an introduction to debian packaging

8/7/2019 An Introduction to Debian Packaging

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An Introduction to Debian Packaging

Lucas [email protected]

An Introduction to Debian Packaging 1 / 47


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About this tutorial

Goal: tell you what you really need to know about Debian packagingModify existing packages

Create your own packages

Become a Debian power-user

Covers the most important points, but is not completeYou will need to read more documentation

Most of the content also applies to Debian derivatives distributions

That includes Ubuntu



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Outline

1 Introduction

2 Creating source packages

3 Building and testing packages

4 Practical session: modifying the grep package

5 Advanced packaging topics

6 Maintaining packages in Debian

7 Resources

8 Conclusion



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Outline

1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion



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Introduction: the Deb package format

One of the two most common packages format (with RPM)A very powerful and convenient way to distribute software to users.deb le: an ar archive

$ a r tv w ge t_ 1 . 12 - 2 .1 _ i 38 6 . d ebrw -r --r -- 0/0 4 Sep 5 15:43 2010 debian - binaryrw -r --r -- 0/0 2403 S ep 5 15:43 2 010 c ontrol . tar . gzrw - r -- r- - 0 /0 7 51 61 3 S ep 5 1 5: 43 2 01 0 d at a . ta r. gz

debian-binary : version of the deb le format, "2.0 \ n"control.tar.gz : metadata about the packagecontrol, md5sums, (pre|post)(rm|inst), triggers, shlibs , . . .data.tar.gz : data les of the package

You could create your .deb les manuallyhttp://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO/

But most people dont do it that way

This tutorial: create Debian packages, the Debian way

http://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO/http://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO/


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Tools you will need

A Debian (or Ubuntu) system (with root access)

Some packages:build-essential : has dependencies on the packages that will beassumed to be available on the developers machine (no need tospecify them in the Build-Depends: control eld of your package)

includes a dependency on dpkg-dev , which contains basicDebian-specic tools to create packages

devscripts : contains many useful scripts for Debian maintainers

Many other tools will also be mentioned later, such as debhelper , cdbs , quilt ,pbuilder , sbuild , lintian , svn-buildpackage , git-buildpackage , . . .Install them when you need them.



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General packaging workow

Web upstream sourceDebian mirror

source package where most of the manual work is done

one or several binary packages .deb

dh makeapt-get source dget

debuild (build and test with lintian )or dpkg-buildpackage

install ( debi )upload ( dput )



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Outline

1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion



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Source packageOne source package can generate several binary packagese.g the libtar source generates the libtar and libtar-dev binary packages

Two kinds of packages: (if unsure, use non-native)Native packages: software developed inside Debian ( dpkg , apt )Non-native packages: software developed outside Debian

Main le: .dsc (meta-data)

Other les depending on the version of the source format1.0 native: package version.tar.gz

1.0 non-native:pkg ver.orig.tar.gz : upstream sourcepkg debver.diff.gz : patch to add Debian-specic changes

3.0 (quilt):pkg ver.orig.tar.gz : upstream sourcepkg debver.debian.tar.gz : tarball with the Debian changes

(See dpkg-source(1) for exact details)An Introduction to Debian Packaging 9 / 47


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Source package example (wget 1.12-2.1.dsc)

F or ma t : 3 .0 ( qui lt )Source : wge t

Binary : wge tArchi tectu re : anyVers ion : 1 .12-2 .1Main ta ine r : Noe l Kothe Homepage : h ttp : / /www.gnu .org / software /wge t /Standards -Vers ion: 3 .8 .4

Bui ld -Depends : debhe lper (>> 5 .0 .0 ) , get text , t ex in fo ,l ib ss l -dev (>= 0 .9 .8 ) , dpa tch , i nfo2man

Checksums - Sha1:50d4ed2441e67[ . . ]1 ee0e94248 2464747 wget_1 .12. o rig . t a r.gzd4c1c8bbe431d [ .. ]dd7cef3611 48308 wget_1 .12-2 .1 .deb ian . t a r.gz

Checksums -Sha256 :

7578ed0974e12 [ .. ]dcba65b572 2464747 wget_1 .12. o rig . t a r.gz1e9b0c4c00eae [ . .]89c402ad78 48308 wget_1 .12-2 .1 .deb ian . t a r.gz

Files:141461b9c04e4[ . . ]9 d1f2abf83 2464747 wget_1 .12. o rig . t a r.gze93123c934e3c [ .. ]2 f380278c2 48308 wget_1 .12-2 .1 .deb ian . t a r.gz



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Retrieving an existing source package

From the Debian archive:apt-get source packageapt-get source package=versionapt-get source package/release

(You need deb-src lines in sources.list )

From the Internet:dget url-to.dscdget http://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian-archive/20090802T004153Z/debian/dists/bo/main/source/web/wget 1.4.4-6.dsc

(snapshot.d.o provides all packages from Debian since 2005)

Once downloaded, extract with dpkg-source -x file.dsc

http://snapshot.debian.org/http://snapshot.debian.org/http://snapshot.debian.org/


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Creating a basic source package

Download the upstream source(upstream source = the one from the softwares original developers)

Rename to .orig.tar.gz(example: simgrid 3.6.orig.tar.gz )

Untar itcd upstream source && dh make(from the dh-make package)

There are some alternatives to dh make for specic sets of packages:dh-make-perl , dh-make-php , . . .

debian/ directory created, with a lot of les in it



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Files in debian/All the packaging work should be made by modifying les in debian/

Main les:

changelog history of the Debian packagecopyright copyright information for the packagecontrol meta-data about the package (dependencies, etc)rules species how to build the package

Optional les:compatwatchdh install* targets*.dirs, *.docs, *.manpages, . . .maintainer scripts*.postinst, *.prerm, . . .source/formatpatches if you need to modify the upstream sources

Most of the les use a format based on RFC 822 (mail headers)



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debian/changelog

Lists the Debian packaging changesEdited manually or with dchSpecial format to automatically close Debian or Ubuntu bugsDebian: Closes: #595268 ; Ubuntu: LP: #616929Installed as /usr/share/doc/ package /changelog.Debian.gz

mp ich2 (1 .2 .1.1 -5 ) unstable ; u rgency=low

* U se / u sr / b in / p y th on i ns te ad o f / u sr / b in / p y th on 2 . 5. A ll owto d ro p d ep en de nc y on p yt ho n2 . 5. C lo se s : # 59 52 68

* M ak e / us r /b in / m pd ro ot s et ui d . T hi s is th e d ef au lt a ft erth e i ns ta ll at io n of m pi ch 2 f ro m so ur ce , t oo . LP : # 61 69 29

+ A dd c or r es po n di ng l in ti an o ve rr id e .

- - L uc as N us sb au m < l uc as @d eb ia n . org > Wed , 15 Se p 2 01 0 1 8: 13 :4 4 + 02 0



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debian/copyrightCopyright and license information for the source and the packagingTraditionally written as a text le

New machine-readable format: http://dep.debian.net/deps/dep5/

Format : Upst ream -Name: X Sol i ta ireSource : f tp : / / f tp .example .com/pub/games

F il es : *C op yr ig h t : C o py ri gh t 1 99 8 J oh n D oe < j d oe @e x am p le . c om >License : GPL -2+

T hi s p ro gr am is f re e s of tw ar e ; y ou ca n r ed is tr ib ut e it[ . . . ].On D eb ia n s ys te ms , t he f ul l t ex t of th e GN U G en er al P ub li c

L ic en se v er si on 2 c an be f ou nd in th e f il e /usr /share/common - l icenses/GPL-2.

F i le s : debian /*Copyr igh t : Copyr igh t 1998 Jane Smith < j smi th@example .net >License :

[LICENSE TEXT]

http://dep.debian.net/deps/dep5/http://dep.debian.net/deps/dep5/


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debian/controlPackage metadata

For the source package itselfFor each binary package built from this source

Package name, section, priority, maintainer, uploaders,build-dependencies, dependencies, description, homepage, . . .

Documentation: Debian Policy chapter 5http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html

Source : wge tSect ion : webPr io r ity : impor tan tMain ta ine r : Noel Kothe Bui ld -Depends : debhe lpe r (>> 5 .0 .0 ) , get text , t ex in fo ,

l ib ss l -dev (>= 0 .9 .8 ) , dpa tch , i n fo2manStandards -Vers ion: 3 .8 .4Homepage: h t tp : / /www.gnu. org/sof tware /wget /

Package : wge tArchi t ectu re : anyDepends : ${sh l ibs :Depends} , ${misc : Depends}D es c ri p ti o n : r et ri ev e s f il es f ro m t he w eb

W ge t is a n et wo rk u ti li ty to r et ri ev e f il es f ro m t he We b

http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.htmlhttp://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html


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Architecture: all or any

Two kinds of binary packages:

Packages with a different content on each Debian architectureExample: C programArchitecture: any in debian/control

Or, if it only works on a subset of architectures:

Architecture: amd64 i386 ia64 hurd-i386Packages for other architectures built by the Debian infrastructureNamed package version architecture .deb

Packages with the same content on all architectures

Example: Perl libraryArchitecture: all in debian/controlNamed package version all.deb


d b l


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debian/rules

Makele

Interface used to build Debian packages

Documented in Debian Policy, chapter 4.8http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-source.html#s-debianrules

Five required targets:build : should perform all the conguration and compilation

binary, binary-arch, binary-indep : build the binary packagesdpkg-buildpackage will call binary to build all the packages, or

binary-arch to build only the Architecture: any packagesclean : clean up the source directory


P k i h l d bh l


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Packaging helpers debhelperYou could write shell code in debian/rules directly

See the adduser package for example

Better practice (used by most packages): use a Packaging helper

Most popular one: debhelper (used by 98% of packages)

Goals:Factor the common tasks in standard tools used by all packages

Fix some packaging bugs once for all packagesdh installdirs, dh installchangelogs, dh installdocs, dh installexamples, dh install,dh installdebconf, dh installinit, dh link, dh strip, dh compress, dh xperms, dh perl,dh makeshlibs, dh installdeb, dh shlibdeps, dh gencontrol, dh md5sums, dh builddeb, . . .

Called from debian/rules

Congurable using command parameters or les in debian/dirs, package.docs, package.examples, package.install, package.manpages, ...

Third-party helpers for sets of packages: python-support , dh ocaml , . . .

Gotcha: debian/compat : Debhelper compatibility version (use 7)


d bi / l i d bh l (1/2)


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debian/rules using debhelper (1/2)#!/us r /b in /make - f

# U nc om me nt t hi s to t ur n on v er bo se m od e .

#expor t DH_VERBOSE=1

build:$(MAKE)#docbook - to - man debian /packagename . sgml > packagename .1

clean:

dh_testdirdh_testrootrm - f bui ld - s t amp conf igure - s t amp$(MAKE) c l eandh_clean

insta ll : bu ilddh_testdirdh_testrootdh_c lean -kdh_instal ldirs# Ad d h er e c om ma nd s to i ns ta ll t he p ac ka ge i nt o d eb ia n / pa ck ag$(MAKE) DESTDIR=$(CURDIR) /deb ian / packagename inst a ll


d bi / l i d bh l (2/2)


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debian/rules using debhelper (2/2)

# Bu ild a rch i tec tu re - independent f i le s here .b inary - indep: bui ld ins tal l

# Bu ild a rch i tec tu re -dependent f i le s he re .b inary -arch: bui ld ins ta ll

dh_testdirdh_testrootdh_ins ta l lchangelogsdh_instal ldocsdh_ins ta l lexamples

# dh_insta l ldh_instal lmandh_linkdh_str ipdh_compressdh_fixperms

dh_instal ldebdh_shlibdepsdh_gencontroldh_md5sumsdh_builddeb

b ina ry : b inary - indep b inary -a rch

.PHONY: bu ild c l ean b inary - indep b inary - a rch b ina ry inst a ll conf igureAn Introduction to Debian Packaging 21 / 47

CDBS


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CDBSStill a lot of redundancy between packages

Second-level helpers that factor common funtionality

Building with ./configure && make && make install or CMakeSupport for Perl, Python, Ruby, GNOME, KDE, Java, Haskell, . . .

CDBS:Introduced in 2005, based on advanced GNU make magicDocumentation: /usr/share/doc/cdbs/But some people hate it:

Sometimes difcult to customize package builds:twisty maze of makeles, environment vars and black magic Slower than plain debhelper (many useless calls to dh * )

#!/us r /b in /make - finc lude /usr / share / cdbs /1 / ru les /debhelper.mkinclude /usr / share / cdbs /1 /c lass /auto tools .mk

# add an a ct ion af ter the b ui ldbui ld /mypackage: :

/b in /bash debian / sc r ip t s / foo . sh


Dh (aka Debhelper 7 or dh7)


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Dh (aka Debhelper 7, or dh7)

Introduced in 2008 as a CDBS killer

dh command that calls dh *

Simple debian/rules , listing only overrides

Easier to customize than CDBS

Doc: manpages ( debhelper(7) , dh(1) ) + slides from DebConf9 talkhttp://kitenet.net/

~joey/talks/debhelper/debhelper-slides.pdf

#!/us r /b in /make - f%:

dh $@

overr ide_dh_auto_conf igure :dh_auto_configure - - - -with- k i tchen -s ink

overr ide_dh_auto_bui ld : make wor ld


Classic debhelper vs CDBS vs dh
http://kitenet.net/~joey/talks/debhelper/debhelper-slides.pdfhttp://kitenet.net/~joey/talks/debhelper/debhelper-slides.pdfhttp://kitenet.net/~joey/talks/debhelper/debhelper-slides.pdfhttp://kitenet.net/~joey/talks/debhelper/debhelper-slides.pdf


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Classic debhelper vs CDBS vs dhMarket shares: (feb11)Classic debhelper: 45% CDBS: 24% dh: 29%

Which one should I learn?Probably all of themYou need to know debhelper to use dh and CDBSYou might have to modify CDBS packages

Which one should I use for a new package?

dh (only solution with an increasing market share)

11/2009 05/2010 12/20100

20

40

60

Time

M a r k e t s h a r e ( % ) debhelper

dhCDBS


Outline


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Outline

1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion



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Installing and testing packages


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Installing and testing packages

Install the package locally: debi (will use .changes to know what to install)

List the content of the package: debc ../mypackage.changes

Compare the package with a previous version:debdiff ../mypackage 1 *.changes ../mypackage 2 *.changesor to compare the sources:

debdiff ../mypackage 1 *.dsc ../mypackage 2 *.dscCheck the package with lintian (static analyzer):lintian ../mypackage.changeslintian -i : gives more information about the errors

Upload the package to Debian ( dput ) (needs conguration)

Manage a private Debian archive with repreproDocumentation: http://mirrorer.alioth.debian.org/


Outline
http://mirrorer.alioth.debian.org/http://mirrorer.alioth.debian.org/


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Outline

1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion


Practical session: modifying the grep package


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Practical session: modifying the grep package

1 Go to http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/grep/ and

download version 2.6.3-3 of the package2 Look at the les in debian/ .

How many binary packages are generated by this source package?Which packaging helper does this package use?

3 Build the package4 We are now going to modify the package. Add a changelog entry and

increase the version number.5 Now disable perl-regexp support (it is a ./configure option)6 Rebuild the package

7 Compare the original and the new package with debdiff8 Install the newly built package9 Cry if you messed up ;)


Outline
http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/grep/http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/grep/


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Outline

1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion


Modifying the upstream source


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Modifying the upstream source

Often needed:

Fix bugs or add customizations that are specic to DebianBackport xes from a newer upstream release

Several methods to do it:Modifying the les directly

SimpleBut no way to track and document the changes

Using patch systemsEases contributing your changes to upstream

Helps sharing the xes with derivativesGives more exposure to the changeshttp://patch-tracker.debian.org/


Patch systems
http://patch-tracker.debian.org/http://patch-tracker.debian.org/


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y

Principle: changes are stored as patches in debian/patches/

Applied and unapplied during buildSeveral implementations: simple-patchsys (cdbs only), dpatch , quilt

Each supports two debian/rules targets:debian/rules patch : apply all patches

debian/rules unpatch : de-apply all patchesMore documentation: http://wiki.debian.org/debian/patches

Future: new source package format with built-in patch system: 3.0 (quilt)

Recommended solutionYou need to learn quilt http://pkg-perl.alioth.debian.org/howto/quilt.html


Documentation of patches
http://wiki.debian.org/debian/patcheshttp://pkg-perl.alioth.debian.org/howto/quilt.htmlhttp://pkg-perl.alioth.debian.org/howto/quilt.htmlhttp://wiki.debian.org/debian/patches


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p

Standard headers

Documented in DEP3 - Patch Tagging Guidelineshttp://dep.debian.net/deps/dep3/

Descr ip tion : F ix widge t f robn icat ion speedsF r ob n ic a ti n g w id ge ts t oo q ui ck ly t en de d to c au se e xp lo s io ns .Forwarded: h t tp : / / l i s t s .example .com/2010/03/1234. h tmlAuthor : John Doe < johndoe -gues t@user s . a l io th . debian .org>Appl ied -Upst ream: 1 .2 , h t tp : / /bzr. foo .com/frobnica tor / revis ion /123Las t - Upda te : 2010-03-29


Doing things during installation and removal
http://dep.debian.net/deps/dep3/http://dep.debian.net/deps/dep3/


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g g g

Decompressing the package is sometimes not enough

Create/remove system users, start/stop services, manage alternatives

Done in maintainer scripts preinst, postinst, prerm, postrm

Documentation:Debian Policy Manual, chapter 6http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-maintainerscripts.html

Debian Developers Reference, chapter 6.4http://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/best-pkging-practices.html

http://people.debian.org/ ~srivasta/MaintainerScripts.html

Prompting the userMust be done with debconf

Documentation: debconf-devel(7) (debconf-doc package)


Monitoring upstream versions
http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-maintainerscripts.htmlhttp://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/best-pkging-practices.htmlhttp://people.debian.org/~srivasta/MaintainerScripts.htmlhttp://people.debian.org/~srivasta/MaintainerScripts.htmlhttp://people.debian.org/~srivasta/MaintainerScripts.htmlhttp://people.debian.org/~srivasta/MaintainerScripts.htmlhttp://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/best-pkging-practices.htmlhttp://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-maintainerscripts.html


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g p

Specify where to look in debian/watch (see uscan(1) )

vers ion=3

ht tp : / / tmrc .mi t .edu/mir ror / twis ted/ Twis ted/ ( \d \ . \d) / \Twisted -([ \d \ . ]*)\ . tar \ . bz2

Debian infrastructure that makes use of debian/watch :Debian External Health Statushttp://dehs.alioth.debian.org/

Maintainer warned by emails sent to the Packages Tracking System

uscan : run a manual check

uupdate : try to update your package to the latest upstream version


Packaging with a VCS (SVN, Git & friends)
http://dehs.alioth.debian.org/http://dehs.alioth.debian.org/


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Several tools to help manage branches and tags for your packaging work:svn-buildpackage , git-buildpackage

Example: git-buildpackageupstream branch to track upstream with upstream/ version tags master branch tracks the Debian packagedebian/ version tags for each uploadpristine-tar branch to be able to rebuild the upstream tarball

Vcs-* elds in debian/control to locate the repository

Vcs -Browser : h t tp : / /g i t .debian .org/?p=devscr ip ts / devscr ipts . g i tVcs -Gi t : g i t : / /g i t .debian .org/devscr ip ts / devscr ipts . g i t

Vcs -Browser : h t tp : / / svn .debian .org/v iewsvn/pkg -per l / t runk/ l ibwww -per lVcs -Svn: svn: / / svn .debian .org/pkg -per l / t runk/ l ibwww -per l

VCS-agnostic interface: debcheckout , debcommit , debreleasedebcheckout devscripts check out the source package from Git


Outline


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1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion


Several ways to contribute to Debian


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Worst way to contribute:Package your own application

Get it into DebianDisappear

Bring new software to DebianOnly if its interesting/useful enough, pleaseAre there alternatives already packaged in Debian?

Adopt existing unmaintained packages ( orphaned packages )Many unmaintained packages in DebianIncluding some that you use daily!

Get involved in packaging teamsMany teams that focus on set of packages, and need helpFull list on http://wiki.debian.org/TeamsAn excellent way to work with more experienced contributors


More interested in Ubuntu?
http://wiki.debian.org/Teamshttp://wiki.debian.org/Teams


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Ubuntu mainly manages the divergence with Debian

No real focus on specic packagesInstead, collaboration with Debian teams

Usually recommend uploading new packages to Debian rsthttps://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment/NewPackages

Possibly a better plan:Get involved in a Debian team and act as a bridge with Ubuntu

Help reduce divergence, triage bugs in Launchpad

Many Debian tools can help:

Ubuntu column on the Developer packages overviewUbuntu box on the Packages Tracking SystemReceive launchpad bugmail via the PTS


Adopting orphaned packages
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment/NewPackageshttps://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment/NewPackages


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Full list: http://www.debian.org/devel/wnpp/

Installed on your machine: wnpp-alert

Different states:Orphaned: the package is unmaintainedFeel free to adopt itRFA : Request For AdopterMaintainer looking for adopter, but continues work in the meantime

Feel free to adopt it. A mail to the current maintainer is politeITA: Intent To AdoptSomeone intends to adopt the packageYou could propose your help!RFH : (Request For Help

The maintainer is looking for helpSome unmaintained packages not detected not orphaned yet

When in doubt, ask [email protected] #debian-qa on irc.debian.org


Outline
http://www.debian.org/devel/wnpp/http://www.debian.org/devel/wnpp/


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1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion


Where to nd help?


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Help you will need:Various advices and answers to your questions, code reviewsSponsorship of your uploads, when your package is ready

You can get help from:Other members of a packaging team: the best solution

They know the specics of your packageYou can become a member of the teamSee http://wiki.debian.org/Teams

The Debian Mentors group (if your package doesnt t in a team)http://wiki.debian.org/DebianMentorsFaqMailing list: [email protected]: #debian-mentors on irc.debian.orghttp://mentors.debian.net/


Ofcial documentation
http://wiki.debian.org/Teamshttp://wiki.debian.org/DebianMentorsFaqhttp://[email protected]/http://mentors.debian.net/http://mentors.debian.net/http://[email protected]/http://wiki.debian.org/DebianMentorsFaqhttp://wiki.debian.org/Teams


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Debian Developers Cornerhttp://www.debian.org/devel/Links to many resources about Debian development

Debian New Maintainers Guidehttp://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/An introduction to Debian packaging, but could use an update

Debian Developers Referencehttp://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/Mostly about Debian procedures, but also some best packaging practices (part 6)

Debian Policyhttp://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/

All the requirements that every package must satisfySpecic policies for Perl, Java, Python, . . .

Ubuntu Packaging Guidehttps://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide


Outline
http://www.debian.org/devel/http://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/http://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuidehttps://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuidehttp://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/http://www.debian.org/doc/developers-reference/http://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/http://www.debian.org/devel/


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1 Introduction






7 Resources

8 Conclusion


Conclusion


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You now have a full overview of Debian packagingBut you will need to read more documentation

Best practices have evolved over the yearsIf not sure, use the dh packaging helper, and the 3.0 (quilt) format

Debian is not only a technical project, its also a community

Feedback: [email protected]


Legal stuff


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Copyright c 2011 Lucas Nussbaum [email protected]

This document is free software : you can redistribute it and/or modify it under either(at your option):

The terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free SoftwareFoundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html

The terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


Latest version & source code
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.htmlhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html


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Latest version:http://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git;a=blob_plain;f=packaging-tutorial.pdf;hb=refs/heads/pdf

Contribute:

git clone git://git.debian.org/~lucas/packaging-tutorial.gitOr over HTTP:http://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git

Feedback: [email protected]


TODO
http://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git;a=blob_plain;f=packaging-tutorial.pdf;hb=refs/heads/pdfhttp://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git;a=blob_plain;f=packaging-tutorial.pdf;hb=refs/heads/pdfhttp://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.gitmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.githttp://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git;a=blob_plain;f=packaging-tutorial.pdf;hb=refs/heads/pdfhttp://git.debian.org/?p=users/lucas/packaging-tutorial.git;a=blob_plain;f=packaging-tutorial.pdf;hb=refs/heads/pdf


48/50

more practical sessionsdebc and lintian should really pick-up the .changes le automaticallyUCFBlendsBTSsecurityvolatiles


Debian branches ( suites )


49/50

stable (currently codenamed squeeze ): stable and supported. Only

important bug xes.testing (currently codenamed wheezy ): the future stable release.

unstable (always codenamed sid ): where most of the work occurs, andwhere packages are uploaded. Packages migrate automatically from

unstable to testing according to some rules.

experimental : for experimental packages that are not suited for a stablerelease.

Developers mostly run unstable or testing (with APT pinning )

Packages can be backported from testing/unstable to stable . Seehttp://backports.debian.org/


Debian dashboards for maintainers
http://backports.debian.org/http://backports.debian.org/


50/50

Source package centric: Packages Tracking Systemhttp://packages.qa.debian.org/dpkg

Maintainer/team centric: Developers Packages Overviewhttp://qa.debian.org/developer.php?login=pkg-ruby-extras-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.org

http://packages.qa.debian.org/dpkghttp://qa.debian.org/developer.php?login=pkg-ruby-extras-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.orghttp://qa.debian.org/developer.php?login=pkg-ruby-extras-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.orghttp://qa.debian.org/developer.php?login=pkg-ruby-extras-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.orghttp://qa.debian.org/developer.php?login=pkg-ruby-extras-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.orghttp://packages.qa.debian.org/dpkg

an introduction to debian packaging

Documents