what is phonics?€¦ · throughout year 1 and year 2 phonics is streamed. based on the assessments...

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What is Phonics?

What is Phonics? Children begin to learn Phonics in Foundation

Stage.

Once children begin learning sounds, they use

this knowledge to read and spell words. Children

can then see the purpose of learning sounds. For

this reason, the first initial sounds that are taught

are ‘s’, ‘a’, ‘t’, ‘p’, ‘i’, ‘n’.

These can immediately be blended for reading

to make simple CVC words e.g. sat, pin. Children

then develop segmenting skills to write.

Teaching of Phonics

We have daily 20 minutes Phonics sessions.

Our children are assessed by the class teacher

every term.

In Foundation Stage the children are split into

two groups during the teaching of Phonics.

Throughout Year 1 and Year 2 Phonics is

streamed. Based on the assessments the children are grouped accordingly.

We use the Letters and Sounds scheme of work

alongside Jolly Phonics. Jolly Phonics songs and

actions help children learn the sounds.

Blending

Recognising the letter sounds in a written word,

for example

c-u-p

and merging or ‘blending’ them in the order in which

they are written to pronounce the word ‘cup’.

We use blending to read.

Segmenting

‘Chopping Up’ the word to spell it out.

The opposite of blending.

Identifying the individual sounds in a

spoken word (e.g. h-i-m , s-t-or-k) and

writing down letters for each sound to

form the word him and stork.

We use segmenting to write.

The same phoneme (sound) can be represented in more than one way:

burn first term heard work

Phases in

Phonics

Purpose of Phase 1 Explore and experiment with sounds and

words.

Distinguish between different sounds in the environment and phonemes.

Learn to orally blend and segment sounds in words.

By the end of Phase 1 Children will have experienced a wealth of listening

activities including songs, stories and rhymes.

They will be able to distinguish between speech

sounds and many will be able to blend and

segment words orally.

Some will also be able to recognise spoken words

that rhyme and will be able to provide a string of

rhyming words, but inability to do this does not

prevent moving on to Phase Two as these speaking

and listening activities continue.

Purpose of Phase 2 Learn 19 phonemes and know the graphemes

that represent them.

Move on from orally blending and segmenting

to blending and segmenting letters to read and

spell (maybe with magnetic letters) VC and

CVC words.

Introduce two syllable words, simple captions

and some tricky HFW.

Phase 2 letter progression

Set 1: s a t p

Set 2: i n m d

Set 3: g o c k

Set 4: ck e u r

Set 5: h b f,ff l,ll ss

Purpose of Phase 3 Teach another 25 phonemes and

graphemes to go with them.

Learn letter names.

Continue to practise blending and segmenting using new phonemes and two syllable words.

25 phonemes taught in Phase 3 Letters 3i

Set 6: j v w x

Set 7: y z,zz qu

Consonant digraphs: 3ii ch sh th ng

Vowel digraphs: 3iii ai ee igh

oa oo ar or ur ow oi

ear air ure er

Purpose of Phase 4

To consolidate children’s knowledge of

graphemes in reading and spelling words containing adjacent consonants and polysyllabic words.

Phase 4 • can blend adjacent consonants in words and apply

this skill when reading unfamiliar texts (CCVC,

CVCC, CCVCC).

step list clap grasp strap

• can segment adjacent consonants in words and

apply this in spelling.

Purpose of Phase 5 Children broaden their knowledge of

graphemes and phonemes for use in

reading and spelling.

Learn new graphemes and alternative pronunciations some of which they will have already encountered in high frequency words.

Learn to choose the appropriate graphemes when spelling and begin to build up word specific knowledge.

New Graphemes for Reading

Alternative Pronunciations

Tricky words and activities Tricky words cannot be ‘sounded-out’.

They are words we just have to learn, there are a set of tricky words for each phase.

We use the Phonics Play website to support the teaching of Phonics.

Phonics

Check in

Year 1

Year 1 Phonics Screening Check

What is the Phonics Screening Check?

Children in Year 1 throughout the country will all be

taking part in the phonics screening check during

the same week in June.

If children did not pass the test in Year 1, they will

retake the test in Year 2.

What happens during the test?

The test contains 40 words.

Each child will sit one to one and read each word

aloud.

The test will take approximately 10 minutes per child;

although all children are different and will complete

the check at their own pace.

The list of words the children read in a combination

of 20 real words and 20 nonsense words.

Real and ‘Nonsense’ Words

How you can

help at home

Most important things – From a very early age…

Talking and listening.

Reading with and to your child.

Playing listening games.

Singing songs and rhymes.

Simple movement games.

Learning lowercase letters not capital letters.

Correct pronunciation.

Correct vocabulary.

We all need to use the same language at home and at school.

Little and often is the key. Does not have to be formal.

Link it to your child’s interests.

Any Questions?