.9% 8.2% 6,8% 14,7%

AM / Bq m-3 318 317 228 304

SD / Bq m-3 296 300 271 367

Median / Bq m-3 199 220 107 159

GM / Bq m-3 217 200 132 180

GSD 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.7

MIN – MAX / Bq m-3 57-1078 15-1492 27-1125 27-1738

Percentage of kindergartens and schools where the average radon is

<100 Bq m-3 30.0% 11.5% 47.1% 21.3%

100 – 300 Bq m-3 40.0% 38.5% 23.5% 53.3%

300 – 1000 Bq m-3 30.0% 50.0% 29.4% 20.0%

>1000 Bq m-3 0% 0% 0% 5.3%


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Istria County

Požega - Slavonia

County

K S K S

Number of exposed detectors 302 630 61 302

Number of collected detectors 277 562 60 281

Percentage of lost detectors 8.3% 10.8% 1.7% 7.0%

AM / Bq m-3 181 208 96 147

SD / Bq m-3 169 239 60 164

Median / Bq m-3 134 113 75 86

GM / Bq m-3 129.3 130.2 81.8 98.6

GSD 2.3 2.6 1.8 2.4

MIN – MAX / Bq m-3 16 - 1288 11 - 1377 29 – 277 8 - 1024

Percentage of kindergartens and schools where the average radon is

<100 Bq m-3 41.0% 42.7% 55.6% 36.2%

100 – 300 Bq m-3 43.5% 36.3% 44.4% 46.4%

300 – 1000 Bq m-3 15.1% 18.3% 0% 17.4%

>1000 Bq m-3 0.4% 2.7% 0% 0%


RADON IN SOIL GAS – measurement technique


01, Tallinn, Estonia, 23-27 May 2016.10

SOIL PERMEABILITY – RADON JOK



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GRP CONSTRUCTION



��

�� 10

GRP < 10 -> LOW

10 < GRP < 35 -> MEDIUM

GRP > 35 -> HIGH

CONDITION CLASS DESCRIPTION

GRP < 5 1 VERY LOW

5 ≤ GRP < 10 2 LOW

10 ≤ GRP < 22.5 3 MEDIUM - LOWER

22.5 ≤ GRP < 35 4 MEDIUM - HIGHER

35 ≤ GRP < 60 5 HIGH

60 ≤ GRP < 125 6 VERY HIGH

GRP ≥ 125 7 EXTREME HIGH

RADON IN SOIL GAS AND SOIL PERMEABILITY – RESULTS



Radon in soil gas / kBq m-3

GRP – ”Neznal” approach

Number of measurements 874 795

Number of locations 785 670

AM 47.6 28.4

SD 52.1 28.7

Median 34.7 15.9

GM 33.0 16.8

GSD 2.4 2.6

Min - Max 1.0 ± 566.0 0.3 ± 470.4

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RADON IN SOIL GAS AND INDOOR RADON



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRP AND INDOOR RADON


Tallinn, Estonia, 23-27 May 2016.15

GRP AND INDOOR RADON MAPS OF SELECTED COUNTIES: ISTRIA



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRP AND INDOOR RADON



CROATIA – CLIMATE ZONES

• Mediterranean andsubmediterranean climate



Photographed

0௮.0௨.௨0௧௫.Gorski Kotar

Photographed

0௯.0௨.௨0௧௫.Istria,

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INDOOR RADON MEASUREMENTS IN WORKPLACES IN CROATIA



SPAS and CAVES

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SPAcz (Bq/m3) cw-p (Bq/l) cw-s (Bq/l)

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Bizovac 11 ± 9 23 ± 9 0.79 ± 0.26 1.05 ± 0.33 2.02 ± 0.41 2.62 ± 0.49

Daruvar 40 ± 19 17 ± 10 3.58 ± 0.64 2.71 ± 0.51 7.93 ± 0.96 6.65 ± 0.85

Ivanić Grad 28 ± 13 3.55 ± 0.56 2.10 ± 0.46

Lipik 42 ± 18 28 ± 13 2.26 ± 0.44 1.96 ± 0.41 6.07 ± 0.82 5.21 ± 0.71

Krapina 80 ± 34 6.44 ± 0.80 7.38 ± 0.88 7.78 ± 0.89 6.72 ± 0.85

Stubica 109 ± 9 91 ± 8 18.6 ± 1.8 15.2 ± 1.4 82.1 ± 5.1 93.8 ± 5.8

Topusko 41 ± 18 2.71 ± 0.46 34.0 ± 2.4

Tuhelj 50 ± 11 22 ± 13 1.43 ± 0.32 0.73 ± 0.40 4.99 ± 0,63 4.42 ± 0.64

Varaždin 28 ± 10 22 ± 13 2.15 ± 0.44 1.59 ± 0.49 18.7 ± 1.6 10.5 ± 1.1

SPAS Radolic et al. J. Environ Radioactivity 83 (2005) 191

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CAVES -> Manita peć, NP Paklenica (570 m above sea level, 175 m, -23m)

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CAVES -> Đurovića cave, Dubrovnik Airport (154 m, -23m) (2008/09)

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CAVES -> Đurovića cave Radon concentration / kBqm-3

“Chamber of DR”Automn Spring Summer

M1 9.2 14.0 25.3

M2 11.2 18.1 25.6

M2’ 9.7 18.1 23.9

M3 7.5 17.8 24.7

M3’ / 19.4 23.4

M4 8.9 16.4 23.2

M4’ 6.6 * 20.8

Average 8.9 17.3 23.9

“Main passage”M5 12.0 16.2 *

M6 * * 22.6

M7 11.6 17.9 22.8

M9 9.8 18.7 24.4

M10 9.8 19.5 28.4

M11 8.0 20.9 29.0

M12 - - 30.4

Average 10.2 18.7 26.3

Average annual dose rate is 45 µSv/h

CONCLUSIONS

• Obtained results (Lika-Senj, Karlovac & Istria counties)show the existence of areas with elevated values ofindoor radon in houses and especially in schools andkindergartens

• Indoor radon concentrations in spas are low.

• There are caves with touristic visits with very high radonconcentrations during whole year -> received doses arewell above referenced levels



THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS ARE WELCOMED



an overview of radon measurements in workplaces in … documents... · 2016. 6. 14. · 9 indoor...

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