i

AN ANALYSIS ON COMMISSIVE UTTERANCES IN THE FILM

ENTITLED “THE GODS MUST BE CRAZY” AND ITS IMPLICATION

ON TEACHING SPEAKING

THESIS

RIZQI ARUM PRASTUTI

K 2210075

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2015

ii

PRONOUNCEMENT

I would like to certify that the thesis entitled “AN ANALYSIS ON

COMMISSIVE UTTERANCES IN THE FILM ENTITLED “THE GODS

MUST BE CRAZY” AND ITS IMPLICATION ON TEACHING

SPEAKING” is really my own work. It is not a product of plagiarism or made by

others. Everything related to others’ works is written in quotation, the sources of

which are listed on the bibliography.

If then, this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any

academic punishment.

iii

AN ANALYSIS ON COMMISSIVE UTTERANCES IN THE FILM

ENTITLED “THE GODS MUST BE CRAZY” AND ITS IMPLICATION

ON TEACHING SPEAKING

RIZQI ARUM PRASTUTI

K 2210075

Thesis

Submitted to the Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University to fulfill one of requirements for obtaining the Undergraduate

Degree in English Education

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2015

iv

v

vi

ABSTRACT

Rizqi Arum Prastuti. K2210075. Analysis on Commissive Utterances in the

Film Entitled “The Gods Must be Crazy” and Its Implication on Teaching

Speaking. Thesis. English Department. Teacher Training and Education

Faculty. Sebelas Maret University. Surakarta.

This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The sources of the data

are the film entitled “The Gods Must be Crazy” and its transcript.

The aims of this research are 1) to find out the types of commissive

utterances used by the characters in the film entitled “The God Must be Crazy”, 2)

to describe how the characters use the strategy in uttering commissive utterances,

and 3) to describe the context of situation in which each commissive utterance is

used by the characters of the film entitled “The Gods Must be Crazy”. To achieve

the aims, the data are analyzed using (1) Austin’s three acts to infer the

illocutionary act of each utterance, (2) Searle’s theory to identify the type of the

commissive utterances, and (3) Beebe et al. and Charter’s theories to describe the

strategy in employing the commissive utterances. The writer also uses

Ethnography of Communication with SPEAKING formula as the guideline to

describe the context of situation.

The findings of this research are 1) the types of commissive utterances

employed by the characters of the film entitled “The Gods Must be Crazy” are

promise, refusal, threat, and offer; 2) most of characters in the film entitled “The

Gods Must be Crazy” use indirect speech acts in general, and in employing

commissive utterances, most of the characters uses explanation, excuse or reason

in employing refusals, using If-then in employing threat, using interrogative with

modal and justification in employing offers; 3) the factors like social status of the

interlocutors, the relationship between the participants, and the situation when the

conversation occurs do influence the way of the characters in the film entitled “the

Gods Must be Crazy” in choosing the strategy of employing the utterances.

Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, commissive

vii

ABSTRAK

Rizqi Arum Prastuti. K2210075. Analisis pada Ungkapan Komisif dalam

Film yang Berjudul “The Gods Must be Crazy” dan Implikasinya dalam

Pengajaran Speaking. Skripsi. Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu

Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data yang

digunakan adalah film yang berjudul “The Gods Must be Crazy” dan beserta

transkripnya.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) mengetahui jenis-jenis komisif yang

digunakan oleh karakter dalam film berjudul “The Gods Must be Crazy”, 2)

mendeskripsikan bagaimana karakter menggunakan strategi dalam pengucapan

ungkapan komisif, dan 3) mendeskripsikan konteks situasi dimana ungkapan

komisif digunakan oleh karakter dalam film berjudul “The Gods Must be Crazy”.

Untuk mencapai tujuan, data dianalisis menggunakan tiga tindak tutur Austin

untuk menyimpulkan ilokusi ungkapan, teori Searle untuk mengidentifikasi jenis

ungkapan komisif, dan teori Beebe, dkk. dan Charter untuk mendeskripsikan

strategi dalam menggunakan ungkapan komisif. Penulis juga menggunakan

Etnografi Komunikasi dengan formula SPEAKING sebagai panduan untuk

mendeskripsikan konteks situasi.

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1) jenis-jenis ungkapan komisif yang

digunakan oleh karakter film yang berjudul “The Gods Must be Crazy” adalah

berjanji, menolak, mengancam, dan menawarkan; 2) karakter dalam film berjudul

“The Gods Must be Crazy” menggunakan tindak tutur tidak langsung secara

umum, dan dalam menggunakan ungkapan komisif, para karakter paling banyak

menggunakan penjelasan atau alasan dalam menggunakan penolakan, memakai If-

then dalam menggunakan pengancaman, dan memakai interogatif dengan kata

bantu dan justifikasi dalam menggunakan penawaran; 3) faktor-faktor seperti

status sosial teman bicara, hubungan antara partisipan, dan situasi ketika

pembicaraan terjadi mempengaruhi cara karakter dalam film berjudul “The Gods

Must be Crazy” dalam memilih strategi penggunaan ungkapan.

Kata kunci: pragmatik, tindak tutur, komisif

viii

MOTTO

“…(Do) not grieve, indeed Allah (is) with us…”

(Quran Surah At-Taubah, verse 40)

“Man proposes, God disposes.”

(Midorima Shintarou)

ix

DEDICATION

I gratefully dedicated this research paper to:

My beloved mother and father

My beloved sister

x

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin

All praises be to Allah SWT, for His blessing that the writer is able to

finish this thesis as one of the requirements for achieving Undergraduate Degree

in English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty,

Sebelas Maret University. The writer believes that many people have given

support to her in completing this thesis, and she would like to express her greatest

gratitude to the following:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University for his permission to write this thesis.

2. The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Sebelas Maret University for his permission to write this thesis.

3. Dr. Suparno, M. Pd., the first consultant, for all his guidance, critics,

comments, and his patience in guiding the writer from the beginning to the

completion of this thesis.

4. Kristiandi, S.S., M.A., the second consultant, for his extra time to read this

thesis in details, advice, and patience to make this thesis better.

5. All the lecturers, administrative staff, and friends in English Department of

Sebelas Maret University for the assistance so the writer could all the

things during her learning in English Department.

6. Her beloved mother and father, for their great love, prayer, and all

supports that they give for the entire writer’s life.

7. Her sisters, Ajeng, and also her cousin, Mbak Desi, for the prayer and

supports.

8. Her close friends, Nadia, Tuni, Vinda, Nina, Yulia, Septi, Tetin, for the

encouragement.

9. Her family in Damai 1 Boarding House: Apin, Mbak Aji, Nurul, Sri, Septi,

Mahar, and others.

10. Paramama’s members: Nurhaa, Inna, and Mbak Tiwik for the joy, laugh,

and enjoyable music we share.

xi

11. Kakak, Mas Zuhdi, thanks for the great help in solving the writer’s

problem about her laptop and stuffs.

12. All members of English Department, especially ED ’10, thanks for the

time we have spent.

Realizing that this thesis is far from being perfect, the writer would be

very pleased for all the suggestion, criticism, and comment on this thesis better.

The writer hopes that his thesis will give some knowledge to everyone who read it.

Surakarta, March 2015

Rizqi Arum Prastuti

xii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRONOUNCEMENT ....................................................................................... ii

TITLE .............................................................................................................. iii

APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ................................................................. iv

APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS ................................................. v

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... vii

MOTTO ......................................................................................................... viii

DEDICATION ................................................................................................ ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ xii

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................ xiv

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1

A. Background of Study ............................................................. 1

B. Problem Limitation ................................................................ 4

C. Problem Statements ............................................................... 4

D. The Objectives of the Study ................................................... 5

E. The Significance of the Study ................................................ 5

CHAPTER II. THEORETICAL REVIEW ........................................................ 6

A. Sociolinguistics ..................................................................... 6

1. The Notion of Sociolinguistics ........................................ 6

2. The Scope of Sociolinguistics ......................................... 7

B. Social Dimension in Communication ..................................... 8

C. Pragmatics ........................................................................... 10

D. Speech Acts ......................................................................... 11

1. Definition of Speech Acts ............................................. 11

xiii

2. Direct and Indirect Speech Acts .................................... 12

3. Classification of Speech Acts ........................................ 13

E. Commissives ....................................................................... 21

F. Context ................................................................................ 25

G. Film ..................................................................................... 27

1. The Notion of Film ....................................................... 27

2. Synopsis of “The Gods Must be Crazy” ........................ 28

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................ 30

A. Type of Research ................................................................. 30

B. Data and Source of Data ...................................................... 30

C. Sample and Sampling Technique ......................................... 31

D. Equipment of the Research .................................................. 31

E. Technique of Collecting Data .............................................. 31

F. Technique of Coding Data ................................................... 32

G. Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................. 33

H. Trustworthiness ................................................................... 34

CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ....................... 35

A. Introduction .......................................................................... 35

B. Data Analysis ...................................................................... 35

C. Discussion ........................................................................... 64

CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ......... 73

A. Conclusion .......................................................................... 73

B. Implication .......................................................................... 74

C. Suggestion ........................................................................... 74

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 90

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 93

xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES

1. The script of “The Gods Must be Crazy” film.

2. Research data of commissives.

3. Legalization.