amsc d-var solutions 2015

AMSC D-VAR STATCOM Systems

2015

• AMSC (American Superconductor) is a leading global manufacturer of

solutions for electric grids.

• AMSC solutions are powering 14 GW of renewable energy and enhancing the

performance and reliability in power networks in more than a dozen

countries.

• Founded in 1987 as a spinoff from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

(MIT)

• Headquartered near Boston, Massachusetts with operations in Asia,

Australia, Europe and North America.

2

AMSCIntroduction

AMSC Proprietary and Confidential

Grid and Wind Businesses

Wind Turbine Controls &

Power Conversion Systems

Advanced Conductors and

Surge Protection Systems

• AMSC Windtec designs

and licenses wind turbines

for manufacture – 14GW’s

installed

• AMSC manufactures brain

and nerve center of the

wind turbine

• Ensure efficient, high-

performance operation

• AMSC designs and

manufactures FACTs

systems for the Utility

Renewable and Industrial

markets.

• Provides enhance grid

performance through

voltage support to

improve reliability and

power transfer capability

• AMSC is the world leader

in the design and

manufacture of HTS wire

and HTS power systems

and equipment.

• Unique enabler for load

sharing between urban

substations

• Deliver transmission level

power at distribution

voltage and cost

Grid Interconnection & Power

Capacity/Reliability Systems

3AMSC Proprietary and Confidential

AMSC Regional OfficesSales and service support worldwide

AMSC

Wisconsin

AMSC HQ

MassachusettsAMSC

China

AMSC

India

AMSC

Korea

AMSC

United

Kingdom

AMSC

Australia

AMSC

Austria

4

Brazil

Sales

South Africa

Sales

Germany

Sales



AMSC’s Gridtec SolutionsSmart grid solutions from generation to end use

• Renewable Energy

Plant Solutions

• Power Plant

Generators

• Reactive Power

Support

• Voltage Regulators

• AC Power Cables

• HVDC Power Cables

• HTS Fault Current

Limiters

• Reactive Power

Support

• AC Power Cables

• HTS Fault Current

Limiters

• Substation

Interconnection

• Power Quality

Solutions

• Indoor HTS

Power Cables

End UseDistributionTransmissionEnergy Generation

• Power Quality

Applications and

Solutions

• Transmission

planning Studies

• Harmonic Analysis

• Voltage Stability

Studies

Engineering

Services

AMSC STATCOM BusinessD-VAR® STATCOM System Applications

Renewables

• Delivery of more power on existing transmission & distribution assets

• Postpone investments

• Improvement of power stability, availability, quality and reliability

• 21 Systems Installed

• Largest System Size: -96/+240MVAr

• Enables renewable power to “act like” power from a conventional source so it can be smoothly integrated into the power grid in compliance with local grid codes


• Largest System Size: +310/-256MVAr

• Eliminate voltage disturbances to ensure high power quality for semiconductor fabs, mining operations and other industrial processes.


• Largest System Size: +/-168 MVAr

RenewablesUtilities Industrials



Energy Generation SolutionsReliably and safely connecting renewables to the grid

End UseDistributionTransmissionEnergy GenerationEngineering

Services

Utility Scale Wind Farms Utility Scale Solar Parks

• D-VAR® STATCOM solutions to assist wind

farms in meeting the most stringent

interconnection requirements

• Over 100 installations worldwide

• D-VAR® STATCOM solutions and solar PV plant

controls to maximizes power generation and

system health

• Installations with some of the world’s largest

solar PV developers


Flexible AC Transmission SystemsEnhancing transmission power capacity and reliability

End UseDistributionTransmissionEnergy GenerationEngineering

Services

• Designed to increase flexibility and

boost power system performance

• Instantly detects voltage disturbances

and rapidly compensates by injecting

leading or lagging reactive power

• Helping utilities recovery from system

voltage collapse events and eliminate

stability related power transfer

limitations

• Advanced controls and SCADA

capabilities

9

AMSC D-VAR® Installations Across

North America

Utilities

Industrials

Wind Farms

Solar Plants


AMSC D-VAR® Installations Across

Europe and Asia

Utilities

Industrials

Wind Farms

Solar Plants


AMSC D-VAR® Installations:

Australia and New Zealand


• Lake Bonney 1 Wind Farm – Suzlon, South Australia

• Lake Bonney 2 Wind Farm – Suzlon, South Australia

• Prominent Hill Mine – OzMinerals, South Australia

• Clements Gap Wind Farm – Suzlon, South Australia

• Waterloo Wind Farm – Vestas, South Australia

• Hallett Wind Farm - Suzlon, South Australia

• Hallett Hill Wind Farm - Suzlon, South Australia

• North Brown Hill Wind Farm - Suzlon, South Australia

• Snowtown Wind Farm - Suzlon, South Australia

• Bluff Wind Farm - Suzlon, South Australia

• White Hills Wind Farm – Vestas, New Zealand

• Tararua Wind Farm - Vestas, New Zealand

• Collgar Wind Farm – Vestas, Western Australia

• Ergon St George SVC Replacement – Ergon, Queensland

• Karara Mine, Karara, Western Australia

• Western Power Eneabba Substation – Western Power, Western Australia

• Musselroe Wind Farm – Vestas, Tasmania

• Micron, Singapore

• Nyngan Solar Farm, Nyngan, New South Wales

STATCOM Technology

STATCOM = STATic COMpensator

A STATCOM is a Power Electronic device

comprised of Power Inverters to inject Reactive

Current into a power system for the purpose of

controlling system Voltage or Power Factor

13

What is a STATCOM?

14

Inverter System

DC or AC

SourceInverter

TransformerInverters

IGBT

Power System

IGBT - Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor

+

-

• Devices 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B are IGBT’s acting as fast switches

• Capacitors hold DC charge

• Lf and Cf are AC smoothing filter components

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Single Phase Inverter

Lf

Cf

1A

1B

2A

2B

ACSource

+

-

(Four Quadrant)

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Positive Current Flow

ON

ON

current out

return current

Lf

Cf

1A

1B

2A

2B

AC

+

-

Source

• Switches 1B and 2A are ON

• Switches 1A and 2B are OFF

• Current flows from DC bus via IGBT switches

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Negative Current Flow

ON

ON

current out

return currentLf

Cf

1A

1B

2A

2B

AC

+

-

Source

• Switches 1A and 2B are ON

• Switches 1B and 2A are OFF

• Current flows from DC bus via IGBT switches

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Sine Wave Formed by Using PWMC

urr

en

t

Time

PWM - Pulse Width Modulation

Switching frequency is about 4 kHz

The amplitude and phase angle of the injected current with

respect to the voltage will determine the amount of the real

and reactive power output that flows through the inverter

19

Current Control

• A six IGBT bridge can create three-phase current

• The source is common to all three phases

• Again, IGBTs control current phases with respect to voltage,

hence, controlled Watt and VAR flow

20

Three-Phase Inverter Module

+

-

Lf

Cf

3-Phase AC CurrentSource

Utility Installation Examples

Distance View of SubstationDynamic Reactive Support System

D-VAR® System – Top View

23

D-VAR® System – Side View

D-VAR® STATCOM System

D-VAR STATCOM System Capability

• Continuous Output: -36/+180 MVAR

• Dynamic Output: -96/+240 MVAR


Collgar WF D-VAR® Installation

D-VAR STATCOM

System Capability

• Continuous Output:

-96/+148 MVAR

• Dynamic Output:

-256/+308 MVAR

Collgar WF D-VAR® Installation

26

33 kV

2 x 180MVA

275-220/33 kV

Transformer

2 x 13 MVAR

Cap BankD

-VA

R

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

MCE

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

MCE

N.O.

PT

CT

PT PT

CT

220 kV

To Collgar

Terminal

MVAR Control

Monitoring

Master Control

Enclosure

2 x 13 MVAR

Cap Bank

Collgar WF Collgar WF

96 MVAR

2 x 12 x 4 MVAR

D-VAR STATCOM

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

D-V

AR

96 MVAR

2 x 12 x 4 MVAR

33/0.48 kV Transformers

• Provides sub-cycle dynamic reactive capability – both leading and lagging

• Has short term overload capability of 3.0 times its continuous rating

• Seamlessly switch other shunt devices and is in communication with the utility

system operations & control center via SCADA

• IEEE519 Compliant Harmonic performance

27

AMSC’s D-VAR® STATCOM System


Reactive

Power

3.0 Per

Unit Rating

0

1 Per Unit

Rating

Rated MVA Current

Continuous Reactive Current

1.0 2.0 80

Dynamic Reactive Current

“Overload”

3.0

Proprietary Technology Provides a Combination of Continuous

Dynamic VARs with Additional Overload Boost – Provides for a more cost effective solution

D-VAR® STATCOM Dynamic Capability


AMSC D-VAR® Controller Configurations

• Slow regulation with shunt-device switching- Uses D-VAR and multiple caps/inductors to regulate

- Regulate voltage, power factor, or constant susceptance

- Optional turbine control interface for additional VAR control

• Fast transient mitigator- Responds quickly w/ overload to protect local assets (load or generation)

- Used with or without slow regulator controller

• Voltage collapse protection- Post-fault VAR injection to bootstrap voltage

• Customer specific modifications- Motor-start mitigation

- Transient mitigator with quasi-independent capacitor switching

D-VAR® System Control Options

• Voltage Control

• Power Factor Control

• Constant MVAR Control

• Capacitor/Reactor Bank Switching Control

• Wind Farm/Solar Plant MVAR Output Control

• Power Oscillation Dampening


Boosting Output Bucking Output

1.00

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

0.96

0.97

0.98

0.99

Reference Voltage = 1.00pu

Voltage (pu)

1x2x3x 1x 2x 3x

Deadband

Buck Droop = 2%

Boost Droop = 2%

1.05

0.95

D-VAR System’s

Droop Setting Options

• Independent boost and buck droop slopes

• Droop slope adjustable from 1% to 10%

• Adjustable reference or target voltage

• Optional dead band and D-VAR output

limits

• Can switch between voltage and power

factor control

Buck Hard Limit = 1.050pu

Boost Hard Limit = 0.950pu

Fast Buck Turn On

Fast Boost Turn On

Buck Turn On

Boost Turn On

D-VAR® System - Voltage Control


PF Control Switch to Voltage Control Mode

MVAR Output (D-VAR®)

Vo

lta

ge

(p

u) In PF Control

In Voltage Control

In Voltage Control


33

AMSC Patented Soft Switch Technology

Proprietary AMSC D-VAR® system

provides truly seamless integration of

shunt capacitor and/or reactor banks

Result: Lower Cost Solution with Proven Performance

34

D-VAR® System Configuration

Laptop computer

MCB

Control Hub

DAS

Modbus/TCPSCADA

Fiber optic Ethernet

to Customer SCADA

FirewallRouter

HMI usingTCP/IP

wire

fiber

Comm Hub

PMEC

CAN Hub

Inverter 02

Inverter 01

Inverter 04

Inverter 03

wire

fiber

PME01

PMEC

CAN Hub

Inverter 02

Inverter 01

Inverter 04

Inverter 03

PME02

wire

fiber

wire

fiber

wire

fiber

wire

fiber

wire

fiber

wire

fiber

Customer

Interface

PT inputsCT inputsCapacitors

Reactorsetc.

wire

fiberMCE

More

PME's

Fiber optic connections

are dashed.

Control Ethernet

General Comm Ethernet

CAN Protocol

SCADA over Ethernet

BroadbandInternetMCE


• PME controller collects local diagnostic data

• MCB/SGI collects system control data

• All data is streamed to DAS which has a hard-drive storage

• Historical data maintained on DAS for weeks to months

depending on the type and volume

• Each controller has local

non-volatile (Flash) storage for

maintaining configuration

information

35

Controllers Utilized

DAS - Data Acquisition Systems


36


MCB Analog Input Capabilities

• Up to 4 PT’s and 3 CT’s

• AC waveforms sampled at 5 kHz

• Digital filter computes sequence components (Pos, Neg, and

Zero)

• Control logic runs at 750 Hz

• Additional analog channels available for custom requirements


37

Types of Data Stored

• Measurements

• Alarms

• Parameters

• Digital events


• Low speed “trend” data

- Slow average window triggered (For viewing slow daily type

variations)

- Typical rate is every 30-60 min

- Unfiltered Min/Max every 8 hours (with separate timestamps)

• High-speed, event-triggered capture

- 5 kHz AC waveforms

- 750 Hz “processed” data and control outputs

- Configurable pre-trigger and post-trigger durations (e.g. 0.5 sec

pre- and 0.5 sec post-trigger)

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Types of Data Stored - Measurements


• Off-line monitoring of data

• Minimum of one year of historical data available

• Older data stored on CDs and can be retrieved as needed

• High-speed data captures can be flagged to not be purged

after one year (permanent availability)

• Secure web access

39

AMSC DataParkSM

Website


40

AMSC DataParkSM Website


41

D-VAR® System’s HMI

HMI Using TCP/IP

Laptop Computer


• Windows based GUI application

• Connects to DAS (works via SCADA connection too)

• Allows

– Live measurement of data

– Send commands (Run, Stop, Clear Alarms, etc.)

– Look up / change parameters

– View / clear active alarms

– View history log of digital events, parameter changes, alarm transitions, etc.

– Search DAS hard-drive (months of historical data are available)

– View details of various subsystems, e.g., individual inverter DC bus voltages, PME measured current output, etc.

42

D-VAR® System’s HMI

GUI - Graphical User Interface


Unbalanced RMS Current Injection

Figure 2

AMSC Proprietary and Confidential 43

Icmd B

Icmd A

Icmd C

Pre-fault

Icmd A,B,C

Pre-fault

T-line currents

44

DIgSILENT PowerFactory, PSCAD &

CDVAR2 PSSE Models

- Very accurate representation for all D-VAR® applications

- Features the actual D-VAR control code and allows detailed modeling of Vestas Wind Park Controller interface in Master or Slave Mode

- Allows the user access to all relevant D-VAR parameters

- Substantial debugging and trouble shooting capabilities

- Used by AMSC for all internal simulation work

- Model is complicated, but detailed user manuals are available

- Model is confidential, but available through a non-disclosure agreement with AMSC


• AMSC Support Capability for Systems Engineering

– Steady-state Load Flow (power flow) Studies

– Dynamic and Stability Analysis

– Harmonics and Resonance Scans

– Power Transfer Capability Studies

• Planning and Simulation Tools (Software)

– PTI PSS/E Load Flow and Stability

– DIgSILENT load Flow, Stability, Harmonics, Short Circuit

– PSCAD and RTDS

– GE PSLF Load Flow and Stability

• Global Experience

– Studies Performed for Utilities worldwide, Renewable Generation Plants,

and Industrial Plants

AMSC Planning & Engineering Services

AMSC Proprietary and Confidential 45

• Systems that meet International standards and Utility

specifications.

• Highly modular system providing high degree of reliability and

availability. Multiple levels of inherent redundancies.

• Field proven with over 100 installations worldwide in varied

environmental conditions.

• Cost effective and highly reliable ambient air cooled outdoor

design.

• Configurable Installations to fit in available substation space.

• Proven Controls and Interfaces with Vestas PPC. Fully meets TPS.

46

AMSC D-VAR STATCOM Systems


John Wright-Smith

[email protected]

Ph: 0488200458

amsc d-var solutions 2015

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