the role of culture
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Chapter 4 - 1
Chapter 4
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
The Role of Culture
Chapter 4 - 2
Learning Objectives
• Discuss primary characteristics of culture
• Describe elements of culture and how they influence international business
• Identify the ways that members of a culture communicate with each other
• Discuss how religious and other values affect the domestic environments in which international businesses operate
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Chapter 4 - 3
Learning Objectives• Describe the major cultural clusters and
their usefulness for international managers
• Explain Hofstede’s primary findings about differences in cultural values
• Explain how cultural conflicts may arise in international business
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Chapter 4 - 4
Characteristics of Culture
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Chapter 4 - 5
Primary Characteristics
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Learned Interrelated
SharedAdaptive
Chapter 4 - 6
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 7
Elements of Culture
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Chapter 4 - 8
Social Structure
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The Roles of
Individuals in Society
Social Stratificatio
n and Mobility
Chapter 4 - 9Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Individuals, Families, and Groups
• Family Structure
• Individualism
• Group Service
Chapter 4 - 10
Social Stratification
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Types of Societies
Higher Stratification
Lower Stratification
Social Mobility
Lower
Higher
Chapter 4 - 11
Functions of Language
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Delineates Cultural Groups
Thought Patterns
Cultural Values
Acculturation
Diversity
Chapter 4 - 12
Cultural Aspects of Language
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CompetitiveAdvantage
Lingua Franca
Saying “Yes” or “No”
Translation
Chapter 4 - 13
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 14
Communication
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Chapter 4 - 15Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
• Expressions
• Gestures
• Intonation
• Eye Contact
• Body Language
Nonverbal Forms
Chapter 4 - 16
Gifts and Hospitality
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Etiquette Customs
Chapter 4 - 17
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 18
Effects of Religion and Values on International Businesses
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Chapter 4 - 19
Attitudes of Adherents
Constraints on Social Roles
Product Sales and Advertisements
Seasonal Patterns of Consumption
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Religion
Chapter 4 - 20Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Impact of Religion on International Business
• Legal System
• Homogeneity
• Tolerance
Chapter 4 - 21Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Time
StatusEducation
Age
Values and Attitudes
Chapter 4 - 22
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 23
Cultural Clusters and International Management
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Chapter 4 - 24
Hall’s Cultural Context Approach
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HighContext
LowContext
Chapter 4 - 25
Cultural Clusters
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Similarities and Business Practices
Internationalization Strategies
Foreign Market Entry Methods
Chapter 4 - 26
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 27
Hofstede’s Findings on Differences in Cultural
Values
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Chapter 4 - 28Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
The Five Dimensions
Individual Collective
Respect
Accepting
Aggressive
Long-Term
Tolerance
Avoiding
Passive
Short-Term
Power Orientation
Uncertainty Orientation
Social Orientation
Goal Orientation
Time Orientation
Chapter 4 - 29
Social Orientation
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•Collectivism•Individualism
Chapter 4 - 30Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Power Orientation
•Respect•Tolerance
Chapter 4 - 31
Uncertainty Orientation
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•Acceptance•Avoidance
Chapter 4 - 32
Goal Orientation
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•Passive•Aggressive
Chapter 4 - 33
Time Orientation
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Short Term
Long Term
Chapter 4 - 34
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 35
International Management and
Cultural Differences
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Chapter 4 - 36
Understanding New Cultures
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Self-Reference Criterion
Cross-Cultural Literacy
Acculturation
Chapter 4 - 37
Summary of Discussion
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Chapter 4 - 38
Chapter 4
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
The Role of Culture
Chapter 4 - 39Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
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