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O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 1
I. DEFINITIONS
A. Mishnah
1. Root
2. Noun
3. TheSignificanceoftheTerm
4. TheSignificanceoftheWork
B. Matnita
1. TheTerm
2. Root
3. Significance
4. OtherForms
C. Tanna
D. Baraita
1. Meaning
2. Significance
E. Amora
THE MISHNAH AND OTHER RABBINIC LITERATUREAND THE NEW TESTAMENT
by Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 2
F. Gemara
1. Root
a. Aramaic
b. Hebrew
2. TheTerm
3. TheTwoClassifications
G. Talmud
1. Root
2. Meaning
3. TheTerm
4. TheTwoTalmuds
H. Midrash
1. Root
2. TheTerm
I. Halachah
1. Root
2. Meaning
3. TheTerm
4. TheMeans
J. Haggadah or Aggadah
1. Meaning
2. Categories
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 3
3. Types
a. Exegetical
b. Dogmatic
c. Ethical
d. Historical
e. Mystical
f. Miscellaneous
4. TheTerm
K. ExampleofMidrash HalachahandMidrash Haggadah
1. Midrash Halachah
2. Midrash Haggadah
L. OtherRelevantWorkstotheMishnah
1. Tosephta
2. Mechilta
3. Siphra
4. Siphre
5. Midrash Rabbah
6. Midrash Tanchumah
7. Pesileta d’Rav Kahana
8. Midrash Tehillim
M.MishnaicTerms
1. Am Ha-Aretz
2. Beth Hamidrash
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 4
3. Demai
4. Erub(v)
5. Havdalah
6. Haver
7. Halitzah
8. Hallah
9. Herem
10. Ketubah
11. Korban
12. Maamad
13. Mesora
14. Min
15. Nega
16. Netin
17. Prosbul
18. Sha-atnez
19. Shittuf
20. Shmoneh Esreh
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 5
II. THE HISTORY OF THE MISHNAH
A. HistoricalAntecedentsandBasicHistory
1. HistoricalAntecedents
2. BasicHistory
B. EzratheScribe
C. TheGreatAssembly
1. The Sophrim
2. TheEraofAnonymousScribes
3. TheWorkoftheSophrim
4. TheChainofTradition
5. SimontheJust
6. TheViewofMaimonides
D. TheFiveZugot
1. TheEra
2. TheChainofTradition
3. TheDivisionofResponsibility
4. TheResult
5. ThePairs
a. YoseBenYoezerandYoseBenYochanan
b. YehoshuaBenPerachyahandMattaiofArbel
c. YehudaBenTabaiandShimonBenShetach
d. ShemayahandAvtalyon
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 6
e. HillelandShammai
(1) TheHistory
(2) Hillel
(3) Shammai
E. TheTannaim
1. Hillel
2. Meaning
3. DescriptionofthePeriod
4. TheChainofTradition
5. YochananBenZakkai
a. TheName
b. Dates
c. DiscipleofHillel
d. TheGalileanPeriod
e. TheJerusalemPeriod
f. TheFirstJewishRevolt
(1) Yochanan’sStand
(2) Yochanan’sEscape
(3) EvaluationsbyhisContemporaries
(4) ComparisonwithJewishBelievers
(5) WhyPharisaicJudaismSurvived
g. TheYavnehPeriod
(1) Yochanan’sSettlement
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 7
(2) TheRestructuringofJudaism
(3) TheAdvantagesofthePharisees
(4) PharisaicBasisforitsRighttoRule
(5) TheImportanceofYavneh
h. Retirement
i. Death
j. TheCauseoftheDestruction
k. TheCo-DevelopmentofRabbinicJudaismandtheMessianicMovement
(1) TheIssueofNormativeJudaism
(2) TheStoryofJesusandZaccheus/Zakkai
(3) MessianicPropaganda
6. RabbanGamalielII
7. RabbiEliezerBenHyrcanos
8. RabbiJoshuaBenHananiah
9. IshmaelBenElisha
10. AkibaBenJoseph
a. BackgroundandLearning
b. ContributiontoJewishStudies
c. TheBarCochbaRevolt
d. TheDisciplesofAkiba
(1) RabbiJudahBenIlai
(2) RabbiMeir
(3) RabbiSimeonBenYohai
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 8
(4) RabbiYosiBarHalafta
(5) RabbanSimeonBenGamalielII
11. TheGenerationsoftheTannaim
a. TheFirstGeneration
(1) TheSchoolsofShammaiandHillel
(2) AkabiaBenMahalalel
(3) RabbanGamalielI
(4) RabbiChaninah
(5) RabbiSimeonBenGamalielI
(6) RabbiYochananBenZakkai
(7) AdmonBenGaddai
(8) ChananBenAvishalom
(9) NachumtheMede
b. TheSecondGeneration
(1) RabbanGamalielII
(2) RabbiZadok
(3) RabbiDosaBenHarchinas
(4) RabbiEliezerBenYaakov
(5) RabbiEliezerBenHyrcanos
(6) RabbiJoshuaBenChananiah
(7) RabbiElazarBenAzariah
(8) RabbiJudahBenBatyra
(9) RabiNechuniaBenHakana
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 9
(10)NahumofGimzo
(11) ChaninahBenDosa
c. TheThirdGeneration
(1) RabbiTarphon
(2) RabbiIshmaelBenElisha
(3) RabbiAkibaBenJoseph
(4) RabbiYochananBenNuri
(5) RabbiYositheGalilean
(6) RabbiSimeonBenNanos
(7) RabbiJudahBenBaba
(8) RabbiYochananBenBroka
(9) RabbiElazarofModiin
(10)RabbiMathiaBenCharash
(11) SimeonBenZoma
(12) SimeonBenAzai
(13)Aquila
d. TheFourthGeneration
(1) RabbiMeir
(2) RabbiYehudahBarIlai
(3) RabbiYosiBenChalafta
(4) RabbiSimeonBenYochai
(5) RabbiElazarBenShammua
(6) RabbiYochananHasandlar
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
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(7) RabbiElazarBenYaakov
(8) RabbiNechemyah
(9) RabbiJoshuaBenKorcha
(10)RabbiSimeonBenGamalielII
(11) AbbaShaul
(12)RabbiElazarBenZadok
(13)RabbiIshmaelBenRabbiYochananBenBroka
(14) TheDisciplesofRabbiIshmaelBenElisha
(a)RabbiJosiah
(b)RabbiJonathan
e. TheFifthGeneration
(1) RabbiNathantheBabylonian
(2) Symmachos
(3) RabbiJudahHanasi
(4) RabbiYosiBenJudah
(5) RabbiElazarBenSimeonBarYochai
(6) RabbiSimeonBenElazarBenShamua
f. TheSixthGeneration
(1) Plimo
(2) IseBenJudah
(3) RabbiElazarBenYosi
(4) RabbiIshmaelBarYosi
(5) RabbiJudahBenLachish
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(6) RabbiChiyyaBarAbbaI
(7) RabbiAcha
(8) RabbiAbba
(9) RabbiYanaiI
10) RabbiJonathanI
12. TheTannaim(seepage47forfullsizechart)
13. HowtheMishnahBecameAuthoritative
a. TheProblemandtheIssue
b. TheSolution
c. TheMishnahandtheScriptures
The First Mishnah
The School of Hillel The School of Shammai
The Disciples of theThe School of Shammai
Rabban Gamliel the ElderHis son Shimon
Rabban Gamliel of Yavne
Rabban Yochanan ben Nuri
Rabbi Shimonben Gamliel
Usha
Rabbi YossiSepphoris
Rabbi MeirTiberias
Rabbi ShimonTekoah in the Galilee
Rabbi ElazarSouth, Tiberias
Rabbi YehudaUsha, Kfar Siknin
Rabbi Yehuda HanasiBeth She’arim - Sepphoris
Genealogical Chart of Compilers of the Mishnah and the Locations of their Schools
The Generation ofShammai and Hillel
(beginning of the 1st century)
The Generation ofthe Destruction of the Temple
(middle of the 1st century)
The Generation of Yavne(end of the 1st century)
The Generation of Betar(beginning of the 2nd century)
The Generation ofReligious Persecution(middle of the 2nd century)
The Generation ofRabbi Yehuda’s Patriarchate
(end of the 2nd century)
Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai
Rabbi Yehoshua Rabbi Eliezer
Rabbi AkivaB’nai B’rak
Rabbi Tarphon Rabbi Ilai
JERUSALEM
YAVNE LOD
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
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F. The Amoraim
1. JudahHanasi
2. Meaning
3. DescriptionofthePeriod
4. SchoolsoftheAmoraim
a. Israel
b. Babylonia
5. JudahHanasi
a. BackgroundandLearning
b. TheCodificationoftheMishnah
c. TheDisciplesofJudahHanasi
d. TheOrthodoxView
6. TheGoalsoftheAmoraim
a. TheProblem
b. ThePrinciple
c. ThePurpose
d. TheGoals
7. The AmoraimasaResponsetoChristianity
8. TheIsraelAmoraim
a. TheFirstGeneration
(1) RabbiChaninahBarChamah
(2) RabbiYannai
(3) RabbiLeviBarKapparah
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(4) RabbiChiyyaBarAbbaHa-Kohen
(5) RabbiYochananBarNappacha
(6) RabbiSimeonBenLakish
(7) RabbiHoshayahRabbah
(8) RabbiJoshuaBenLeviBenSissi
(9) RabbiYehudahNyssia
(10)RabbiYossiBarChaninah
(11) RabbiSimlaiofLydda
(12) TheWorkofRabbiChiyyaandOshaya
b. TheSecondGeneration
(1) RabbiAbahu
(2) RabbiYirmiyaBarAbba
(3) RabbiAmmi
(4) RabbiAssi
(5) RabbiZeira
(6) RabbiShmuelBarNachmen
(7) RabbiSimonBarAbba
(8) RabbiElazarBenPedat
(9) RabbiAbbaBarManal
(10)RabbiAchaBarYitzchak
(11) RabbiHumaRabba
c. TheThirdGeneration
(1) RabbiYonah
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(2) RabbiYudan
(3) RabbiChiyyaBarAdda
(4) RabbiYehudahBenPazi
(5) RabbiJeremiah
(6) RabbiYossi
(7) RabbiYossiBarRabbiBun
(8) RabbiChaggai
(9) RabbiYaakovBarAcha
d. TheFourthGeneration
(1) RabbiManna
(2) RabbiPinchasBarChama
(3) RabbiChiyyaofSephoris
(4) RabbiTanchumaBarAbba
(5) RabbiMatanya
(6) RabbiShmuelBarRabbiYosiBarRabbiBun
(7) RabbiYaakovoftheSouth
(8) RabbiYehoshuaoftheSouth
(9) RabbiChilkiya
(10)RabbiAvdimiofSephoris
e. Chart:TheIsraelAmoraim
(1) Tyre
(a)RabbiIla
(b)RabbiYaacovBarIdi
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(c)RabiChiyyaBarRav
(2) Akko-RabbiAbbaofAkko
(3) Haifa
(a)RabbiAvdimiofHaifa
(b)YitzchakBarNachman
(4) Safed-RabbiYanai
(5) Sepphoris
(a)RabbiChaninaBarChama
(b)RabbiYehudaN’ssia
(c)RabbiYossiBarChanina
(d)RabbiachaBarYitzchak
(e)RabbiHunaRabba
(f) RabbiYaacovBarAcha
(g)RabbiAvdimiofSepphoris
(h)RabbiMana
(i) RabbiChiyyaofSepphoris
(6) Tiberias
(a)RabbiChiyya
(b)RabbiYochanan
(c)RabbiShimonBenLakish
(d)RabbiYirmiyaBarAbba
(e)RabbiAbbaBarMamal
(f) RabbiElazarBenPedat
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(g)RabbiYossi
(h)RabbiChaggai
(i) RabbiYona
(j) RabbiPinchasBarChama
(k)RabbiTanchumBarAbba
(7) Caesarea
(a)RabbiHoshaya
(b)RabbiAbbahu
(c)RabbiZeira
(d)RabbiYossiBarRabbiBun
(e)AvimiBarRabbiAbbahu
(f) RabbiYudan,fatherofRabbiMatanya
(g)RabbiMatanya
(h)RabbiShmuelBarRabbiYossiBarRabbiBun
(8) Lod
(a)RabbiLeviBarKappara
(b)RabbiYehoshuaBenLevi
(c)RabbiSimlai
(d)RabbiShmuelBarNachman
(e)RabbiSimon
(f) RabbiChiyyaBarAda
(g)RabbiYehudaBenPazi
(h)RabbiYaacovoftheSouth
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(i) RabbiYehoshuaoftheSouth
(j) RabbiChilkiya
9. TheBabylonianAmoraim
a. TheFirstGeneration
(1) Abba
(2) MarSamuel
(3) RabbiAddaBarAhavah
(4) MarUkba
(5) RabbiKahana
(6) RabbaBarAvuha
(7) RabbiAssi
(8) RabbiHuna
(9) ChiyyaBarRav
b. TheSecondGeneration
(1) RabbiHuna
(2) RabbiJudahBarYechezkel
(3) RabbiNachmanBenYaakov
(4) RabbiMathai
(5) RabbiYirmiyaBarAbba
(6) RavChisda
(7) RabSheshet
(8) RabbaBarAbbaBarChanani
(9) UllaBenIshmael
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c. TheThirdGeneration
(1) RabbiAbbaBarNahmani
(2) RabbiBarRabbiHuna
(3) RabbiYusefBarChiyya
(4) RabbaAchaBarYaakov
(5) RabbiChisda
(6) AbayeNachmani
(7) RabbiYosefBarChamma
(8) RabaBenYosefBenShama
(9) RabbiPapaBarChanan
d. TheFourthGeneration
(1) RabbiNahmaniBenKaylil
(2) RabbiAbbaBenRavChamma
(3) Abbaye
(4) RabbiNachmanBarYitzchak
(5) RabbiAchaBarRabbiIka
(6) RabbiDimiofNehardea
(7) RabbiZevidofNehardea
(8) RabbiYitzchakAvdimi
(9) RabbiMatha
(10)RavaBarUla
(11) RabbiIdiBarAvin
(12)RabbiKahenaBenTachilfa
O-MISHNAH.PDFCopyright © 2010, Ariel Ministries.
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e. TheFifthGeneration
(1) RabbiPappa
(2) RabbiBibiBarAbbaye
(3) RabbiNahmanBarIsaac
(4) RabbiZevid
(5) RabbiHunaBenRavJoshua
(6) RabbiHunaBarManoach
(7) RabbiShimiofNehardea
(8) RabbiAddaBarMatha
(9) RabbiAchaBarHuna
(10)RabbiMari
(11) RabbiSheshaBarRabbiIdi
(12)RabbiKahana
(13)RabbiMesharshiaBarPakod
f. TheSixthGeneration
(1) RabbiAshi
(2) Rabina
(3) MarBarRavAshi
(4) MarZutra
(5) Rafram
(6) AmemarBarMarYanka
(7) MarZutvaBarRabbiMari
(8) RabbiAchaBarRava
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(9) RabbiTosfaah
(10)RabbiRachumi
(11) RabbiYossi
g. Chart:TheBabylonianAmoraim
(1) Sura(MataMechasia)
(a)Rabbi
(b)RabbiHuna
(c)ChiyyaBarRabbi
(d)RabbiYirmiyaBarAbba
(e)RabbaBarRabbiHuna
(f) RabbiMesharshia
(g)RabbiAshi
(h)Ravina
(i) RabbiAchaSonofRava
(j) MarBarRabbiAshi
(k)RabbaTosfaah
(l) RavinaBarHuna
(2) Nehardea
(a) Shmuel
(b)RabbiNachman
(c)RabbiDimiofNehardea
(d)RabbiZevidofNehardea
(e)RabbiShimiofNehardea
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(f) Amemar
(3) Pumbeditha
(a)RabbiAdaBarAhava
(b)RabbiYehuda
(c)Rabba
(d)RabbiYosef
(e)Abbaye
(f) RabbiNachmanBarYitzchak
(g)RabbiBibiBarAbbaye
(h)RabbiZevid
(i) MarZutra
(j) Rafram
(k)RabbiRachumi
(l) RabbiYossi
(4) Paponia
(a)RabbiMatna
(b)RabbiAchaBarYaacov
(c)RabbiAchaSonofRabbiIka
(d)RabbiHunaBarManoach
(5) Kafri
(a)MarUkba
(b)RabbiChisda
(c)RabbiYitzchakAvdimi
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(d)RabbiMatna
(e)RabbiAddaBarMatna
(6) Hutzal
(a)RabbiAssi
(b)RabbiKahana
(7) Shilhe
(a)RabbiSheshet
(b)RabbiAmram
(c)RavaBarUla
(8) Mehoza
(a)RabbaBarAvuha
(b)RabbiYosefBarChamma
(c)Rava
(d)RabbiAchaBarHuna
(e)RabbiMari
(f) RabbiZutraSonofRabbiMari
(9) Shechnatziv
(a)RabbiIdiBarAvin
(b)RabbiSheshaSonofRabbiIdi
(10) PumNahara-RabbiKahana
10. SummaryoftheEntireChainofTradition
11. TheTwoTalmuds
a. BasicsforBoth
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b. TheJerusalemTalmud
c. TheBabylonianTalmud
d. FirstEditions
e. BasicContent
G. The Savoraim
1. Meaning
2. Contribution
3. Generations
H. The Geonim
I. The Rishonim
J. The Acharonim
K. ObservationsandConclusions
1. TheProduct
2. TheContext/SituationsoftheAuthors
3. TheRoleoftheRabbiandTheirConceptionofThemselves
4. TheRabbinicAttitudetoandTheologyoftheOralLaw
5. MosesMaimonides:Introduction to the Talmud
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III. HERMENEUTICS-INTERPRETATION
A. Talmud
1. Peshat
2. Darash
a. Definition
b. Types
c. TheRabbinicTheologyoftheDrash
B. TheSevenMiddotofHillel
1. Kal Vachomer
2. Gezirah Shavah
3. Binyan Av Mikatuv Echad
4. Binyan Av Mishnei Ketuvim
5. Klal Uprat
6. Keyotzei Bo Mimakom Acher
7. Devar Halamed Meinyano
C. NahumofGimzo
1. TheMan
2. Riboui Vemiut
3. RabbiAkiba
D. RabbiIshmaelandHisThirteenRules
1. TheMan
2. TheRules
a. Kal Vachomer
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b. Gezirah Shavah
c. Binyan Av
d. Klal Uprat
e. Prat Uklal
f. Klal Uprat Uklal
g. Klal Hatzarich Liprat Uprat Hatzarich Liklal
h. Davar Shehayah Bichlal Veyatza Min Haklal Lelamed
i. Davar Shehayah Bichlal Veyatza Min Haklal Liton Shehu Keinyano
j. Davar Shehayah Bichlal Veyatza Min Haklal Toan Acher Shelo Keinyano
k. Davar Shehayah Bichlal Veyatza Min Lidon Kadavar Hechadash
l. Davar Halamed Meinyano Vedavar Halamed Misopho
m. Shnei Ketuvim Hamachtishim Zeh Et Zeh
3. Acceptance
4. TheRoleoftheThirteenMiddotToday
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IV. THESTRUCTUREANDCONTENTOFTHEMISHNAH
A. TheBasicStructure
1. The Sedarim
2. The Massechot
3. The Perakim
4. The Mishnayot
5. MishnaicHebrew
6. Designation
B. TheOrders
1. TheSixOrders
a. Zeraim
b. Moed
c. Nashim
d. Nezikim
e. Kodashim
f. Tohorot
2. TheInter-RelationshipoftheSixOrdersasaWhole
C. TheTractates
1. Seder Zeraim
a. Berachot
b. Peah
c. Demai
d. Kilayim
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e. Sheviit
f. Trumot
g. Maaserot
h. Maaser Sheni
i. Challah
j. Orlah
k. Bikkurim
2. Seder Moed
a. Shabbat
b. Eruvin
c. Pesachim
d. Shekalim
e. Yoma
f. Sukkah
g. Betza
h. Rosh Hashanah
i. Taanit
j. Megillah
k. Moed Katan
l. Chagigah
3. Seder Nashim
a. Yavamot
b. Ketuvot
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c. Nedarim
d. Nazir
e. Sota
f. Gittin
g. Kiddushin
4. Seder Netzikin
a. Baba Kamma
b. Baba Metzia
c. Baba Batra
d. Sanhedrin
e. Makkot
f. Shevuot
g. Eduyot
h. Avodah Zarah
i. Avot
j. Horayot
5. Seder Kodashim
a. Zevachim
b. Menachot
c. Chullin
d. Bechorot
e. Arachin
f. Temurah
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g. Keritot
h. Meilah
i. Tamid
j. Middot
k. Kinnim
6. Seder Tohorot
a. Kelim
b. Ohalot
c. Negaim
d. Parah
e. Tohorot
f. Mikvaot
g. Niddah
h. Machshirin
i. Zavim
j. Tevul Yom
k. Yadayim
l. Uktzin
D. AdditionalTractates
1. Avot d’Rabbi Nathan
2. Soferim
3. Evel Rabbati
4. Kallah
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5. Derech Eretz
6. Derech Eretz Zuta
7. Perek Hashalom
E. Mesichtot Ketanot-TheMinorTractates
1. Sepher Torah
2. Mezuzah
3. Tefilin
4. Tzitzit
5. Avadim
6. Kutim
7. Gerim
V. THEOLOGY,DOCTRINE,ANDTHEMES
A. Bibliology
1. Revelation
2. Torah
3. RevelationandtheDeathofaSage
B. TheologyProper
1. God
2. TheUniverse
3. The Shechinah
C. Angelology
1. General
2. TheArchangel
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3. ThePrinces
4. Metatron
5. Sandalphon
6. TheSabbathAngels
D. Demonology
1. TheFall
2. Satan
3. Sammael
4. Demons
5. TheEvilEye
6. MagicandDivination
7. Dreams
8. Superstition
E. Anthropology
1. TheHumanBeing
2. Death
3. TheSoul
4. TheTwoInclinations
5. Sin
6. FreeWill
F. Israelology
G. Soteriology
1. Sacrifices
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2. Ritualpurityandimpurity
3. RepentanceandAtonement
4. FaithandPrayer
5. RewardsandPunishment
6. NationalandIndividualSalvation
H. Eschatology
1. Messiah
a. B. Sanhedrin96b-99a
b. OtherReferences
c. Neusner’sSummary
d. BarCochba-TheFalseMessiah
2. TheResurrectionFromtheDead
3. TheWorldtoCome
4. TheLastJudgment
5. Geihinnom
6. Gan Eden
I. TheJewishIndividualLifestyle
1. Sabbath
2. DietaryLaws
a. Regional
b. Types
c. EssenceandApplicationoftheProhibition
d. Extensions
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3. ThePhysicalLife
a. TheHumanBody
b. RulesforHealth
c. Diatetics
d. TreatmentofDisease
4. TheMoralLife
5. PrayersandBenedictions
a. FirstTemplePeriod
b. SecondTemplePeriod
c. Place
d. MajorThemesofRabbinicPrayer
e. The Shmoneh Esreh
f. TheShema
g. TheTenCommandments
h. PrayersConcerningtheMessianicKingdom
J. TheJewishSocialLife
1. SocialLife
2. CivilLaw
a. PlaceinRabbinicThought
b. Principles
c. Result:TheMonetaryLaws
d. DamagestoPropertyandTypesofInjury
e. Keren
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f. Shen
g. Regel
h. Bar
i. Esh
j. Punishment
k. CivilCourts
l. Trial
m. Judge
n. Witnesses
3. CriminalLaw
a. JudicialCourts
b. LawsofEvidence
c. Punishment
4. Women
5. MarriageandDivorce
a. Betrothal
b. Marriage
c. Family
d. Divorce
e. Ketubah
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VI. TRACTATE AVOT
A. TheNeed
B. ThePurpose
C. TheMessage
D. TheMeans
E. TheStructure
1. TheChain
2. Observations
F. TheTractate(seeAPPENDIXA:TRACTATEAVOT)
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VII. TRACTATE SANHEDRIN
(seeAPPENDIXB:TRACTATESANHEDRIN)
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VIII. NEWTESTAMENTCORRELATION
A. JesusandOtherNewTestamentPersonalitiesinRabbinicLiterature
1. BirthandParentageofJesus
2. MarytheMotherofJesus
3. JesusAllegedtobeaMamzer
4. CovertReferencetoJesus
5. TheAncestryoftheMotherofJesus
6. AllegedConfessionbytheMotherofJesus
7. JesusandHisTeacher
8. JesusaMagician
9. Jesus“BurnsHisFood”
10. TheClaimofJesusDenied
11. JesusandBalaam
12. JesusandBalaaminHell
13. TheAgeofBalaam(Jesus)
14. Balaam(Jesus)andtheNameofGod
15. TheChapterConcerningBalaam
16. TheTrialofJesus
17. TheExecutionofJesus
18. TheDisciplesofJesus
19. Summary:JesusintheTalmudandMidrash
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B. The MinimandMinutinRabbinicLiterature
1. DescriptionsandDefinitionsofMinimandMinut
a. Gehazi
b. BenDameandJacobofSichnin
c. TheGrandsonofRabbiYehoshuaBenLeviandaMinDoctor
d. RabbiAbahuandJacobtheMin
e. AContestofMiracles
f. MiraclesbyJewsandMinim
g. TheFateoftheMinimHereafter
h. TheFormulaAgainstMinim
i. RabbiEliezerArrestedforMinut
j. BooksoftheMinim
(1) ImmaShalomandaMin Judge
(2) HowtheBooksoftheMinimaretobeTreated
(3) BookoftheLawWrittenbyMinim
(4) ReligiousItemsMadebyMinim
(5) TheBooksoftheMinimDoNotDefiletheHands
(6) BooksoftheBe AbidenandBe Nitzraphi
k. TheNazareneDay
l. GentileandMin
m. TheJewishOriginoftheMinim
n. HaggadahagainstMinut
o. MinimandCircumcision
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p. ThePrincipleofMinut:TheHouseofStraw
q. ScripturalIndicationsofMinut
r. SignsofMinut:LitergicalVariations
s. SignsofMinut:LiturgicalOmission
t. TheKingdomTurnedtoMinut
u. RomePretendingtobetheTrueIsrael
2. PolemicalDiscussionswithMinim
a. TheMinimofCapernaumandRabbiHananyah,NephewofRabbiYehoshua
b. The MinimandRabbiYonathan
c. TheMinimandRabbiYehudahBenNaqosa
d. RabbiYehoshua,Caesar,andaMin
e. RabbiYehoshuaandaMin
f. RabbiYehoshua,RabbiGamaliel,RabbiElazarBenAzariah,
RabbiAkibaandaMin
g. RabbiGamalielandtheMinim:TheResurrectionoftheDead
h. RabbiGamalielandaMin:GodHasDepartedFromIsrael
i. BeruriaandaMin
j. Rabbi(YehudahHa-Kadosh)andaMin
k. RabbiIshmaelBenYoseandaMin
l. RabbiHanina,RabbiHoshaiaandaMin
m. RabbiHaninaandaMin:TheRejectionofIsrael
n. RabbiHaninaandaMin:TheLandofIsrael
o. RabbiYannai,RabbiYonathanandaMin
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p. RabbiSimlaiandtheMinim
q. RabbiAbahu,RabbiSaphraandtheMinim
r. RabbiAbahuandtheEpiqurosin
s. RabbiAbahuandaMin:AnachronisminScripture
t. RabbiAbahuandaMin:TheSoulsoftheDeparted
u. RabbiAbahuandaMin:GodaJester;GodaPriest
v. RabbiAbahuandaMin:TheComingoftheMessiah
w. RabbiAbahuandaMin:Sason
x. RabbiAmiandaMin
y. GebihiaBenPesisaandaMin
z. RabbiTanhuma,CaesarandaMin
aa. RabbiIdiandaMin
bb. RabbiAbinaandaMin
3. PolemicalAllusionstotheMinim
a. ManCreatedSolitary
b. TheUnityofGod:TextsAppealedtobytheMinim
c. TheUnityofGod:AnOfferingtoYHVH
d. TheUnityofGod:TwoPowersinHeaven
e. TheUnityofGod:“HeWhoWillErr,LetHimErr”
f. TheUnityofGod:GodHasNoSon
g. TheUnityofGod:TheSonoftheHarlot
h. TheUnityofGod:TwoPowers-ASecondGod
i. TheTorch:TheCarpingoftheMinim
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j. Immortality
4. MiscellaneousPassagesReferringtoMinimandMinut
a. TheGroundofDepartureoftheMinim
b. DoNotGivePlacetotheMinim
c. ACanonofMinut
d. AChancefortheMinim
e. FourClassesofMinim
f. WordsoftheMinim
g. “TheyThatHateMe”:TheMinim
h. AReplytotheMinim
i. The MinimandtheNewMoon
j. Minim:CasualReferences
k. ThePriesthoodofMelchizedek
5. Summary:TheMinimandMinut
a. TheWord
b. TheIdentification
c. ThePlaceoftheMiniminHistory
C. TheNewTestamentandRabbinics
1. John’sPrologue
2. TheGeneologies
3. TheAnnunciationoftheBirthofJohntheBaptisttoZechariah
4. TheBirthofJohn
5. TheAnnunciationoftheBirthofJesustoJoseph
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6. TheBirthofJesus
7. TheCircumcisionofJesus
8. ThePresentation
9. TheFourWaystheNewTestamentQuotestheOldTestament
10. TheVisittoJerusalem
11. ThePreachingofJohnandtheStageofObservation
12. TheBaptismofJesus
13. TheTemptationofJesus
14. TheStageofInterrogation
15. TheBeliefbytheFirstDisciples
16. TheFirstMiracle
17. TheFirstPassoverandChrist’sPublicMinistry
18. JesusandNicodemus
19. TheFriendoftheBridegroom
20. JesusandtheSamaritanWoman
21. TheHealingoftheNobelman’sSon
22. TheRejectionofNazareth
23. ChristHealingDiseases
24. TheHealingofaJewishLeper
25. TheStageofObservation:TheAuthoritytoForgiveSins
26. TheCallofMatthewthePublican
27. TraditionandWineskins
28. HealingtheParalyticontheSabbath
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29. TheSabbathandPickingGrain
30. TheSermonontheMount
31. TheResurrectionatNein
32. TheYokeoftheMessiah
33. TheAnnointingofChrist’sFeetattheHomeofaPhariseebyaSinner
34. TheCastingOutofaDumbDemon
35. TheParablesoftheKingdom
36. TheLegionofDemons
37. TheHealingofJairus’DaughterandtheWomanwiththeIssueofBlood
38. TheSendingoftheDisciples
39. TheFeedingoftheFiveThousand
40. WalkingontheWater
41. TheWashingofHands
42. TheConfessionofPeter
43. TheComingofElijah
44. TheEpilepticDemoniac
45. ChurchDiscipline
46. LessonsinDiscipleship
47. TheFeastofTabernacles
48. TheAdulterousWoman
49. TheLightoftheWorld
50. TheSinofthePharisees
51. HealingofaManBornBlind
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52. TheMissionoftheSeventyDisciples
53. TheGoodSamaritan
54. TeachUstoPray
55. TheUnpardonableSin
56. ASabbathControversy
57. TheFeastofChannukah
58. TheQuestionofSalvation
59. TheSabbathMeal
60. Discipleship
61. God’sAttitudeConcerningSinners
62. TheUnrighteousSteward
63. TheResurrectionofLazarus
64. TheHealingoftheLepers
65. TheParablesofPrayer
66. TheQuestionofDivorce
67. TheRichYoungRuler
68. Zacchaeus
69. TheTriumphalEntry
70. TheCleansingoftheTemple
71. Messiah’sEvaluationofIsraelandHimself
72. TheStoneofStumbling
73. TributetoCeasar
74. TheQuestionofResurrection
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75. TheGreatestCommandment
76. TheDenunciationoftheLeadershipofIsrael
77. TheWidow’sMite
78. TheOlivetDiscourse
79. TheConspiracytoKill
80. ThePromsietoBetray
81. ThePreparationfortheSeder
82. ThePassoverObservance
83. TheFirstCup
84. TheWashingofFeet
85. TheCeremonyofCarpas
86. TheBreakingoftheMiddleMatzo
87. The Sop
88. TheThirdCup
89. LessoninGreatness
90. ThePredictionofPeter’sDenial
91. TheConclusionoftheSeder
92. TheUpperRoomDiscourse
93. TheAgonyofGathsemane
94. TheArrest
95. TheTrialBeforeAnnas
96. TheTrialBeforeCaiphasandtheSanhedrin
97. TheDeathofJudas
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98. TheFirstTrialBeforePilate
99. TheSecondTrialBeforePilate
100.TheMockery
101.TheProcessiontoCalvary
102.TheFirstThreeHoursontheCross
103.TheAccompanyingSigns
104.TheBurialofJesus
105.TheDawningofResurrectionDay
106.TheFirstAppearance:MaryMagdalene
107.TheSecondAppearance:TheOtherWomen
108.TheThirdAppearance:TheEmmausDisciples
109.TheFifthAppearance:TheTen
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The
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APPENDIXA:TRACTATEAVOT
1:1 A. MosesreceivedTorahatSinaiandhandeditontoJoshua, Joshuatoelders,andelderstoprophets. I B. Andprophetshandeditontothemenofthegreatassembly. C. Theysaidthreethings: (1)“Beprudentinjudgment. (2)“Raiseupmanydisciples. (3)“MakeafencefortheTorah.” 1:2 II A. SimeontheRighteouswasoneofthelastsurvivorsofthegreatassembly. B. Hewouldsay:“Onthreethingsdoestheworldstand: (1)“OntheTorah” (2)“andontheTempleservice,” (3)“andondeedsoflovingkindness.” 1:3 III A. AntigonosofSokhoreceived[theTorah]fromSimeontheRighteous. B. Hewouldsay, (1)“Donotbelikeservantswhoservethemasteronconditionofreceivingareward, (2)“but[be]likeservantswhoservethemasternotonconditionofreceivinga reward.” (3)“AndletthefearofHeavenbeuponyou.” 1:4 I A. Yoseb.YoezerofSeredahandYoseb.YohananofJerusalemreceived[it] fromthem. B. Yoseb.Yoezersays, (1)“Letyourhousebeagatheringplaceforsages. (2)“Andwallowinthedustoftheirfeet.” (3)“Anddrinkintheirwordswithgusto.” 1:5 A. Yoseb.YohananofJerusalemsays, (1)“Letyourhousebewideopen.” (2)“Andseatthepooratyourtable[“make...membersofyourhousehold.”] (3)“Anddon’ttalktoomuchwithwomen.” B. (Hespokeofaman’swife,allthemoresoistheruletobeappliedtothewifeof one’sfellow.Inthisregarddidsagessay,“Solongasamantalkstoomuchwith awoman,(1)hebringstroubleonhimself,(2)wastestimebetterspenton studyingTorah,and(3)endsupanheirofGehenna.”)
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1:6 II A. Joshuab.PerahiahandNittaitheArbelitereceived[it]fromthem. B. Joshuab.Perahiahsays, (1)“Setupamasterforyourself. (2)“Andgetyourselfafellowdisciple.” (3)“Andgiveeverybodythebenefitofthedoubt.” 1:7 A. NittaitheArbelitesays, (1)“Keepawayfromabadneighbor. (2)“Anddon’tgetinvolvedwithawickedman.” (3)“Anddon’tgiveuphopeofretribution.” 1:8 III A. Judahb.TabbaiandSimeonb.Shatahreceived[it]fromthem. B. Judahb.Tabbaisays, (1)“Don’tmakeyourselflikeoneofthosewhomakeadvocacybefore judges[whileyouyourselfarejudgingacase.].” (2)“Andwhenthelitigantsstandbeforeyou,regardthemasguilty.” (3)“Andwhentheyleaveyou,regardthemasacquitted,(whenthey haveacceptedyourjudgment.)” 1:9 A. Simeonb.Shatahsays, (1)“Examinethewitnesseswithgreatcare.” (2)“Andwatchwhatyousay,” (3)“lesttheylearnfromwhatyousayhowtolie.”1:10 IV A. ShemaiahandAbtalionreceived[it]fromthem. B. Shemaiahsays, (1)“Lovework.” (2)“Hateauthority.” (3)“Don’tgetfriendlywiththegovernment.” 1:11 A. Abtalionsays, (1)“Sages,watchwhatyousay,lestyoubecomeliabletothepunishmentofexile, andgointoexiletoaplaceofbadwater,anddiscipleswhofollowyou drink[badwater]anddie,andthenameofheavenbetherebyprofaned.”1:12 V A. HillelandShammairecieved[it]fromthem. B. Hillelsays, (1)“BedisciplesofAaron,lovingpeaceandpursuingpeace,lovingpeople anddrawingthemneartotheTorah.” 1:13 A. Hewouldsay[inAramaic], (1)“Anamemadegreatisanamedestroyed.” (2)“Andonewhodoesnotaddsubtracts.” (3)“Andwhodoesnotlearnisliabletodeath.” (4)“Andtheonewhousesthecrownpassesaway.”
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1:14 A. Hewouldsay, (1)“IfIamnotformyself,whoisforme?” (2)“AndwhenIamformyself,whatamI?” (3)Andifnotnow,when?” 1:15 A. Shammaisays, (1)“MakeyourlearningofTorahafixedobligation.” (2)“Saylittleanddomuch.” (3)“Greeteverybodycheerfully.”1:16 I A. RabbanGamalielsays, (1)“Setupamasterforyourself.” (2)“Avoiddoubt.” (3)“Don’ttithebytoomuchguesswork.”1:17 II A. Simeonhissonsays, (1)“AllmylifeIgrewupamongthesages,andIfoundnothingbetter foraperson[thebody]thansilence. (2)“Andnotthelearningisthemainthingbutthedoing.” (3)“Andwhoevertalkstoomuchcausessin.”1:18 III A. RabbanSimeonb.Gamalielsays,“Onthreethingsdoestheworldstand:” (1)“onjustice,” (2)“ontruth,” (3)“andonpeace,” B. “asitissaid,Execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates(Zec8:16).” 2:1 I A. Rabbisays,“Whatisthestraightpathwhichapersonshouldchoose forhimself?Whateverisanornamenttotheonewhofollowsit,andanornament intheviewofothers. II B. “Bemeticulousinasmallreligiousdutyasinalargeone,foryoudo notknowwhatsortofrewardiscomingforanyofthevariousreligiousduties. C. “Andreckonwiththeloss[required]incarryingoutareligiousduty againsttherewardfordoingit,” D. “andtherewardforcommittingatransgressionagainstthelossfordoingit.” III E. “Andkeepyoureyeonthreethings,soyouwillnotcomeintothe clutchesoftransgression:” F. “Knowwhatisaboveyou:” G. “(1)Aneyewhichsees,and(2)andearwhichhears,and(3)allyour actionsarewrittendowninabook.”
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2:2 I A. RabbanGamaliel,sonofR.JudahthePatriarch,says,“Fittingislearning inTorahalongwithacraft,forthelaborputintothetwoofthemmakesone forgetsin.” B. “AndalllearningofTorahwhichisnotjoinedwithlaborisdestinedto benullandcausesin.” II C. “Andallwhoworkwiththecommunity–letthemworkwiththemfor thesakeofHeaven.” D. “Forthemeritoftheirfathersstrengthensthem,andtheir[fathers’] righteousnessstandsforever.” E. “Andasforyou,Icredityouwithagreatreward,asifyouhaddone [alloftheworkrequiredbythecommunityonyourownmeritalone].” 2:3 III A. “Bewaryofthegovernment,fortheygetfriendlywithapersononly fortheirownconvenience.” B. “Theylooklikefriendswhenitistotheirbenefit,buttheydonotstand byapersonwhenheisinneed.” 2:4 IV A. Hewouldsay,“Makehiswishesintoyourownwishes,sothathewill makeyourwishesintohiswishes.” B. “Putasideyourwishesonaccountofhiswishes,sothathewillput asidethewishesofotherpeopleinfavorofyourwishes.” I C. Hillelsays,“Donotwalkoutonthecommunity.” II D. “Anddonothaveconfidenceinyourselfuntilthedayyoudie.” III E. “Anddonotjudgeyourfellowuntilyouareinhisplace.” IV F. “Anddonotsayanythingwhichcannotbeheard,forintheenditwillbeheard.” V G. “Anddonotsay,“WhenIhavetime,Ishallstudy,”foryoumayneverhavetime.” 2:5 A. Hewouldsay,(1)“Acoarsepersonwillneverfearsin,(2)norwillanam haares everbepious,(3)norwillashypersonlearn,(4)norwillanintolerantperson teach,(5)norwillanyonetoobusyinbusinessgetwise.” B. “Inaplaceinwhichtherearenomen,trytoactlikeaman.” 2:6 A. Also:hesawaskullfloatingonthewaterandsaidtoit,“Becauseyoudrowned others,theydrownedyou,andintheendthosewhodrownedyouwillbedrowned.” 2:7 A. Hewouldsay,(1)“Lotsofmeat,lotsofworms;(2)lotsofproperty,lotsofworries; (3)lotsofwomen,lotsofwitchcraft;(4)lotsofslavegirls,lotsoflust; (5)lotsofslaveboys,lotsofrobbery.” B. “(6)LotsofTorah,lotsoflife;(7)lotsofdiscipleship,lotsofwisdom; (8)lotsofcounsel,lotsofunderstanding;(9)lotsofrighteousness,lotsofpeace.” C. “[If]onehasgottenagoodname,hehasgottenitforhimself.” D. “[If]hehasgottenteachingsofTorah,hehasgottenhimselflifeeternal.”
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2:8 A. RabbanYohananb.Zakkaireceived[it]fromHillelandShammai. B. Hewouldsay,“(1)IfyouhavelearnedmuchTorah,(2)donotpuffyourselfup onthataccount,(3)foritwasforthatpurposethatyouwerecreated.” C. Hehadfivedisciples,andthesearethey:R.Eliezerb.Hyrcanus, R.Joshuab.Hananiah,R.Yosethepriest,R.Simeonb.Netanel, andR.Eleazarb.Arakh. D. Hewouldlisttheirgoodqualities: E. R.Eliezerb.Hyrcanus:Aplasteredwell,whichdoesnotloseadropofwater. F. R.Joshua:Happyistheonewhogavebirthtohim. G. R.Yose:Apiousman. H. R.Simeonb.Netanel:Amanwhofearssin. I. AndR.Eleazarb.Arakh:Asurgingspring. J. Hewouldsay,“IfallthesagesofIsraelwereononesideofthescale,and R.Eliezerb.Hyrcanuswereontheother,hewouldoutweighallofthem.” K. AbbaSaulsaysinhisname,“IfallofthesagesofIsraelwereononeside ofthescale,andR.Eliezerb.Hyrcanuswasalsowiththem,and R.Eleazar[b.Arakh]wereontheotherside,hewouldoutweighallofthem.” 2:9 A. Hesaidtothem,“Goandseewhatisthestraightpathtowhichsomeone shouldstick.” B. R.Eliezersays,“Agenerousspirit.” C. R.Joshuasays,“Agoodfriend.” D. R.Yosesays,“Agoodneighbor.” E. R.Simeonsays,“Foresight.” F. R.Eleazarsays,“Goodwill.” G. Hesaidtothem,“IprefertheopinionR.Eleazarb.Arakh,becauseinwhat hesaysisincludedeverythingyousay.” H. Hesaidtothem,“Gooutandseewhatisthebadroad,whichsomeoneshouldavoid.” I. R.Eliezarsays,“Envy.” J. R.Joshuasays,“Abadfriend.” K. R.Yosesays,“Abadneighbor.” L. R.Simeonsays,“Defaultingonaloan.” M. (AllthesameisaloanowedtoahumanbeingandaloanowedtotheOmnipresent, blessedbehe,asitissaid,The wicked borrows and does not pay back, but the righteous person deals graciously and hands over [what he owes][Psa37:21].) N. R.Eleazarsays,“Badwill.” O. Hesaidtothem,“IprefertheopinionofR.Eleazarb.Arakh,becauseinwhat hesaysisincludedeverythingyousay.”
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2:10 A. They[each]saidthreethings. B. R.Eliezersays,“(1)Lettherespectowingtoyourfellowbeasprecious toyouastherespectowingtoyouyourself.” C. “(2)Anddon’tbeeasytoanger.” D. “(3)Andrepentonedaybeforeyoudie.” E. “And(1)warmyourselfbythefireofthesages,butbecarefuloftheircoals, soyoudon’tgetburned.” F. “(2)Fortheirbiteisthebiteofafox,andtheirstingisthestingofascorpion, andtheirhissislikethehissofasnake.” G. “(3)Andeverythingtheysayislikefierycoals.” 2:11 A. R.Joshuasays,“(1)Envy,(2)desireofbadthings,and(3)hatredforpeople pushapersonoutoftheworld.” 2:12 A. R.Yosesays,“(1)Letyourfellow’smoneybeasprecioustoyouasyourown.” B. “(2)AndgetyourselfreadytolearnTorah,” C. “foritdoesnotcomeasaninheritancetoyou.” D. “(3)AndmayeverythingyoudobeforthesakeofHeaven.” 2:13 A. R.Simeonsays,“(1)BemeticulousintherecitationoftheshemaandthePrayer.” B. “(2)Andwhenyoupray,don’ttreatyourprayingasamatterofroutine.” C. “Butletisbea[pleafor]mercyandsupplicationbeforetheOmnipresent, blessedbehe.” D. “Asitissaid,For he is gracious and full of compassion, slow to anger and full of mercy, and repents of the evil(Joel2:13).” E. “(3)Andneverbeevilinyourowneyes.” 2:14 A. R.Eleazarsays,“(1)BeconstantinlearningofTorah.” B. “(2)AndknowwhattoreplytoanEpicurean.” C. “(3)Andknowbeforewhoyouwork,” D. “foryouremployercanbedependedupontopayyourwagesforwhatyoucando.” 2:15 A. R.Tarfonsays,“(1)Thedayisshort,(2)theworkformidable, (3)theworkerslazy,(4)thewageshigh,(5)theemployerimpatient.”2:16 I A. Hewouldsay,“It’snotyourjobtofinishthework,butyou’renot freetowalkawayfromit.” II B. “IfyouhavelearnedmuchTorah,theywillgiveyouagoodreward.” III C. “Andyouremployercanbedependedupontopayyourwagesforwhatyoucando.” D. “Andknowwhatsortofrewardisgoingtobegiventotherighteous inthecomingtime.”
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3:1 A. Aqabiahb.Mehallalelsays,“Reflectuponthreethingsandyouwillnotfall intotheclutchesoftransgression: B. “(1)Knowfromwhenceyoucome,(2)whitheryouaregoing,and(3)before whomyouaregoingtohavetogiveafullaccount[ofyourself].” C. “From whence do you come?Fromaputriddrop.” D. “Whither are you going?Toaplaceofdust,worms,andmaggots.” E. “And before whom are you going to give a full account of yourself?Before theKingofkingsofkings,theHolyOne,blessedbehe.” 3:2 A. R.Hananiah,PrefectofthePriests,says,“Prayforthewelfareofthegovernment.” B. “Forifitwerenotforfearofit,onemanwouldswallowhisfellowalive.” C. R.Hananiahb.Teradionsays,“[If]twosittogetherandbetweenthemdo notpassteachingsofTorah,lo,thisisa seat of the scornful, D. “asitissaid,Nor sits in the seat of the scornful(Psa1:1).” E. “Buttwowhoaresitting,andwordsofTorahdopassbetweenthem–the Presenceiswiththem. F. “asitissaid,Then they that feared the Lord spoke with one another, and the Lord hearkened and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before him, for them that feared the Lord and gave thought to His name(Mal3:16).” G. Iknowthatthisappliestotwo. H. HowdoIknowthatevenifasinglepersonsitsandworksonTorah,the HolyOne,blessedbehe,setsasidearewardforhim? I. Asitissaid,Let him sit alone and keep silent, because he has laid it upon him (Lam3:28). 3:3 A. R.Simeonsays,“Threewhoateatasingletableanddidnottalkaboutteachings ofTorahwhileatthattableareasthoughtheyatefromdead sacrifices(Psa106:28). B. “asitissaid,For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness [if they are] without God(Psa106:28).” C. “ButthreewhoateatasingletableanddidtalkaboutteachingsofTorahwhile atthattableareasiftheyateatthetableoftheOmnipresent,blessedishe,” D. “asitissaid,And he said to me, This is the table that is before the Lord(Eze41:22).” 3:4 A. R.Hananiahb.Hakhinaisays,“(1)Hewhogetsupatnight,and(2)hewho walksaroundbyhimself,and(3)hewhoturnshisdesiretoemptiness–lo, thispersonisliableforhislife.” 3:5 A. R.Nehunyab.Haqqanehsays,“Fromwhoeveracceptsuponhimselftheyokeof Torahdotheyremovetheyokeofthestateandtheyokeofhardlabor.” B. “AnduponwhoeverremovesfromhimselftheyokeoftheTorahdotheylay theyokeofthestateandtheyokeofhardlabor.”
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3:6 A. R.HalaftaofKefarHananiahsays,“AmongtenwhositandworkhardonTorah thePresencecomestorest, B. “asitissaid,God stands in the congregation of God(Psa82:1).” C. “Andhowdoweknowthatthesameissoevenoffive?Foritissaid,And he has founded his group upon the earth(Amo9:6). D. “Andhowdoweknowthatthisissoevenofthree?Sinceitissaid,And he judges among the judges(Psa82:1). E. “Andhowdoweknowthatthisissoevenoftwo?Becauseitissaid,Then they that feared the Lord spoke with one another, and the Lord hearkened and heard(Mal3:16). F. “Andhowdoweknowthatthisissoevenofone?Sinceitissaid,In every place where I record my name I will come to you and I will bless you(Exo20:24).” 3:7 A. R.EleazarofBartotasays,“Givehimwhatishis,foryouandyoursarehis.” B. “ForsodoesitsayaboutDavid,For all things come of you, and of your own have we given you(IChr29:14).” C. R.Simeonsays,“Hewhoisgoingalongthewayandrepeating[hisTorah tradition]butinterruptshisrepetitionandsays,‘Howbeautifulisthattree!How beautifulisthatploughedfield!’–Scripturereckonsittohimasifhehasbecome liableforhislife,” 3:8 A. R.Dosetaib.R.YannaiinthenameofR.Meirsays,“Whoeverforgets asinglethingfromwhathehaslearned–Scripturereckonsittohimasifhehas becomeliableforhislife,” B. “as it is said, Only take heed to yourself and keep your soul diligently, lest you forget the words which your eyes saw(Deu4:9).” C. “Isitpossiblethatthisissoevenifhislearningbecametoomuchforhim?” D. “Scripturesays,Lest they depart from your heart all the days of your life.” E. “Thushebecomesliableforhislifeonlywhenhewillsitdownandactually remove[hislearning]fromhisownheart.” 3:9 I A. R.Haninahb.Dosasays,“Foranyonewhosefearofsintakesprecedence overhiswisdom,hiswisdomwillendure.” B. “Andforanyonewhosewisdomtakesprecedenceoverhisfearofsin, hiswisdomwillnotendure.” II C. Hewouldsay,“Anyonewhosedeedsaremorethanhiswisdom–hiswisdom willendure.” D. “Andanyonewhosewisdomismorethanhisdeed–hiswisdomwillnotendure.”
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3:10 III A. Hewouldsay,“Anyonefromwhompeopletakepleasure–theOmnipresent takespleasure.” B. “Andanyonefromwhompeopledonottakepleasure,theOmnipresent doesnottakepleasure.” C. R.Dosab.Harkinassays,“(1)Sleepinglateinthemorning,(2)drinking wineatnoon,(3)chattingwithchildren,and(4)attendingthesynagoguesof theignorantdriveamanoutoftheworld.” 3:11 A. R.EleazartheModitesays,“(1)HewhotreatsHolyThingsassecular,and(2)he whodefilestheappointedtimes,(3)hewhohumiliateshisfellowinpublic,(4)he whoremovesthesignsofthecovenantofAbraham,ourfather,(mayherestin peace),and(5)hewhoexposesaspectsoftheTorahnotinaccordwiththelaw,” B. “eventhoughhehasinhandlearninginTorahandgooddeeds,willhave noshareintheworldtocome.” 3:12 A. R.Ishmaelsays,“(1)Bequick[inservice]toasuperior,(2)efficientin service[tothestate],and(3)receiveeverybodywithjoy.” 3:13 A. R.Aqibasays,“(1)Laughterandlightheadednessturnlewdnessintoahabit.” B. “(2)TraditionisafencefortheTorah.” C. “(3)Tithesareafenceforwealth.” D. “(4)Vowsareafenceforabstinence.” E. “(5)Afenceforwisdomissilence.”3:14 I A. Hewouldsay,“Preciousisthehumanbeing,whowascreatedintheimage[ofGod].” B. “Itwasanactofstillgreaterlovethatitwasmadeknowntohimthathe wascreatedintheimage[ofGod].” C. “asitissaid,ForintheimageofGodhemademan(Gen9:6).” II D. “PreciousareIsraelites,whoarecalledchildrentotheOmnipresent.” E. “ItwasanactofstillgreaterlovethattheywerecalledchildrentotheOmnipresent,” F. “asitissaid,YouarethechildrenoftheLordyouGod(Deu14:1).” III G. “PreciousareIsraelites,towhomwasgiventhepreciousthing.” H. “Itwasanactofstillgreaterlovethatitwasmadeknowntothemthatto themwasgiventhatpreciousthingwithwhichtheworldwasmade, I. “asitissaid,ForIgiveyouagooddoctrine.DonotforsakemyTorah(Pro4:2).”3:15 I A. “Everythingisforeseen,andfreechoiceisgiven.” II B. “Ingoodnesstheworldisjudged.” III C. “Andallisinaccordwiththeabundanceofdeed[s].” 3:16 A. Hewouldsay,“(1)Allishandedoverasapledge,” B. “(2)Andanetiscastoveralltheliving.” C. “(3)Thestoreisopen,(4)thestorekeepergivescredit,(5)theaccountbook isopen,and(6)thehandiswriting.”
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D. “(1)Whoeverwantstoborrowmaycomeandborrow.” E. “(2)Thecharitycollectorsgoaroundeverydayandcollectfromman whetherheknowsitornot.” F. “(3)Andtheyhavegroundsforwhattheydo.” G. “(4)Andthejudgmentisatruejudgment.” H. “(5)Andeverythingisreadyforthemeal.”3:17 I A. R.Eleazarb.Azariahsays,“IfthereisnolearningofTorah,thereisno properconduct.” B. “Ifthereisnoproperconduct,thereisnolearninginTorah.” II C. “Ifthereisnowisdom,thereisnoreverence.” D. “Ifthereisnoreverence,thereisnowisdom.” III E. “Ifthereisnounderstanding,thereisnoknowledge.” F. “Ifthereisnoknowledge,thereisnounderstanding.” IV G. “Ifthereisnosustenance,thereisnoTorahlearning.” H. “IfthereisnoTorahlearning,thereisnosustenance.” I I. Hewouldsay,“Anyonewhosewisdomisgreaterthanhisdeeds–towhatishe tobelikened?Toatreewithabundantfoliage,butfewroots.” J. “Whenthewindscome,theywilluprootitandblowitdown.,” K. “asitissaid,He shall be like a tamarisk in the desert and shall not see when good comes but shall inhabit the parched places in the wilderness(Jer17:6).” II L. “Butanyonewhosedeedsaregreaterthanhiswisdom–towhatishe tobelikened?Toatreewithabundantfoliage,butfewroots.” M. “Forevenifallthewindsintheworldweretocomeandblastatit,they willnotmoveitfromitsplace,” N. “asitissaid,He shall be as a tree planted by the waters, and that spreads out its roots by the river, and shall not fear when heat comes, and his leaf shall be green, and shall not be careful in the year of drought, neither shall cease from yielding fruit(Jer17:8).” 3:18 A. R.EleazarHismasays,“Thelawsofbirdofferingsandthebeginningofawoman’s menstruationperiod–theareindeedtheessentialsoftheTorah.” B. “Calculationsoftheequinoxesandreckoningthenumericalvalueoflettersare thesavoriesofwisdom.” 4:1 I A. BenZomasays,“Whoisasage?Hewholearnsfromeverybody,” B. “asitissaid,From all my teachers I have gotten understanding(Psa119:99).” II C. “Whoisstrong?Hewhoovercomeshisdesire,” D. “asitissaid,Hewhoisslowtoangerisbetterthanthemighty,andhe whoruleshisspiritthenhewhotakesacity(Pro16:32).
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III E. “Whoisrich?Hewhoishappyinwhathehas,” F. “asitissaid,When you eat the labor of your hands, happy will you be, and it will go well with you(Psa128:2). G. (“Happy will you be–inthisworld,and it will go well with you–inthe worldtocome.”) IV H. “Whoishonored?Hewhohonorseverybody,” I. “asitissaid,For those who honor me I shall honor, and they who despise me will be treated as of no account(ISam2:30).” 4:2 A. BenAzzaisays,“Runafterthemostminorreligiousdutyasafterthemost important,andfleefromtransgression.” B. “Fordoingonereligiousdutydrawsinitswakedoingyetanother,and doingonetransgressiondrawsinitswakedoingyetanother.” C. “Fortherewardofdoingareligiousdutyisareligiousduty,andthereward ofdoingatransgressionisatransgression.” 4:3 A. Hewouldsay,“Donotdespiseanybodyanddonottreatanythingasunlikely.” B. “Foryouhavenoonewhodoesnothavehistime,andyouhavenothing whichdoesnothaveitsplace.” 4:4 A. R.LevitasofYabnehsays,“Beexceedinglyhumble,forthehopeofhumanity istheworm.” B. R.Yohananb.Beroqahsays,“WhoeversecretlytreatstheNameofHeaven asprofanepubliclypaystheprice.” C. “Allthesamearetheonewhodoessoinadvertentlyandtheonewhodoes sodeliberately,whenitcomestotreatingthenameofHeavenasprofane.” 4:5 A. R.Ishmael,hisson,says,“Hewholearnssoastoteach–theygivehima chancetolearnandtoteach.” B. “Hewholearnssoastocarryouthisteachings–theygivehimachancetolearn, toteach,tokeep,andtodo.” C. R.Sadoqsays,“Donotmake[Torahteachings]acrownwithwhichto glorifyyourselforaspadewithwhichtodig.” D. (SodidHillelsay[M.1:13],“Hewhousesthecrownperishes.”) E. “Thushaveyoulearned:Whoeverderivesworldlybenefitfromteachings ofTorahtakeshislifeoutofthisworld.” 4:6 A. R.Yosesays,“WhoeverhonorstheTorahhimselfishonoredbypeople.” B. “AndwhoeverdisgracestheTorahhimselfisdisgracedbypeople.” 4:7 A. R.Ishmael,hisson,says,“Hewhoavoidsservingasajudgebreaksoff thepowerofenmity,robbery,andfalseswearing.” B. “Andhewhoisarrogantaboutmakingdecisionsisafool,evil,andprideful.”
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4:8 A. Hewouldsay,“Donotserveasajudgebyyourself,forthereisonlyOne whoservesasajudgeallalone.” B. “Anddonotsay,‘Acceptmyopinion.’” C. “Fortheyhavethechoiceinthatmatter,notyou.” 4:9 A. R.Yonatansays,“WhoeverkeepstheTorahwhenpoorwillintheend keepitinwealth.” B. “AndwhoevertreatstheTorahasnothingwhenheiswealthyintheend willtreatitasnothinginpoverty.” 4:10 A. R.Meirsays,“Keepyourbusinesstoaminimumandmake[your]businessTorah.” B. “Andbehumblebeforeeverybody.” C. “AndifyoutreattheTorahasnothing,youwillhavemanytreatingyouasnothing.” D. “AndifyouhavelaboredinTorah,[God]hasagreatrewardtogiveyou.” 4:11 A. R.Eliezerb.Jacobsays,“Hewhodoesevenasinglereligiousdutygets himselfagoodadvocate.” B. “Hewhodoesevenasingletransgressiongetshimselfaprosecutor.” C. “Penitenceandgooddeedsarelikeashieldagainstpunishment.” D. R.YohananHassandelarsays,“Anygatheringwhichisforthesakeof Heavenisgoingtoendure. E. “AndanywhichisnotforthesakeofHeavenisnotgoingtoendure.” 4:12 A. R.Eleazarb.Shammuasays,“Thehonorowningtoyourdiscipleshouldbe asprecioustoyouasyours.” B. “Andthehonorowingtoyourfellowshouldbelikethereverenceowing toyourmaster.” C. “AndthereverenceowingtoyourmastershouldbeliketheaweowingtoHeaven.” 4:13 A. R.Judahsays,“Bemeticulousaboutlearning,” B. “forerrorinlearningleadstodeliberateviolation[oftheTorah].” C. R.Simeonsays,“Therearethreecrowns:thecrownofTorah,thecrown ofpriesthood,andthecrownofsovereignty.” D. “Butthecrownofagoodnameisbestofthemall.” 4:14 A. R.Nehoraisays,“GointoexiletoaplaceofTorah,anddonotsuppose thatiswillcometoyou.” B. “Foryourfellowdiscipleswillmakeitsolidinyourhand.” C. “Andonyourownunderstandingdonotrely.” 4:15 A. R.Yannaisays,“Wedonothaveinhand[anexplanation]eitherforthe prosperityofthewickedofforthesufferingoftherighteous.” B. R.Matyab.Harashsays,“Greeteverybodyfirst,” C. andbeatailtolions.” D. Butdonotbeaheadoffoxes.”
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4:16 A. R.Jacobsays,“Thisworldislikeanantechamberbeforetheworldtocome.” B. “Getreadyintheantechamber,soyoucangointothegreathall.” 4:17 A. Hewouldsay,“Betterisasinglemomentspentinpenitenceandgooddeeds inthisworldthanthewholeoftheworldtocome.” B. “Andbetterisasinglemomentofinnerpeaceintheworldtocomethan thewholeofalifetimespentinthisworld.” 4:18 A. R.Simeonb.Eleazarsays,“(1)Donottrytomakeamendswithyourfellow whenheisangry,” B. “(2)orcomforthimwhenthecorpseofhisbelovedislyingbeforehim,” C. “(3)orseektofindabsolutionforhimatthemomentatwhichhetakesavow,” D. “(4)orattempttoseehimwhenheishumiliated.” 4:19 A. SamueltheSmallsays,“Rejoice not when your enemy falls, and let not your heart be glad when he is overthrown, lest the Lord see it and it displease him, and he turn away his wrath from him(Pro24:17).” 4:20 A. Elishab.Abuyahsays,“Hewholearnswhenachild–whatishelike? Inkputdownonacleanpieceofpaper. B. “Andhewholearnswhenanoldman–whatishelike?Inkputdownon apaperfulloferasures. C. R.Yoseb.R.JudahofKefarHabbablisays,“Hewholearnsfromchildren–what ishelike?Onewhoeastsourgrapesanddrinksfreshwine.” D. “Andhewholearnsfromoldmen–whatishelike?Hewhoeatsripegrapes anddrinksvintagewine.” E. Rabbisays,“Donotlookatthebottlebutatwhatisinit.” F. “Youcanhaveanewbottlefullofoldwine,andanoldbottlewhichhas notgotevennewwine.” 4:21 A. R.EliezerHaqqapparsays,“Jealousy,lust,andambitiondriveaperson outofthisworld.” 4:22 A. Hewouldsay,“Thosewhoarebornare[destined]todie,andthosewho dieare[destined]forresurrection.” B. “Andthelivingare[destined]tobejudged–” C. “soastoknow,tomakeknow,andtoconfirmthat(1)heisGod, D. “(2)heistheonewhoforms,” E. “(3)heistheonewhocreates,” F. “(4)heistheonewhounderstands,” G. “(5)heistheonewhojudges,” H. “(6)heistheonewhogivesevidence,” I. “(7)heistheonewhobringssuit,”
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J. “(8)andheistheonewhoisgoingtomaketheultimatejudgment,” K. “Blessedbehe,forbeforehimarenot(1)guile,(2)forgetfulness, (3)respectforpersons,(4)bribetaking,” L. “foreverythingishis.” M. “Andknowthateverythingissubjecttoreckoning.” N. “AnddonotletyourevilimpulsepersuadeyouthatSheolisaplaceof refugeforyou.” O. “For(1)despiteyourwisheswereyouformed,(2)despiteyourwishes wereyouborn,(3)despiteyourwishesdoyoulive,(4)despiteyourwishes doyoudie,and(5)despiteyourwishesareyougoingtogiveafullaccounting beforetheKingofkingsofkings,theHolyOne,blessedbehe.” 5:1 I A. Bytenactsofspeechwastheworldmade. B. AndwhatdoesScripturemean[byhavingGodsaysaytentimes]?Andisitnotso thatwithasingleactofspeech[theworld]couldhavebeenbroughtintobeing? C. Butitistoexactpunishmentfromthewicked,whodestroyaworldwhichwas createdthroughtenactsofspeech, D. andtosecureagoodrewardfortherighteous,whosustainaworldwhichwas createdthroughtenactsofspeech. 5:2 II A. TherearetengenerationsfromAdamtoNoah,toshowyouhowlong-suffering is[God]. B. Forallthosegenerationswentalongspitinghimuntilhebroughtthewaterof theflooduponthem. III C. TherearetengenerationfromNoahtoAbraham,toshowyouhowlong-suffering is[God]. D. Forallthosegenerationswentalongspitinghim,untilAbrahamcamealong andtooktherewardwhichhadbeenmeantforallofthem. 5:3 IV A. TentrialswereinflicteduponAbraham,ourfather,mayherestinpeace, andhewithstoodallofthem, B. toshowyouhowgreatisHisloveforAbraham,ourfather,mayherestinpeace. 5:4 V A. TenwondersweredoneforourfathersinEgypt,andtenattheSea. VI B. TenblowsdidtheHolyOne,blessedbehe,bringupontheEgyptiansinEgypt, andtenattheSea. VII C. TentrialsdidourfathersinflictupontheOmnipresent,blessedbehe, intheWilderness, D. asitissaid,Yet they have tempted me these ten times and have not listened to my voice(Num14:22).
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5:5 VIIIA. TenwondersweredoneforourfathersintheTemple: B. (1)AwomannevermiscarriedonaccountofthestenchofthemeatofHolyThings. (2)AndthemeatoftheHolyThingsneverturnedrotten. (3)Aflynevermadeanappearanceintheslaughterhouse. (4)Ahighpriestneversufferedanocturnalemissionontheeveof theDayofAtonement. (5)Therainneverquenchedthefireonthealtar. (6)Nowindeverblewawaythepillarofsmoke. (7)Aninvalidatingfactorneveraffectedtheomer,theTwoLoaves, ortheShowBread. (8)Whenthepeoplearestanding,theyarejammedtogether.Whenthey godownandprostratethemselves,theyhaveplentyofroom. (9)AsnakeandascorpionneverbitanybodyinJerusalem. (10)Andnooneeversaidtohisfellow,“The place is too crowded for me(Isa49:20)tostayinJerusalem.” 5:6 IX A. TenthingswerecreatedontheeveoftheSabbath[Friday]attwilight, andthesearethey: B. (1)themouthoftheearth[Num16:32]; (2)themouthofthewell[Num21:16-18]; (3)themouthoftheass[Num22:28]; (4)therainbow[Gen9:13]; (5)themanna[Exo16:15]; (6)therod[Exo4:17]; (7)theShamir; (8)letters, (9)writing, (10)andthetablesofstone[ofthetencommandments,Exo32:15f.]. C. Andsomesay,“Alsothedestroyers,thegraveofMoses,andthetamariskof Abraham,ourfather.” D. Andsomesay,“Also:thetongsmadewithtongs[withwhichthefirst tongsweremade.].” 5:7 A. Thereareseventraitstoanunformedclod,andseventoasage. B. (1)Asagedoesnotspeakbeforesomeonegreaterthanheinwisdom. C. (2)Andhedoesnotinterrupthisfellow. D. (3)Andheisnotatalossforananswer. E. (4)Heasksarelevantquestionandanswersproperly. F. (5)Andheaddresseseachmatterinitspropersequence,first,thensecond.
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G. (6)Andconcerningsomethinghehasnotheard,hesays,“Ihavenotheard theanswer.” H. (7)Andheconcedesthetruth[whentheotherpartydemonstratesit]. I. Andtheoppositeofthesetraitsapplytoaclod. 5:8 A. Therearesevenformsofpunishmentwhichcomeupontheworldforseven kindsoftransgression. B. (1)[If]somepeoplegivetithesandsomepeopledonotgivetithes,there isafaminefromdrought. C. Sosomepeoplearehungryandsomehaveenough. D. (2)[If]everyonedecidednottotithe,thereisafamineofunrestanddrought. E. (3)[Ifalldecided]nottoremovedoughoffering,thereisafamineoftotality. F. (4)Pestilencecomestotheworldonaccountofthedeathpenaltieswhich arelistedintheTorahbutwhicharenotinthehandsofthecourt[toinflice]; G. andbecauseoftheproduceoftheSeventhYear[whichpeoplebuyandsell]. H. (5)Aswordcomesintotheworldbecauseofthedelayingofjusticeandperversion ofjustice,andbecauseofthosewhoteachtheTorahnotinaccordwiththelaw. 5:9 A. (6)Aplagueofwildanimalscomesintotheworldbecauseofvainoaths anddesecrationoftheDivineName. B. (7)Exilecomeintotheworldbecauseofthosewhoworshipidols,because offornication,andbecauseofbloodshed, C. andbecauseoftheneglectofthereleaseoftheLand[intheyearofrelease]. D. Atfourturningsintheyearspestilenceincreases:intheFourthYear,inthe SeventhYear,intheyearaftertheSeventhYear,andattheendoftheFestival [ofTabernacles]everyyear: E. (1)intheFourthYear,becauseofthepoorman’stitheoftheThirdYear [whichpeoplehaveneglectedtohandovertothepoor]; F. (2)intheSeventhYear,becauseofthepoorman’stitheoftheSixthYear; G. (3)intheyearaftertheSeventhYear,becauseofthedealinginproduceof theSeventhYear; H. (4)andattheendoftheFestivaleveryyear,becauseofthethieveryofthe dues[gleaningsandthelike]owingtothepoor[notleftfortheminthe antecedentharvest].5:10 I A. Therearefoursortsofpeople. B. (1)Hewhosays,“What’smineismineandwhat’syoursisyours”–this istheaveragesort. C. (Andsomesay,“ThisisthesortofSodom.”) D. (2)“What’smineisyoursandwhat’syoursismine”–thisisaboor.
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The Mishnah and Other Rabbinic Literature and The New Testament - OUTLINE, PAGE 64
E. (3)“What’smineisyoursandwhat’syoursisyours”–thisisatrulypiousman. F. (4)“What’smineismineandwhat’syoursinmine”–thisisatrulywickedman.5:11 II A. Therearefoursortsofpersonality: B. (1)easilyangered,easilycalmed–heloseswhathegains; C. (2)hardtoanger,hardtocalm–heloseswhathegains; D. (3)hardtoangerandeasytocalm–atrulypiousman; E. (4)easytoangerandhardtocalm–atrulywickedman.5:11 III A. Therearefourtypesofdisciples: B. (1)quicktograsp,quicktoforget–heloseswhathegains; C. (2)slowtograsp,slowtoforget–whatheloseshegains; D. (3)quicktograsp,slowtoforget–asage; E. (4)slowtograsp,quicktoforget–abadlotindeed.5:13 IV A. Therearefourtraitsamongpeoplewhogivecharity: B. (1)hewhowantstogivebutdoesnotwantotherstogive–hebegrudges whatbelongstoothers; C. (2)hewantsotherstogive,buthedoesnotwanttogive–hebegrudges whatbelongstohimself; D. (3)hewillgiveandhewantsotherstogive–heistrulypious; E. (4)hewillnotgiveanddoesnotwantotherstogive–heistrulywicked.5:14 V A. Therearefoursortsamongthosewhogotothestudyhouse: B. Hewhogoesbutdoesnotcarryout[whathelearns]–hehasatleastthereward forthegoing. C. Hewhopracticesbutdoesnotgo[tostudy]–hehasatleastthereward forthedoing. D. Hewhobothgoesandpractices–heistrulypious. E. Hewhoneithergoesnorpractices–heistrulywicked. 5:15 A. Therearefourtraitsamongthosewhositbeforethesages: B. asponge,afunnel,astrainer,andasifter. C. asponge–becausehespongeseverythingup; D. afunnel–becausehetakesinononesideandletsoutontheother; E. astrainer–forheletsoutthewineandkeepsinthelees; F. andasifter–forheletsouttheflourandkeepsinthefinestflour.5:16 I A. [In]anylovingrelationshipwhichdependsuponsomething,[when]that thingisgone,theloveisgone. B. Butanywhichdoesnotdependuponsomethingwillnevercometoanend. C. Whatisalovingrelationshipwhichdependsuponsomething?Thatistheloveof AmnonandTamar(IISam13:15).
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D. Andonewhichdoesnotdependuponsomething?ThatistheloveofDavid andJonathan.5:17 II A. AnydisputewhichisforthesakeofHeavenwillintheendyieldresults,and anywhichisnotforthesakeofHeavenwillintheendnotyieldresults. B. WhatisadisputeforthesakeofHeaven?Thisisthesortofdisputebetween HillelandShammai. C. AndwhatisonewhichisnotforthesakeofHeaven?Itisthedisputeof Korachandallhisparty.5:18 III A. Hewhobringsmerittothecommunitynevercausessin. B. Andhewhocausesthecommunitytosin–theynevergivehimasufficient chancetoattainpenitence. C. Mosesattainedmeritandbestowedmeritonthecommunity. D. Sothemeritofthecommunityisassignedtohis[credit], E. asitissaid,He executed the justice of the Lord and his judgments with Israel(Deu33:21). F. Jeroboamsinnedandcausedthecommunitytosin. G. Sothesinofthecommunityisassignedtohis[debit], H. asitissaid,For the sins of Jeroboam which he committed and wherewith he made Israel to sin(IKings15:30). 5:19 A. AnyoneinwhomarethesetraitsisoneofthedisciplesofAbraham,ourfather; B. but[ifhebears]threeothertraits,heisoneofthedisciplesofBalaam,thewicked: C. (1)agenerousspirit,(2)amodestmien,and(3)ahumblesoul–heisone ofthedisciplesofAbraham,ourfather. D. (1)agrudgingspirit,(2)anarrogantmien,and(3)ahumblesoul–heisone ofthedisciplesofBalaam,thewicked. E. WhatisthedifferencebetweenthedisciplesofAbrahamourfatherandthe disciplesofBalaamthewicked? F. ThedisciplesofAbrahamourfatherenjoythebenefit[oftheirlearning]inthis worldandyetinherittheworldtocome,asitissaid,That I may cause those who love me to inherit substance, and so that I may fill their treasures(Pro8:21). G. ThedisciplesofBalaamthewickedinheritGehennaandgodowntothePit ofDestruction,asitissaid,But you, O God, shall bring them down into the pit of destruction; bloodthirsty and deceitful men shall not live out half their days(Psa55:24). 5:20 A. Judahb.Temasays,“Bestrongasaleopard,fastasaneagle,fleetasagazelle, andbraveasalion,tocarryoutthewillofyourFatherwhoisinheaven.”
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B. Hewouldsay,“TheshamelessgotoGehenna,andthediffidenttothegarden ofEden.” C. “Mayitbefoundpleasingbeforeyou,OLordourGod,thatyourebuildyour cityquicklyinourdayandsetourportioninyourTorah.” 5:21 A. Hewouldsay“(1)AtfivetoScripture,(2)tentoMishnah,(3)thirteento religiousduties,(4)fifteentoTalmud,(5)eighteentotheweddingcanopy, (6)twentytoresponsibilityforprovidingforafamily,(7)thirtytofullnessof strength,(8)fortytounderstanding,(9)fiftytocounsel,(10)sixtytooldage, (11)seventytoripeoldage,(12)eightytoremarkablestrength,(13)ninetytoa bowedback,and(14)atahundred–heislikeacorpsewhohasalreadypassed andgonefromthisworld.” 5:22 A. BenBagBagsays[inAramaic],“Turnitoverandoverbecauseeverythingisinit.” B. “Andreflectuponitandgrowoldandworninitanddonotleaveit,” C. [inHebrew],“foryouhavenobetterlotthanthat.” 5:23 A. BenHeHesays,“Inaccordwiththeeffortisthereward.”
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