then, for each of the five behaviors, describe a situation in which the abnormal behavior might be...
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Then, for each of the five behaviors, describe a situation in
which the abnormal behavior might be considered normal.
1. Discomfort: continuous discomfort
2. Bizarre behavior---fairly continuously
3. Inefficient---unable to perform their life roles properly
4. Inflexibility
5. See a threatening environment
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Specific Anxiety Disorders Stress: a physical, chemical or emotional
factor that causes physical or mental tension and may be a factor in causing disease
Anxiety: general apprehension that one is in danger. (Differs from fear: a reaction to real and identifiable threats.) Panic-Attacks: choking sensation, chest pain,
dizziness, trembling and hot flashes
GAD is common Characteristics:
Fear of unknown and unforeseen circumstances prevents enjoyment of life
Neglect relationships and have trouble forming relationships
Vicious cycle: worry, worry causes difficulty completing tasks, which causes greater worry
Despite it being self-defeating, often refuse to give up behaviors
Who? Anyone, even children and adolescence
Phobias Panic Disorder: extreme anxiety that
manifests in the form of panic attacks (usually lasts minutes but can last hours and occurs without warning)
Obsessive –Compulsive Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
An intense and irrational fear of a particular object or situation Includes Social phobia or Anxiety
Extreme anxiety that manifests in the form of panic attacks (usually lasts minutes but can last hours and occurs without warning)
Panic: a feeling of sudden, helpless terror, such as overwhelming feeling of fright when one is cornered by a predator
Obsession: uncontrollable pattern of thought
Compulsion: repeatedly performed behaviors
May serve as a diversion from a person’s real fears, thus reducing anxiety
Most recognize thoughts and actions are irrational but feel unable to stop them
Condition in which a person who experienced a traumatic event feels severe and long-lasting aftereffects.
Common in combat veterans and survivors of terrorist attacks, natural disasters, rape, child abuse and other traumatic events
A condition in which there is no apparent physical cause
Psychologists generally treat by “challenging” the individuals thinking
Types: Conversion Disorders Hypochondriasis Dissociative Disorders
Changing emotional difficulties into a loss of a specific voluntary bodily function
Many believe a person suffering from c.d. unconsciously invent physical symptoms to gain freedom from unbearable conflict Ex. Someone’s who’s family has been
threatened if they reveal a secret may lose the ability to speak
A person in good health becomes preoccupied with imaginary ailments
Will often switch practitioners, believing each doctor has failed to detect the problem
Occurs equally in men and women and usually in one’s early 20’s
Similar to conversion, occurs when an individual represses emotions and then expresses them symbolically in physical symptoms
A disorder in which a person experiences alterations in memory, identity, or consciousness
An effort to dissociate themselves from stressful events
Types: Dissociative amnesia Dissociative fugue Dissociative identity disorder
The inability to recall important personal events or information; is usually associated with stressful events
A person suddenly travels away from home or work and is unable to recall the past
Might actually create an entirely new identity
Can last days or decades but when they come out of it, they have no recollection of the interim
A person exhibits two or more personality states, each with its own pattern of thinking and behaving
Often believed that dividing up of personality is the individual’s effort to escape a part of the self that he/ she fears.
People diagnosed with DID usually suffered sever physical, psychological or sexual abuse during childhood.
Involves confused and disordered thoughts and perceptions
Problem of cognition involving emotion, perception and motor functions
They often: Withdraw from normal life Distorted perceptions and
behavior reach irrational, fantastical, fear-laden unimaginable levels
Loss of contact with reality
“Someone with depression or severe anxiety problems dreams in an unreal way about life, while a person with schizophrenia lives life as an unreal dream.”
No single cause or cure Collection of symptoms:
Confused use of language (word salad): i.e. “Naturally, I’m growing my father’s hair.”
Delusions: i.e. tin foil to prevent gov’t from entering brain Hallucinations: i.e. hearing voices Disturbance of Affect: emotions not matching situation
Autism Asperger’s Syndrome Pervasive Developmental Disorders- Not
Otherwise Specified PDD includes:
Autism Asperger’s Rhett’s Syndrome PDD-NOS Childhood Disintegrative
Disorder
A group of disorders marked by delayed development of socialization and communication skills.
Symptoms usually by age 3 Can have some and not all
Problems with language Relating to other people Repetitive patterns of behavior Unusual styles of play Difficulty in dealing with change
Major Depressive Disorder: sever form of lowered mood in which a person experiences feelings of worthlessness and diminished pleasure or interest in many activities
Bipolar Disorder: an individual alternates between mania and depression
Seasonal affective Disorder
Maladaptive or inflexible ways of dealing with others and one’s environment
Includes a wide-range: self-defeating personality patterns (excessive shyness) to vain, pushy show-offs
Disorder Characteristics Displayed
Antisocial Pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others without feeling remorse
Avoidant Pattern of self-consciousness in social situations, feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to criticism
Borderline Instability in interpersonal relationships and self-image and marked impulsivity
Dependent Pattern of submissiveness and excessive need to be taken care of
Histrionic Excessive emotions; excessively seeks attention
Narcissistic Exaggerated sensed of self-importance, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
Obsessive-Compulsive
Has an intense interest in being orderly, having control, and achieving perfection
Paranoid Distrusts others; perceives others as having evil motives
Schizoid Pattern of detachment from social relationships and limited range of emotional expression
Schizotypal Feels intense discomfort in close relationships; has distorted thinking and eccentric behavior
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