water quality and quantity resources louisiana department of environmental quality 2010 envirothon...
Post on 24-Dec-2015
219 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Water Quality and Quantity Water Quality and Quantity ResourcesResources
Louisiana Department of Environmental QualityLouisiana Department of Environmental Quality
2010 Envirothon Training2010 Envirothon Training
Louisiana (Mgal/d in 2005)Louisiana (Mgal/d in 2005)
5200
3100
790
720
270 200 44 8
Power Generation
Industry
Rice Irrigation
Public Supply
Aquaculture
General Irrigation
Rural Domestic
Livestock
Freshwater UseFreshwater Use
United StatesUnited StatesThermoelectric – 49%
Irrigation – 31%
Public supply – 11%
Industrial – 4%
Aquaculture – 2%
Domestic – 1%
Mining – 1%
Livestock - <1%
CanadaCanadaThermoelectric – 60%
Manufacturing – 18.5%
Public supply – 9.5%
Agriculture – 8%
Mining – 4%
Mexico (only surface Mexico (only surface water data available)water data available)Agriculture – 78%
Domestic – 17%
Industry – 5%
Freshwater UseFreshwater Use
ContaminantContaminantA substance detrimental to humans, animals, or plants. When found in water, contaminants are typically measured in parts per million (PPM) or parts per billion (PPB). The standards most commonly used for contaminants are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
*PPM – 1 drop in 16 gallons of water*PPM – 1 drop in 16 gallons of water*PPB – 1 drop in 16,000 gallons of water*PPB – 1 drop in 16,000 gallons of water
Possible ContaminantsPossible ContaminantsHousehold cleaners, oven cleaners, toilet cleanersPaints, varnishes, stains, dyesFloor and furniture strippersPesticides, herbicidesCar wash detergentsHeavy metalsBattery acidAnimal wasteFertilizersAntifreezeSedimentUsed OilGasoline
Sources of ContaminationSources of ContaminationPoint Source - a discernible conveyance, such as a pipe, ditch, channel, or container, from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
Sources of ContaminationSources of ContaminationNonpoint Source - a diffuse source of water pollution that does not discharge through a point source but instead flows over exposed natural or man-made surfaces such as agricultural or urban runoff and runoff from construction, mining, or silvicultural activities.
Estimated to cause 40-50% of water quality problems in Louisiana
Significant POTENTIAL Significant POTENTIAL Source Of Contamination Source Of Contamination
(SPSOC or Potential Source)(SPSOC or Potential Source)Any facility, location, or activity that stores, uses, or produces as a product or by-product, contaminants of concern and has sufficient likelihood of releasing such contaminants at levels that could pose a concern relative to drinking water sources.
Common Potential Sources Common Potential Sources of Contaminationof Contamination
Gas StationsGolf CoursesDry CleanersSeptic SystemsLawns/GardensImpervious SurfacesAgricultural ActivitiesConstruction ActivitiesBody Shops/Paint ShopsAbove Ground Storage TanksCar Washes and Repair Shops
Significant POTENTIAL Sources Of Contamination Significant POTENTIAL Sources Of Contamination Affecting Ground Water Drinking Water SourcesAffecting Ground Water Drinking Water Sources
HIGHER RISKAbandoned Water WellAbove Ground Storage TankAgriculture Chemical-
Formulation/Distribution(pesticide/insecticide)
Animal Feed Lots/DairiesBattery RecyclersBody Shop/Paint ShopCercla SiteChemical PlantClass V Injection Wells- Motor Vehicle Waste Disposal Wells- Industrial Waste Disposal Wells- Large Capacity CesspoolsDry Cleaner/LaundromatInactive/Abandoned SiteMajor Industrial Site PlumeMilitary FacilityPetroleumSeptic SystemTruck terminalUnderground Storage TankWood Preserving Plant
MEDIUM RISKMEDIUM RISKAirport Airport Auto/Boat/Tractor/Small Engine ShopAuto/Boat/Tractor/Small Engine ShopClass I Injection Well (Industrial & Hazardous)Class I Injection Well (Industrial & Hazardous)Class II Injection Well (Oil & Gas)Class II Injection Well (Oil & Gas)Class III Injection Well (Mining Salt or Sulphur)Class III Injection Well (Mining Salt or Sulphur)Furniture StrippingFurniture StrippingInactive Water WellInactive Water WellOil/Gas Well & Associated Drilling Activities Oil/Gas Well & Associated Drilling Activities Oil/Gas Tank Battery Oil/Gas Tank Battery Oxidation PondOxidation PondPromiscuous DumpPromiscuous DumpRailroad Yard - SwitchingRailroad Yard - SwitchingRailroad Yard- Loading and OffloadingRailroad Yard- Loading and OffloadingRailroad Yard- MaintenanceRailroad Yard- MaintenanceSand/Gravel PitSand/Gravel PitSanitary Landfill (active or inactive)Sanitary Landfill (active or inactive)Sewer Treatment Plant (& impoundments)Sewer Treatment Plant (& impoundments)
LOWER RISKLOWER RISKAsphalt PlantAsphalt PlantCar WashCar WashCemeteryCemeteryFuneral HomeFuneral HomeGolf CourseGolf CourseHospitalHospitalIrrigation WellIrrigation WellLumber MillLumber MillMetal Plating/Metal WorkingMetal Plating/Metal WorkingNuclear PlantNuclear PlantPaper MillPaper MillPipeline Compressor StationsPipeline Compressor StationsPlant NurseryPlant NurseryPort FacilitiesPort FacilitiesPower PlantPower PlantPrinting ShopsPrinting ShopsSalvage YardSalvage YardSewer Lift StationSewer Lift Station
Line Potential Sources of ContaminationLine Potential Sources of ContaminationRailroads, Pipelines and Sewer Lines, Roads, and Hazardous Waste Transport Railroads, Pipelines and Sewer Lines, Roads, and Hazardous Waste Transport Routes are Line Potential Sources of Contamination subject to spills and leaks. Routes are Line Potential Sources of Contamination subject to spills and leaks. Septic systems reported as a density.Septic systems reported as a density.
Pump & treatPump & treatActivated alumina
Biological
Blending
Coagulation/filtration
Granular activated carbon, GAC
Ion exchange, IX
Lime softening
Packed tower aeration (air stripping)
Reverse osmosis, RO
Ultra-violet photo ionization
In situIn situAir sparging Bio-sparging Bio-venting Cosolvents Electrokinetics Electron acceptors (nitrate, sulfate, ferric ions) Electron donors (to degrade chlorinated hydrocarbons) Fluid cycling Hydrofracturing/Pneumatic fracturing Soil vapor extraction Surfactant enhancements Thermal enhancements Treatment wallsVitrification
Natural AttenuationNatural Attenuation
Cleanup of Contaminated Cleanup of Contaminated GroundwaterGroundwater
What Can You Do?What Can You Do?Limit usage of hazardous products
Use and dispose of chemicals properly
Avoid spilling or pouring automotive waste on the ground
Recycle
Be observant – report spills or illegal dumping
Conserve Water
Conjunctive Use of Groundwater and Conjunctive Use of Groundwater and Surface WaterSurface Water
Surface water issues
Groundwater issues
Water Supply ManagementWater Supply ManagementA system to assure water supply meets water A system to assure water supply meets water demand.demand.
Watershed management
Reservoirs
Groundwater
Desalination
Treated wastewater
Irrigation return flow
Combines the use of groundwater and surface water in a way that optimizes the benefits and minimizes the issues with each
Water Supply ManagementWater Supply Management
Groundwater ReplenishmentGroundwater ReplenishmentNatural recharge
Artificial recharge – surface spreading, watershed management (water harvesting), recharge wells
Water Demand ManagementWater Demand ManagementConservationConservationWater conservation generally involves the management of existing water supplies to reduce demand and increase efficiencies in use.
Long-term ethic of saving water resources
Technology
Activities
top related