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System Level Design Review

HABIP High Altitude Balloon Instrumentation Platform

P17104 & P17105October 6, 2016

Team Members

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Team Team Member Major Team Roles Other Roles

Communications

Adam Steenkamer EE Project Manager Component Standardization Manager

Connor Goldberg EE Lead Embedded Engineer Agency Compliance Manager

Ian Prechtl ME Lead Mechanical Engineer Thermal Manager

Matt Zachary EE Lead Hardware Engineer Wire Manager

Data Acquisition and Control

Systems

Sydney Kaminski ME Project Manager

Weight, Volume, and Other Shared Mechanical Attributes Manager

Lincoln Glauser EE Lead Embedded Engineer User Guide Documentor

Chris Schwab EE Lead Hardware Engineer Power Manager

Steven Giewont EE Lead Controls Engineer Instrumentation Package/Integrator

Agenda1. Morphological & Pugh Charts2. System Block Diagram3. Flow Diagrams4. Sub-Systems

a. Structureb. Power Consumption & Thermal Routingc. Video Acquisition & Storaged. Microprocessorse. Battery Typesf. IMU and Reaction Wheel

g. ATV Transmitterh. 2m Transceiver

5. Future Plans6. Additional Project Information

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Morphological Chart - COMMS

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Morphological Chart - COMMS

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Pugh Chart - COMMS

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Morphological Chart - DAQCS

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Morphological Chart - DAQCS

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Pugh Chart - DAQCS

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Screening Matrix - DAQCS

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Scoring Matrix - DAQCS

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Concept Drawings

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System Block Diagram

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System Block Diagram (DAQCS)

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System Block Diagram (COMMS)

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Flow Diagram (Energy)

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Separate Batteries for System, GRSS, APRS

Battery Power -> Regulators -> Parts -> Heat -> Structure -> Environment

Flow Diagram (Energy)

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Separate Batteries for System, GRSS, APRS

Battery Power -> Regulators -> Parts -> Heat -> Structure -> Environment

Flow Diagram (Energy)

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Separate Batteries for System, GRSS, APRS

Battery Power -> Regulators -> Parts -> Heat -> Structure -> Environment

Flow Diagram (Structure)

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Wind Force and HAB create torque, which is measured by IMUController reads this data, and commands the reaction wheel on and off

Flow Diagram (DAQCS)

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Sensors ------------------------------

Raspberry Pi------------------------------

SD Card ------------------------------

COMMS

Flow Diagram (COMMS)

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In general:DAQCS -> Microcontroller -> OSD & ATV Transmitter OR Transceiver

Platform Structure

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“ The Pill”“The Disk”

Disk● 3 Layers

(Top,Middle,Bottom)● Increased Torque Control

Req.● Reduced External Inertial

Effects● Increased radial distance● Reduced normal distance

Pill● Multi Layer● Reduced Torque Control

Req.● Increased External Inertial

Effects● Reduced radial distance● Increased normal distance

Platform Structure

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“The Disk”

Disk● 3 Layers (Top,Middle,Bottom)● Increased Torque Control Req.● Reduced External Inertial Effects● Increased radial distance● Reduced normal distance

Pill● Multi Layer● Reduced Torque Control Req.● Increased External Inertial

Effects● Reduced radial distance● Increased normal distance

COMMS Power Consumption - Thermal Routing

Thermal Routing Scenarios

1) Heat cannot be expelled fast enough2) Not enough heat is generated / stored3) Over the mission duration, components remain in

operational range

----> From primary analysis, contrary to other projects, excessive cooling will not be an issue. Tested using air insulator distributed network

-----> Next Step : Expand model to complete system

Microprocessors

- Broadcom BCM2835 Chipset- Full OS support (Linux)- 2x I2C, 2xSPI, 1xUART, 1x1Wire

Pros:- Fully integrated MIPI camera interface- Easy SD card access- No HW validation for bringup- Rapid prototype (<1hour for camera)- $5

Cons:- No FRAM memory- Dependency on 3rd party HW- High power usage (~250mA)

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- TI MPS430 MPU- Bare Metal firmware- Up to 8xSPI, 4xI2C, 4xUART

Pros:- Low power- FRAM memory- Full access to all HW and documentation

Cons:- Not capable of high-speed camera interfacing- Requires a custom PCB (HW bringup)- Requires special SD card driver

Video/Sensor Acquisition & Storage

- Raspberry Pi Zero (x4)- Controls Raspberry Pi Camera- Controls local/external sensor acquisition- Direct storage to SD card

- Raspberry Pi Camera v2.1- 8MP (3280 x 2464 pixels)- 1080p30 video capture (adjustable)- Digital image stabilization- Len focus 1m to infinity- Photo: jpeg, raw, etc. Video: raw h.264

- Each Zero has its own I2C sensor network- Temperature, pressure

- Data stored through Linux file system- Simply insert SD card into host PC for data retrieval- Or use “scp” over serial

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Battery Types

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Battery Chemistry

Resistance vs. Temperature

Energy Density

Low Discharge Risk Form Factor

NiCd Good Good No AA, AAA, 9V, C, D, multi-cell packs

NiMH Good Good No AA, AAA, 9V, C, D, multi-cell packs

Lead Acid Poor Poor No Sealed container (ex: car battery)

Lithium Ion Best Best Yes multi-cell “pouches”, portable power docks

Lithium Polymer Best Best Yes multi-cell “pouches”, portable power docks

Alkaline Poor Poor No AA, AAA, 9V, C, D, multi-cell packs

Ideal system battery:- Low resistance at low temperature, high energy density, non-explosive

Most common rechargeable battery chemistries:

DAQCS Power Estimate

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● Major components- Sensor Acquisition and Storage (via Raspberry Pi Zero)- Sensor Power (temperature + pressure)- Reaction Wheel Controller Power (MSP430FRx and IMU)- Reaction Wheel Motor power

● System voltages are still TBD, therefore power is TBD ( based on component selection)

● Estimate of system current draw:

System Current (mA) Notes

Sensor Acquisition and Storage 4 x 250 = 1000 Four Zero’s capturing 1080p30

Sensors 20 x 2 = 40 4 external, 4 internal, 12 redundant

Reaction Wheel Controller 60

Reaction Wheel Motor TBD Based on motor selection / characterization

TOTAL: ~ 1100 + Motor

IMU & Reaction Wheel

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IMU’s maximum sampling rate: 819.2 Hz

Difference in the angular acceleration of the instrumentation platform to the reaction wheel

Angular acceleration of the instrumentation platform

ATV Transmitter

Preliminary distance analysis shows we need close to 5W of output RF power for ATV

This will need to be verified by testing the ATV system

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ATV Transmitter

PC Electronics TXA5-RCbUp to 1.5W out

Used in METEOR 2005

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Videolynx VM-70XControlled 0.5-5W out

High power consumption

2m Transceiver

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Future Plans: COMMS Gantt Chart

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Future Plans: COMMS

• Improved thermal analysis• Structural analysis• Part selection, especially:

– 2m Transceiver– 70cm ATV Transmitter

• Improved weight, budget, & power consumption analyses

• Prototyping– APRS– GPS– Analog camera & OSD unit– Plans for other parts

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Future Plans: DAQCS Gantt Chart

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Future Plans: DAQCS

• Prototype camera, Raspberry Pi, and sensor interface

• Prototype of the reaction wheel & test set-up

• Environmental test procedures written • Reaction wheel test procedure written• Completion of BOM• Completion of the majority of engineering

documentation (i.e. models & drawings)

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Questions?

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Additional Information Slides

Concept Drawings - DAQCS

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Concept Drawings - DAQCS

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Functional Decomposition

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Functional Decomposition

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Functional Decomposition

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Functional Decomposition

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Additional Feasibility Completed - DAQCS

• Budget Feasibility• Weight Feasibility• Environmental Testing Chamber

Feasibility• Buzzer Feasibility

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Budget Feasibility - DAQCS

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Weight Feasibility - DAQCS

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Environmental Chamber Feasibility - DAQCS

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Additional testing facilities are available in the CEMA lab in Slaughter.

Buzzer Feasibility - DAQCS

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Temperature Range: -20 to 65 degrees Celsius Storage Temperature: -40 to 85 degrees Celsius

Sound Range: 92 to 103 dB