an introduction to citris citris in europe 2006 helsinki...

An Introduction to CITRIS

CITRIS in Europe 2006Helsinki

June 20th, 2006

S. Shankar Sastry, Director; Dr. Gary Baldwin, Exec Dir.Co-Dirs: Patrick Mantey UCSC, Jeff Wright UCM, Ben Yoo UCDChief Scientists: Paul Wright UCB & lead, Alex Pang USC, German Gavilan, UCM

2CITRIS in Europe, HelsinkiJune 20th, 2006

What is CITRIS?Collaborative effort with:

UC Berkeley, UC Davis, UC Merced, UC Santa Cruz, LBNL, LLNL

Three other centers: QB3 (Quantum Biology, Biomedicine)Cal IT2 (Information and Communications)CNSI (Nanotechnology)

CITRIS is a Center of Centers CITRIS focuses on using IT to provide solutions to grand-challenge social and commercial problems affecting the quality of life of Californians and people around the world Many industrial partnersSignificant State and private support


State of Technology Research

A period of tremendous advances in the 20th century: automotive, aerospace, nuclear, micro-electronics, communications and computing, the world wide web, photonics, MEMSTechnology push continues apace

Information TechnologyNano-technologiesBio-technologiesConvergence of computing and communicationsNeuronal and other human machine interfaces


Many New Challenges Abound

Technology is now poised to reach outwards to bring technology in at least three different areas:

Social Sciences: especially Business, Law, Public PolicyBiological Sciences: especially Molecular and Cell Biology, Surgical and Clinical Departments, Neuronal technologies and imaging, Psychology, and Prosthetics, Public HealthPhysical Sciences: especially Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics

Big challenges are in multi-disciplinary projectsAspirations of the technology community in terms of impact have grown: bigger projects, seeing projects through incubation to uptake by industry and society


Societal Needs New (technologically enabled) Critical Infrastructures

TransportationWaterElectricityCyber, financial, e-governmentOil and Gas

EnergyRenewable Sources: solar, hydrogen, bio-fuelsDistribution: decentralizationConsumption, HVAC, ...


Societal Needs

Health CareRapid bug to drug Better sensing and monitoringBetter delivery of health care using ICTTelemedicine/telesurgeryTissue Engineering/Prosthetics

Homeland SecurityLess vulnerable and recoverable infrastructuresCommand and control for reconstituting damaged infrastructuresSecurity with privacy in information exchange and gathering


Societal Needs

Environmental Unmanned vehicles (UXVs) ICT for AgricultureWater Resource Management

Data Storage, Query and Retrieval“Semantic Web”Multi-modal data annotation, querySearch beyond GoogleData integrity, provenance and privacy


Research Research CentersCenters

ResearchResearchFacultyFaculty

Industrial Industrial PartnersPartners

StudentsStudents> 30> 200 Hundreds

CITRIS is like an Umbrella . . . CITRIS is like an Umbrella . . . CITRIS is like an Umbrella . . .

. . . with many members and affiliates

> 60

State State AgenciesAgencies


Founding Corporate MembersFounding Corporate Members

Associate Corporate MembersAssociate Corporate Members

Platinum Corporate MembersPlatinum Corporate MembersNew New majormajordonors in donors in

20052005


A partial list of Collaborative and Affiliate-center industrial members.

See for complete list.www.citris-uc.org

Many other partners


CITRIS Building Construction Update

The design for a finished structureThe design for a finished structure

What it looks like todayWhat it looks like today


CITRIS is a testbed of testbeds

CITRIS-Network

Millennium Cluster

WLAN /BluetoothPager

MotorolaPagewriter 2000

VisualizationHuman Centered Computing

H.323GW

Environmental Monitoring

SmartDust

WearableDisplays

Smart Building

Smart Classroom

Earthquake Engineering

Sensor NetworkTinyOS


The CITRIS Nanofabrication Centerenabling nanoscale devices and materialsaddressing integration of nano-micro-macro systems

Storage

Si Memory Devices

IntegrationNanotube + CMOS

Si gateSi0.75Ge0.25gate

SiSi

HfO2 HfO2

2 nm

SiN

Poly-Si (II)

Poly-Si (I)

Cross Sectional ViewsCross Sectional Views

Energy ConversionBiofuel cell with nano PEM

Medical DiagnosticsNanogap biosensor

Nano PhotonicsNano CMOSHigh k gate dielectric


Philosophy of Nano Fab laboratory

Research facility, not a production facility Focus on 90 nm, 8 inch tools, but use to build much finer geometries eg., 8 nm FINFETs, 3 nm Ge coating on Si substrateExotic and experimental processes: can be used by start-ups that cannot afford fabs and companies wishing to explore non production materialsWill be a good counterpart to the Molecular Foundry laboratory, which has more niche processes.We have had 20+ years of operating Microfab lab with break even financing and with 3-4 generations of donated equipment from Applied Materials, Lam Research, HP, Intel, etc.


CNSI-CITRIS-STANFORD initiative:Western Institute of Nanoelectronics

Partnership between CNSI (Kang Wang, UCLA), CITRIS (Jeff Bokor, UCB), Stanford (Jim Harris).Intel, IBM, Texas Instruments, AMD, Freescale, Micron recognize the end of the roadmap at 22 nm node or may be one more node in 2018: are looking at the newest technologies. Formed Nano-Electronics Research Corporation (NERC), like SRC.WIN is the West coast counterpart of the SUNY, Buffalo Nanoelectronics Center (now including Cornell, MIT, Harvard, GaTech).Initial WIN focus on spintronics, but industry leveraging all of the Federal Nanotech initiativeNERC grant $ 2.38 M, Intel grant $ 2 M, UC Discovery grant $ 3.84 M, Intel equipment donation $ 10 M over 4 years.


State of CITRIS

CITRIS has spawned a lot of centers and has really populated the big bang vision (post high performance computing and Internet) for Information TechnologyThere are good societal scale application drivers

Energy EnvironmentRapidly-deployable Infrastructures for the Third WorldWater

Tech Push activity is proceeding apaceSensor Webs and BeyondCybersecurity and TRUSTConfluence of Computing and Communications (Wireless-X)Embedded SystemsSynthetic and Systems Biology


CITRIS Centers to DateBerkeley Sensor and Actuator CenterBerkeley Wireless Research CenterBerkeley Institute for Soft ComputingCenter for Hybrid and Embedded Systems and SoftwareWireless Research FoundationsWireless EmBedded SystemsBerkeley Institute of DesignBerkeley Quantum Information and Computation CenterDavis Center for GenomicsUCSC led ARO_MURI Dynamic Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks (DAWN)UCSC led ONR-MURI Thermionic Energy Conversion CenterUC Davis led Optical Networking centerProcess Informatics Model (PRIME)

Davis Optical Networking CenterDavis Biophotonics CenterUCSC Environmental Monitoring CenterDavis Computational Science CenterMerced Energy/Water InitiativeDavis + Berkeley Cybersecurity (DETER + EMIST)UCSC Storage CenterCenter for Intelligent SystemsInformation and Communication Technologies for the Third World ICT4BCONSRT (Opto-Nano Electronics Center)COINS (Nano MEMS Center)PrIMe (Process Informatics Infrastructure) TRUST (Team for Research in Ubiquitous Secure Technologies)WIN (Western Nanotechnology Institute)

*Those listed in blue added since CITRIS inception


On-going CITRIS CentersBerkeley Wireless Research Center

Robert Brodersen, Jan Rabaey, Bora Nikolic, Ali Niknejad, Paul WrightFocus on single chip radios

SIA/DARPA MARCO Pederson Design CenterRichard Newton and Jan RabaeyDesign for deep submicron technologies

Wireless FoundationsTse, Ramachandran, Sahai, Gastpar, Anantharam, WainwrightSpectrum Usage


Sample New CITRIS CentersSample New CITRIS CentersCenter for Hybrid and Embedded Systems and Software (CHESS)

Henzinger, Lee, Sangiovanni, Sastry, Tomlin

Center for Intelligent Systems (CIS)Bajcsy, El Ghaoui, Jordan, Malik, Russell, Sastry

Sensorwebs and Smart Dust (WEBS/CENS)Brewer, Culler, Pister, Rabaey, Sastry, Wagner, Wright, …

Team for Research in Ubiquitous Secure Systems (TRUST)

Bajcsy, Joseph, Samuelson, Sastry, Tygar. Wagner

Nanofabrication LaboratoryBokor, Hu, King

http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/CIS/kickoff.html


Sample New CITRIS Centers

•Air Quality Research Center

-- Wexler

•Virtual California: Forecasting the next earthquake

-- Rundle

•Bio-photonics Center: UC Davis led

•Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation

-- Yoo and Ippen (MIT)

• Monitoring California steel head and krill population

-- Mangel and Sogard


Mote Evolution


Building Comfort,Smart Alarms

Great Duck Island

Elder Care

Fire Response

Factories

Wind ResponseOf Golden Gate Bridge

Vineyards

Redwoods

Instrumenting the world

Soil monitoring


Next Generation SCADA/DCS: Cyber Control of our Physical Infrastructures

Our critical physical infrastructures depend on SCADA and DCS. SCADA and DCS depend on the gathering, monitoring, and control of information from distributed sensing devices.The advent of advances in wireless network embedded systems for distributed sensing devices and software, present an opportunity for a new generation of secure critical physical infrastructures


Major New Research Grants: TRUST

PI: Shankar SastryCo PIs: Reiter (CMU), Wicker (Cornell), Mitchell (Stanford), Sztipanovits (Vanderbilt)Also SJSU, Smith, MillsOperate Through AttacksCybersecurity, Economic, Social and Privacy Considerations, Composition of Trust (building complex systems)Initial focus on two key infrastructures: financial, electric power (SCADA)

TRUST


SiCTAPSPI: Albert PisanoCo PI: M. Wijesundara

• Creation of extreme harsh environment TAPS sensors on a single chip(Temperature, Acceleration, Pressure, and Strain)

• Three distinct SiC deposition processes with descending thermal budget (Electronics-1200°C, MEMS-800°C, Encapsulation-450°C)

• All SiC technology, i.e. electronics, MEMS and encapsulation

P3:amorphous SiC (Encapsulation)

P2: Poly 3C-SiC (MEMS Structures)

P1: Epitaxial 6H-SiC (SiC Electronics)

6H-SiC (Substrate)

Major New Research Grants: SiTAPS


Major New Research Grants: COINSCCenter enter oof f IIntegrated ntegrated NNanomechanical anomechanical SSystemsystems

An NSF An NSF NanoscaleNanoscale Science and Engineering CenterScience and Engineering Center

•• Enabling interdisciplinary invention, understanding, and Enabling interdisciplinary invention, understanding, and construction of technologically relevant integrated nanoconstruction of technologically relevant integrated nano--mechanical systems.mechanical systems.

•• COINS is one of six COINS is one of six NanoscaleNanoscale Science and Engineering Science and Engineering Centers across the country funded by the NSF. Centers across the country funded by the NSF.

•• Researchers from UC Merced, Stanford University , Researchers from UC Merced, Stanford University , and the California Institute of Technology, as well as CITRISand the California Institute of Technology, as well as CITRIS

COINSPI: Alex ZettlCo PIs: many!


STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS

Changing Face of Information Technology: Need to harvest into the IT substrate

Best of nano-technologiesBest of synthetic, systems and other molecular bio-technologiesBest of neuro-technologies

Developing Strategic Plan for Societal Scale Challenges inHealth Care Delivery Intelligent Infrastructures: Energy and Environment (joint with Helios, LBNL)Services Sciences and Technology


Intelligent infrastructuresCITRIS advances have reduced the cost, size, and power consumption of micro-sensors and wireless interfaces. Software and database tools are shared between all the sub-projects in “intelligent infrastructure”Systems can:

Sense phenomena at close rangeBe embedded into environmentPerform monitoringDiagnosis: next challengeControl: will need to be “silver bullet”

These systems are revolutionizingEnergy and water managementEnvironmental monitoringEmergency response scenariosMedical services

Seismic Structural Analysis

Biocomplexity


The wireless sensor network ‘silver bullet’ is beyond the simple monitoring CITRIS has done so far to the control of energy, water, fire-rescues, environments etc.

From MonitoringFrom MonitoringFrom Monitoring To ControlTo ControlTo Control


Why a science of services?

GOODS-PRODUCING (22%)AgricultureMiningManufacturing

SERVICE-PRODUCING (78%)Consumer-oriented

Retail distributionFinancial servicesReal estateHealth, education, etc.

Business servicesProfessional & technicalComputer & software servicesManpower services

Services represent over 78% of US GDP, over 70% of GDP in developed countries and over 52% in developing nations

Source: Annalee Saxenian, I-School Dean, Berkeley


An ICT-led revolution in services

1. Geographical distance no longer a barrier to simultaneous production and consumption of services e.g. call centers and insurance claims processing

2. Data processing and storage allow long distance services provision e.g. medical diagnosis, payroll & benefits administration

3. Standardization of services, like manufacturing, with shared software platforms, components, and business process models potentially produces efficiency gains



Case I. Computer and software services

IT/ software services: maintenance, Q/A, testing, porting, customization of applications, etc. Data processing and databasesHardware consultingMaintenance and repair of computer hardware



Trade in computer & software services, 2003


Case 2. Information technology-enabled services

Research and developmentLegal servicesAccountingMarket research & management consultingArchitecture & technical consultingAdvertisingManpower services (search, recruitment, etc.)Security servicesIndustrial cleaning



Trade in business, professional, and technical services 2003


Service Sciences, Management and Engineering: SSME

SSME is not about squabbling about accounting for the “services economy”, but a transformation of services. Curricular Needs: need a workforce that is educated both in specific industry sectors: e.g. health care, business processes, and alsocross industry sectors: document engineering, search engineering, etc. Research Agenda: a rich tapestry of team building, organizational theory, risk assessment, ethnography, services architecturesTop Service Sectors

Health CareFinancial and InformationProfessional and BusinessRetail and WholesaleGovernment


SSME as an emerging discipline

Requires a multi-disciplinary approach to research and teaching: Information, business, and industrial engineering

Theory of the information and services economy:Economics, engineering, law, and organizational perspectives on how firms and economies change over time and the organizational and strategic means by which they seek innovation and advantage. Enabling and coevolving technologies and systems architectures.


SSME Discussion

SSME represents a change of culture and a response to commoditization: no longer sufficient to innovate: need to provide market case and societal benefit caseWhat are the intellectual underpinnings of SSME?

Components in a function: People, sw, hw: models and compositionalityMetrics, standardsReliability, liability guarantees

Services is broad (too broad?): use health care or IT services as exemplars to think about architecturesEthnography: modeling people, automate collection of observables, design rules for embedding feedbackRole of trust relationships in services


DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE

Focus on Better Delivery of Health Care through technology: “Engineering Better Health Care”.The CITRIS advantage

Exquisite Sensing Technologies: low sample size, pre-symptomatic detection of diseaseWireless portals for integrating sensing of environment, bodily functions (heartbeat, BP, blood analysis)Security, Privacy, Search Technologies for High Confidence Medical Devices and SystemsPartnership with FinnWell, Danish Health, …

Strategy: network of grants from NIH/NSF with initial deployments targeting chronically ill and elderly populations. Connection I in Berkeley, Dec 2004, Connections II in Tampere, Jan 2005, Connections III, Berkeley, Aug 2005


ICT for Health Care DeliveryWe spend $ 2 T per year in health care (16% of GDP).10 % of population over 60 expected to grow to 25 % by 2030.55-60 % of hospital health care is labor (source: Kaiser Permanente)Huge opportunities to make a difference in continuous monitoring (tele-medicine) for chronic conditions, elder care.Electronic Medical Records infrastructure implementation: need to work with (Cal) RHIO (Regional Health Information Offices), Medicare, VA and providers (billing of telemedicine services), and privacy/security. Citris center TRUST is leading this effort.


Initiatives in Health Care

Use of EDA like methods to do open source analysis of gene-protein, protein-protein networks: Biospice, SynBio(joint with QB-3)Exquisite Detection: presymptomatic detection of disease (BSAC leading the way with lab on a chip, bio-sensors,..)Better Delivery of Health Care using ICT including security and privacy (BWRC, CHESS, TRUST)Stem Cell Initiative and Tissue Engineering (including social, legal and ethical considerations)Sponsored NAE “Towards a Next Generation Health Care”, April 20th, 2006”.


Worldwide age wave is coming

85+80-8475-7970-7465-6960-6455-5950-5445-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-2415-1910-14

5-90-4

Age

1950(150,216,000)

1980(227,658,000)

2000(267,955,000)

2030(304,807,000)

Source: U. S. Census

Percentage of Population over 60 years old

Global Average = 10%

2002

SOURCE: United Nations ▪ “Population Aging ▪ 2002”

2050

Percentage of Population over 60 years old

Global Average = 21%

Table compiled by the U.S. Administration on Aging based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau. Table compiled by the U.S. Administration on Aging based on data from the U.S. Census

Bureau.


Telemedicine is part of our approachIt also includes smart monitors and sensors

Detect and alert the user and/or care providers ofAccidentsAcute illnessDeterioration of condition

This will allow the user to remain at home in a safe and secure environment and delay the transition to group care facilities

Information Technology for Assisted Living in Homes (ITALH)


The ITALH System


Educational Initiatives

Certificate Programs / 5th Year MS specializationsManagement of TechnologyService Science, Engineering and ManagementEntrepreneurship and InnovationTechnology and Law

Pre-business plan student entrepreneurship competitionsTechnology for the Developing World Technology Peace CorpsStudent Clubs in emerging areas of technology:

synthetic biology, environmental monitoring, disaster response,spectrum usage, energy generation and use policy

an introduction to citris citris in europe 2006 helsinki...

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