safety measures during oil exploration & drilling · 2019. 12. 19. · onshore mines operation...
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Safety measures during Oil Exploration & Drilling
Dr Naveen Raj
Chief General ManagerCorporate HSE, ONGC, New Delhi
CDIM-20194-6th December 2019, Gangtok
A Typical Reservoir Drive Mechanism
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Integrated: Dominant National Energy conglomerate
3
Domestic E&P
SEZ
Overseas E&P Refinery PowerPetchem, LNG,
DownstreamService and other
(100%)
(49.98%
)
(49.00%
)
(32.72%
)
(26.00%
)
(50.00%
)
(71.62%
)
(51.11%
)
(50.00%
)
(26.00%
)
(49.00%
)
(12.50%
)
(51.11%
)
1.4Reserve
Replacement ratio
(5 yr. avg.)
1863
MMTO
E2P Reserves
> ₹
3622
BnGross
Revenue in FY 18
� Exploration
� Drilling
� Production & Processing
� Storage and Transportation
4
ONGC’s Activities
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E&P Infrastructure
27 Seismic Crew
121Drilling Rig
88 Work Over Rig
107Well Stimulation
Unit
5
E&P Infrastructure
240 Onshore Installations
202Offshore Installations
> 25,000 Km Pipelines
79 Offshore Supply Vessels
6
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Domestic E&P: Resource Base
7* Charter-hire
Seismic Crews: 16+3*
Drilling Rigs: 68+39*
Work-over Rigs:
48+30*
Well Stimulation Units: 126 Well Logging units: 28+65*
Offshore Installation: 289 Onshore Installation: 261
Pipelines: 25,659 Kms
OSVs/ MSVs: 09+59*
Well Stimulation
Vessel: 1+1*
Institutes: 12
Manpower: 31,769
FPSO: 2*
Process Complex: 13
Well Head Platform 237
Plants: 3
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Hazards in oil & gas industry
Safety and Injury hazards
1. Fire & Explosions
2. Slips, Trips and Falls
3. Working inside confined
space
4. Motor vehicle accidents
5. Contact Injury
Health & Illness hazards
1. Chemical
2. Physical
3. Biological
4. Ergonomic
5. Psychological
The aim of SMS is to identify and assess health and safety
hazards at work places and to define appropriate control
and retrieval steps
Risk management in oil & gas industry
Process involves
1. Planning
2. Risk Identification
3. Risk Assesment
4. Risk Recording
5. Risk Control
6. Follow on assessment
7. Monitor & Review
“The essence of risk management
Is to avoid high risks, manage
medium risks, and live with
low risks.”
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Control Measure to prevent Incident
1.Engineering Control (isolation of source, lockout procedure, design, process or procedural changes, monitoring and warning equipment, chemical or material substitution.)
2. Administrative Control (through personnel, management, monitoring, limiting worker exposure, measuring performance, training and education, housekeeping and preventive maintenance, quality purchasing, audits, SOP.)
3. PPE (body protection, fall protection, ensure proper breathing in confined space.)
Seismic survey
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Seismic survey
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PORTABLE MAST RAISING
MOBILE RIG TELESCOPIC RAISING
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Working at Height
Ensure Top man escape device is tested at new location and is working properly.
Also it should be provided with proper landing platform.
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Rig Floor Area
1. Ensure proper house keeping;
� Rig floor should be kept clean and non-slippery.� All un-wanted material should be off loaded from the rig floor.� All drilling handling tools including power tongs, elevators, slips etc.
should be properly arranged.� Ladders and the railings and steps of stairs should be in order.
2. Wear PPE at all times
3. Ensure Top man safety belts are in proper condition.
All guy ropes are properly anchored.
While working on height on derrick/mast safetybelt should be used and properly securedbefore starting the work to avoid any accidentof falling.
Ensure proper illumination of derrick floorand mast.
Ensure IBOP and FOSV are available on therig floor in open position and with requiredcross overs and operating wrench.
Availability of fire fighting system
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MAKING PIPE CONNECTION IN DRILLING
Working in confined space
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Personnel Protective Equipment
� Shoe
� Hand glove
� Helmet
� Dungaree
� Goggle
� Ear Muff / Ear Plug
Preventing Accident to happen
1. Eliminate all unsafe acts or
unsafe conditions
2. Reporting the incident
3. Investigating it’s causes
4. Eliminating it’s causes
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• Safety Management System (SMS)
• OMR-2017
• OISD Standards
• ERP
• DMP
• CDMP
• Permit- To- Work (PTW)
• Job Safety Analysis(JSA)
• Tool Box Talk (TBT)
• Management of Change (MOC)
• Behavior Based Safety (BBS)
• Training
• HSE Audit
• Occupational health monitoring (PME)
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27
2000 meters
Oil Spill Response FacilityOil Containment Boom
Date: 27 July 2005
Location: Mumbai High, Fatality -22 Persons
Mumbai (Bombay) High North Platform
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Emergency response Plan..
� The overall objective of a sound disaster plan is to reduce the possible consequences of the emergency by:
� preventing fatalities and injuries � minimizing damage to buildings, materials, and equipment and � hastening�
� Disaster Management deals with the following aspects: � Command, Control, and emergency communications � Safety of people and other livestock � Protection of company properties and plant � Recovery and Restoration of industrial activity � Administration and Logistics supports � Dealing with community concerns of the resumption of normal
operations.
Regulatory and Mandatory Requirements
30
�Onshore mines operation are regulated by Directorate General of
Mines Safety (DGMS) through Mines Act, 1952. accidents of Onshore
Mines operations are to be reported to DGMS as per the provisions of
the Mines Act,1952.
�Plant operations are regulated by Directorate of Industrial Safety &
Hygiene (DISH) through Factories Act, 1948. accident of Plant
operations are to be reported to DISH as per the provisions of the
Factories Act, 1948.
�Use of Explosives is regulated by Chief Controller of
Explosives(PESO) through Explosives Act, 1884 as per the provisions of
Explosives Act, 1884
�Offshore Operations are regulated by PNG (Safety in Offshore
Operations) Rules-2008. The incidents are to be reported to Oil Industry
Safety Directorate (OISD) as per additional provisions of PNG Rules
2008.
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Health Hazards
ChemicalBiological
Ergonomic
Psychological
Physical
Noise, heat, radiation,
vibration, extreme
temperatures,
Gases, dust, metals, solvents, which may be present in the working environment as gases, vapours, mists/aerosols, fumes, dusts, liquids or solids.
Bacteria, fungi, viruses, insects and mites, moulds, yeast, related to the working environment
Workplace layout, manual
handling, body posture and
movement, RSI, operations,
tasks and jobs
Psychological Stress,
human interactions
workplace relationships.
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Management of Change (MOC)
� Any Changes in Defense Designs, or System Engineering will Require Management of Change– P&ID– Equipment Lists– Inspection/Testing/
Maintenance Procedures– PHA’s
� MOC procedure should ensure that equipment and procedures are returned to their original conditions at the end of a temporary change
� MOC forms/clearance sheets are acceptable control methods of tracking changes
Behavior Based Safety (BBS)• BBS is a process approach to improving safety performance by
helping workgroup to,
– Identify safety-related behaviours that are critical to
performance
– Gather data on workgroup safety excellence
– Provide ongoing, two-way performance feedback
• Why are people unimpressed by safety risks?
– Risk taking – a matter of choice
– Familiarity breeds complacency
– We get what we deserve – work place injuries are fair
– Risky work practices are accepted and becomes the NORM
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SAFETY IN CONTRACT MANAGEMENT
i. Safety and well being of contractor and ONGC employees are
improved.
ii. Improved quality and productivity result from implementation of
a comprehensive contractor safety program which requires that
workers be properly trained for their job tasks, are familiar with
their job requirements and conform to procedures.
iii. Fewer incidents result in more controlled project costs and less
need for regulatory action.
iv. The potential for damage to ONGC facility and contractor’s
equipment are minimized
Risk Management System
IDENTIFY all risk exposures (Hazards)
EVALUATE the risk in each exposure
DEVELOP a plan
IMPLEMENT the plan
MONITOR (Measure, Commend and/or Correct)
Terminate
Avoid or
eliminate the
Loss exposure
Treat
Develop
controls
Tolerate
Acceptable
Level of
risk
Transfer
Insurance
I
D
E
I
M
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Risk Assessment
The process of identifying the HAZARD involved and the RISK
associated with them, estimating the magnitude of risk and
deciding whether or not the risk is tolerable
Hazard Risk
Equivalent to
Cause Effect
Aspect Impact
HAZARD
source or situation with
potential for harm in
term of human injury or
ill health, damage to
property, damage to
the work place
environment, or a
combination of these.
Hazard and RiskRISK
Combination of the likelihood and
consequences of a specified
hazardous event occurring.
(accident or incident).
A risk, always has two elements:
• likelihood that it may occur
• the consequences of the hazardous event
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Job Safety Analysis(JSA)
A Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is a method that is used for the purpose of the following:
�To identify and analyze the steps involved in performing
a specific job,
�To identify and analyze the existing or potential safety,
health and/or environment hazards associated with
each step, and
�To identify and analyze the recommended action(s)
/procedure(s) that will eliminate or reduce these hazards
and the risk of a workplace injury, illness, or property
loss
Tool Box Talk (TBT)
Why to conduct TOOL BOX TALK?
� To minimise the occurrence of Unwanted Incidents. Main Root causes of Unwanted Incidents are:
� Inactive employees on the job
� Ignorance about hazards associated with the job
� Improvident/imprudent employees
� The best effective tool to address this problem is Tool Box Talk
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Tool Box Talk (TBT):
� The Accident / Incident rate, occurrence of ill Health and Environmental damage in the Industry are
� serious national problems. Continued training is essential to prevent Accidents / Incidents, ill Health and Environmental damage.
� The TOOLBOX TALK programme, if implemented correctly, can play a major part in our continuing effort to create an increased awareness of:
� a) Hazards present in the industry
� b) Precautions which must be taken to eliminate or control them and in doing so will help to reduce unwanted incidents
� Unsafe Act
� Violation of SOP lead to accident
� Common Unsafe Practices:� Operating a tool or some equipment without authority
� Working at an unsafe speed
� Taking short cuts
� Failure to use PPE
� Failure to instruct/warn/secure
� Making safety devices inoperative/ bypassing
� Using equipment improperly
� Using defective equipment
� Improper loading/placement
� Improper lifting
� Servicing equipment in motion
� Alcoholism or drug abuse
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16-Dec-19 43
� Unsafe Condition� A hazardous or physical condition which could lead to
accident
� Common Unsafe Conditions:- Inadequate guards or protection
- Defective tools, equipment, substance
- Congestion
- Inadequate warning system
- Fire & explosion hazards
- Sub-standard house keeping
- Hazardous atmospheric conditions(Gases/dust/ fumes, etc)
- Excessive noise
- Inadequate illumination, ventilation
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