unit 6 notes

Unit 6 Notes

February 10

Where are MDCs and LDCs Distributed?

• More developed regions– North America and Europe– Other MDCs with high HDI = Russia, Japan, Australia,

and New Zealand• Less developed regions– Latin America = highest HDI among LDCs– Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia = similar

HDI– South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa = low levels of

development

Core and Periphery Model

Figure 9-32

Underdeveloped countries defined by their dependence on a developed core region

Core and Periphery

Figure 9-32

Core Area▪ MDC▪ Manufacturing: light labor needs▪ Example: television research and design

▪ Centrally located Peripheral Area▪ LDC▪ Manufacturing: labor-intensive▪ Example: manufacturing of parts for

televisions

▪ Located on the margins

Closer look: Saxony (Leipzig and Dresden)

• Manufacturing– Light Industry– Optics and Ceramics• MDC?• Which sector?

Where Does Level of Development Vary by Gender?

• Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)– Compares the level of women’s development with that

of both sexes– Four measures (similar to HDI):• Per capita female incomes as a percentage of male per

capita incomes• Number of females enrolled in school compared to the

number of males• Percent of literate females to literate males• Life expectancy of females to males

Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)

Figure 9-17

Demographic Indicator of Gender Difference: Life Expectancy

Figure 9-21

Where Does Level of Development Vary by Gender?

• Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)– Compares the decision-making capabilities of men

and women in politics and economics– Uses economic and political indicators:• Per capita female incomes as a percentage of male per

capita incomes• Percentage of technical and professional jobs held by

women• Percentage of administrative jobs held by women• Percentage of women holding national office

Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)

Figure 9-22

Economic Indicator of Empowerment: Professionals

Figure 9-23

Progress Toward Development

Figure 9-26

Progress Toward Development

Figure 9-26

Zone of probability Marked by high income and low

cost Friction of distance▪ Increase in time and cost with distance

Activity: Group/Class Discussion

• In groups, discuss: – What influence does the education of women

have on a country? – Why is education for women important for a

country’s economy?– What could the US be like if women

were not given access to education?

Be prepared to share with class!