AN INTRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF GLASSES

INTRODUCTIONPROPERTIES OF GLASS

TYPES OF GLASS

INTRODUCTIONGlass is a mixture of

metallic silicates like pure sand, soda chalk and an alkali metal.

It is made with the mixture of sand and silicates in a very hot fire stove called a kiln.

It is a hard brittle, transparent, translucent material.

PROPRTIES OF GLASSExtremely brittle , transparent, translucent

and available in different colors.Has amorphous structure and no definite

melting point.Not easily affected by air or water and any

chemicals.Absorbs and refracts light.Can be polished, welded by fusion ,cast into

any desired shape and modify its properties like hardness, refractive power.

SODA-LIME GLASS

Also known as Soda glass or soft glass.

A mixture of sodium silicate and calcium silicate.

Cheap and easily fusible at comparatively low temperature.

Used in manufacture of glass tube, bulbs, bottles and other laboratory apparatus, window glass etc.

POTASH- LIME GLASS

Also known as hard glass or Bahamian glass.

A mixture of potassium silicate and calcium silicate.

Does not melt easily that’s why fuses at high temperatures.

Used in the manufacture of combustion tube etc.

POTASH –LEAD GLASS

Also termed as flint glass

A mixture of lead silicate and potassium silicate.

Fuses easily and turns black and opaque.

Used in the manufacture of lenses , prisms, electric bulbs, artificial gems etc.

COMMON GLASS

COMMON GLASS-A colored glass that may

be yellow, green or brown.

A mixture of sodium silicate, iron silicate and calcium silicate.

Does not fuses easily but attacked by acids easily

Uses in the manufacture of medicine bottles.

COLOURED GLASSTo produce colored glass,

coloring pigment is added which is obtained from metallic oxides, finely divided metals, carbon, salts of metal, sulphur , etc.

Different colored glass needs different quantities of same substance.

Used for window panels, fancy articles, decorative tiles , etc.

CROWN GLASSSlightly convexFree from color and

has finer surfaceMade by the process

of blow pipeUsed for special

articles

SHEET GLASSMade by blowing

molten glass in to a large hollow cylinder which is split longitudinally and then flattened over a plane disc.

Used for all engineering purposes.

PLATE GLASSVery strong and more

transparent Made by pouring hot

glass on casting table by process of grinding , smoothing and polishing.

Used for looking glass, large paned glass for glazing of shop front , wind screen of vehicles.

PERFORATED GLASSMade with the help

of projections attached to rollers.

Used for panels in ventilators

FLUTED OR RIBBED GLASSCorrugations on

both sidesVariety of obscure

glassUsed for securing

privacy without obstructing the light of the sun

WIRED GLASSWired mesh is put in

the glass while rolling during manufacture of glass which keeps the pieces of glass held together.

Do not shatter into pieces.

Used for fire resisting doors and windows.

SHIEIDING GLASSVariety of polish lead

glassContain lead oxide

as one of the elements

Used for windows through which high radiations are to be observed.

SAFETY GLASSA celluloid sheet is

put between two sheets of plate glass and formed in to one unit . Celluloid sheet prevents shattering of splinters when glass breaks.

BULLET PROOF GLASSDo not allow bullet to

pierce through it.Made by sand witching

vinyl-resin plastic between several layers of plate glass.

Thickness of glass vary from 15mm to 75mm or even more.

Used for glazing bank tellers booths and cash booths, jewellery stores, display cases

CALOREXAlso known as

excluding glassHeat exclusion

propertyOpaque to ultra –

violet light Used in factories,

hospitals, kitchen etc.

INSULATING GLASSVery high resistance

to heat flowProvide insulating

effectIt is made of two or

more plates of glass separated by 6mm to13mm of dehydrated captive air.

Edges are sealed of the glass.

ULTRA – VIOLET RAY GLASSMade of raw mixture

of iron titanium and chrome.

Can transmit 75% of ultra – violet radiation more than common glass.

Widely used in window pane.

LAMINATED GLASSWhen breaks , does

not fly off in splinters.

Two or more sheets of glass are attached with plastic resin between them.

Ensures safety at places where glass is liable to shatter.

FIBRE GLASSSoft to touch and

flexible in nature.Made of minute

glass rod .Developed in in the

form of continuous strands or in staple form.

Used for chairs, roofs.

GROUND GLASS OR OBSURED GLASSMade by grinding

one side of the glass or melting powdered glass upon it.

Used where light is required without transparency therefore useful for public toilet, office doors, partition etc.

TEMPERED PLATE GLASSMuch stronger than

ordinary glassMade by glass plate

which is heated then cooled to temper it immediately.

Used for glazed entrance doors, making table tops, shelves, counters etc.

SOLUBLE GLASSSoluble in waterMade by melting

quartz sand, grinding and mixing it with soda ash, sodium sulphate or potassium carbonate.

Used for making acid – resistant cement.

FOAM GLASSCan be cut like woodFloats in waterFire proof, ,rigid and

excellent heat insulator.

Glass and carbon are finely ground and mixture of both melted in a furnace then takes the form of a block foam.

GLASS WOOLIt is available in loose

fibers, quilts, mats, rigid ir semi rigid slabs.

Thin fibers of glass which are flexible and have high tensile strength are spun out of molten glass.

Used as filter in air conditioners for electric insulation , for filtration of corrosive liquids.

GLASS BLOCKSHollow transparent units,

made by fusing together two pressed semi – blocks.

Sizes – 10cm thick and 15cm, 20cm, 30cm square

Sealed edges with grit bearing plastic so that a good bond is provided with mortar.

Used in the construction of non- load bearing external panel walls and partition walls, skylights, insulation.

THANK YOU

MANISHA AGARWAL