An illustrated typology of scientific agglomerations forms in the world, 2000–

2010

Laurent Jégou Marion Maisonobe Najla Touati

Introduction : the geographic visualisation of scientific production

Research group “geography of science” at the LISST, since 2010.

• Objective : to observe and analyse the geography of science at the city scale, worldwide, since a decade.

• Sources : The ©Web of Science, 1999-2012, author’s addresses.

• Tools : a geolocalised database with interactive visualisation tools to verify the results, to assess their quality and to represent the data conveniently, on a dynamic map.

Data processing • Biases acknowledged :

• WoS journals (english language mainly, slow perimeter évolution)

• Authors’ postal addresses / postal districts variation

• Automatic geocoding sometimes wrong (Leuven / Louvain …)

• Results : • 20M publications, 40M authors

• geocoded worldwide and fractionated on 35.000 cities

• moving averages for 1999-2001 and 2009-2011, evolutions

• Several publications (Urban studies, journals, doctoral thesis …)

A new tool to represent the centers of scientific publication at the city scale and its evolution since 1999.

A new dynamic map online tool

(Hopefully soon to be available freely online)

Focus of today’s presentation : agglomerations

• Illustrating the diversity of the spatial configuration of the scientific production.

• A typology of spatial forms taking into account the temporal evolution.

Type 1 : the monocephalic or centralised agglos.

A single centre of publications only, stable in time (no new centres of production in the agglomeration during the period).

Type 1

Map 1 : Beijing, China

Type 1

Map 2 : Kiev, Ukraine

Type 1

Map 3 : South Spain

Type 2 : agglomerations with a single decentralised scientific centre Subtype 2a : With one suburb more dynamic than the centre Very often, the second centre of scientific production is a university campus, decentralised or delocalised from an old city-centre campus.

Type 2a

Map 4 : Helsinki – Espoo, Finland

Type 2a

Map 5 : Patras – Río Greece

Type 2 : agglomerations with a single decentralised scientific centre Subtype 2b : With one suburb as dynamic as the centre or less dynamic

Type 2b

Map 6 : Cairo – Giza, Egypt

Type 2b

Map 7 : Dublin, Maynooth Ireland

Type 3 : agglomerations with multiples decentralisations

Type 3

Map 8 :

Lyon, France

Type 3

Map 9 :

Cape Town, South Africa

Type 3

Map 10 :

Munchen, Germany

Type 4 : Two close agglomerations Subtype 4a : Inside a country

Type 4a

Map 11 : Bristol, Bath United Kingdom

Type 4a

Map 12 : Pretoria, Johannesburg South Africa

Type 4 : Two close agglomerations Subtype 4b : Separated by a political border

Type 4b

Map 13 : Hong Kong, Shenzhen China

Type 4b

Map 14 : Dubai, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Type 4b

Map 15 : Copenhagen, Lund, Malmö Denmark, Sweden

Type 5 : Emergence of new scientific production centres

Type5

Map 16 : Thuwal, Saudi Arabia

Type5

Map 17 : Semenyih, Malaysia