six essential nutrients

1. Water 4. Protein

2. Carbohydrates 5. Minerals

3. Fats 6. Vitamins

Controls body temperature. Enables living plants and animals to hold their

shape. Involves the transport of nutrients at the cell

level through osmosis and diffusion. Helps digest feeds. Carries waste-products resulting from body

functions. Major part of all body fluids.

Furnishes energy for:A. body functionsB. growth and fatteningC. reproduction

The largest part of an animal’s food supply (usually the roughage in the diet). 4 calories per gram

Includes sugars, starchs, and cellulose. Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and

oxygen.

Furnishes a concentrated source of energy. (2.25 times as much energy as C6H12O.) 9 calories per gram

Forms cholesterol, steroids, and other body compounds.

Found in every cell in the body. Skin and hair conditions are affected when fat is

absent from the diet. Provides: Energy reserves

Protection for vital organs

Insulation for the body Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Needed for growth and repair of the body. Helps form the greater part of: 4 calories

per gramA. muscles and internal organs.B. skin, hair, wool, and feathers.C. hoofs and horns.

Contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Potassium, phosphorous, and calcium are necessary for healthy bones.

Salt (NaCl) is important in most body functions (i.e. appearance, growth, appetite).

Iron is required for healthy blood and skin.

Most other minerals are essential, but are required in smaller amounts.

Needed in minute amounts. Essential for life and health. Catalyst for body processes. Promotes growth and reproduction. Contributes to the general health of

the animal.

Vitamin Source Need Disease

A Yellow vegies, dairy, fish and liver

Night blindness,

Night blindness

B1-6 ComplexRiboflavin

Niacin, Thiamine

Meat whole grains and bananas

Nervous system, low

energy

Beri Beri

B12 meat, dairy DNA Metabolism

Leber’s

C Fruit fresh vegies, Narwhal

Adrenal glands, blood, bones,

capillary walls, heart, mucous membranes,

nervous system and teeth.

Scurvy

D Sun light Growth, bones

Ricketts

E Fish oil and grain oils

Nervous system, skin

and joints

K Dark green vegies and

carrots

Blood clotting warfarin

Protein meat Muscles, repair cells,

blood

Pelegra

Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)

Leafy greens, eggs, yeast

Nervous system

development