amphibians, reptiles & birds. amphibia (frogs, salamanders, newts) the first vertebrates to...
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Amphibians, Reptiles & Birds
Amphibia (frogs, salamanders, newts)
• The First vertebrates to colonize land
• Evolved from the Lobe-Finned Fish
• Have lungs that allow them to breathe air instead of water
• Limited to damp environments
Adaptations to Land• Fins became
strengthened to allow terrestrial locomotion
• Appearance of lungs, allowing them to breathe air
• Skin permeable to water, allowing some gas exchange underwater. They can also breathe through it.
• Have a three - chambered heart
Metamorphosis• Characterized by metamorphosis,
where the animal change its shape during its different life stages.– Stage 1: Larvae (Aquatic: A-D)– Stage 2: Adult (Semi-Aquatic: E-F)
Reproduction
•Reproduce via external fertilization and egg gestation, both requiring water.
Reptilia• Evolved from Amphibians• Includes extinct Dinosaurs,
and living lizards, snakes, turtles and crocodiles.
• Adapted to terrestrial land by having dry scales on their skin, and highly-developed lungs
Reptile Circulation• Reptiles have an advanced 4-chambered
heart• Mostly ectothermic, meaning their body
temperature is determined by their external environment.
Reptile Reproduction• Reproduce by
internal fertilization
• Oviparous– lay eggs with soft
water-resistant shells that do not require external water for development
– embryo protected by the amniotic membrane
Aves (Birds – or ARE they?.....)
• Believed to have evolved from the Dinosaurs
• Adapted for flight
• Bird feather may be a type of adapted reptile scale
Flight Adaptations• Feathers attached to
their skin • Bones are very light and
honey-combed in structure
Other Adaptations• Endothermic (control their own internal
temperature)• Have a 4-chambered heart (like reptiles &
mammals)• Have a Beak instead of teeth• Reproduce by internal fertilization and are
oviparous (eggs have hard, water-resistant shell)