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© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 1
Universal Service Funding for Schools and Libraries
Data
© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 2
Challenges to working with E-‐rate Data
Factors Influencing E-‐rate Demand
• Number of applicants › Increasing applicant counts and enrollment
• Discount rate of applicants › Avg discount rate has increased 5% since 2000
• LocaHon and type of applicant • Changes in services and migraHon • Demand shiJing based on FCC Priority system
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 3
Challenges to Using E-‐rate Data
• Service categories a blunt classificaHon system • Internal ConnecHons demand underreported • Applicants submit mulHple applicaHons • Applicants listed as different applicant types • Data changes › Requested amount zeroes out if FRN denied › Discount rates change
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 4
Challenges to Using E-‐rate Data
• Applicants submit mulHple applicaHons › Not all sites listed on one applicaHon › Different applicaHon types › Example: Miami Dade FY2012 (334 separate 471s)
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 5
Challenges to Using E-‐rate Data
• Applicants listed as different applicant types › Some sites appear on mulHple applicaHons › Different applicaHon types › Example: Albuquerque “ConsorHum” applicaHon
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 6
Albuquerque School District (FY2013)
• Uses consorHum applicaHon • Increases discount rate from 75% to 86% • Telecomm/Internet: $16.5M pre-‐discount › 75% discount: $12.4M request › 86% discount: $14.2M request
• Per Student: $187 pre discount › 75% discount: $140 requested › 86% discount: $161 requested
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 7
Funding Requested Per Student
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
New York City $340/student $329.9 million
Houston $560/student $107.3 million
San Diego $753/student $98.6 million
Los Angeles $143/student $86.0 million
Dallas $395/student $62.6 million
Miami-‐Dade $162/student $50.0 million
Chicago $129/student $46.1 million
Orange County $96/student $16.4 million
Palm Beach $88/student $14.7 million
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 8
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Philadelphia $98/student $14.1 million
Prince George $112/student $13.9 million
Broward County $53/student $11.9 million
Hillsborough $48/student $9.2 million
Memphis $86/student $8.7 million
Charloie NC $38/student $5.4 million
Montgomery $35/student $5.2 million
Clark County $16/student $4.9 million
Duval County $27/student $3.2 million
Top 18 Mega School Districts (FY2012)
Funding Requested Per Student
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Santa Ana $466/student $26.0 million
Collier County $596/student $25.6 million
El Paso $346/student $22.2 million
Knox County $354/student $20.5 million
Richmond GA $635/student $19.5 million
Detroit $329/student $19.0 million
Washoe NV $292/student $18.0 million
Jefferson KY $172/student $16.3 million
Nashville $210/student $16.1 million
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 9
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Saint Paul $444/student $16.1 million
Glendale CA $599/student $15.8 million
Newark $395/student $14.0 million
Mobile AL $234/student $14.0 million
Laredo $536/student $13.6 million
Corpus ChrisH $345/student $13.3 million
St. Louis $498/student $13.2 million
Bakersfield $430/student $12.6 million
Berkeley SC $376/student $11.4 million
Top 18 Large School Districts (FY2012)
Funding Requested Per Student
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Hemet CA $1,098/student $23.9 million
Norwalk CA $1,046/student $23.7 million
Jurupa CA $1,025/student $21.3 million
Val Verde CA $839/student $17.1 million
Bibb Cnty GA $654/student $16.2 million
Yakima $974/student $14.2 million
Central CA $816/student $11.9 million
Ceres CA $900/student $11.9 million
Bellflower CA $713/student $10.0 million
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 10
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Idea TX $1,042/student $8.8 million
Franklin CA $900/student $8.7 million
Ozark MO $1,528/student $8.2 million
Bridgeport CT $355/student $7.7 million
So. San Antonio $768/student $7.4 million
Huntsville AL $315/student $7.2 million
Decatur IL $731/student $6.3 million
Alvord CA $311/student $6.2 million
Denton TX $238/student $5.9 million
Top 18 Moderate School Districts (FY2012)
Funding Requested Per Student
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Camino Neuvo Chrtr CA $7,480/student $20.1 million
Lower Kuskokwim AK $4,392/student $17.4 million
Duarte CA $1,771/student $7.1 million
Green Cnty GA $3,324/student $6.8 million
Whiteriver AZ $2,367/student $5.2 million
Green Cnty KY $2,112/student $4.7 million
Fitchburg MA $964/student $4.7 million
Cassopolis MI $3,939/student $4.6 million
PerspecHves Charter IL $1,979/student $4.6 million
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 11
Applicants Per Student $ Requested
Total Requested
Lower Yukon AK $2,284/student $4.5 million
Yes Prep SE TX $1,005/student $4.3 million
Worth Cnty GA $1,301/student $4.2 million
Kingsville TX $1,095/student $4.0 million
Penn Hills PA $880/student $3.8 million
Tolleson AZ $1,299/student $3.8 million
Coolidge AZ $988/student $3.7 million
Responsive Ed Sol’n TX $912/student $3.7 million
Cahokia IL $903/student $3.6 million
Top 18 Small School Districts (FY2012)
EvaluaHng NYC 2013 Request
© 2012 Funds For Learning, LLC 12 04/03/2013
EffecHveness of E-‐rate Applicants
• UHlizaHon of funding commitments › Puqng services to use in school/library › Geqng no more/no less they can effecHvely use
• Parity between telecomm/Internet and internal connecHons infrastructure › Buying when it makes sense to buy › Maintaining when it makes sense to maintain › Making cost-‐effecHve decisions across service categories
12/10/2012 © 2012 Funds For Learning, LLC 13
E-‐rate Supports 52.2 Million Students Applicants by Enrollment and LocaHon
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 14
© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC
E-‐rate impacts 95% of students
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 15
K-‐12 Public and Private Enrollment (Source: NCES1)
44.7 48.6 50.5 51.7 52.2
8.7 6.1 4.8 3.6 3.3
53.4 54.6 55.3 55.3 55.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
Millions
• 55.5M K12 students › Public › Private
• 95% directly impacted by E-‐rate applicaHons • Every corner of country touched by E-‐rate dollars
Covered by E-‐rate requests No E-‐rate requests
1 hip://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d10/tables/dt10_002.asp?referrer=list; NaHonal 2012 enrollment projected using 2007-‐2010 enrollment
52.2 million Students Supported FY 2012 by LocaHon and Discount Rate
0.5
7.1 6.5 6.4
7.5
11.0
2.3
0.0 0.0 0.4 1.6
3.8 4.0
1.1 -‐
2
4
6
8
10
12
20% -‐ 39%
40% -‐ 49%
50% -‐ 59%
60% -‐ 69%
70% -‐ 79%
80% -‐ 89%
90%
FY2012 Stude
nt Enrollm
ent (m
illions)
FY2012 School E-‐rate Discount Rate
Urban = 41.3M Rural = 10.9M
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 16
• 90%-‐disc schools › 6.5% of all students
• 80%-‐89% disc › 27% of urban enroll › 37% of rural enroll › In these schools, majority of students on NSLP
72% Median Discount Rate
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 17
57%
72%
81%
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
30%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
42%
44%
46%
48%
50%
52%
54%
56%
58%
60%
62%
64%
66%
68%
70%
72%
74%
76%
78%
80%
82%
84%
86%
88%
90%
CumulaHve Percentage of Student Enrollment by Discount Rate of School (from 20% to 90%)
One-‐quarter of students
57% discount or less
One-‐half of students at 72% discount or below
FY2012 Discount Rate
CumulaH
ve Percentage of Stude
nts
2012 E-‐rate Demand $5.2 billion
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC
Straining E-‐rate
• FY2012: applicants requested $5.2 billion › $2.4B Internet/Telco › $2.7B Int. conn/maint
Looking forward
• FY2013 › Limited funding for internal connecHons
• FY2014 › Telecomm and Internet funding reducHons or discount thresholds
18
Demand has Doubled since 2000 for Internet and TelecommunicaHons
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 19
$1.1 $1.7 $1.7
$2.1 $2.4
$0.5
$0.7 $0.6
$0.7
$0.8
$1.6
$2.5 $2.3
$2.8 $3.2
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
Billion
s
• E-‐rate applicants report $3.2B Internet and telecomm (FY2012) › $2.4B USF › $0.8B Applicant
• 5% growth / year
USF PorHon Applicant PorHon
Internet/Telco Demand Alone Exceeds Cap Gap esHmated at least $750M+ by 2018
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 20
$0.0
$0.5
$1.0
$1.5
$2.0
$2.5
$3.0
$3.5
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Billion
s
EsHmated cap Annual cap
Demand for Internet and TelecommunicaHons (all applicants)
Internet and telecomm demand exceeds cap for first Nme (FY2012)
Gap
Funding Year
Internet/Telecomm E-‐rate Requests $ millions (by Urban/Rural and Disc. Rate)
$6
$103 $114 $151
$229
$571
$218
$0.3 $1 $8 $44
$147
$259
$107
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
20% -‐ 39% 40% -‐ 49% 50% -‐ 59% 60% -‐ 69% 70% -‐ 79% 80% -‐ 89% 90%
FY2012 P1 Fund
ing Re
quest A
mou
nt ($
millions)
FY2012 School Discount Rate
Urban = $1,392M Rural = $566M
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 21
FY2012 Funding Requests for Internet and TelecommunicaHons (all schools)
FY2013 P1 Demand
© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 23
“Per Student” Analysis
Why Use Per Student Data?
• Normalizes demand data by reducing impact of applicant size on staHsHcs
• Easier to compare applicants • Use of pre-‐discount per student amount yields clearest picture
• Provides a frame of reference to overall availability of funding
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 24
Internet-‐Telco Demand Per Student FY2000-‐FY2012 actual; FY2015-‐FY2018 est.
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 25
• FY2012 Avg $51 per student: › E-‐rate request $37 per student › Avg P1 E-‐rate disc 74.2% (for schools)
• From 2006-‐2009, P1 spending per student rises $2.65/student per year USF PorHon Applicant PorHon
$19 $28 $25
$31 $37
$44 $52
$8
$12 $10
$11 $13
$14
$16
$27
$39 $35
$42 $51
$59
$67
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018
EsHmated
Funding Requested per Student Average of Schools and School Districts
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 26
$64 $56
$36 $37
$50
$19
$28 $24 $31
$37
$-‐
$15
$30
$45
$60
$75
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
Priority One Priority Two
FY2012
P1 $37/student P2 $50/student
Total $87/student
Per Student E-‐rate Funding Available vs Requested (Telecomm and Internet)
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 27
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Available $48.9 $47.5 $46.2 $44.9 $44.6 $43.8 $43.0 $42.7 $42.4 $42.0 $42.0 $42.2 $42.7
Requested $23.5 $29.3 $35.0 $34.6 $30.9 $29.3 $31.7 $33.7 $35.7 $38.1 $39.6 $41.2 $44.3
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
Per S
tude
nt
$48.9
$42.7
$23.5
$44.3
Available per student Total E-‐rate fund
Includes consorHa demand; Available amount calculated aJer subtracHng library demand
USF provides $43 per Student1 with rollover $63 per student
FY2012 • 52.5 million students listed • $2.339 billion indexed cap › $43 per student
• $3.389 billion with rollover › $63 per student
$48 $45 $43 $42 $43
$48 $53
$43
$59 $63
$-‐
$15
$30
$45
$60
$75
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
1 Available dollars calculated aJer subtracHng library demand from cap. Average annual library demand: $98.3 million.
Funding/student based on USF cap Funding/student including rollover
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 28
Per Student Funding Request FY2012 School Telecomm and Internet
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 29
By Enrollment
Excludes libraries and most consorHa
Per Student Funding Request FY2012 School Telecomm and Internet
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 30
Excludes libraries and most consorHa
By LocaHon
Telecomm and Internet Requests FY2012 by Discount Rate and LocaHon
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC
FY2012
* Remote rural based on Department of EducaHon locale designaHon "43"
31
School Telecomm and Internet Per Student Funding Request
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 32
By discount rate of applicant and locaHon type FY2012 funding requests for schools and school districts
Excludes libraries and most consorHa
Per Student Funding Request FY2012 School Telecomm and Internet
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 33
By Enrollment
Excludes libraries and most consorHa
High “Per Student” Requests Equal One-‐third of P1 Requests
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 34
FY2012 • 17% of applicants request $176 per student or more • These applicants represent 33% of P1 $ request
Percentage of applicants who request this amount per student
Percentage of P1 funding requested by applicants who request this amount per student
Funding Requested Per Student by Applicant
41% 28% 14% 17%
15%
28% 24%
33%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
$0 to $25
$26 to $75
$76 to $175
$176 or more
© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 35
DistribuHon of School Funding Requests
Per Student Basis
DistribuHon of Applicants Based on Per Student Expenditures
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 36
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
$-‐
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$95
$10
0
$10
5
$11
0
$11
5
$12
0
$12
5
$13
0
$13
5
$14
0
$14
5
$15
0
$15
5
$16
0
$16
5
$17
0
$17
5
$18
0
$18
5
$19
0
$19
5
Percen
tage of S
choo
l App
lican
ts
Per Student Pre-‐Discount Amount
Pre-‐Discount TelecommunicaHons & Internet Expense Percentage of Applicants Based on Per Student Dollar Amount
All Schools (excluding schools with enrollment <100)
Based on FY2012 E-‐rate ApplicaHons for Schools and School Districts, excluding applicants with fewer than 100 students
( n = 19,105)
DistribuHon of Applicants Based on Per Student Expenditures
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 37
$25
$25
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
$-‐
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$95
$10
0
$10
5
$11
0
$11
5
$12
0
$12
5
$13
0
$13
5
$14
0
$14
5
$15
0
$15
5
$16
0
$16
5
$17
0
$17
5
$18
0
$18
5
$19
0
$19
5
Percen
tage of A
pplican
t Type
Per Student Pre-‐Discount Amount
Pre-‐Discount TelecommunicaHons & Internet Expense Percentage of Applicants Based on Per Student Dollar Amount
By School LocaNon
Rural
Urban
Based on FY2012 E-‐rate ApplicaHons for Schools and School Districts, excluding applicants with fewer than 100 students
( n = 7,714 )
( n = 11,391 )
DistribuHon of Applicants Based on Per Student Expenditures
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 38
$25
$30
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
$-‐
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$95
$10
0
$10
5
$11
0
$11
5
$12
0
$12
5
$13
0
$13
5
$14
0
$14
5
$15
0
$15
5
$16
0
$16
5
$17
0
$17
5
$18
0
$18
5
$19
0
$19
5
Percen
tage of A
pplican
t Type
Per Student Pre-‐Discount Amount
Pre-‐Discount TelecommunicaHons & Internet Expense Percentage of Applicants Based on Per Student Dollar Amount
By School Enrollment
Less than 5,000 Students
5,000 or more students
Based on FY2012 E-‐rate ApplicaHons for Schools and School Districts, excluding applicants with fewer than 100 students
( n = 17,099 )
( n = 2,006 )
DistribuHon of Applicants Based on Per Student Expenditures
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 39
$25
$35
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
$-‐
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$95
$10
0
$10
5
$11
0
$11
5
$12
0
$12
5
$13
0
$13
5
$14
0
$14
5
$15
0
$15
5
$16
0
$16
5
$17
0
$17
5
$18
0
$18
5
$19
0
$19
5
Percen
tage of A
pplican
t Type
Per Student Pre-‐Discount Amount
Pre-‐Discount TelecommunicaHons & Internet Expense Percentage of Applicants Based on Per Student Dollar Amount
By Discount Rate of Applicant
Below 80% Discount
80% to 90% discount
Based on FY2012 E-‐rate ApplicaHons for Schools and School Districts, excluding applicants with fewer than 100 students
( n = 11,338 )
( n = 7,717 )
$1.15 Billion Telecomm and Internet Requested by Applicants 80%+ Discount
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 40
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
$-‐
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$95
$10
0
$10
5
$11
0
$11
5
$12
0
$12
5
$13
0
$13
5
$14
0
$14
5
$15
0
$15
5
$16
0
$16
5
$17
0
$17
5
$18
0
$18
5
$19
0
$19
5
Cum'l Pe
rcen
tage of Fun
ds REequ
est
Pre-‐Discount Per Student Amount
FY2012 TelecommunicaHons & Internet Funding Requests Cum'l % of Funds Requested by Applicants (80% Disc or higher) By Applicant Pre-‐Discount Per Student Telecomm and Internet Expense
Based on FY2012 E-‐rate ApplicaHons for Schools and School Districts, excluding applicants with fewer than 100 students
51% of telecomm and Internet funding requests submiied by applicants with an 80% discount rate or higher were submiied by applicants with pre-‐discount per student costs of $90 or less per year
23% ($265 million) of Priority One funding requested by applicants with pre-‐discount per student expenditures of $200 or more
© 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 41
Reviewing Demand based on Service Provider Type
Growth in Telecomm and Internet 2008 vs 2012
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 42
Growth in Telecomm and Internet 2008 vs 2012
04/03/2013 © 2013 Funds For Learning, LLC 43
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