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The Challenges of Integrating Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources –
what we can learn from smart grid research and demonstrations
Lisa Dignard-Bailey, Program Director
Natural Resources Canada
Outline
§ Introduction § Federal research CanmetENERGY § Integration of renewable energy in
distribution networks in Canada § Research and demonstration § Summary
Source: www.Canwea.ca
Solar Photovoltaic reached 196MW in 2010
Cumulative PV Capacity installed in Canada from 1992 - 2009
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Year
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ity (M
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Centralized (MW)Grid-connected (MW)Off-grid (MW)
A wide ranging effort have been initiated by the provinces targeting renewable energy development
§ Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act, 2009 – Wind, biomenergy, solar, hydro focus on job creation
§ Québec released its Energy Strategy in 2006. Jointly with its Plan Nord objectives, more than 7 500 MW of hydroelectric power and 4 300 MW of wind power will be implemented before 2035
§ Northern territories (Yukon, NWT, Nunavut): Ø Creating a Brighter Future Ø Reducing dependence on diesel
power in remote communities Ø Geothermal, Solar, Wind
§ British Columbia -Clean energy Act, 2010
§ Alberta – Bioenergy, wind energy and transmission
§ Manitoba wind-hydro generation and synchrophasor
§ New Brunswick power shift project – wind integration
§ Nova Scotia Renewable Electricity Plan - Wind and Tidal
§ Newfoundland Labrador Hydro power and transmission
§ Prince Edward Island wind energy strategy
§ Saskatchewan, wind
CanmetENERGY: Who are we?
§ Goal: To ensure that Canada is at the leading edge of clean energy technologies to reduce air and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the health of Canadians.
§ Research and development arm of department of Natural Resources Canada
§ Over 450 scientists, engineers, and technicians spread over three research centres (Ottawa, Devon, and Varennes).
Research Program Objective:
To support national S&T efforts that will contribute to the
modernization of the electricity grid network, enhance the
benefits of renewable and clean distributed energy
resources, increase diversity and reliability of supply, and
facilitate recovery after disruptions.
Study Electricity System Planning and Operation with Variable Generation Mix
Real time Energy
Management
Customer Load
Variable Sources
Current value
Forecast kW Electricity
kW Heat +
Current value
Forecast
Dispatchable Sources
Fast acting Controls
Optimal operation
Electricity Market
$
Step Into
DG Protection and Safety Study Group
New Brunswick (CYMDIST model)
Distribution Systems Research Study for Multiple Generation – protection & coordination : § Goal is to have national interconnection standards across the country as opposed to each province or utility
having unique requirements which would drive costs up and discourage adoption of alternate energy technologies.
§ Planning to report findings with conclusions and recommendations for application of smart grid technologies
Ontario (MATLAB&SIMULINK
equivalent model)
British Columbia (CYMDIST model)
Research Plan to Study High Penetration Photovoltaic Power (2010-2015)
www.iea-pvps.org
Research Highlight
Source: Dave Turcotte Canadian overhead residential feeder Benchmark
X 9 X 9 X 9 X 9
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C
X 9 X 9 X 9
X 9 X 9 X 9
X 9
X 9
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X 9 X 9 X 9
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X 9
B
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
20 m
2 km
20 m
20 m
20 m
Substation
250 m 250 m 250 m 250 m
1 km
1 km
A B
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1 km
0 AWG ASC
336
kcm
il A
SC
20 m
3 MVA PF 0.90
3 MVA PF 0.90
2 MVA PF 0.95
2 MVA PF 0.95
2 MVA PF 0.95
Sub-Network A
0 AWG ASC
1/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE
4/0 AWG, Aluminum, XLPE
75 kVA14.4 kV/120 V/240 V
94 MVA120 kV/25 kV
60 MVA PF 0.95
3 MVA PF 0.9 3 MVA PF 0.92 MVA PF 0.9
2 MVA PF 0.9
2 MVA PF 0.9
216 PV Houses
PSCAD model
§ Special study to address impact of high PV penetration on voltage profiles in Residential Neighbourhoods Ø A model using PSCAD/EMTDC has been developed for
a Canadian overhead residential benchmark. Ø Addresses key question raised by utilities
“Rural electricity coopera.ve” -‐ saving remain in the community Ø AMI for 66 residences and 18 buildings Hartley Bay, BC -‐ first smart grid of its kind in North America. Ø 2010-‐11 -‐ Research on demand responsive load and validate op.mal smart grid opera.on. Ø Knowledge base will improve our understanding of cost-‐benefit of advanced metering infrastructure Ø Target fuel cost reduc.on: $50,000-‐100,000 per year.
Band Office
Resident
Research Highlight Smart Remote Microgrid
Source: Pulse Energy
International research cooperation
§ Publicly available R&D results
§ To share lesson learned from Strategic Research Programs in North America, Europe and Asia
www.4thintegrationconference.com
14
Smart Grid Applications
Real-time Simulation and Contingency Analysis
Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Sources
Self-Healing Wide-Area Protection and Islanding
Asset Management and On-Line Equipment Monitoring
Demand Response and Dynamic Pricing
Participation in Energy Markets
Source: Electric Power Research Institute – EPRI IntelliGrid
Smart Grid Redefines Industry Boundaries
Building industry (Automation Systems, Lighting, HVAC)
Electrical power industry (Generators, Transformers, Wires)
Telecommunication industry (Router, Fiber, Internet, Phone)
Manufacturers (Electronic, Appliance, Car)
Smart Grid products &
services
Source: David Beauvais
Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Zone de réseau interactif, Hydro-Québec
-‐ Demonstra+on of DMS/VVO, AMI, PHEV charging, distributed genera+on integra+on
Updates: -‐ The Volt-‐VAR program (CATVAR) is deployed and opera+onal in the Smart Grid Zone. More have been added outside of the Smart Grid Zone. -‐ 3000 of the planned 5800 AMI meters have been installed. -‐ 35 of 50 planned Electric Vehicle (EV) charging sta+ons planned for 2011 have been installed and are opera+onal. -‐ 25 special equipped EVs are on the road with on-‐board data acquisi+on to track data such as usage parameters and charging requirements.
-‐ Project update : hYp://bit.ly/qdn4K4
Hydro-Québec Smart Zone
Source : EPRI EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Update (August 15th 2011)
Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Golden & Field Project, BC Hydro
Golden & Field – Two 1 MW baYery storage systems – To support substa+on and transmission constraints (2 MW with DR) – Peaking support and islanding support for remote community (500 kW) Updates : -‐ BaYery RFP • Spec based on func+onal requirements: Peak shaving & Islanding • NAS baYeries (NGK) selected • Integrator RFP : S&C Electric company § Commission planned spring 2012
Press release & video : hYp://bit.ly/qJRj9h
Source : Jaime Peralta & Helen Whittaker, BC Hydro
Clean Energy Fund Demonstration Project Power Measurement Ltd (Schneider) The Project will demonstrate what is called an Energy Management Business Intelligence Plaeorm (EMBIP) system § GHG monitoring § Peak shaving § Voluntary load curtailment 3 sites: § Suncor Tower (Calgary) § Brookfield Place (Toronto) § Bri+sh Columbia Ins+tute of Technology (BCIT) campus Updates : § Consump+on Repor+ng and Load Factor U+liza+on soiware demonstra+ons at the Suncor Towers and BCIT Campus sites. § When fully implemented, the total GHG emissions calcula+ons will be available to tenants and building operators
Source : Schneider, BCIT Campus showing locations on the campus map of the current meters
Clean Energy fund Project Powershift Atlantic, Maritimes
Development of a Virtual Power Plant Ancillary Service : Load following variable genera+on Project Objec+ves : 1. Evaluate if load control is a cost effec+ve and reliable ancillary service to dispatch net requirements. 2. Evaluate load control performance in response to measured and forecasted wind power. 3. Evaluate the customers’ role and their acceptance of u+lity control for the purposes of renewable energy integra+on.
Updates : -‐ Posi+ve feedback from popula+on -‐ Tests with Tantalus (Sharkfin technology) -‐ Tests with Sequentrix -‐ VPP provider to be known end of 2011 Web site : www.powershiiatlan+c.com
Source : PowerShift Atlantic, Michel Losier
Collaboration Site - EPRI Smart Grid Resource Center www.smartgrid.epri.com
Menu Use Case Repository
Calendar
Smart Grid Demo
Related Links
News
Newsletters
National & International Collaboration
Ø Ontario Smart Grid Forum Ø Interna.onal Smart Grid Ac.on Network (ISGAN)
Ø IEA Smart Grid Roadmap (Published in 2011)
Ø Grid Integra.on of Variable Renewable (GIVAR) Studies + Tool for flexibility assessment
Ø Major Economies Forum Technology Ac.on Plan
Ø Clean Energy Dialogue (Canada-‐US)
Ø Standards Task Force
International Smart Grid Action Plan www.iea-isgan.org
• “Global Smart Grid Inventory” of smart grid-enabling programs and policies 1
• Case Studies using a common framework and metrics 2
• Benefit/Cost Methodologies (bottom-up & top-down) and related Policy Toolkits to assess smart grid investments 3
• Synthesis for High-level Decision Makers (e.g., CEM Ministers ) of insights from ISGAN and related projects
4
Smart Grid Technology and Standards Task Force
Transmission & Distribution
Consumer
Security & Privacy
Ontario Smart Home Roadmap
Ontario Smart Home Roadmap - Independent System Operator, “Modernizing Ontario’s Electricity System: Next Steps - Second Report of the Ontario Smart Grid Forum”, May 2011
Smart Microgrid Research Network (Funding from NSERC: 2010-2015)
http://www.smart-microgrid.ca/
• Brings together researchers in the telecommunication and power system field to develop innovative solutions for
smart grid applications and microgrids.
Smart Grid/Microgrid Research Effort
Renewable Generation
Demand Response
Conventional/���Traditional Grids
Smart Microgrid
Smart Microgrid
Smart Microgrid
Smart ���Zone
Smart ���Zone
Smart Grid
Applications ���remote, ���grid connected, renewables, etc.
Smart Microgrid Network – Theme 1
§ Operation, Control, and Protection of Intelligent Microgrids Ø Control, Operation, and Renewables
for Remote Microgrids (Univ. of Toronto)
Ø Distributed Control, Hybrid Control, and Power Management (Univ. of Toronto)
Ø Status Monitoring, Disturbance Detection, Diagnostics, and Protection (Univ. of Alberta)
Ø Operational Strategies and Storage Technologies to Address Barrier for Very High Penetration of DG Units (McGill)
Smart Microgrids Network – Theme 2
§ Intelligent Microgrid Planning, Optimization and Regulatory Issues Ø Cost-benefits Framework - Secondary Benefits
and Ancillary Services (McGill)
Ø Energy and Supply Security Considerations (Univ. of Toronto)
Ø Demand Response Technologies and Strategies - Energy Management and Metering (Univ. of Waterloo)
Ø Integration Design Guidelines and Performance Metrics - Study Cases (Univ. of Manitoba)
Smart Microgrid Network – Theme 3
§ Intelligent Microgrid Communication and Information Technologies Ø Universal Communication Infrastructure
(UBC)
Ø Grid Integration Requirements, Standards, Codes and Regulatory Considerations (McGill)
Ø Distribution Automation Communications: Sensors, Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection (Univ. of New Brunswick)
Ø Integrated Data Management and Portals (BCIT)
Summary
§ Support the establishment of a reliable and efficient electricity distribution infrastructure able to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources;
§ Support and influence the development and harmonization of standards;
§ Establish a consortium of leading industry/utility research centers, national laboratories, and universities and increase the pool of specialists that this industry needs to bring their products and services to the market place;
§ Facilitate the market acceptance of renewable energy that will contribute to meeting Canada's policy goals.
1615, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, Canada
http://canmetenergy.nrcan.gc.ca
CanmetENERGY
ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative
§ The ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative (ecoEII) is a new program that received $97 million in funding in Budget 2011, the Next Phase of Canada’s Economic Action Plan
§ Research and development (R&D) and demonstration projects on energy technology innovation
§ Up to 50 % funding from the federal government.
§ Call for Letters of Interest
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