the fourth generation

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 1

the Fourth Generation

Thoughts and Directions

October 23, 2011, 3-B3GSM @ BOUN

on

diaz site !!! at http://flickr.com/photos/7339233@N05/ 1843725867

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 2

I. Intro: Capri’08; 1st BSM3 & 4 Statements; 2nd BSM3; Summer’11

II. From Hints to Measurements: Indirect/Direct Bs → J/ / Bs → / B → K*║ mt ; BR(t → b W*)

III. Enhancing Small Numbers nEDM4; BAU4

IV. Breaking the Unitarity “Bound” Yukawa-bound Ultra Heavy “Mesons” — Relativ. Bound State Issues; Lattice; [“Bootstrap” Gap Equation

V. Conclusion

Outline

CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) NCU, Oct 6, 2009 3

I. Intro

arXiv:0805.4393 [hep-ph]

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 4

~ 133 citations ~ 133 citations today

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 5

http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=68036

Summarized this morning.

Fourth Generation George W.S. Hou (NTU) TOP2010, Bruges, 100603 6

sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7

WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 (already in 05)

sin2Bs ~ 0.33

WSH, Ma, arXiv:1004.2186 [hep-ph]

4th generation “prediction” still robust, but needs LHCb to verify.

Also, Soni et al., arXiv:1002.0595 [hep-ph] Buras et al. arXiv:1002.2126 [hep-ph] Lenz et al., arXiv:1005.3505 [hep-ph]

curios 1.2 too

sin2Bs ≡ sin s

≡ sin2 s

Sum 2-B3GSM George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 7

Gerhard RavenB Physics Results from the LHC

Practically All Flavor/CPV Hints are “Gone” !!

Practically All Flavor/CPV Hints are “Gone” !!

LP11

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 8

II. From Hints to Measurements: Indirect/Direct

Measuring CKM4 Solely @ LHC

t, t ’

t, t ’

btst VV

btst VV

,t ’

sbisb er

btst VV

btV

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 9

Andrei Golutvin @

s[sins ~ 0.74]

Andrei: Do you like the 1 fb number I gave, George?

George: Well, perhaps 0.3 0.1 better

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 10

7.0 2.4 x 109

reachable w/ 1 fb ?

CERN RRB April 2011

Add ATLAS/CMS !

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 11

Gerhard RavenB Physics Results from the LHC

LP11

Getting Interesting: 4G could enhance

Getting Interesting: 4G could enhance BBss → → by ~ 2 ! by ~ 2 !

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 12

Gerhard RavenB Physics Results from the LHC

LP11

I was devasted by this, and mildly depressed in September …

I was devasted by this, and mildly depressed in September …

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 13

Measuring CKM4 Solely @ LHC

t, t ’

t, t ’

,t ’

btst VV

btst VV

btst VV

Bs

==

SM3

Trick: Take Ratio of

Bs → and ms

Remove dependence,

only left.

SM3

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 14

Measuring CKM4 Solely @ LHC

t, t ’

t, t ’

,t ’

btst VV

btst VV

btst VV

Bs

Could by smaller than SM3

Anticipating 2012

“2” SM3-like

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 15

sbier

sbbtst VV

Measurement

Anticipating 2012

“2” SM3-like

Smaller than SM3

Intersect at ~ SM3 value

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 16

sbier

sbbtst VV

Measurement

A Third Measureable: AFB

~ SM3 !Contours of

x

Sample points: blue; purple;

red; green.

x

Allowed

008.0 |VV| btst for mt’ = 550 GeV

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 17

sbier

sbbtst VV

Measurement

Sample points: blue; purple;

red; green.

Allowed

for mt’ = 550 GeV008.0 |VV| btst

The refined measurements of

˙ sin2Bs

˙ B (Bs → ) ˙ A FB (B0 → K *0)

together with mt’, will pinpoint

the value of

btst VV

Take red point to illustrate the

MeaningMeaning.

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 18

btst VV

tbtsVV

cbcsVV

cbcdVV-

ubudVV

ubusVV

OS

b b →→ s s

b →→ d

SM |VV tbts

70 0.0065 ieer sbiVV

sbbtst

t, t ’

t, t ’

btst VV

btst VV

,t ’

Belle/BaBar Measurement KM Nobel

Measurement of

Determine (knowing t ’ mass) ~ Triangle Relevant for BAU?

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 19

but TCPV hint is now diminished …

t, b

phase space suppressed

vs

CKM suppressed

BR(b → t W*)determines bt V

so then

bt

V

Y. Chao et al., PRD 11

virtual

Threshold enhanceddetermination of CKM4

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 20

III. Enhancing Small Numbers

nEDM4 and BAU4

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 21

21

New neutron EDM expts underway …

» for BAU «

nEDM4

Borderline even if hadronic enhanced by 103

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 22

Pospelov & Ritz, PRD’01

Hamzaoui & Pospelov, PLB’95

Hamzaoui & Pospelov, PRD’96

Hou & Ma, PRD’10

nEDM4 ~ 1031 e cm

effective 3-loop estimate, picking out large momenta in loop

w/ Fanrong Xu & Junji Hisanp, to appear PRD 11

nEDM is a slow (safe) track for 4G

nEDM4 estimate

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 23

BAU4 estimate

• Farrar & Shaposhnikov claimed, in 1993, that SM3 could generate BAU by CP violating scattering of quasi-particles (thermal excitations of q & anti-q) with bubbles of the Higgs condensate

• This was shot down by Gavela, Hernández, Orloff and Pène in 1994, who pointed out FS neglected the damping length in the plasma (mainly QCD)

• Huet & Sather gave in PRD’95 a lucid account, finding conservatively

• We find, following the steps of HS,

bu

bb

le w

all

Problem: Large Yukawa coupling. w/ Masaya Kohda & Yoshio Kikukawa (prelim.)

seem sufficient !

Too small !

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 24

IV. Breaking the Unitarity “Bound”

Yukawa-bound Ultra-heavy Mesons; pheno?Lattice future

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 25

LP11

b' Search @ LHCb' Search @ LHC

same sign dileptons

Pa

rtia

l W

av

e

Pa

rtia

l W

av

e U

nit

ari

ty B

ou

nd

Un

ita

rity

Bo

un

d

b'b' ( (→→ W Wt)t) b'b'

_

Will cross UB w/ 2011-2012 data Non

per

turb

a

Non

per

turb

ative

tive

PLB 11

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 26

Bethe-Salpeter approach to new Heavy IsospinHeavy Isospin

Jain et al., PRD 92; 94 semi-degenerate

cov.

± ± +

+

Isosinglet 1 lightest

↬↬ CollapseCollapse for large mlarge mQQ su

btra

ct s

-cha

nnel

becomes most attractive!

but s-channel is repulsive !Ishiwata & Wise, PRD 11 relativistic correction study

breaks down ?

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 27

Ishiwata and Wise, PRD 11

Fourth generation bound statesrelativistic expansion study

breaks down ?My interpretation:• QCD-bound for GeV scale binding energy• Sudden turn-on of Large Yukawa Coupling ⇒ Sudden drop in radius jump in binding energy• Rel. Expan. fails just when it turns interesting.

accidental degeneracy

less bound

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 28

Bethe-Salpeter approach to new Heavy IsospinHeavy Isospin

Jain et al., PRD 92; 94 semi-degenerate

cov.

± ± +

+

Isosinglet 1 lightest

↬↬ CollapseCollapse for large mlarge mQQ su

btra

ct s

-cha

nnel

becomes most attractive!

but s-channel is repulsive !Ishiwata & Wise, PRD 11 relativistic correction study

breaks down ?

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 29

: “usual”

:

Goes down fast w/ mQ

• Tight, Relativistic Bound State (large q!)

• “Negative Energy Potential” Matters!

• What does collapse mean? What about s-channel subtr.?Enkhbat, WSH, Yokoya, to appear PRD deep boundstate production/decay …

vani

sh fo

r ze

ro r

el. m

otio

n

Yukawa / 5

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 30

no gg production

mQ = 500 – 700 GeV; binding to 0 GeV

1 to 1.4 TeV

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 31

Decay

narrow

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 32

Results

dijet

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 33

from the Abstract

Enkhbat, WSH, Yokoya, to appear PRD

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 34

Lattice: only known nonpert. approach

Last name: LinFirst name: C.-J. DavidAffiliation: National Chiao-Tung UniversityEmail address: dlin1971@gmail.comTitle: Study of the Higgs-Yukawa Theory at the Strong-Yukawa RegimeAuthors: John Bulava, Philipp Gerhold, George W.-S. Hou, Karl Jansen, C.-J. David Lin, Kei-Ichi Nagai, Attila Nagy, Kenji Ogawa, Brian SmigielskiType: ParallelSession: Applications beyond QCDAbstract: We present an on-going project on the Higgs-Yukawa theory in theregime of large bare Yukawa coupling. We use the overlap fermion andthe pHMC algorithm in this work. Our preliminary study shows that there exists a symmetric phase (vanishing scalar vacuum expectation value) in this regime. We also comment on the investigation of the spectrum.

talk at Lattice 2011

Remote Talk tomorrow

4G Dervish George W.S. Hou (NTU) 3-B3GSM@BOUN, 10/23/2011 35

V. Conclusion

• Measure CKM relevant (?) for BAU at LHC [measure also

• nEDM4 safe; BAU4 “possible”

• Unitarity BoundUnitarity Bound approached with 2011-2012 LHC Data

• Need Lattice Study/Understanding to Go Beyond

BR(t → b W*)

Ultra Relativistic, Strong/Nonpert. BoundStates !?

Transition ~ Moriond / Summer Conf. 2013

We await the light SM Higgs verdict