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Statoil’s business area
Statoil module – Field Development - MEK4450 - 2011
Magnus Nordsveen
Content
• Oil & gas reserves
• Statoil’s current operations
• Statoil’s strategy
Oil & gas reserves Very difficult to estimate
Definitions:
Oil in place: Total estimated oil in an oil reservoir
Oil reserves: Producible fraction of Oil in place
Recovery factor: Ratio Oil reserves/Oil in place
Current recovery factor from oil fields in Norway: ~50%
Average recovery factor in world for conventional oil: ~30%
Presently estimated recovery factor for Oil sand in Canada: ~10%
Alboudwarej et al. ‘Highlighting heavy oil’. Oilfield Review. 2006
Tight oil (not included in previous slides)
• Very large reserves globally. No estimates yet available.
• US:
• Russia: Estimated reserves from one area larger than Saudi Arabia’s conventional
oil reserves!?
Proven Gas Reserves at end of 2004
(PESA news, August/September 2005)
Tight gas (incl. shale gas)
• 2012: US Energy Information Administration estimates gas reserves as large as
global conventional gas reserves
–Based on 32 countries (Areas in Middle East, Africa and Russia not included)
• Shale gas has already changed the gas market
Task and references
• Task: Discuss uncertainties in reserves due to:
– recovery factor/enhanced oil recovery
– measurement/estimation techniques
– unconventional resources
– political factors
– etc.
• References (internet):
– BP Statistical Review
– Oil and Gas Journal
– World Oil
– etc.
Content
• Oil & gas reserves
• Statoil’s current operations
• Statoil’s strategy
GoM: Ultra deep water and deep reservoirs
Angola: Deep water and no infrastructure
Arctic: Remote locations and hostile environment
NCS: “Shallow water” and aging infrastructure
Brazil: Heavy oil and deep water
SEA: Deep water
and limited
infrastructure
US: Shale gas & oil
Canada: Heavy oil
Statoil’s current operations
Present in 37 countries
– Angola: Largest production outside Norway
– Brazil: Peregrino production started (Heavy oil)
– Gulf of Mexico: Deep water gas and oil fields
– USA: Shale gas & oil
– Canada: Oil sand
– UK: Wind mill farms
Angola
• Operated in Angola almost 20 years
• Partners in 8 producing fields
• Current: 170.000 boe/d
• Pazflor field started production summer 2011
(expected production of 47.000 boe/d)
Brazil
• Peregrino – largest operated field outside Norway
• Heavy oil
• Two production platforms
• 30 production wells
• FPSO
Total system simulation
Gulf of Mexico
• Partner in more than 400 licences
• Deep waters (2000-3000 m)
• Presalt (Large oil reservoir buried below thick salt layers)
• Viscous oil
• Currently low recovery (10-12%)
• Large challenges – large potential
Stepwise development of new energy platform
Our main focus is on offshore wind power where we add value by using our
extensive competence from offshore oil and gas activities
• Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm
• Dogger Bank – Asset for growth
• Hywind – Proven floating wind mill concept
Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm
• Scira Offshore Energy Ltd.
(Statkraft + Statoil)
• 50 years lease agreement with The
Crown Estate
Sheringham Shoal
Wind Farm
• Project Highlights
–Installed capacity 317 MW
–35 km2 wind farm appr. 20 km off the
coast
–Water depth 17m – 22m
–88 wind turbine generators, each 3.6
MW
Wind Farm Highlights
20 - Classification: Internal 2010-11-24
• Target 9 GW production, potential to increase to 13 GW
• Area: 8660km2 (3343 square
miles)
• Distance from shore: 125-290 km (77-180 miles)
• Water depth: 18-63 m (59 to
206 ft) • High wind speeds >10 m/s
average wind speed across the zone
DOGGER BANK KEY FACTS
Cost of Energy could reach grid parity in high cost
electricity markets during the next decade
• Potential for further cost reduction
–Lighter / cheaper turbines
–Mass production
–Supply chain development
–Improved installation methods
Content
• Oil & gas reserves
• Statoil’s current operations
• Statoil’s strategy
Statoil’s strategy
Maximise the potential on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS)
Tie ins to existing fields/infrastructure
Increase the recovery (Subsea processing, etc)
New independent discoveries (E.g: In Barents sea, Nordland)
2. International growth
Conventional gas and oil
Unconventional gas and oil
3. Increase our engagement in renewal energy
Challenges
• Find new oil and gas fields
• Enhanced recovery
–Smart wells (horizontal, zones, branched)
–Water/gas injection wells to maintain reservoir pressure
–ESPs (pumps in wells)
–Sub sea processing
• Transport
–Multiphase to receiving facility (floater/shore)
–Single phase to market
• Deep waters, Harsh environment, Arctic
Oil reservoirs
Gas reservoirs
Gas condensate long range transport < 500 km
Challenges:
• Pressure drop
• Liquid accumulations in inclinations at low rates
• Surges and slug catchers
• Hydrates (water+gas) Rough seabed – estimated pipeline profile
Pressure drop – liquid accumulation
• High flow rate: Pressure drop is friction dominated
• Low flow rate: Pressure drop is gravity dominated due to liquid accumulation in
upward inclined sections of the flowline
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 5 10 15 20
Production rate [MSm3/d]
Pre
ssur
e dr
op [b
ar]
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Liq
uid
co
nte
nt
[m3]
Pressure drop
Liquid content [m3]
Friction
dominated
Gravity
dominated
Task: Pressure drop calculation – gravity
dominated flow
• Flow line over 100 m hill
• Holdup in uphill section: 30 %
• Holdup in downhill section: 0.3 %
• Density of condensate: 675 kg/m3
• Neglect gas
• Neglect frictional pressure drop
• Find pressure drop between 1 and 2
• Compare with single phase flow calculation
(100% holdup in upward and downward inclined sections)
1 2
Oil field long range transport < 200 km
• Currently < 50 km
• Challenges: Wax, hydrates
• Current solution:
–Keep temperature above hydrate temp.
(insulation or insulation + heating)
–Pigging for wax
• Future alternative: Cold flow
–Transport with particles without settling on wall/plugging
Heavy oil transport < 50 km
• Challenges:
–High oil viscosity and emulsions => High pressure drop
–Viscosity is very sensitive to temperature
–Potential large problems during shutins and cooldown
• Current solutions for shorter distances:
–Production with large water cut (water continuous oil/water mixture)
–Dilution with lighter oil
–Outcirculation with non viscous fluid during shutins
Athabasca Bitumen, Canada (8.6oAPI)
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
10000000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (oC)
Oil
Vis
cosi
ty (
cp)
Thank you
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