tx history ch 18.1
Post on 20-May-2015
1.256 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 18: Texas & the Civil War
Section 1: Slavery & States’ Rights
Bellwork
•What is a civil war?
•How is it different from a normal war?
Growing National Divisions
•Nation divided along sectional lines:
–North: Industrial economy
–South: Agricultural economy
Growing National Divisions
Growing National Divisions
•North and South divided by social and economic differences
•Southerners were generally against higher tariffs on manufactured goods
Chevrolet Silverado Toyota Tundra
$15,000 $12,000
Chevrolet Silverado Toyota Tundra
$15,000 $12,000 + $5,000 tariff = $17,000
Growing National Divisions
•States’ Rights—the belief that state power is greater than federal power
•Westward Expansion:
–Texas–Mexican Cession
Growing National Divisions
• Compromise of 1850 & Fugitive Slave Act
• Kansas-Nebraska Act—allowed the Kansas and Nebraska Territories to decide whether to be free or slave states
• Violated the Missouri Compromise
Growing National Divisions
• Houston one of the few southerners to oppose Kansas-Nebraska Act
• Houston’s opposition to the act cost him many friends in Texas.
Sam Houston
Growing National Divisions
• Dred Scott decision (1857):
– African Americans are not citizens and could not sue
– Congress could not ban slavery in the territories
Dred Scott
Growing National Divisions
• John Brown’s raid (1859):
– Led raid on federal arsenal to start a slave revolt
– Hanged for treason
John Brown
Texas Joins the Confederacy
•1860: Abraham Lincoln elected president
•Secede—to formally withdraw
President Abraham Lincoln
Texas Joins the Confederacy
• South Carolina: first state to secede from the Union
• Leaders in Texas call for a special meeting of the legislature to consider secession
• Gov. Sam Houston warned Texans that the North was determined to keep the Union together.
“Some of you laugh to scorn the idea of bloodshed as the result of secession, but let me tell you what is coming....Your fathers and husbands, your sons and brothers, will be herded at the point of the bayonet....You may after the sacrifice of countless millions of treasure and hundreds of thousands of lives, as a bare possibility, win Southern independence...but I doubt it. I tell you that, while I believe with you in the doctrine of state rights, the North is determined to preserve this Union. They are not a fiery, impulsive people as you are, for they live in colder climates. But when they begin to move in a given direction...they move with the steady momentum and perseverance of a mighty avalanche; and what I fear is, they will overwhelm the South. “
--Sam Houston
Texas Joins the Confederacy
•Houston tried to delay Secession Convention
•Secession Convention meets January 28, 1861
•February 1, 1761: Delegates approve secession
Texas Joins the Confederacy
•Texans strongly supported secession:
–45,153 for secession
–14,747 against secession
The Confederacy
• Seceding states formed a government called the Confederate States of America
The Confederacy
• Constitution emphasized supremacy of states and right to hold slaves
• Jefferson Davis elected president
Jefferson Davis
The Confederacy•March 4, 1861: Texas Secession
Convention reassembles to write new constitution
•Gov. Houston was removed from office when he refused to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy.
Sam Houston dies July 26, 1863 in Huntsville, Texas
top related