an experimental pathological study of blood and …

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Tripathy et al. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

AN EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLOOD AND

URINE TO SHOW ANTIAGEING AND IMMUNOMODULATORY

PROPERTY OF ELAEOCARPUS GANITRUS SEED (RUDRAKSHA)

Subhashish Tripathy*1, Anil Middha

2 and Sudhansu Ranjan Swain

3

1Dept. Pharmaceutical Science OPJS University

1-2, Churu, Rajasthan- India.

2Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad

Ylrededores, India.

ABSTRACT

From ancient time people of various religions in India have been using

Elaeocarpus Ganitrus seed commonly known as Rudraksha for various

medicinal and spiritual purposes. It heals many diseases chronically

due to its electromagnetic characteristics. When a person wear

Rudraksha like jewelry or ornament touching the skin of our body it

control our bioelectrical energy and give better harmony to our body

and mind and activates our energy wheal. It is believed to possess

Antiageing and immunomodulatory property. If Indian folk culture is

claim that Rudraksha posses such kind of incredible medicinal

property it can prove by pathological study of humans Blood and urine. The constituent of

blood and urine reveal the health status of a person. This pathological experiment was

conducted to provide scientific basis for pharmacological Antiageing and immunomodulatory

property study of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus seed (Rudraksha).

KEYWORDS: Elaeocarpus Ganitrus, Rudraksha, Antiageing, Immunomodulatory property,

electromagnetic characteristics, pathological study.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Seed

Elaeocarpus ganitrus is one of the royal herbal medicines which belong to family

Elaeocarpaceae. This is an evergreen broad-leaved trees and shrubs widely distributed in

warm regions of world like India, Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Southern China, and Japan,

WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

SJIF Impact Factor 6.041

Volume 5, Issue 9, 1685-1696 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357

*Corresponding Author

Subhashish Tripathy

Dept. Pharmaceutical

Science OPJS University,

Churu, Rajasthan- India.

Article Received on

03 July 2016,

Revised on 24 July 2016,

Accepted on 14 August 2016

DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20169-7622


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through Australia to New Zealand, Fiji, and Hawaii in the east with its approximately 350

species and commonly known as Rudraksha. It is popularly used in Ayurveda, Siddha and

Unani system of medicine as blood purifier and general tonic. Rudraksha is a natural

tranquilizer[1-3]

. Wearing rosary of its beads relieves us from stress, insomnia, anxiety,

depression and lack of concentration. It calms to concentrate mind and cool down the body

temperature. Wearing it around heart controls heart beats and keeps blood pressure under

control[4]

. It slows down the body catabolism. It resists the flow of bio-electric current

generated due to potential difference between different organs or parts of the body.

This resistance generates a specific ampere of current flow depending on the factor of

resistance. This plant is mainly known for its Antiageing and immunomodulatory property. If

we consider a person healthy the all the constituent of their blood RBC, Hemoglobin, WBC,

Platelet and other constituent should be their ultimate level and physical, chemical and

microscopic examination of urine should be perfectly alright. If the Rudraksha bead is giving

positive impact to our body then its effect should directly proportional to CBC and urine test

report[5-6]

.

1.2 Blood pathological test CBC report

A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to assess our overall health and identify a

wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia[7-8]

.

CBC Measure

Red blood cells (RBC), which responsible to carry oxygen

White blood cells (WBC), which fight infection and enhance our immune system.

Hemoglobin oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells

Hematocrit, the amount of red blood cells to the fluid component, or plasma, in our blood

Platelets, which facilitate with blood clotting

CBC test is conducted to review our overall health status, to diagnose a medical condition,

monitor medical treatment and information of our health


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Our CBC test results are reported along with a reference range of expected or desired values

to help guide us in interpreting them. Reference ranges reflect the numeric values found in

healthy people. A CBC evaluate if there are any increases or decreases in our cell counts.

Normal values vary depending on our age and our gender[9-10]

.

1.3 Urine pathological test

Urinalysis is a group of tests that distinguish and semi-quantitatively calculate various

compounds that are eliminated in the urine, counting the byproducts of normal and abnormal

metabolism as well as cells, including bacteria, and cellular fragments. The routine urinalysis

includes chemical testing for pH, protein, glucose, ketones, occult blood, bilirubin,

urobilinogen, nitrite, leukocyte esterase, and strip test method for specific gravity[11-12]

.

Urinalysis requires 3 types of examination:

1. Direct observation (physical method) to note color, odor, and consistency.

2. Chemical Examination to note protein, glucose, ketones, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase.

3. Microscopic analysis: Sediment is examined for white blood cells (WBC), Red blood cell

(RBC), epithelial cells, casts, bacteria, yeast, and crystals, and other material (such as

sperm and pinworm ova).


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The kidneys clean unwanted dissipate materials from the blood and regulate the levels of

water and chemicals in the body. Due to early morning urine specimens tend to be more

concentrated so early morning urine sample is more suitable for pathological experiment.

Some abnormalities easier to detect, and the specimen is generally free of dietary and

exercises influences that may alter values[13-15]

.

Reference values for normal urinalysis

Color Pale yellow to amber

Appearance Clear to slightly hazy

Odor Slight

Volume 1500 mL/24 hours (750 – 2500 range)

Specific gravity 1.001 – 1.040 (usually 1.015 with normal fluid intake)

pH 4.5 – 8 (average is 5-6)

Glucose Negative

Ketones Negative

Protein Negative

Nitrite for bacteria Negative

Leukocyte esterase Negative

Casts Negative (occasional hyaline casts)

Red blood cells Negative or rare

White blood cells Negative or rare

Crystals Negative

Epithelial cells Few

2. MATERIAL AND METHOD

2.1 Selection of sample person: This experiment was conducted on two groups of male

people containing 15 people each. These person claims to be healthy without suffering from

any kind of major health disease and not taking any kind of medicine for any kind of major

health problem. The Group-1 people never wear Rudraksha and never deal with any kind of


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Elaeocarpus Ganitrus seed (Rudraksha) in any manner. But Group-2 people are those persons

who regularly wear Rudraksha like Jewel or neck less.

2.2 Selection of sample Blood and Urine: Specimen blood was collected by puncturing vein

of arm of group-1 and group-2 people and this EDTA blood sample was store in refrigerator

for pathological study on M.P.G.I Hospital pathological lab for further study. Similarly urine

sample was collected from both groups in the first morning which is more concentrated and

more like to yield abnormal results. After the ejaculation of first few drops of urine one to

two ounce of urine was collected in the desire container.

2.3 Pathological study of Blood and Urine: Pathological study of Blood and Urine of

Group-1 and Group-2 people was done in the pathology department Maharana Pratap Group

of Institution in campus Maharana Pratap hospital, Mandana Kanpur, U.P, India pin: 209217.


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3. RESULTS

Table-1Complete Blood Count (CBC) Of Group-1

Gr-1.S.P

Hemoglob

in

R.R(13.0-

16.0gm%)

TLC

R.R(4000-

10000Cells

/cumm )

DLC Platelet

counts

R.R(1.5-4.5

Lac/cub.m.

m.)

Total RBCS

Counts

R.R(3.50-5.50

milion/cub.m.m)

Polymorp

hsR.R(50.

00-

70.00)%

Lymphocy

te

R.R(25.00-

40.00)%

Monocyte

R.R(02.00-

10.00)%

Eosinop

hilsR.R(

01.00-

06.00)%

Basophils up to

0.6% R.R

1 10.6 3200 54 32 10 04 00 2.74 2.41

2 8.8 3700 61 34 04 01 00 2.10 2.12

3 12.5 4500 62 26 08 04 01 2.32 2.35

4 13.7 3400 63 25 09 03 00 2.12 2.94

5 12.6 3800 58 32 06 04 00 1.93 3.54

6 10.7 5300 54 35 07 04 00 2.15 2.51

7 11.5 2700 59 30 08 03 00 2.64 3.14

8 14.8 4100 55 37 06 02 00 3.59 4.34

9 13.9 3600 66 23 07 04 00 3.41 4.02

10 14.6 4300 69 23 05 03 00 3.88 4.16

11 12.5 3800 54 36 06 04 00 3.12 3.88

12 14.2 4100 56 32 09 03 00 3.96 3.90

13 10.4 5200 58 30 08 04 00 2.88 2.91

14 9.8 3600 62 28 07 02 01 2.56 2.76

15 8.6 4100 59 29 08 04 00 2.67 2.66

Gr-1.S.P = Group-1 Sample person R.R= Ref.Range

TLC=Total leukocyte count DLC=Diff. Leukocyte Count


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Fig: 1 Scatter diagram of Table-1

Table-2Complete Blood Count (CBC) Of Group-2

Gr-

2.S.P

Hemoglob

in

R.R(13.0-

16.0gm%)

TLC

R.R(4000-

10000Cells/

cumm )

DLC

Platelet counts

R.R(1.5-4.5

Lac/cub.m.m.)

Total RBCS

Counts R.R(3.50-

5.50

milion/cub.m.m)

Polymorph

sR.R(50.00

-70.00)%

Lymphocy

te

R.R(25.00-

40.00)%

Monocyte

R.R(02.00-

10.00)%

Eosinophil

sR.R(01.00

-06.00)%

Basophils up

to 0.6% R.R

1 14.4 7100 64 23 09 04 00 3.54 3.71

2 13.6 5600 59 33 07 01 00 3.76 3.91

3 15.5 4500 60 26 11 03 00 4.32 4.14

4 15.3 6300 61 29 08 02 00 4.22 3.71

5 11.6 4500 57 33 07 03 00 2.93 2.97

6 10.7 5300 54 35 07 04 00 2.15 2.51

7 14.3 5700 59 30 08 03 00 2.64 3.14


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8 14.8 4100 56 36 05 03 00 3.99 4.02

9 13.9 6400 66 24 06 04 00 3.41 4.02

10 12.6 4800 61 28 08 03 00 3.88 4.16

11 12.5 3800 54 36 06 04 00 3.32 2.98

12 15.3 5100 58 32 08 02 00 4.06 3.96

13 14.2 5700 62 28 08 02 00 3.88 3.91

14 10.8 5300 61 27 09 03 00 3.93 4.12

15 14.2 6200 58 30 08 04 00 4.11 3.56

Gr-1.S.P = Group-1 Sample person R.R= Ref.Range

TLC=Total leukocyte count DLC=Diff. Leukocyte Count

Fig: 2 Scatter diagram of Table-2


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Table-3 Urine Analysis of Group-1

Gr-

1.S.P

Physical Examination Chemical Examination Microscopic examination

Color

(straw)

pH

(4.6-

8.0)

Specific

Gravity

(1.015-

1.025)

Turbidity

Absent

Sediment

Absent

Sugar

(Absent)

Albumin

(Absent)

Phosphate

(Absent)

Cast

0-5

l.p.f

Pus

cells

0-5

l.p.f

Epithelial

cell Few

RBC

cells

Negatve

or rare

Crystal

Absent

1 Yellow 5.7 1.015 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 0-2 2-3 0-2 -ve -ve

2 Color less 5.8 1.018 -ve -ve 1+ -ve -ve 0-3 0-3 1-2 -ve -ve

3 Yellow 5.5 1.021 cloudy -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 3-4 -ve 5-10 Crystali

ne urate

4 Amber

color 5.6 1.015 -ve -ve 2+ 1+ -ve 4-5 7-8 4-5 8-10 -ve

5 yellow 7.0 1.019 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 -ve 2-3 -ve -ve

6 yellow 5.8 1.018 -ve -ve -ve 1+ -ve 0-1 0-1 0-1 -ve -ve

7 orange 6.2 1.015 -ve -ve 1+ -ve -ve 4-5 5-7 2-3 9-10 -ve

8 Yellow 5.8 1.017 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 0-1 3-4 0-2 -ve Cystine

crystals

9 Orange-

yellow 6.2 1.019 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 4-5 2-3 2-3 7-8 -ve

10 Amber

color 5.6 1.017 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 0-1 0-1- -ve -ve


12 yellow 5.6 1.019 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 1-3 -ve 4-5 -ve -ve

13 yellow 4.9 1.014 -ve -ve 1+ -ve -ve 1-3 4-5 0-1 1-2 -ve

14 Slightly

pinkish 5.2 1.012 -ve -ve 2+ -ve -ve 2-3 3-4 0-2 2-3 -ve

15 Yellow 5.8 1.015 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 4-5 -ve -ve -ve

Gr-1.S.P = Group-1 Sample person h.p.f = High power field

l.p.f= lower power field -ve = absent


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Table-4 Urine Analysis of Group-2

Gr-

1.S.P

Physical Examination Chemical Examination Microscopic examination

Color

(straw)

pH

(4.6-

8.0)

Specific

Gravity

(1.015-

1.025)

Turbidity

Absent

Sediment

Absent

Sugar

(Absent)

Albumin

(Absent)

Phosphate

(Absent)

Cast

0-5

l.p.f

Pus

cells

0-5

l.p.f

Epith

elial

cell

Few

RBC cells

Negatve

or rare

Crystal

Absent

1 Yellow 5.6 1.015 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 0-2 -ve 0-2 -ve -ve


3 Yellow 5.9 1.022 ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 3-4 -ve 1-2 -ve

4 Yellow 5.7 1.015 -ve -ve 1+ - ve -ve ve 1 1-2 -ve -ve

5 yellow 5.9 1.015 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 0-1 0-1 2-3 -ve -ve

6 Yellowish

orange 5.8 1.018 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 1-2 0-1 -ve -ve




10 yellow 5.9 1.019 -ve -ve 2+ 1+ -ve 2-3 -ve 4-5 -ve -ve

11 yellow 5.5 1.016 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 1-3 4-5 0-1 1-2 -ve


13 Yellowish

orange 5.8 1.018 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 2-3 4-5 2-3 -ve

Crystaline

urate


15 Yellow 5.6 1.015 -ve -ve -ve -ve -ve 0-2 -ve 0-2 -ve -ve

Gr-1.S.P = Group-1 Sample person h.p.f = High power field

l.p.f= lower power field -ve = absent


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4: DISCUSSION: Since the ancient time mankind have been striving hard for sound health

and peace of mind, but due to modern life style polluted fruits and vegetables, stress and

anxiety, lack of physical exercise and environment pollution we are far from achieving our

ultimate goal of sound health. Despite such type of health problems Mother Nature has the

potential to provide us all type of foolproof solutions for our health problems. The nature

remains as the potential source of organic structures of unparalleled diversity and

Elaeocarpus ganitrus beads is one of the amazing plant products which heals various type of

disease due to its electromagnetic property From above pathological experiment it is shown

than Group-1 people who is calming to be healthy shown some minor imperfection in blood

CBC report and pathological experimentation of urine. Their hemoglobin, Total Leukocyte

Count (TLC), Diff. Leukocyte Counts (DLC), RBC and Platelet counts was not in the level

where we can say excellent health condition. Urine test also show that some of the group-1

people was diabetic, albumin and crystal was present in urine. But Group-2 people health

condition was almost perfectly fine and their CBC and Urine test show that their hemoglobin,

RBC, DLC and TLC is excellent condition. Physical, chemical and microscopic examination

of urine is also show that there is no major health problem.

5. CONCLUSION: From above pathological experiment shows that Group-2 people who are

regular wearer of Rudraksha beads are healthy in comparison to group-1 people who do not

wear Rudraksha bead. Group-2 people blood CBC report and Urine pathological report

authenticate that Rudraksha bead have defiantly some positive impact on our body

metabolism either by positive electromagnetic property, piezoelectric effect or acupressure

which need further scientific research. This pathological experiment reveal that this

electromagnetic bead Rudraksha have some Antiageing and Immunomodulatory Property on

human body.

6. REFERENCE

1. Dennis T. J. (1993). Rudraksha - Not Just a Spiritual Symbol but Also a Medicinal

Remedy, Sachitra Ayurved. 46. 2. P. 142

2. Joyce Diamanti (2001). More about Rudraksha, The Bead Society of Greater Washington

Newsletter, 18(2). P.6–8.

3. Seetha K.N. (2008). The Power of Rudraksha, 4th edition, Jaico Publishing House,

Mumbai, p. 23–78.


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4. Joshi SC, Jain PK. (2014). A Review on Ethnomedicinal and Traditional Uses of

Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Roxb. (Rudraksha), International Journal of Pharmacy and Biology

Science. 5(1). p. 495–511.

5. Singh B, Sharma A, Ishar MPS.(2012). Antianxiety Investigations of Centaurea behen

Linn. and Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., Journal of Pharmacy Research.5(3). p. 1483-1486.

6. Bhattacharya SK, Debnath PK, Pandey VB, Sanyal AK.(1975).Pharmacological

investigations on Elaeocarpus ganitrus, Planta Medica.28. P.174-177.

7. Gulati GL, Hyland LJ, Kocher W, Schwarting R (2009). Changes in automated complete

blood cell count and differential leukocyte count results induced by storage of blood at

room temperature.

8. Tatsumi N, Miwa S, Lewis SM. (2002). Specimen collection, storage, and transmission to

the laboratory for hematological tests, International J. Hematol. 75(3).P. 261-268.

9. Gulati GL, Hyun BH(1994).The automated CBC: a current perspective. Hematol Oncol

Clin North Am..8.p.593-603

10. http://www.healthline.com/health/cbc

11. https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/tab/test/

12. Free HM. (1996). Modern Urine Chemistry Manual. Tarrytown, NY: BayerCorporation

Diagnostics Division.

13. Van Nostrand JD, Junkins AD, Bartholdi RK.(2000). Poor predictive ability of urinalysis

and microscopic examination to detect urinary tract infection. Am J Clin Pathol

.113.P.709-13.

14. Fogazzi GB, Garigali G.(2003). The clinical art and science of urine microscopy. Curr

Opin Nephrol Hypertens .12.P.625-32.

15. http://www.healthline.com/health/urinalysis

http://www.healthline.com/health/cbc

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http://www.healthline.com/health/urinalysis

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