an exemplar of low-energy offsite manufactured … exemplar of low-energy offsite manufactured...

An Exemplar of Low-Energy Offsite Manufactured Housing: Nottingham H.O.U.S.E

The very fabric ofnew home energy efficiency

02.

Forew

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ForewordThe Saint-Gobain Nottingham H.O.U.S.E Journey

The collaborative Nottingham H.O.U.S.E (Home Optimising the Use of Solar Energy) project between Saint-Gobain and the University of Nottingham has travelled an incredible journey. As main sponsor we assisted the group of Architecture and Engineering students to detail and specify their vision of a viable starter home for the UK market, which not only met the 2016 ‘zero carbon’ challenge but also met the needs of a couple moving in to their first home that was capable of supporting a growing family.

We helped review and detail the specification, using products and solutions from the breadth and depth of the Saint-Gobain product range. Of modular construction, the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E was first assembled in Nottingham, exhibited at EcoBuild in 2010, returned to Nottingham for final development before being transported to Madrid to compete in the 2010 Solar Decathlon competition where it was awarded for its sustainability credentials. After this success it was returned to Nottingham, adapted for the UK’s climate and is now permanently sited at the Creative Energy Homes at Green Close on the University of Nottingham’s Park Campus.

The result of the extraordinary journey provides an exemplar ‘zero carbon’ solution, that is a viable, repeatable, family home suitable for the UK housing market of the future.

Stacey Temprell New-Build Sector DirectorSaint-Gobain UK & Ireland

Mark Allen Technical ManagerSaint-Gobain UK & Ireland

Saint-Gobain Nottingham H.O.U.S.E

Creative Energy HomesGreen Close University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD.

www.nottingham.ac.uk/creative-energy-homes/houses/nottingham-house

The UK Housing Market Challenge*“Research undertaken through industry/academia partnerships is a vital part of developing sustainable housing solutions to tackle the key issues of climate change, fuel poverty and the provision of warm and affordable housing. It is also vital that we educate the next generation of professionals with the knowledge to design and deliver these solutions - something we are doing here at Nottingham with our own students. We are delighted to be working in partnership with Saint-Gobain on this exciting innovative project which is the latest addition to our Green Close research houses. Not only will the Nottingham HOUSE act as a research test bed but also as a teaching and learning facility to inform people about energy saving and renewable energy technologies.”

Professor Mark Gillott, Chair in Sustainable Building DesignUniversity of Nottingham

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Rob Pannell Zero Carbon Hub

ContentsArchitecture 04-07 Design Summary 04-05 Modular Construction 06 Design Aims 07

Design Strategy 08-09 Internal Design Strategy 08 External Design Strategy 09

Industry & Academia 10-11

A Saint-Gobain Solution 12-13

Performance 14-17 UK Targets & Standards 14-16 Thermal Performance 17

Con

tents

The Zero Carbon Hub is delighted to work in conjunction with Saint-Gobain and the University of Nottingham as we develop the theory and practice to deliver zero carbon homes from 2016. Government and industry are working closely to overcome the challenges and find practical solutions on this journey to zero carbon. We are pleased that Saint-Gobain UK and the Hub are helping to coordinate industry views, find consensus and forge a way forward so the 2016 ambition can be realised. The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E is a good example of how the Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard (FEES) can be met cost effectively and provide a viable, repeatable design for low-cost, low-energy housing for the UK.

04.

Arch

itecture

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E (Home Optimising the Use of Solar Energy) is a truly family oriented ‘zero-carbon’ house. It demonstrates how low-energy architecture can be used, combining both tradition and modernity, to provide a ‘zero carbon’ design solution to provide viable, repeatable, low cost family homes for the UK’s housing market. The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E is based on the principles of PassivHaus design, meaning that it requires minimal energy for space heating. Comprising a heavily insulated building fabric, making well-considered use of glazing, offering good daylighting and low summer solar gains.

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E was designed and constructed by the University of Nottingham team for a small ‘starter’ family. In addition, it provides interesting and useful spaces to encourage and support family life. The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E has a total floor area of just 80m2, but through an effective open plan layout and use of double height space in the central family area, creates an unexpected sense of space.

The UK Housing Market ChallengeIt has been clear for some time that housing supply is not keeping up with demand. Reasons for rising demand include improved life expectancy rates and a growing number of one-person households. There are almost 1.8 million households on English Local Authority housing registers and significant levels of overcrowding in the private and social housing stock. Poor housing impacts directly on residents’ health and educational attainment, while difficulties in accessing affordable housing can also limit the ability of people to move to find work. The need to increase the supply of housing and tackle affordability issues is a key housing policy issue.

*Source: http://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/lib/research/key_issues/Key-Issues-Housing-supply-and-demand.pdf

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: ArchitectureDesign Summary

SDE 2010 - UoN Team - The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E - Deliverable # 5 51

The base model built in TAS and with which the initial assessment of energy consumption was made is shown in Figure 2.

Ground floor dimensions First floor dimensions D1 935x2055 m W6 1550x1260 mm D2 935x2055 m W7 760x1260 m D3 1020x2055 m W8 420x1770 m W1 1550x1260 m W9 1175x1770 m W2 1130x2000 m W10 590x1260 m W3 1425x2000 m W11 590x1770 m W4 935x1260 m W12 1105x1260 m W5 935x1260 m Figure 2 Geometry used to build the TAS model

Ground floor dimensions (mm)

D1 935x2055D2 935X2055D3 1020x2055W1 1550x1260W2 1130x2000W3 1425x2000W4 935x1260W5 935x1260

First floor dimensions (mm)

W6 1550x1260W7 760x1260W8 420x1770W9 1175x1770W10 590x1260W11 590x1770W12 1105x1260

SDE 2010 - UoN Team - The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E - Deliverable # 5 51

The base model built in TAS and with which the initial assessment of energy consumption was made is shown in Figure 2.

Ground floor dimensions First floor dimensions D1 935x2055 m W6 1550x1260 mm D2 935x2055 m W7 760x1260 m D3 1020x2055 m W8 420x1770 m W1 1550x1260 m W9 1175x1770 m W2 1130x2000 m W10 590x1260 m W3 1425x2000 m W11 590x1770 m W4 935x1260 m W12 1105x1260 m W5 935x1260 m Figure 2 Geometry used to build the TAS model

Space Area (m2)

Living 9.53Dining 5.77Kitchen 4.28Cooking 1.25Passages (GF) 6.12Stair (GF) 1.42Toilet (GF) 2.35Utility area 2.34Utility area 1.59Entrance foyer 3.92Bedroom 1 10.63Cut-out (dining) 5.02Bedroom 2 8.00Passages (FF) 9.64Stair (FF) 3.25Toilet (FF) 5.52Total 80.63

Nottingham H.O.U.S.E Groud Floor First Floor

05.

The intention of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E was to provide high-density urban living by using a design that can be used as part of a terrace (continuous row), as courtyard housing, or as semi-detached housing. The L-Shaped plan creates a private courtyard within the footprint and can be joined to other houses on two of its sides.

Arch

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*Images provided by the University of Nottingham.

06.

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: ArchitectureModular Construction

Arch

itecture

A prefabricated modular construction scheme was employed to enable an efficient and controlled construction process. Modular panel design means that the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E is essentially split into 8 parts. Timber framed panels externally clad with insulation provide a thermal bridge free construction which is needed to achieve such low energy performance. The nature of the construction means that the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E can be entirely pre-fabricated and erected very quickly once on-site, but by using panelised construction it also allows an option of a more traditional site based approach.

“The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: Built From 8 Fully Pre-Fabricated Modules

SDE 2010 - UoN Team - The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E - Deliverable # 5 – 02.06.2010 – Version 2201








Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4

Module 5 Module 6 Module 7 Module 8

07.

Desig

n A

ims

Passive environmental design strategies were incorporated into the design to provide a comfortable environment. The building envelope is heavily insulated and the use of glazing is controlled to offer good daylight, to reduce summer gains and to maximize winter gains. The PV array system on the roof provides electricity for the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. The Mechanical ventilation & heat recovery system is used for ventilation, heating, and cooling when passive stack methods are inappropriate. The design aims of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E were to provide the following:

High levels of insulation to provide improved occupier comfort.

Minimisation of thermal bridging to increase the thermal performance of the building envelope. Heating through the ventilation

air to maintain a high level of thermal comfort.

Heat recovery from ventilation exhaust air.

High standard of air-tightness to provide improved occupier comfort.

Improved indoor air quality (IAQ).

Optimisation of passive solar gain.

Solar shading to mitigate instances of overheating in summer.

Minimisation of energy consumption to provide a low-energy home with low running costs.

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: ArchitectureDesign Aims

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Intern

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The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: Design StrategyInternal Design Strategy

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E was designed on the architectural premise that a family home should be acoustically and visibly permeable in its communal areas to encourage and aid family life. The circulation areas were designed as interesting and useful spaces rather than just a link from one space to another; for example these spaces are big enough to use as a place for children’s play or other activities

The design also concentrated on making the most of the small overall footprint of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. Part of this space strategy was making links across both storeys; creating an open plan ground floor with some double height spaces and private rooms above. This was tied in to the environmental strategy which uses the void above the dining area for stack ventilation to keep the house fresh in summer. This void also provides a visual and acoustic link between the communal areas of the house – this is reinforced by the application of colour in a vertical band of Ecophon acoustic absorption panels to visually link the spaces and to ensure the acoustic link is useful rather than transferring unwanted noise.

To make a small footprint bigger and maximise usable space, the design concentrated on integrating storage into the walls and using fixed furniture.

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External Design Strategy

Whilst the internal strategies concentrate on providing a beautiful and efficient family space, the external design is influenced strongly by the sustainable strategies. The main entrance is on the North façade which has a limited amount of glazing, but enough to ensure an active street frontage, which is critical in developing safe communities. An application of the prototype on a site in Nottingham showed that recommended densities could be achieved while still maintaining optimal orientation and respecting the existing street pattern.

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E is clad externally in radiata pine from Chile (PEFC Certified) and then processed to produce ‘Thermowood’. The house provides a beautiful and cost effective option that is appropriate to a number of contexts. The nature of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E design means that other more traditional external treatments such as brick, render etc. can easily be used instead.

The design of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E is different in that part of its architectural footprint has been given over to a semi-conditioned South-facing courtyard which can either be shared with a neighbour’s courtyard or enclosed by the next house, making the design more attractive to home-buyers.

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The Nottingham H.O.U.S.EAn Industry/Academia Partnership

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Saint-Gobain Research & Innovation

Research and innovation are critical factors in Saint-Gobain’s sustainable habitat and construction strategy, as well as a key component of our competitive edge. The group has consistently increased its R&D budget for several years and has signed partnership agreements with internationally recognised organisations and universities.

Collaboration between industry and the academic world is becoming increasingly beneficial. The main benefit for companies from this cooperation is the access to latest research and innovative new methodologies. For Universities, companies offer business insights and to the students can contribute proven methodologies and industry expertise.

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. Collaborative Project

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. was originally designed by Rachel Hibbert, Ben Hopkins and Chris Dalton, through a diploma studio at the University of Nottingham’s Department of the Built Environment. Groups of 5th year and Masters students of architecture were asked to produce designs for a Zero Carbon house which could compete in the Solar Decathlon Europe competition*, but that could also form part of a sustainable master plan in a deprived area of Nottingham. Once the winning proposal had been selected, all of the students came together to refine the design, aided by Saint-Gobain for technical advice on products and solutions from our extensive portfolio** that would meet the ethos of sustainability, innovation and economy. Once the design had been detailed and progressed, a group of thirty second-year architecture students and fifteen third-year MEng students were enlisted to help build the H.O.U.S.E and create the prototype that is situated at the University of Nottingham’s Creative Energy Homes park today.

*The Solar Decathlon Europe is an international competition that challenges architectural student teams to design and build houses powered exclusively by the sun. The winner of the competition is the team able to score the most points in 10 contests. A 45-strong team of students from The University of Nottingham represented Britain in the first ever Solar Decathlon Europe, which took place in Madrid, Spain in June 2010, to compete against 18 universities from across the World.

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The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. project gave Architecture and Engineering students from the University of Nottingham, an opportunity to prototype an architecture solution for the real world problems of climate change, fuel poverty, comfort and energy efficiency, using real world solutions from the portfolio of Saint-Gobain.

Such projects help to train the next generation of architects and engineers through live projects supported by industry, meaning the students gain industry experience in addition to their University education, providing invaluable preparation for the real world upon graduation. Tackling the substantial problem of reducing energy usage in the built environment will take further collaboration. Often, industry has the solutions, such as in the solutions from Saint-Gobain but it is imperative that tomorrow’s designers, installers and engineers are trained in their proper an efficient use.

** Saint-Gobain UK & Ireland comprises some of the best known and trusted brands in the Construction industry. We are known for our expertise, technical know-how and innovation. Our products offer acoustic and thermal insulation products, pipes, industrial and construction mortars and other interior and exterior building solutions that deliver a wide range of benefits including energy saving, acoustic performance and thermal efficiency. Our businesses also include those that manufacture, distribute and install glass and glazing products, high performing plastics, ceramics and abrasives. When placed together our products provide an unrivalled and unique offer to the construction market.

University of Nottingham HOUSE team: Mark Gillott, Lucelia Rodrigues, Brian Ford, Robin Wilson, Guillermo Guzman, Michael Stacey, John Ramsay, Mike Siebert, Dave Oliver, Lyn Shaw, Ben Hopkins, Chris Dalton, Rachael Hibbert, Year 2 BArch & Year 3 MEng Undergraduate Studio and MSc/MArch students.

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Solution

The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: A Saint-Gobain SolutionAs Saint-Gobain, we are known for our expertise, technical know-how and innovation. Our UK and Ireland Construction Products and Innovative Materials sectors comprise some of the best known and trusted brands in the Construction industry. Our products offer acoustic and thermal insulation products, pipes, industrial and construction mortars and other interior and exterior building solutions that deliver a wide range of benefits including energy saving, acoustic performance and thermal efficiency. Our businesses also include those that manufacture, distribute and install glass and glazing products, high performing plastics, ceramics and abrasives. When placed together our products provide an unrivalled and unique offer to the construction market. In order to achieve its remarkable performance, the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E. used products and systems from the Saint-Gobain portfolio. The products and systems chosen for the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E where chosen with regards to minimising total energy consumption and maintaining an inexpensive structural scheme.

1. British Gypsum – Rigidur H with ACTIVair Technology

High performance impact resistant gypsum fibre board that gives high levels of sound insulation, Class A2 and Class 0 reaction to fire performance and excellent fixing strength. Offering superior mechanical strength, dimensional stability and environmental benefits, Rigidur H is a gypsum fibre board, manufactured from recycled paper fibre. It has been developed for high traffic applications and to meet the specialist requirements of modern methods of construction, including off-site manufacturing. The 100% recyclable board is also available in bespoke sizes for improved productivity and reduced jointing.

2. Ecophon – Ecophon Akusto™ Wall Panels

Ecophon Akusto™ Wall Panels, can be hung vertically or horizontally, available in two edge details with a wide range of colours and surfaces and the possibility to digitally print your own design. There is a choice of profiles to compliment the wall panels which are manufactured from high density glass wool.

3. Isover – Vario Membrane

A high performance membrane unique in providing excellent levels of airtightness with unparalleled protection against moisture. Improves the energy efficiency of the building by reducing heat loss through the building envelope to a tenth of that of a conventional house. Vario also improves thermal comfort by protecting against leaky cracks and joints which invariably cause uncomfortable draughts. Vario is ideal for use in low energy and Passivhaus constructions and buildings with mechanical ventilation and heat recovery systems.

PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS

ENGINEERED TIMBER CASSETTE STRUCTURES

THERMAL & ACOUSTIC INSULATION + AIRTIGHTNESS MEMBRANE

RIGIDUR H LINING

WINDOWS

PTFE SHEERFILL V FABRIC

THERMOWOOD CLADDING

ACOUSTIC CEILING & WALL PANEL SYSTEMS

SANITARYWARE & FITTINGS, SOLAR PANELS (AVANCIS)

GLASS BALUSTRADES

SOIL AND DRAIN, AND RAINWATER SYSTEMS

WORK SURFACES AND BAMBOO FLOOR KITCHEN, GENERAL BUILDING MATERIALS, TOOL HIRE & PPE

TM

13.

Solution

timber improving durability to class 2 (BS EN 350) and provides a superior finish with a beautiful, lustrous dark brown appearance.

5. Pasquill – Engineered Timber Cassettes

Panelised roof systems can play a key role for house building in these times of increasing energy performance standards, thanks to a number of their attributes. These roof and spandrel panels produced factory conditions, combined with optional floor cassettes can create a co-ordinated house kit for a complete solution. Once installed, the systems are weather-tight in hours, and tile-ready in one day, plus they offer reduced air leakage and thermal bridging. Pasquill ‘PasRoof’ pre-insulated panelised roof solution achieves a U value of 0.16W/m2K, upgradable to 0.12W/m2K with the addition of British Gypsum’s Thermal Laminates.

Neff Appliances

Designed to make life easier, Neff appliances make the perfect kitchen partner. Innovative features such as the unique Neff ‘Slide & Hide’ oven door demonstrate Neff’s attention to great design. For more information visit www.neff.co.uk.

Sonnenkraft®

Sonnenkraft® offer a wide range of optimum solutions to exploit solar energy. Whether the need is for heat, hot water or electrical power, Sonnenkraft® can accommodate your needs in the right system configuration. For more information visit www.sonnenkraft.co.uk.

PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS

ENGINEERED TIMBER CASSETTE STRUCTURES

THERMAL & ACOUSTIC INSULATION + AIRTIGHTNESS MEMBRANE

RIGIDUR H LINING

WINDOWS

PTFE SHEERFILL V FABRIC

THERMOWOOD CLADDING

ACOUSTIC CEILING & WALL PANEL SYSTEMS

SANITARYWARE & FITTINGS, SOLAR PANELS (AVANCIS)

GLASS BALUSTRADES

SOIL AND DRAIN, AND RAINWATER SYSTEMS

WORK SURFACES AND BAMBOO FLOOR KITCHEN, GENERAL BUILDING MATERIALS, TOOL HIRE & PPE

TM

Isover Frame Façade SlabA low lambda rigid glass mineral wool slab providing a continuous layer of insulation around timber frame constructions, reducing cold bridging through the frame enabling U-values down to zero carbon levels. The weatherproof, breathable facing protects the construction and negates the need for an additional breather membrane. The product features tongue and groove vertical joints to aid installation and minimise air gaps and has a full range of accessories available including wall-ties, spacers and sealing tape.

4. International Timber – Thermowood® Radiata Pine External Cladding

Thermowood® is produced from the finest quality Radiata Pine sourced from Chile, which is virtually clear of knots. It comes with PEFC certification and a fully independent audited energy and carbon trial which gives the product carbon neutral certification. The thermal process enhances the physical properties of

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The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: PerformanceUK Targets & Standards

The UK government is committed to sustainable growth and the green agenda. This is demonstrated through various legally binding targets and standards, from which the Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA) is considered one of the most important. The Act mandates an 80% reduction in CO2 from the 1990 levels, which are used as a baseline, by 2050. The Zero Carbon Buildings policy forms part of Government’s wider strategy to achieving the CCA target, while at the same time assists in tackling other important issues including energy security and fuel poverty.

Zero Carbon Policy

The policy, as set out today, requires all new homes from 2016 to mitigate, through various measures, all the carbon emissions produced on-site as a result of the regulated energy use. This includes energy used to provide space heating and cooling, hot water and fixed lighting, as outlined in Part L1A of the Building Regulations. Emissions resulting from cooking and ‘plug-in’ appliances such as computers and televisions are not being addressed as part of this policy.

This policy is well aligned with European Policy, specifically the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (recast) which requires all new buildings to be nearly Zero Energy Buildings from 2020 (nZEB), as described in Article 2 of the EPBD.

There are three core requirements which must all be met for a home to qualify as zero carbon:

There are three core requirements which must all be met for a home to qualify as zero carbon:1. The fabric performance must, at a minimum, comply with the defined standard known as the Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard

(FEES) and2. Any CO2 emissions that remain after consideration of heating, cooling, fixed lighting and ventilation, must be less than or equal

to the Carbon Compliance limit established for zero carbon homes, and3. Any remaining CO2 emissions, from regulated energy sources (after requirements 1 and 2 have been met), must be reduced

to zero.

Requirement 3 may be met by either deliberately ‘over performing’ on requirements 1 and 2 so that there are no remaining emissions, or by investing in Allowable Solutions.

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Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard (FEES)

The Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard (FEES) is the proposed maximum space heating and cooling energy demand for zero carbon homes. This is the amount of energy which would normally be needed to maintain comfortable internal temperatures and in a dwelling this can be influenced by:

• Building fabric U-values• Thermal bridging• Air permeability• Thermal mass• External heat gain (solar)• Internal heat gains such as metabolic activity or as a by-product of services

FEES should ensure that a good minimum standard of building fabric (the longest-lasting part of a home) will be embedded in all new homes. It is measured in kWh/m2yr and is therefore not affected by carbon emission factors for different fuel types.The Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard allows flexibility in design approach, and can be achieved in a variety of ways and with combinations of different materials or product specifications.

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FEES Recommended Levels

For the majority of homes, levels of 39 and 46kWh/m2/year are proposed:

• 39kWh/m2/year for apartment blocks and mid-terrace homes.

• 46kWh/m2/year for end terrace, semi-detached and detached homes. Carbon Compliance

The Carbon Compliance limit is the maximum permitted amount of CO2 (and other greenhouse gases expressed as equivalents) arising from a home’s heating, cooling, hot water use, fixed lighting and ventilation systems. This can be achieved by:

• Ensuring an energy efficient approach to building design.• Reducing CO2 emissions on-site through low and zero carbon technologies.

The Carbon Compliance Limit is expressed in kgCO2(eq)/m2/year to provide a clear link with Government’s carbon reduction strategy, and it can be met by use of a wide range of heating/fuel types.

Recommended Carbon Compliance Levels

Extensive work on Carbon Compliance was carried out in 2010 by The Zero Carbon Hub’s Task and Working Groups, comprising members from the house building and supply industries, related trade associations, consumer representatives and bodies with a specific interest in environmental objectives. Proposals for Carbon Compliance levels were published in 2011 and represent a challenging but deliverable national minimum standard. Recommended levels are:

• 10 kg CO2(eq)/m2/year for detached houses.• 11 kg CO2(eq)/m2/year for attached houses.• 14 kg CO2(eq)/m2/year for low rise apartment blocks (up to 4 storeys)

Allowable Solutions

Allowable solutions are part of the Government’s strategy for the delivery of mainstream zero carbon new homes from 2016. Through the mechanism of Allowable Solutions, the carbon emissions which can’t be cost-effectively off-set on-site, after Carbon Compliance has been achieved, will be tackled though nearby or remote measures. The specific framework under which Allowable Solutions will operate has not yet been defined.

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The Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: PerformanceThermal Performance

From the SAP calculations performed, the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E achieves 36kWh/m2/yr for the fabric alone. This gives an EPC rating of B. This represents a 46% reduction in CO2 emissions when compared with the requirements of Part L 2010 Building Regulations. This means the building fabric exceeds the fabric standards required under FEES for even an apartment block.

However, as the services to the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E are electric, these are penalised under SAP as the Carbon Compliance aspect of FESS gives a CO2 rating above the regulatory requirement. Therefore, when PV generation is added to the SAP calculation the energy usage is 0.4kWh/m2/yr and the CO2 rating is within regulatory parameters. This gives an EPC rating of A. This represents a 97.6% reduction in CO2 emissions when compared with the requirements of Part L 2010 Building Regulations.

A typical FEES standard thermal bridge value is set at 0.05W/m2/k (y-value), however with the good practice principles and detailing employed on the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E to contribute towards the SAP ratings, the y-value achieved was 0.02W/m2/k.

Saint-Gobain Specification DetailsCorner External Wall Details: In Plan• The specification detail is designed to

deliver superior airtightness and removes air permeability that can degrade the u-value.

• Vertical 18mm T&G Thermowood fixed to horizontal 18x44 P.S.E hardwood battens at 400 centres on 18 x44mm hardwood vertical battens fixed to the structure at 600 centres through 50mm Isover RKL Façade rigid insulation (External breather membrane attached) taped at joints to ensure the integrity of a wind barrier on 9mm sheathing ply (Could be replaced with OSB for racking strength).

• Internal 245 I-joists in-filled with Isover Multi-Max 30 mineral fibre insulation, with Isover Vario membrane, British Gypsum Rigidur (with ActivAir) to provide inertia in the design and reduce overheating.

• Overall U-value 1.0

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Saint-Gobain Specification DetailsGround Floor Foundation Raft Detail: Section• Roof is Sarnafil G410-EL PVC 1.2mm thick membrane (In

accordance with EN 13956 - loose laid and ballasted with concrete paving slabs). Thermal protection of the roof construction provided by 50mm Isover Roofline P35 Insulation on 18mm WBP ply fixed to 195mm timber I-joists fully filled with Isover Multi-Max 30 mineral fibre insulation. Overall U-value 0.13W/m2K.

• Moisture Protection of the roof is provided by a fully taped Isover Vario KM Duplex breather membrane above a 12.5mm British Gypsum Rigidur lining. Protection from rain is provided by the single ply membrane noted above.

• Thermal protection of the floor construction is provided by 245mm timber I-joists fully filled with Isover Multi-Max 30 mineral fibre insulation on WBP 9mm ply sheathing with Glydvale TF 200 10mm thermal break on bearing grid. Overall U-value 0.10W/m2K.

• Moisture Protection of the floors is provided by a fully taped Isover Vario KM duplex breather membrane over WBP 18mm ply, below the floating bamboo floor finish.

Saint-Gobain Specification DetailsWindow to Wall Detail: In Plan• All of the timber cassette panels are linked together with hot

rolled mild steel angles 75x75x8mm (Rolled to EN10025, 2004, Part2), fixed with 5x50mm zinc coated steel screws at minimum of 300mm centres.

• The ground floor of Modules 1 & 4 have additional racking stiffness to resist wind loads in the form of 4 mild steel flats that (Rolled to EN10025, 2004, Part2) with full strength welds forming a steel vierendeel frame, fixed with 5x50mm zinc coated steel screws at minimum of 200mm centres. All hot rolled mild sections are within the thermal envelope and are therefore primed with oil base red oxide metal primer.

• 50mm Isover RKL Façade rigid insulation is used to reduce the overall frame width and to improve thermal efficiency. The insulation is placed in front of the window frame. This reduces the thermal bridging of the window frame.

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Nottingham H.O.U.S.E: Overall Thermal and Building Comfort

According to modelling the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E in both SAP (Standard Assessment Procedure) and PHPP (Passivhaus Planning Package) the building would stay below the 25oC threshold in the peak of summer, due to its thermal design, orientation, window design and use of solar shading. The specification and construction of the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E provides the benefits of thermal mass but in the form of lightweight construction. This reduces the requirement for excessive operation of mechanical ventilation.

To also ensure that thermal comfort is achieved, the MVHR system is reliant on the control of in-filtration and ex-filtration of air. This was achieved of achieving an air-tightness performance of >3m2/m2.h@50pa. The air-tightness performance, combined with HEPA-filter technology ensures the indoor air quality (IAQ) in which ever locality the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E type would be constructed. An additional benefit to improved air-tightness as achieved with the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E, is the removal of unwanted draughts around ankles, lower back and neck, which are perceived by the human body to be cold, thereby increasing the necessity of higher indoor air temperatures than the 20oC typically found in the Nottingham H.O.U.S.E.

Issue Number: 1Issue Date: June 2014

This document is printed on revived silk and contains 100% recycled post consumer waste and is FSC accredited. Printed with vegetable based inks by an ISO14001 accredited company. The paper stock used has been carbon balanced bythe World Land Trust.

Every care has been taken to ensure that the contentsof this publication are accurate but Saint-Gobain Limitedand its subsidiary companies do not accept responsibilityfor errors or for information which is found to bemisleading. Suggestions for or descriptions of the enduse or application of products or methods of working are for information only and Saint-Gobain Limited and its subsidiaries accept no liability in respect thereof. Before using products supplied or manufactured by Saint-GobainLimited customers should satisfy themselves of their suitability. Copyright © 2014 Saint-Gobain.

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saint-gobainuk

an exemplar of low-energy offsite manufactured … exemplar of low-energy offsite manufactured...

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